Jump to content

Dovid Hofshteyn: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→Notes: add category using AWB
Undid revision 1263854952 by 108.41.11.182 (talk) common name used for him is Dovid not Duvid
 
(46 intermediate revisions by 30 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Yiddish poet}}
'''David Hofstein''' ({{lang-yi|דוד האָפשטיין}} ''Dovid Hofshteyn'', {{lang-ru|Давид Гофштейн}}; 1889, [[Korostyshiv]] – August 12, 1952) was a [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] [[poet]].
{{Infobox writer
⚫
| name = Dovid Hofshteyn
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = דוד האָפשטיין
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1889|06|12}} <ref>{{Cite web|title= JewishGen |url= https://www.jewishgen.org/ |work= JewishGen Ukrainian Births}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Korostyshiv]], [[Ukraine]], [[Russian Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1952|08|12|1889|06|12}}
| death_place = [[Lubyanka Prison]], Moscow, Russia
| occupation = Poet
| language = Yiddish
| residence =
| nationality =
| citizenship =
| home_town =
| movement = [[literary modernism|modernism]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Abend-David |first=Dror |title=Gender Benders and Unrequited Offerings: Two Hebrew Poems by Rachel Bluwstein-Sela and Dovid Hofshteyn |journal=Prooftexts |date=2011 |volume=31 |issue=3 |page=213 |doi=10.2979/prooftexts.31.3.210 |jstor=10.2979/prooftexts.31.3.210 |s2cid=162381678 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/prooftexts.31.3.210 |access-date=12 October 2022 |issn=0272-9601}}</ref>
| subject = <!-- or: | subjects = -->
| spouse = <!-- or: | spouses = -->
| partner = <!-- or: | partners = -->
| children =
| relatives =
| awards =
| portaldisp = <!-- "on", "yes", "true", etc.; or omit -->
⚫
}}
'''Dovid Hofshteyn''' ({{langx|yi|דוד האָפשטיין}} ''Dovid Hofshteyn'', {{langx|ru|Давид Гофштейн}}; June 12, 1889 in [[Korostyshiv]] – August 12, 1952),<ref>{{Cite web|last=Congress|first=The Library of|title=LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)|url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n84008531.html|access-date=2020-06-25|website=id.loc.gov}}</ref> also transliterated as '''David Hofstein''', was a [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] [[poet]]. He was one of the 13 Jewish intellectuals executed on the [[Night of the Murdered Poets]].


==Biography==
He was born in [[Ukraine]], [[Russian Empire]] and received a traditional [[Jew]]ish education; his application to the [[Kiev University]] was declined. Hofstein began to write in Yiddish, [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Russian language|Russian]], and [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]].
He was born in [[Korostyshiv]], near [[Kyiv]],<ref>{{cite journal |last=Glaser |first=Amelia M. |title=Jewish Alienation through a Ukrainian Looking Glass: Dovid Hofshteyn's Translations of Taras Shevchenko |journal=Prooftexts |date=2017 |volume=36 |issue=1–2 |page=86 |doi=10.2979/prooftexts.36.1-2.04 |jstor=10.2979/prooftexts.36.1-2.04 |s2cid=165460244 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/prooftexts.36.1-2.04 |access-date=12 October 2022 |issn=0272-9601}}</ref> and received a traditional [[Jewish education]]; his application to the [[Kiev University]] was declined. Hofshteyn began to write in Yiddish, [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Russian language|Russian]], and [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]. His sister [[Shifra Kholodenko]] also became a poet.


After the [[Russian Revolution of 1917]], which he welcomed, Hofstein wrote only in Yiddish. He was coeditor of the [[Moscow]] Yiddish monthly ''[[Shtrom]]'', the last organ of free Jewish expression in the [[Soviet Union]]. The poems in which he acclaimed the communist regime established him as one of the [[Kiev]] triumvirate of Yiddish poets, along with [[Leib Kvitko]] and [[Peretz Markish]].
After the [[October Revolution]], which he welcomed, Hofshteyn wrote only in Yiddish. He was coeditor of the [[Moscow]] Yiddish monthly ''[[Shtrom (magazine)|Shtrom]]'', the last organ of free Jewish expression in the [[Soviet Union]]. The poems in which he acclaimed the communist regime established him as one of the [[Kiev]] triumvirate of Yiddish poets, along with [[Leib Kvitko]] and [[Peretz Markish]].


Hofstein's elegies for Jewish communities devastated by the [[White movement]] [[pogrom]]s appeared in 1922, with illustrations by [[Marc Chagall]]. Both had worked together as teachers at shelter for Jewish boys in suburban [[Malakhovka, Moscow Oblast|Malakhovka]], which housed and employed boys orphaned by Ukrainian pogroms.<ref name=Wullschlager>Wullschlager, Jackie. ''Chagall: A Biography'' Knopf, 2008</ref>{{rp|273}}
Hofshteyn's elegies for Jewish communities devastated by the [[White movement]] [[pogrom]]s appeared in 1922, with illustrations by [[Marc Chagall]]. Both had worked together as teachers at shelter for Jewish boys in suburban [[Malakhovka, Moscow Oblast|Malakhovka]], which housed and employed boys orphaned by Ukrainian pogroms.<ref name=Wullschlager>Wullschlager, Jackie. ''Chagall: A Biography'' Knopf, 2008</ref>{{rp|273}}


Hofstein protested the banning of Hebrew and the persecution of Hebrew writers, arousing the suspicion of the authorities. He therefore emigrated first to Germany and then to [[Palestine]] in 1923. In Palestine he wrote both in Hebrew and Yiddish and published in Yiddish the dramatic poem ''Sha'ul&ndash;Der Letster Meylekh fun Yisroel'' (''Saul&ndash;The Last King of Israel'', 1924) and an expressionistic drama ''Meshiekhs Tsaytn'' (''Messianic Times'', 1925). He returned to Kiev in 1926 only to find himself compelled to write poems adulatory of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]]. In 1939, Hofstein became member of the Communist Party.<ref>http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Hofshteyn_Dovid</ref> Hofstein hailed the establishment of the [[Israel|State of Israel]] in 1948; however, in the same year, when [[Joseph Stalin]] withdrew his support for Israel, Hofstein was arrested, together with Kvitko, Markish and other members of the [[Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee]], first transported to Moscow and then to [[Siberia]]. He was executed on the [[Night of the Murdered Poets]] (August 12–13, 1952), together with twelve other Yiddish writers and artists. After the death of Stalin, they were [[Wiktionary:posthumous|posthumously]] rehabilitated, and Hofstein's selected works reappeared in a Russian translation in 1958.
Hofshteyn protested the banning of Hebrew and the persecution of Hebrew writers, arousing the suspicion of the authorities. He therefore emigrated first to Germany and then to [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] in 1923. In Palestine he wrote both in Hebrew and Yiddish and published in Yiddish the dramatic poem ''Sha'ul&ndash;Der Letster Meylekh fun Yisroel'' (''Saul&ndash;The Last King of Israel'', 1924) and an expressionistic drama ''Meshiekhs Tsaytn'' (''Messianic Times'', 1925). He returned to Kiev in 1926 only to find himself compelled to write poems adulatory of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]]. In 1939, Hofshteyn became a member of the Communist Party.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Hofshteyn_Dovid|title=YIVO &#124; Hofshteyn, Dovid}}</ref> Hofshteyn hailed the establishment of the [[Israel|State of Israel]] in 1948; however, in the same year, when [[Joseph Stalin]] withdrew his support for Israel, Hofshteyn was arrested, together with Kvitko, Markish and other members of the [[Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee]], first transported to Moscow and then to [[Siberia]]. He was executed on the [[Night of the Murdered Poets]] (August 12–13, 1952),<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Koller|first1=Sabine|url=https://rosenzweig.huji.ac.il/book/david-hofstein-%E2%80%93-between-jewishness-and-universalism|title=David Hofstein – between Jewishness and Universalism|last2=Yakovleva|first2=Tetyana|publisher=Franz Rosenzweig Minerva Research Center, [[The Hebrew University of Jerusalem]]|language=en}}</ref> together with twelve other Yiddish writers and artists. After the death of Stalin, they were [[posthumous rehabilitation|posthumously rehabilitated]], and Hofshteyn's selected works reappeared in a Russian translation in 1958.


==See also==
==See also==
*[[History of the Jews in Russia and the Soviet Union]]
*[[History of the Jews in the Soviet Union]]


==References==
==Further reading==
*Liptzin, Sol (1997). "Hofstein, David". ''[[Encyclopedia Judaica]]'' (CD-ROM Edition Version 1.0). Ed. [[Cecil Roth]]. Keter Publishing House. ISBN 965-07-0665-8
*Liptzin, Sol (1997). "Hofstein, David". ''[[Encyclopedia Judaica]]'' (CD-ROM Edition Version 1.0). Ed. [[Cecil Roth]]. Keter Publishing House. {{ISBN|965-07-0665-8}}
*Brett Winestock: [https://www.zflprojekte.de/zfl-blog/2022/08/17/brett-winestock-museums-of-shame-dovid-hofshteyns-vision-of-holocaust-remembrance/ ''MUSEUMS OF SHAME: Dovid Hofshteyn’s Vision of Holocaust Remembrance''], in: ZfL BLOG 2022



==Notes==

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hofshteyn, Dovid}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
⚫
| NAME = Hofstein, David
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Soviet poet
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1889
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = August 12, 1952
| PLACE OF DEATH =
⚫
}}
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hofstein, David}}
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Korostyshiv]]
[[Category:People from Korostyshiv]]
[[Category:Ukrainian Jews]]
[[Category:Jewish Ukrainian writers]]
[[Category:Jewish anti-fascists]]
[[Category:Jewish poets]]
[[Category:Jewish poets]]
[[Category:Jewish socialists]]
[[Category:Yiddish-language poets]]
[[Category:Yiddish-language poets]]
[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
[[Category:Jewish people executed by the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Jews executed by the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Ukrainian people executed by the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:20th-century poets]]
[[Category:20th-century poets]]
[[Category:Inmates of Lefortovo Prison]]
[[Category:Executed writers]]

Latest revision as of 09:15, 20 December 2024

Dovid Hofshteyn
Born(1889-06-12)June 12, 1889 [1]
Korostyshiv, Ukraine, Russian Empire
DiedAugust 12, 1952(1952-08-12) (aged 63)
Lubyanka Prison, Moscow, Russia
OccupationPoet
LanguageYiddish
Literary movementmodernism[2]

Dovid Hofshteyn (Yiddish: דוד האָפשטיין Dovid Hofshteyn, Russian: Давид Гофштейн; June 12, 1889 in Korostyshiv – August 12, 1952),[3] also transliterated as David Hofstein, was a Yiddish poet. He was one of the 13 Jewish intellectuals executed on the Night of the Murdered Poets.

Biography

[edit]

He was born in Korostyshiv, near Kyiv,[4] and received a traditional Jewish education; his application to the Kiev University was declined. Hofshteyn began to write in Yiddish, Hebrew, Russian, and Ukrainian. His sister Shifra Kholodenko also became a poet.

After the October Revolution, which he welcomed, Hofshteyn wrote only in Yiddish. He was coeditor of the Moscow Yiddish monthly Shtrom, the last organ of free Jewish expression in the Soviet Union. The poems in which he acclaimed the communist regime established him as one of the Kiev triumvirate of Yiddish poets, along with Leib Kvitko and Peretz Markish.

Hofshteyn's elegies for Jewish communities devastated by the White movement pogroms appeared in 1922, with illustrations by Marc Chagall. Both had worked together as teachers at shelter for Jewish boys in suburban Malakhovka, which housed and employed boys orphaned by Ukrainian pogroms.[5]: 273 

Hofshteyn protested the banning of Hebrew and the persecution of Hebrew writers, arousing the suspicion of the authorities. He therefore emigrated first to Germany and then to Palestine in 1923. In Palestine he wrote both in Hebrew and Yiddish and published in Yiddish the dramatic poem Sha'ul–Der Letster Meylekh fun Yisroel (Saul–The Last King of Israel, 1924) and an expressionistic drama Meshiekhs Tsaytn (Messianic Times, 1925). He returned to Kiev in 1926 only to find himself compelled to write poems adulatory of the Communist Party. In 1939, Hofshteyn became a member of the Communist Party.[6] Hofshteyn hailed the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948; however, in the same year, when Joseph Stalin withdrew his support for Israel, Hofshteyn was arrested, together with Kvitko, Markish and other members of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, first transported to Moscow and then to Siberia. He was executed on the Night of the Murdered Poets (August 12–13, 1952),[7] together with twelve other Yiddish writers and artists. After the death of Stalin, they were posthumously rehabilitated, and Hofshteyn's selected works reappeared in a Russian translation in 1958.

See also

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Liptzin, Sol (1997). "Hofstein, David". Encyclopedia Judaica (CD-ROM Edition Version 1.0). Ed. Cecil Roth. Keter Publishing House. ISBN 965-07-0665-8
  • Brett Winestock: MUSEUMS OF SHAME: Dovid Hofshteyn’s Vision of Holocaust Remembrance, in: ZfL BLOG 2022


References

[edit]
  1. ^ "JewishGen". JewishGen Ukrainian Births.
  2. ^ Abend-David, Dror (2011). "Gender Benders and Unrequited Offerings: Two Hebrew Poems by Rachel Bluwstein-Sela and Dovid Hofshteyn". Prooftexts. 31 (3): 213. doi:10.2979/prooftexts.31.3.210. ISSN 0272-9601. JSTOR 10.2979/prooftexts.31.3.210. S2CID 162381678. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  3. ^ Congress, The Library of. "LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)". id.loc.gov. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
  4. ^ Glaser, Amelia M. (2017). "Jewish Alienation through a Ukrainian Looking Glass: Dovid Hofshteyn's Translations of Taras Shevchenko". Prooftexts. 36 (1–2): 86. doi:10.2979/prooftexts.36.1-2.04. ISSN 0272-9601. JSTOR 10.2979/prooftexts.36.1-2.04. S2CID 165460244. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  5. ^ Wullschlager, Jackie. Chagall: A Biography Knopf, 2008
  6. ^ "YIVO | Hofshteyn, Dovid".
  7. ^ Koller, Sabine; Yakovleva, Tetyana. David Hofstein – between Jewishness and Universalism. Franz Rosenzweig Minerva Research Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Dovid_Hofshteyn&oldid=1264080131"