Kathmandu District: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|District in Bagmati Pradesh, Nepal}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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| native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> |
| native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> |
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| motto = |
| motto = |
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| image_skyline = |
| image_skyline = {{Multiple image |
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| border = infobox |
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| total_width = 300 |
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| image_style = |
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| caption_align = center |
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| perrow = 1/2/2/1 |
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| image1 = Kathmandu - panoramio (2).jpg |
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| caption1 = Kathmandu's skyline with [[Gaurishankar]] visible |
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| image2 = Ghantaghar Kathmandu.jpg |
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| caption2 = [[Ghanta Ghar (Kathmandu)|Ghanta Ghar]] |
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| image3 = DHARAHARA TOWER.jpg |
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| caption3 = [[Dharahara]] |
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| image4 = Pashupatinath Temple-2020.jpg |
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| caption4 = [[Pashupatinath Temple]] |
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| image5 = Narayanhiti Palace Museum, crop.jpg |
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| caption5 = [[Narayanhiti Palace]] |
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| image6 = Kathmandu Durbar Square, Shiva Parvati Temple, Nepal.jpg |
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| caption6 = [[Kathmandu Durbar Square]]}} |
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| image_alt = |
| image_alt = |
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| image_caption = |
| image_caption = |
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| government_type = [[District Coordination Committee|Coordination committee]] |
| government_type = [[District Coordination Committee|Coordination committee]] |
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| governing_body = [[District Coordination Committee|DCC]], Kathmandu |
| governing_body = [[District Coordination Committee|DCC]], Kathmandu |
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| area_magnitude = 1_E+10 |
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| area_footnotes = |
| area_footnotes = |
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| area_total_km2 = 413.69 |
| area_total_km2 = 413.69 |
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| elevation_max_m = |
| elevation_max_m = |
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| population_footnotes = |
| population_footnotes = |
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| population_total = |
| population_total = 1988606 |
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| population_as_of = |
| population_as_of = 2022 |
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| population_density_km2 = |
| population_density_km2 = 4804 |
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| population_note = |
| population_note = |
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| population_rank = |
| population_rank = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Kathmandu District''' ({{ |
'''Kathmandu District''' ({{langx|ne|[[:ne:काठमाडौं जिल्ला|काठमाडौं जिल्ला]]}}{{Audio|Kathmandu.ogg|Listen}}; [[Nepal Bhasa]]: ये: जिल्ला) is a district located in [[Kathmandu Valley]], [[Bagmati Province]] of [[Nepal]]. It is one of the 77 [[districts of Nepal]], covers an area of {{Convert|413.69|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, and is the most densely populated district of Nepal with 1,081,845 inhabitants in 2001, 1,744,240 in 2011 and 2,017,532 in 2021.<ref name="Census 2011 v5">{{Cite web |url=http://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Volume05Part01.pdf |title=National Population and Housing Census 2011 – General and Social Characteristics Table |publisher=Government of Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics |date=February 2014 |volume=5 |pages=9(1),10(2) |access-date=15 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819083426/http://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Volume05Part01.pdf |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal's population is 29,192,480 |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2022/01/27/nepal-s-population-is-29-192-480 |access-date=2022-05-26 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref> The administrative headquarters of Kathmandu district is located in [[Kathmandu]]. The city has 21 post offices which handle mail from across the country and beyond, with Kathmandu DPO having 44,600 as its postal code for international mail delivery services like UPS or DHL Couriers etc. |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Kathmandu district is one of the three districts located in [[Kathmandu Valley]], which itself is located in the hills of [[Bagmati Province]]. The district is located from 27°27 |
Kathmandu district is one of the three districts located in [[Kathmandu Valley]], which itself is located in the hills of [[Bagmati Province]]. The district is located from 27°27{{prime}}E to 27°49{{prime}}E longitude and 85°10{{prime}}N to 85°32{{prime}}N latitude.<ref name="DDC Kathmandu">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Brief_Introduction |title=Brief Introduction |publisher=DDC Kathmandu |access-date=15 August 2014 |language=ne |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819091320/http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Brief_Introduction |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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The district is surrounded by: |
The district is surrounded by: |
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The altitude of the district ranges from {{Convert|1262|m|ft|abbr=on}} to {{Convert|2732|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.<ref name="DDC Kathmandu"/> |
The altitude of the district ranges from {{Convert|1262|m|ft|abbr=on}} to {{Convert|2732|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.<ref name="DDC Kathmandu"/> |
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== |
===Climate=== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
|- |
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| title = The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system |
| title = The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system |
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| series = Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110. |
| series = Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No. 110. |
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| year = 2005 |
| year = 2005 |
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| url = http://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/20497354/de2_001.pdf |
| url = http://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/20497354/de2_001.pdf |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Subtropics|Subtropical]] |
| [[Subtropics|Subtropical]] |
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| 1,000 to 2,000 meters<br>3,300 to 6,600 ft. |
| 1,000 to 2,000 meters<br />3,300 to 6,600 ft. |
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| 88.2% |
| 88.2% |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Temperate climate|Temperate]] |
| [[Temperate climate|Temperate]] |
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| 2,000 to 3,000 meters<br>6,400 to 9,800 ft. |
| 2,000 to 3,000 meters<br />6,400 to 9,800 ft. |
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| 11.8% |
| 11.8% |
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|} |
|} |
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In the urban center, the temperature fluctuates between 32 °C in summer (June–July) to -2 °C in winter (December–January).<ref name="DDC Kathmandu"/> The annual rainfall of the district is 176.4 ml.<ref name="DDC Kathmandu"/> |
In the urban center, the temperature fluctuates between 32 °C in summer (June–July) to -2 °C in winter (December–January). Except for the high hills including Chandragiri which has a temperate climate, Kathmandu district has a subtropical climate. <ref name="DDC Kathmandu">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Brief_Introduction |title=Brief Introduction |publisher=DDC Kathmandu |access-date=15 August 2014 |language=ne |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819091320/http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Brief_Introduction |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The annual rainfall of the district is 176.4 ml.<ref name="DDC Kathmandu"/> |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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Kathmandu district is a part of Kathmandu |
Kathmandu district is a part of Kathmandu Valley, which is a melting pot of various cultural groups, ethnicities, races, languages and religions. This vibrant culture is illustrated in the culture of the natives of the district, known as [[Newar]]s, who are a multiethnic, multiracial, multireligious people bound by a Sanskritized Sino-Tibetan language of Kirat origins known as [[Nepal Bhasa]]. All the ancient settlements of the district have specific street festivals (''[[Jatra (Nepal)|jatras]]'') arranged according to specific dates of the [[Nepal Sambat]] calendar. The main festivals celebrated are: |
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*[[Yanya Punhi]] – literally meaning Kathmandu's full moon, a week-long festival during the Yenla (the month of Kathmandu) of Nepal Sambat, a festival started by [[Gunakamadev]], the founder of Kathmandu city to commemorate the establishment of city |
*[[Yanya Punhi]] – literally meaning Kathmandu's full moon, a week-long festival during the Yenla (the month of Kathmandu) of Nepal Sambat, a festival started by [[Gunakamadev]], the founder of Kathmandu city to commemorate the establishment of the city |
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*[[Gunla]] – a month in which musical bands and ordinary people make pilgrimage to Swayambhunath temple |
*[[Gunla]] – a month in which musical bands and ordinary people make pilgrimage to Swayambhunath temple |
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*[[Mohani]] |
*[[Mohani]] |
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*[[Sa Paru]] – a comic festival to commemorate dead relatives, celebrated during the full moon of Goon la |
*[[Sa Paru]] – a comic festival to commemorate dead relatives, celebrated during the full moon of Goon la |
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*[[Ganesh Chaturthi|Chatha]] – the birthday of Lord [[Ganesha]] of [[Hindu pantheon]] |
*[[Ganesh Chaturthi|Chatha]] – the birthday of Lord [[Ganesha]] of [[Hindu pantheon]] |
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*[[Holi]] |
*[[Holi]]l |
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*[[Pahan Chare]] – a festival of [[Animist]] origin celebrated by procession of matriarchs of Kathmandu |
*[[Pahan Chare]] – a festival of [[Animist]] origin celebrated by procession of matriarchs of Kathmandu |
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*[[Shree Panchami]] – in the past children used to formally start education on this day. Presently, deities of wisdom, [[Saraswati]] and [[Manjushree]] (the mythological founder of the valley) are worshipped on this day |
*[[Shree Panchami]] – in the past children used to formally start education on this day. Presently, deities of wisdom, [[Saraswati]] and [[Manjushree]] (the mythological founder of the valley) are worshipped on this day |
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The district consists of 10 [[Municipality|Municipalities]] and 1 Metrocity.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Municipality |url=http://www.lgcdp.gov.np/home/map_newmunicipality.php |website=LGCDP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111164502/http://www.lgcdp.gov.np/home/map_newmunicipality.php |archive-date=11 January 2016 }}</ref> These are as follows: |
The district consists of 10 [[Municipality|Municipalities]] and 1 Metrocity.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Municipality |url=http://www.lgcdp.gov.np/home/map_newmunicipality.php |website=LGCDP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111164502/http://www.lgcdp.gov.np/home/map_newmunicipality.php |archive-date=11 January 2016 }}</ref> These are as follows: |
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=== Major cities === |
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*[[Budanilkantha]] |
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Cities and towns with 75,000+ population of Kathmandu district as per [[2021 Nepal census]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2022/01/Final%20Preliminary%20Report%20of%20Census%202021%20Newfinal.pdf |title=Archived copy |website=cbs.gov.np |access-date=22 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220206104652/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2022/01/Final%20Preliminary%20Report%20of%20Census%202021%20Newfinal.pdf |archive-date=6 February 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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*[[Chandragiri Municipality|Chandragiri]] |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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*[[Dakshinkali]] |
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|+ |
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*[[Gokarneshwar]] |
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!Rank |
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*[[Kageshwari Manohara]] |
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!Name |
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*[[Kathmandu]]-Metrocity |
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!Population ([[2021 Nepal census|2021]]) |
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*[[Kirtipur]] |
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!Area (km<sup>2</sup>) |
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*[[Nagarjun Municipality|Nagarjun]] |
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!Density (/km<sup>2</sup>) |
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*[[Shankharapur]] |
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!Major Neighbourhoods and Towns |
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*[[Tarakeshwar]] |
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|- |
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*[[Tokha]] |
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|1 |
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|[[Kathmandu Metropolitan City]] |
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|845,767 |
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|49.45<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kathmandu.gov.np/en |title=Kathmandu Metropolitan City {{pipe}} Government of Nepal |website=www.kathmandu.gov.np |access-date=22 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902184809/http://www.kathmandu.gov.np/en |archive-date=2 September 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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|{{density|845,767|49.45}} |
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|[[New Road of Kathmandu]], [[Thamel]], [[Durbar Marg]], [[Baluwatar, Kathmandu|Baluwatar]], [[Samakhushi]], [[Chabahil]], [[Baneshwar]], [[Koteshwor]], [[Sinamangal|Pepsicola]], [[Sinamangal]] |
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|- |
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|2 |
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|[[Budhanilkantha]] |
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|179,688 |
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|34.8<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.budhanilkanthamun.gov.np/en |title=Budhanilkantha Municipality Office {{pipe}} Government of Nepal |website=www.budhanilkanthamun.gov.np |access-date=22 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902225842/http://www.budhanilkanthamun.gov.np/en |archive-date=2 September 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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|{{density|179,688|34.8}} |
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|[[Kapan, Nepal|Kapan]], Sukedhara, Golfutar, Mandikhatar, Hattigauda, Budhanilkantha |
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|- |
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|3 |
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|[[Tarakeshwar]] |
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|151,508 |
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|54.95<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tarakeshwormun.gov.np/en |title=Tarakeshwor Municipality {{pipe}} Office of the Municipal Executive |website=www.tarakeshwormun.gov.np |access-date=22 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830110857/http://www.tarakeshwormun.gov.np/en |archive-date=30 August 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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|{{density|151,508|54.95}} |
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|[[Dharmasthali]], Manamaiju, Goldhunga |
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|- |
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|4 |
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|[[Gokarneshwar]] |
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|151,200 |
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|58.5<ref>{{cite web | url=http://gokarneshwormun.gov.np/en | title=Gokarneshwor Municipality {{pipe}} Municipality OfficeBagmati Pradesh, JorpatiKathmandu, Nepal }}</ref> |
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|{{density|151,200|58.5}} |
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|[[Jorpati]], Nayabasti, [[Gokarneshwar|Gokarna]] |
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|- |
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|5 |
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|[[Chandragiri Municipality|Chandragiri]] |
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|136,928 |
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|43.9 |
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|{{density|136,928|43.9}} |
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| [[Naikap Naya Bhanjyang|Naikap]], [[Balambu]], [[Satungal]], [[Machhegaun]], [[Dahachok|Dahachock]], [[Thankot]], [[Matatirtha]], [[Nagdhunga tunnel|Nagdhunga]] |
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|- |
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|6 |
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|[[Tokha]] |
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|135,741 |
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|17.11 |
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|{{density|135,741|17.11}} |
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|[[Gonggabu]], [[Dhapasi]], Tokha |
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|- |
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|7 |
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|[[Kageshwari-Manohara]] |
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|133,327 |
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|27.38 |
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|{{density|133,327|27.38}} |
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|Kadaghari, [[Gothatar]], Thali, Danchhi |
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|- |
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|8 |
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|[[Nagarjun Municipality|Nagarjun]] |
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|115,507 |
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|29.85 |
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|{{density|115,507|29.85}} |
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| Kalanki, [[Syuchatar]], Sitapaila |
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|- |
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|9 |
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|[[Kirtipur]] |
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|81,782 |
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|14.76 |
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|{{density|81,782|14.76}} |
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|Kirtipur |
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|} |
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====Minor municipalities ==== |
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*[[Dakshinkali|Dakshinkali Municipality]] |
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*[[Shankharapur|Shankharapur Municipality]] |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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{{Historical populations |
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The total population of the district is 1,744,240 out of which 913,001 are male and 831,239 female in 436,355 households. |
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|year_name = Census year |
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|footnote = |
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|source = Citypopulation<ref>{{cite web |title=NEPAL: Administrative Division |url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/nepal/admin/ |website=www.citypopulation.de |language=en}}</ref> |
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|1981 |422,237 |
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|1991 |675,341 |
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|2001 |1,081,845 |
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|2011 |1,744,240 |
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|2021 |2,017,532 |
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}} |
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At the time of the [[2011 Nepal census]], Kathmandu District had a population of 1,744,240, out of which 913,001 were male and 831,239 female in 436,355 households. |
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Average family size was 4.6 in 2001 and 4.0 in 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Statistical_reports |title=DDC Kathmandu statistical report |access-date=8 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819012207/http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Statistical_reports |archive-date=19 August 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
Average family size was 4.6 in 2001 and 4.0 in 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Statistical_reports |title=DDC Kathmandu statistical report |access-date=8 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819012207/http://www.ddcktm.gov.np/infopage.php?pagename=Statistical_reports |archive-date=19 August 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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{{Pie chart |
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62.7% of the population speak [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 16.9% [[Newar language|Newari]], 8.3% [[Tamang language|Tamang]], 2.1% [[Maithili language|Maithili]], 1.2% [[Gurung language|Gurung]], 1.2% [[Magar language|Magar]], 1.2% [[Sherpa language|Sherpa]], 1.1% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 1.1% [[Hindi]], 0.9% Rai and 0.6% [[Tharu language|Tharu]] as their [[first language]]. |
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|caption=language in Kathmandu District |
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|label1=Nepali|value1=63|color1=orange |
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|label2=Newari|value2=17|color2=red |
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|label3=Magar|value3=8|color3=blue |
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|label4=Maithili|value4=2|color4=violet |
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|label5=Others|value5=10|color5=black |
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}} |
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As their first language, 62.6% spoke [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 17.3% [[Newar language|Newar]], 8.3% [[Tamang language|Tamang]], 2.1% [[Maithili language|Maithili]], 1.2% [[Gurung language|Gurung]], 1.2% [[Magar language|Magar]], 1.1% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 1.1% [[Hindi]], 1.1% [[Sherpa language|Sherpa]], 0.9% [[Kiranti languages|Rai]], 0.6% [[Tharu languages|Tharu]], 0.3% [[Limbu language|Limbu]], 0.3% [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]], 0.3% [[Urdu]], 0.2% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 0.1% [[Doteli]], 0.1% [[Sunwar language|Sunuwar]], 0.1% [[Thakali language|Thakali]], 0.1% [[Lhasa Tibetan|Tibetan]], 0.1% [[Yolmo language|Yolmo]] and 0.2% other languages.<ref> NepalMap Language [https://nepalmap.org/data/table/?table=LANGUAGE&primary_geo_id=district-35&geo_ids=district-35,province-3,country-NP]</ref> |
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Ethnicity/caste: 23.7% were [[Bahun|Hill Brahmin]], 22.3% [[Newar people|Newar]], 19.8% [[Chhetri]], 10.9% [[Tamang people|Tamang]], 4.0% [[Magars|Magar]], 2.6% [[Gurung people|Gurung]], 2.3% [[Rai people|Rai]], 1.3% [[Sherpa people|Sherpa]], 1.2% [[Nepalese Muslims|Musalman]], 1.1% [[Kami (caste)|Kami]], 1.1% [[Thakuri]], 1.0% [[Tharu people|Tharu]], 0.8% [[Marwari people|Marwadi]], 0.7% [[Damai]]/Dholi, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.6% [[Limbu people|Limbu]], 0.5% other [[Dalit]], 0.4% [[Teli]], 0.3% Gharti/[[Bhujel]], 0.3% [[Kalwar (caste)|Kalwar]], 0.3% Kathabaniyan, 0.3% [[Sarki (ethnic group)|Sarki]], 0.3% other Terai, 0.3% [[Yadav]], 0.2% [[Bengalis|Bengali]], 0.2% [[Hajjam|Hajam]]/Thakur, 0.2% Majhi, 0.2% [[Sunuwar people|Sunuwar]], 0.2% [[Thakali people|Thakali]], 0.1% [[Badi people|Badi]], 0.1% [[Bhotiya|Bhote]], 0.1% Terai [[Brahmin]], 0.1% Danuwar, 0.1% [[Dhanuk]], 0.1% foreigners, 0.1% [[Ghale]], 0.1% [[Halwai]], 0.1% [[Kandu|Kanu]], 0.1% [[Kayastha]], 0.1% [[Koeri|Koiri]]/[[Kushwaha]], 0.1% [[Kumal people|Kumal]], 0.1% [[Rajput]], 0.1% Sudhi, 0.1% [[Yolmo people|Yolmo]] and 0.1% others.<ref> NepalMap Caste [https://nepalmap.org/data/table/?table=CASTE&primary_geo_id=district-35&geo_ids=district-35,province-3,country-NP]</ref> |
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{{Pie chart|value1=80.3|value2=15.4|value3=2.3|value4=1|value5=1|color1=orange|color2=Yellow|color3=blue|color4=green|color5=grey|caption=Religion in Kathmandu|label1=Hinduism|label2=Buddhism|label3=Christianity|label4=Islam|label5=Others}} |
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<ref>{{cite web |title=NepalMap profile: Kathmandu |url=https://nepalmap.org/profiles/district-35-kathmandu/ |website=NepalMap |access-date=16 July 2022}}</ref> |
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Religion: 80.3% were [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hindu]], 15.4% [[Buddhism in Nepal|Buddhist]], 2.3% [[Christianity in Nepal|Christian]], 1% [[Islam in Nepal|Muslim]], 0.8% [[Kirat Mundhum|Kirati]], 0.1% [[Animism|Prakriti]] and 0.1% others.<ref> NepalMap Religion [https://nepalmap.org/data/table/?table=RELIGION&primary_geo_id=district-35&geo_ids=district-35,province-3,country-NP]</ref> |
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Literacy: 86.1% could read and write, 1.6% could only read and 12.4% could neither read nor write.<ref> NepalMap Literacy [https://nepalmap.org/data/table/?table=LITERACY_SEX&primary_geo_id=district-35&geo_ids=district-35,province-3,country-NP]</ref> |
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32.9% of the population in the district speak [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 2.1% [[English language|English]], 0.6% [[Newar language|Newari]] and 0.6% [[Hindi]] as their [[second language]].<ref>[https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf 2011 Nepal Census, Social Characteristics Tables]</ref> |
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==Hospitals== |
==Hospitals== |
Latest revision as of 14:13, 20 December 2024
Kathmandu District
काठमाडौं जिल्ला | |
---|---|
Kathmandu's skyline with Gaurishankar visible | |
Country | Nepal |
Province | Bagmati Province |
Admin HQ. | Kathmandu |
Government | |
• Type | Coordination committee |
• Body | DCC, Kathmandu |
Area | |
• Total | 413.69 km2 (159.73 sq mi) |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 1,988,606 |
• Density | 4,804/km2 (12,440/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+05:45 (NPT) |
Main Language(s) | |
Website | Official website |
Kathmandu District (Nepali: काठमाडौं जिल्लाⓘ; Nepal Bhasa: ये: जिल्ला) is a district located in Kathmandu Valley, Bagmati Province of Nepal. It is one of the 77 districts of Nepal, covers an area of 413.69 km2 (159.73 sq mi), and is the most densely populated district of Nepal with 1,081,845 inhabitants in 2001, 1,744,240 in 2011 and 2,017,532 in 2021.[1][2] The administrative headquarters of Kathmandu district is located in Kathmandu. The city has 21 post offices which handle mail from across the country and beyond, with Kathmandu DPO having 44,600 as its postal code for international mail delivery services like UPS or DHL Couriers etc.
Geography
[edit]Kathmandu district is one of the three districts located in Kathmandu Valley, which itself is located in the hills of Bagmati Province. The district is located from 27°27′E to 27°49′E longitude and 85°10′N to 85°32′N latitude.[3]
The district is surrounded by:
- East: Bhaktapur District and Kavrepalanchok District
- West: Dhading District and Nuwakot District
- North: Nuwakot District and Sindhupalchok District
- South: Lalitpur District and Makwanpur District
The altitude of the district ranges from 1,262 m (4,140 ft) to 2,732 m (8,963 ft) above sea level.[3]
Climate
[edit]Climate Zone[4] | Elevation Range | % of Area |
---|---|---|
Subtropical | 1,000 to 2,000 meters 3,300 to 6,600 ft. |
88.2% |
Temperate | 2,000 to 3,000 meters 6,400 to 9,800 ft. |
11.8% |
In the urban center, the temperature fluctuates between 32 °C in summer (June–July) to -2 °C in winter (December–January). Except for the high hills including Chandragiri which has a temperate climate, Kathmandu district has a subtropical climate. [3] The annual rainfall of the district is 176.4 ml.[3]
Culture
[edit]Kathmandu district is a part of Kathmandu Valley, which is a melting pot of various cultural groups, ethnicities, races, languages and religions. This vibrant culture is illustrated in the culture of the natives of the district, known as Newars, who are a multiethnic, multiracial, multireligious people bound by a Sanskritized Sino-Tibetan language of Kirat origins known as Nepal Bhasa. All the ancient settlements of the district have specific street festivals (jatras) arranged according to specific dates of the Nepal Sambat calendar. The main festivals celebrated are:
- Yanya Punhi – literally meaning Kathmandu's full moon, a week-long festival during the Yenla (the month of Kathmandu) of Nepal Sambat, a festival started by Gunakamadev, the founder of Kathmandu city to commemorate the establishment of the city
- Gunla – a month in which musical bands and ordinary people make pilgrimage to Swayambhunath temple
- Mohani
- Dashain – the main festival of Nepal, celebrated by visiting the various Shaktipeeths around the city
- Shivaratri – a very special festival in which people make small fire all around the city and take different types of toxic[clarification needed] in order to show[clarification needed] love to Lord Shiva
- Buddha Jayanti
- Sa Paru – a comic festival to commemorate dead relatives, celebrated during the full moon of Goon la
- Chatha – the birthday of Lord Ganesha of Hindu pantheon
- Holil
- Pahan Chare – a festival of Animist origin celebrated by procession of matriarchs of Kathmandu
- Shree Panchami – in the past children used to formally start education on this day. Presently, deities of wisdom, Saraswati and Manjushree (the mythological founder of the valley) are worshipped on this day
- Swanti or Tihar – a five-day festival, the third day of which is called Laxmi Puja, when the families do their annual financial calculation and the next day marks the New Year according to Nepalese calendar, Nepal Sambat.
Along with these festivals, with the influx of population from other parts of Nepal, India, Tibet and South Asia, other festivals such as Teej, Chhath, Sakela, Lhosar, Janai Purnima, Deuda etc. are also celebrated.
Economy
[edit]Most of the offices and industries of Nepal are in Kathmandu. The major economic hubs are New Road, Durbar Marg, Putalisadak, Asan. The district exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, pashmina, paper etc. Tourism is one of the main industries of the district. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit various religious places located in the district such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath, Buddhanilkantha etc. Freak Street and Thamel are noted tourist destinations for Western tourists.
Education
[edit]Kathmandu district is the pioneer district in education in many aspects in Nepal. Durbar High School (the first school of Nepal), Trichandra College (the first college of Nepal), Padma Kanya College (the first women's college) are all located in Kathmandu city. Tribhuwan University, the first university of Nepal, is located in Kirtipur municipality of Kathmandu district. Besides these, thousands of educational institutions are located in the district which enrolls students from Nepal, India, Bangladesh etc.
Administration
[edit]The district consists of 10 Municipalities and 1 Metrocity.[5] These are as follows:
Major cities
[edit]Cities and towns with 75,000+ population of Kathmandu district as per 2021 Nepal census.[6]
Rank | Name | Population (2021) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | Major Neighbourhoods and Towns |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kathmandu Metropolitan City | 845,767 | 49.45[7] | 17,103 | New Road of Kathmandu, Thamel, Durbar Marg, Baluwatar, Samakhushi, Chabahil, Baneshwar, Koteshwor, Pepsicola, Sinamangal |
2 | Budhanilkantha | 179,688 | 34.8[8] | 5,163 | Kapan, Sukedhara, Golfutar, Mandikhatar, Hattigauda, Budhanilkantha |
3 | Tarakeshwar | 151,508 | 54.95[9] | 2,757 | Dharmasthali, Manamaiju, Goldhunga |
4 | Gokarneshwar | 151,200 | 58.5[10] | 2,585 | Jorpati, Nayabasti, Gokarna |
5 | Chandragiri | 136,928 | 43.9 | 3,119 | Naikap, Balambu, Satungal, Machhegaun, Dahachock, Thankot, Matatirtha, Nagdhunga |
6 | Tokha | 135,741 | 17.11 | 7,933 | Gonggabu, Dhapasi, Tokha |
7 | Kageshwari-Manohara | 133,327 | 27.38 | 4,870 | Kadaghari, Gothatar, Thali, Danchhi |
8 | Nagarjun | 115,507 | 29.85 | 3,870 | Kalanki, Syuchatar, Sitapaila |
9 | Kirtipur | 81,782 | 14.76 | 5,541 | Kirtipur |
Minor municipalities
[edit]Demographics
[edit]Census year | Pop. | ±% p.a. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1981 | 422,237 | — | ||
1991 | 675,341 | +4.81% | ||
2001 | 1,081,845 | +4.82% | ||
2011 | 1,744,240 | +4.89% | ||
2021 | 2,017,532 | +1.47% | ||
| ||||
Source: Citypopulation[11] |
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Kathmandu District had a population of 1,744,240, out of which 913,001 were male and 831,239 female in 436,355 households. Average family size was 4.6 in 2001 and 4.0 in 2011 [12]
As their first language, 62.6% spoke Nepali, 17.3% Newar, 8.3% Tamang, 2.1% Maithili, 1.2% Gurung, 1.2% Magar, 1.1% Bhojpuri, 1.1% Hindi, 1.1% Sherpa, 0.9% Rai, 0.6% Tharu, 0.3% Limbu, 0.3% Rajasthani, 0.3% Urdu, 0.2% Bengali, 0.1% Doteli, 0.1% Sunuwar, 0.1% Thakali, 0.1% Tibetan, 0.1% Yolmo and 0.2% other languages.[13]
Ethnicity/caste: 23.7% were Hill Brahmin, 22.3% Newar, 19.8% Chhetri, 10.9% Tamang, 4.0% Magar, 2.6% Gurung, 2.3% Rai, 1.3% Sherpa, 1.2% Musalman, 1.1% Kami, 1.1% Thakuri, 1.0% Tharu, 0.8% Marwadi, 0.7% Damai/Dholi, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.6% Limbu, 0.5% other Dalit, 0.4% Teli, 0.3% Gharti/Bhujel, 0.3% Kalwar, 0.3% Kathabaniyan, 0.3% Sarki, 0.3% other Terai, 0.3% Yadav, 0.2% Bengali, 0.2% Hajam/Thakur, 0.2% Majhi, 0.2% Sunuwar, 0.2% Thakali, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Bhote, 0.1% Terai Brahmin, 0.1% Danuwar, 0.1% Dhanuk, 0.1% foreigners, 0.1% Ghale, 0.1% Halwai, 0.1% Kanu, 0.1% Kayastha, 0.1% Koiri/Kushwaha, 0.1% Kumal, 0.1% Rajput, 0.1% Sudhi, 0.1% Yolmo and 0.1% others.[14]
Religion: 80.3% were Hindu, 15.4% Buddhist, 2.3% Christian, 1% Muslim, 0.8% Kirati, 0.1% Prakriti and 0.1% others.[16]
Literacy: 86.1% could read and write, 1.6% could only read and 12.4% could neither read nor write.[17]
Hospitals
[edit]- Bir Hospital
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital
- Chhetrapati Free Hospital (Chhetrapati Nishulka Chikitsalaya)
- Babukaji Memorial Hospital
- Gangalal Hridaya Kendra
- Manmohan Memorial Hospital
- Tilganga Eye Hospital
See also
[edit]- Zones of Nepal (Former)
- Kathmandu Metropolitan City
- Kathmandu Valley
- Kathmandu
- Kirtipur
- Sanglekhola
- Pasikot
References
[edit]- ^ "National Population and Housing Census 2011 – General and Social Characteristics Table" (PDF). Government of Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. February 2014. pp. 9(1), 10(2). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
- ^ "Nepal's population is 29,192,480". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Brief Introduction" (in Nepali). DDC Kathmandu. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
- ^ The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system (PDF), Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No. 110., 2005, ISBN 87-7903-210-9, retrieved 22 November 2013
- ^ "New Municipality". LGCDP. Archived from the original on 11 January 2016.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). cbs.gov.np. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Kathmandu Metropolitan City | Government of Nepal". www.kathmandu.gov.np. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ "Budhanilkantha Municipality Office | Government of Nepal". www.budhanilkanthamun.gov.np. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ "Tarakeshwor Municipality | Office of the Municipal Executive". www.tarakeshwormun.gov.np. Archived from the original on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ "Gokarneshwor Municipality | Municipality OfficeBagmati Pradesh, JorpatiKathmandu, Nepal".
- ^ "NEPAL: Administrative Division". www.citypopulation.de.
- ^ "DDC Kathmandu statistical report". Archived from the original on 19 August 2009. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ^ NepalMap Language [1]
- ^ NepalMap Caste [2]
- ^ "NepalMap profile: Kathmandu". NepalMap. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ NepalMap Religion [3]
- ^ NepalMap Literacy [4]