MMRV vaccine: Difference between revisions

MMRV vaccine
Combination of
Measles vaccine	Vaccine
Mumps vaccine	Vaccine
Rubella vaccine	Vaccine
Varicella vaccine	Vaccine
Clinical data
Trade names	Proquad, Priorix Tetra
Other names	Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US DailyMed: Proquad;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B2; ;
Routes of; administration	Subcutaneous, intramuscular
ATC code	J07BD54 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only / Schedule D; US: ℞-only; EU: Rx-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Identifiers
CAS Number	1704519-64-1 ;
ChemSpider	none;
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The MMRV vaccine is a combination vaccine which combines the attenuated virus measles, mumps, rubella (German measles), and varicella (chickenpox). The MMRV vaccine has similar immunogenicity and overall safety profiles to the MMR vaccine administered with or without the varicella vaccine. The MMRV vaccine is typically given to children between one and two years of age.^[8]

Several companies supply MMRV vaccines. Proquad is marketed by Merck and was approved in 2005, for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for children ages twelve months through twelve years. An MMRV vaccine called Priorix Tetra^[9]^[10] by GlaxoSmithKline has been approved in Germany and Australia.^[11]^[12]^[13]

Recommendations

The MMRV vaccine, a combined MMR and varicella vaccine, simplifies the administration of the vaccines.^[14] One 2008 study indicated a rate of febrile seizures of 9 per 10,000 vaccinations with MMRV, as opposed to 4 per 10,000 for separate MMR and varicella shots; U.S. health officials known as the ACIP therefore do not express a preference for use of MMRV vaccine over separate injections.^[15]^[16]

Adverse events

Rare but serious adverse events reported following Proquad vaccination include allergic reactions, including swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; difficulty breathing or closing of the throat; hives; paleness; weakness; dizziness; a fast heartbeat; deafness; long-term seizures, coma, or lowered consciousness; seizures (jerking or staring) caused by fever; or temporary low platelet count.^[17]

For children aged two and younger, the MMRV vaccine is associated with significantly more adverse events compared to separate administration of MMR and varicella vaccinations on the same day.^[17] There are 4.3 additional febrile seizures per 10,000 vaccinated children (95% CI 2.6–5.6), 7.5 additional mostly mild fever episodes per 100 vaccinated children (95% CI, 5.4–9.4) and 1.1 additional measles-like rash per 100 children (95% CI, 0.2–1.8). Febrile seizures caused by the MMRV vaccine occur 7 to 10 days after vaccination. In children age 4–6, there is no evidence for an increased risk in febrile seizures after the administration of Proquad compared to the separate administration of MMR and Varicella vaccines.^[18]^[19]

Legal status

Proquad was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2005, ^[20]^[21] in the European Union in April 2006,^[7] in Australia in February 2007,^[2] and in Canada in May 2014.^[4]

Priorix Tetra was approved for medical use in Australia in November 2005,^[3] and in Canada in June 2008.^[5]

References

^ "Measles virus vaccine/mumps virus vaccine/rubella virus vaccine/varicella virus vaccine (Proquad) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 16 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Proquad measles mumps rubella varicella live virus vaccine injection vial with prefilled diluent syringe (126157)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 26 May 2022. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Priorix-Tetra vaccine 0.5mL powder for injection vial with diluent syringe (107286)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 26 May 2022. Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Proquad Product information". Health Canada. 9 May 2014. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Priorix Tetra Product information". Health Canada. 4 June 2008. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
^ "DailyMed - Proquad- measles, mumps, rubella and varicella virus vaccine live injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension". Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Proquad EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 6 April 2006. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
^ Kowalzik F, Faber J, Knuf M (August 2018). "MMR and MMRV vaccines". Vaccine. Progress in Vaccines. 36 (36): 5402–5407. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.051. PMID 28757060.
^ Wellington K, Goa KL (2003). "Measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (Priorix; GSK-MMR): a review of its use in the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella". Drugs. 63 (19): 2107–2126. doi:10.2165/00003495-200363190-00012. PMID 12962524. S2CID 46973762.
^ "GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Trial Register". GlaxoSmithKline. Archived from the original on 30 November 2007. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
^ "Priorix-tetra". The Australian Immunisation Handbook. 4 June 2018. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
^ Bauchau V, Van Holle L, Cohen C (November 2015). "Modelling Hospitalisation Ratios for Febrile Convulsions and Severe Varicella Under Combined Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (MMRV-Priorix-Tetra) Compared to Separate MMR + V Vaccination". Drug Safety. 38 (11): 1095–1102. doi:10.1007/s40264-015-0326-4. PMC 4608986. PMID 26251259.
^ "PEI Table of vaccines for measles with a valid marketing authorisation". PEI, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel (in German). 19 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
^ Vesikari T, Sadzot-Delvaux C, Rentier B, Gershon A (July 2007). "Increasing coverage and efficiency of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and introducing universal varicella vaccination in Europe: a role for the combined vaccine". The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 26 (7): 632–638. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3180616c8f. PMID 17596807. S2CID 41981427.
^ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (March 2008). "Update: recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding administration of combination MMRV vaccine" (PDF). MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 57 (10): 258–260. PMID 18340332. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
^ Marin M, Broder KR, Temte JL, Snider DE, Seward JF (May 2010). "Use of combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)" (PDF). MMWR. Recommendations and Reports. 59 (RR-3): 1–12. PMID 20448530. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b "MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) VIS". CDC. 21 May 2010. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015.
^ Klein NP, Fireman B, Yih WK, Lewis E, Kulldorff M, Ray P, et al. (July 2010). "Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine and the risk of febrile seizures". Pediatrics. 126 (1): e1 – e8. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-0665. PMID 20587679.
^ "CBER clinical review of studies submitted in support of licensure of Proquad" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. August 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^ "Proquad". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 23 July 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
^ "Proquad". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). STN: 125108. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.

External links

"MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) Vaccine Information Statement". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). August 2021.

[Drugs.com_pregnancy-1] "Measles virus vaccine/mumps virus vaccine/rubella virus vaccine/varicella virus vaccine (Proquad) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 16 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

[Proquad_AU-2] "Proquad measles mumps rubella varicella live virus vaccine injection vial with prefilled diluent syringe (126157)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 26 May 2022. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

[Priorix-Tetra_AU-3] "Priorix-Tetra vaccine 0.5mL powder for injection vial with diluent syringe (107286)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 26 May 2022. Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

[Proquad_CA-4] "Proquad Product information". Health Canada. 9 May 2014. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

[Priorix-Tetra_CA-5] "Priorix Tetra Product information". Health Canada. 4 June 2008. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

[6] "DailyMed - Proquad- measles, mumps, rubella and varicella virus vaccine live injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension". Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.

[Proquad_EPAR-7] "Proquad EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 6 April 2006. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.

[8] Kowalzik F, Faber J, Knuf M (August 2018). "MMR and MMRV vaccines". Vaccine. Progress in Vaccines. 36 (36): 5402–5407. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.051. PMID 28757060.

[9] Wellington K, Goa KL (2003). "Measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (Priorix; GSK-MMR): a review of its use in the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella". Drugs. 63 (19): 2107–2126. doi:10.2165/00003495-200363190-00012. PMID 12962524. S2CID 46973762.

[10] "GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Trial Register". GlaxoSmithKline. Archived from the original on 30 November 2007. Retrieved 19 October 2019.

[11] "Priorix-tetra". The Australian Immunisation Handbook. 4 June 2018. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2019.

[12] Bauchau V, Van Holle L, Cohen C (November 2015). "Modelling Hospitalisation Ratios for Febrile Convulsions and Severe Varicella Under Combined Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (MMRV-Priorix-Tetra) Compared to Separate MMR + V Vaccination". Drug Safety. 38 (11): 1095–1102. doi:10.1007/s40264-015-0326-4. PMC 4608986. PMID 26251259.

[13] "PEI Table of vaccines for measles with a valid marketing authorisation". PEI, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel (in German). 19 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2019.

[Vesikari-14] Vesikari T, Sadzot-Delvaux C, Rentier B, Gershon A (July 2007). "Increasing coverage and efficiency of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and introducing universal varicella vaccination in Europe: a role for the combined vaccine". The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 26 (7): 632–638. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3180616c8f. PMID 17596807. S2CID 41981427.

[klein08-15] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (March 2008). "Update: recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding administration of combination MMRV vaccine" (PDF). MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 57 (10): 258–260. PMID 18340332. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2021.

[16] Marin M, Broder KR, Temte JL, Snider DE, Seward JF (May 2010). "Use of combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)" (PDF). MMWR. Recommendations and Reports. 59 (RR-3): 1–12. PMID 20448530. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

[:0-17] "MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) VIS". CDC. 21 May 2010. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015.

[18] Klein NP, Fireman B, Yih WK, Lewis E, Kulldorff M, Ray P, et al. (July 2010). "Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine and the risk of febrile seizures". Pediatrics. 126 (1): e1 – e8. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-0665. PMID 20587679.

[cber-19] "CBER clinical review of studies submitted in support of licensure of Proquad" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. August 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2019.

[20] "Proquad". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 23 July 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2020.

[21] "Proquad". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). STN: 125108. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|Combination vaccine against measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella viruses}}
+{{Short description|Combination vaccine against measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella viruses}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
+{{cs1 config |name-list-style=vanc |display-authors=6}}
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+{{Infobox drug
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 | type = combo
 | image =
 | caption =
 <!-- Combo data -->
@@ Line 19: / Line 20: @@
 <!-- Clinical data -->
-| tradename =  ProQuad, Priorix Tetra
+| tradename = Proquad, Priorix Tetra
 | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|measles-mumps-and-rubella-vaccine}}
-| DailyMedID = ProQuad
+| MedlinePlus =
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 | pregnancy_AU = B2
-| pregnancy_AU_comment = <ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{cite web | title=Measles virus vaccine / mumps virus vaccine / rubella virus vaccine / varicella virus vaccine (ProQuad) Use During Pregnancy | website=Drugs.com | date=16 October 2019 | url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/measles-virus-vaccine-mumps-virus-vaccine-rubella-virus-vaccine-varicella-virus-vaccine.html | access-date=26 January 2020}}</ref>
+| pregnancy_AU_comment = <ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{cite web | title=Measles virus vaccine/mumps virus vaccine/rubella virus vaccine/varicella virus vaccine (Proquad) Use During Pregnancy | website=Drugs.com | date=16 October 2019 | url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/measles-virus-vaccine-mumps-virus-vaccine-rubella-virus-vaccine-varicella-virus-vaccine.html | access-date=26 January 2020 | archive-date=19 October 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019060824/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/measles-virus-vaccine-mumps-virus-vaccine-rubella-virus-vaccine-varicella-virus-vaccine.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
+| pregnancy_category =
-| pregnancy_US = X
+| routes_of_administration = [[Subcutaneous injection|Subcutaneous]], [[Intramuscular injection|intramuscular]]
-| pregnancy_US_comment = <ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy" />
+| ATC_prefix = J07
-| pregnancy_category =
+| ATC_suffix = BD54
+| ATC_supplemental =
+<!-- Legal status -->
 | legal_AU = S4
+| legal_AU_comment = <ref name="Proquad AU" /><ref name="Priorix-Tetra AU" />
-| legal_CA = <!-- Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
-| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C -->
+| legal_BR = <!-- OTC, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D1, D2, E, F -->
+| legal_BR_comment =
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+| legal_CA_comment = /{{nbsp}}Schedule D<ref name="Proquad CA">{{cite web | title=Proquad Product information | website=[[Health Canada]] | date=9 May 2014 | url=https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info?lang=eng&code=88411 | access-date=10 June 2024 | archive-date=10 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610050012/https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info?lang=eng&code=88411 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Priorix-Tetra CA">{{cite web | title=Priorix Tetra Product information | website=[[Health Canada]] | date=4 June 2008 | url=https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info?lang=eng&code=78322 | access-date=10 June 2024 | archive-date=10 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610050056/https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info?lang=eng&code=78322 | url-status=live }}</ref>
+| legal_DE = <!-- Anlage I, II, III or Unscheduled -->
+| legal_DE_comment =
+| legal_NZ = <!-- Class A, B, C -->
+| legal_NZ_comment =
+| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, CD Lic, CD POM, CD No Reg POM, CD (Benz) POM, CD (Anab) POM or CD Inv POM / Class A, B, C -->
+| legal_UK_comment =
 | legal_US = Rx-only
-| legal_US_comment = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=73eae9fc-507b-4c9c-883d-63eb2e3cc6f6|title=DailyMed - PROQUAD- measles, mumps, rubella and varicella virus vaccine live injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension}}</ref>
+| legal_US_comment = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=73eae9fc-507b-4c9c-883d-63eb2e3cc6f6|title=DailyMed - Proquad- measles, mumps, rubella and varicella virus vaccine live injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=6 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406003810/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=73eae9fc-507b-4c9c-883d-63eb2e3cc6f6|url-status=live}}</ref>
 | legal_EU = Rx-only
-| legal_EU_comment = <ref name="ProQuad EPAR" />
+| legal_EU_comment = <ref name="Proquad EPAR" />
+| legal_UN = <!-- N I, II, III, IV / P I, II, III, IV -->
+| legal_UN_comment =
 | legal_status = Rx-only
-| routes_of_administration = [[Subcutaneous injection|Subcutaneous]], [[Intramuscular injection|intramuscular]]
-| ATC_prefix = J07
-| ATC_suffix = BD54
 <!-- Identifiers -->
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-| PubChem =
+| ChEBI =
+| ChEMBL =
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+| synonyms = Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live
-| DrugBank =
 }}
-The '''MMRV vaccine''' combines the [[attenuated virus]] [[MMR vaccine|MMR]] ([[measles]], [[mumps]], [[rubella]]) vaccine with the addition of the [[chickenpox]] [[varicella vaccine|vaccine]] or varicella vaccine ('''V''' stands for [[varicella]]). The MMRV vaccine is typically given to children between one and two years of age.
+The '''MMRV vaccine''' is a combination [[vaccine]] which combines the attenuated virus [[Measles vaccine|measles]], [[Mumps vaccine|mumps]], [[Rubella vaccine|rubella]] (German measles), and [[Varicella vaccine|varicella]] (chickenpox). The MMRV vaccine has similar [[immunogenicity]] and overall safety profiles to the [[MMR vaccine]] administered with or without the varicella vaccine. The MMRV vaccine is typically given to children between one and two years of age.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kowalzik F, Faber J, Knuf M | title = MMR and MMRV vaccines | journal = Vaccine | volume = 36 | issue = 36 | pages = 5402–5407 | date = August 2018 | pmid = 28757060 | doi = 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.051 | series = Progress in Vaccines }}</ref>
-Several companies supply MMRV vaccines. ProQuad is marketed by [[Merck & Co.|Merck]] and was approved in 2005, for use in the United States by the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) for children ages twelve months through twelve years. An MMRV vaccine called Priorix Tetra<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Wellington K, Goa KL |title=Measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (Priorix; GSK-MMR): a review of its use in the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella |journal=Drugs |volume=63 |issue=19 |pages=2107–26 |date=2003 |pmid=12962524 |doi=10.2165/00003495-200363190-00012 |s2cid=46973762 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Trial Register | website=GlaxoSmithKline | url=http://ctr.gsk.co.uk/Summary/Vaccine_Priorix_Tetra/studylist.asp | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071130025501/http://ctr.gsk.co.uk/Summary/Vaccine_Priorix_Tetra/studylist.asp | archive-date=30 November 2007 | url-status=dead | access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> by [[GlaxoSmithKline]] has been approved in Germany and Australia.<ref>{{cite web | title=Priorix-tetra | website=The Australian Immunisation Handbook | date=4 June 2018 | url=https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/vaccines/priorix-tetra | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019055834/https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/vaccines/priorix-tetra | archive-date=19 October 2019 | url-status=live | access-date=18 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bauchau V, Van Holle L, Cohen C |title=Modelling Hospitalisation Ratios for Febrile Convulsions and Severe Varicella Under Combined Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (MMRV-Priorix-Tetra) Compared to Separate MMR + V Vaccination |journal=Drug Saf |volume=38 |issue=11 |pages=1095–102 |date=November 2015 |pmid=26251259 |pmc=4608986 |doi=10.1007/s40264-015-0326-4 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=PEI Table of vaccines for measles with a valid marketing authorisation | website=PEI , Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel | date=19 October 2019 | url=https://www.pei.de/EN/medicinal-products/vaccines-human/measles/measles-node.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019060437/https://www.pei.de/EN/medicinal-products/vaccines-human/measles/measles-node.html | archive-date=19 October 2019 | url-status=live | language=de | access-date=18 October 2019}}</ref>
+Several companies supply MMRV vaccines. Proquad is marketed by [[Merck & Co.|Merck]] and was approved in 2005, for use in the United States by the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) for children ages twelve months through twelve years. An MMRV vaccine called Priorix Tetra<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wellington K, Goa KL | title = Measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (Priorix; GSK-MMR): a review of its use in the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella | journal = Drugs | volume = 63 | issue = 19 | pages = 2107–2126 | date = 2003 | pmid = 12962524 | doi = 10.2165/00003495-200363190-00012 | s2cid = 46973762 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Trial Register | website=GlaxoSmithKline | url=http://ctr.gsk.co.uk/Summary/Vaccine_Priorix_Tetra/studylist.asp | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071130025501/http://ctr.gsk.co.uk/Summary/Vaccine_Priorix_Tetra/studylist.asp | archive-date=30 November 2007 | url-status=dead | access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> by [[GlaxoSmithKline]] has been approved in Germany and Australia.<ref>{{cite web | title=Priorix-tetra | website=The Australian Immunisation Handbook | date=4 June 2018 | url=https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/vaccines/priorix-tetra | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019055834/https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/vaccines/priorix-tetra | archive-date=19 October 2019 | url-status=live | access-date=18 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bauchau V, Van Holle L, Cohen C | title = Modelling Hospitalisation Ratios for Febrile Convulsions and Severe Varicella Under Combined Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (MMRV-Priorix-Tetra) Compared to Separate MMR + V Vaccination | journal = Drug Safety | volume = 38 | issue = 11 | pages = 1095–1102 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26251259 | pmc = 4608986 | doi = 10.1007/s40264-015-0326-4 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=PEI Table of vaccines for measles with a valid marketing authorisation | website=PEI, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel | date=19 October 2019 | url=https://www.pei.de/EN/medicinal-products/vaccines-human/measles/measles-node.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019060437/https://www.pei.de/EN/medicinal-products/vaccines-human/measles/measles-node.html | archive-date=19 October 2019 | url-status=live | language=de | access-date=18 October 2019}}</ref>
 ==Recommendations==
+The MMRV vaccine, a combined MMR and varicella vaccine, simplifies the administration of the vaccines.<ref name=Vesikari>{{cite journal | vauthors = Vesikari T, Sadzot-Delvaux C, Rentier B, Gershon A | title = Increasing coverage and efficiency of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and introducing universal varicella vaccination in Europe: a role for the combined vaccine | journal = The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal | volume = 26 | issue = 7 | pages = 632–638 | date = July 2007 | pmid = 17596807 | doi = 10.1097/INF.0b013e3180616c8f | s2cid = 41981427 }}</ref> One 2008 study indicated a rate of [[febrile seizures]] of 9 per 10,000 vaccinations with MMRV, as opposed to 4 per 10,000 for separate MMR and varicella shots; U.S. health officials known as the [[Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices|ACIP]] therefore do not express a preference for use of MMRV vaccine over separate injections.<ref name=klein08>{{cite journal | title = Update: recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding administration of combination MMRV vaccine | journal = MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report | volume = 57 | issue = 10 | pages = 258–260 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18340332 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5710.pdf | author1 = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | author2 = Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) | access-date = 19 January 2021 | archive-date = 19 October 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201019154628/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5710.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Marin M, Broder KR, Temte JL, Snider DE, Seward JF | title = Use of combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) | journal = MMWR. Recommendations and Reports | volume = 59 | issue = RR-3 | pages = 1–12 | date = May 2010 | pmid = 20448530 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr5903.pdf | access-date = 10 June 2024 | archive-date = 16 March 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230316074656/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr5903.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref>
-The [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) recommends vaccinating against [[measles]], [[mumps]], [[Rubella|rubella (German measles)]], and [[Chickenpox|varicella (chickenpox)]] because the risks of these diseases far outweigh the risks of vaccinating against them. In particular, the World Health Organization recommends [[Varicella vaccine|varicella vaccination]] in countries where the vaccine is affordable, the disease is a relatively important problem, and high and sustained vaccine coverage can be achieved. A few countries have widely implemented this. MMR and varicella vaccine are given at roughly the same time and a booster injection is recommended for both.{{cn|date=January 2021}}
-The MMRV vaccine, a combined MMR and varicella vaccine, simplifies administration of the vaccines.<ref name=Vesikari>{{cite journal |journal= Pediatr Infect Dis J |year=2007 |volume=26 |issue=7 |pages=632–8 |title= Increasing coverage and efficiency of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and introducing universal varicella vaccination in Europe: a role for the combined vaccine |vauthors=Vesikari T, Sadzot-Delvaux C, Rentier B, Gershon A |doi=10.1097/INF.0b013e3180616c8f |pmid=17596807|s2cid=41981427 }}</ref> One 2008 study indicated a rate of [[febrile seizures]] of 9 per 10,000 vaccinations with MMRV, as opposed to 4 per 10,000 for separate MMR and varicella shots; U.S. health officials known as the [[Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices|ACIP]] therefore do not express a preference for use of MMRV vaccine over separate injections.<ref name=klein08>{{cite journal |vauthors=Klein NP, Yih WK, Marin M, etal |title= Update: recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding administration of combination MMRV vaccine |journal= MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. |volume=57 |issue=10 |pages=258–60 |date=March 2008 |pmid=18340332 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5710.pdf }}</ref>
-==Contraindications==
-* For individuals who are moderately or severely ill, it is generally recommended that they wait until after recovery before getting ProQuad. No such precautions are recommended for minor illnesses, such as a [[common cold|cold]].
-* It is recommended that aspirin or aspirin containing products be avoided for at least six weeks after receiving ProQuad vaccine (aspirin is not recommended in children under 16 in any case). A serious condition called [[Reye's syndrome]] has been reported in patients with chicken pox and influenza.
-* Individuals should not receive ProQuad without first consulting their doctor if there is a history of a life-threatening allergic reaction to gelatin, eggs, the antibiotic neomycin, or a previous MMR or chicken pox vaccine.
-Doctors are advised to be aware of whether or not a patient has [[HIV/AIDS]] or another disease that affects the [[immune system]], is taking a medication that affects the immune system, has cancer, a fever or active untreated tuberculosis, is receiving cancer treatment, or has ever had a low platelet count (a blood disorder).
 ==Adverse events==
-Rare but serious adverse events reported following ProQuad vaccination include [[Allergy|allergic reactions]], including swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; difficulty breathing or closing of the throat; [[hives]]; paleness; weakness; dizziness; a fast heart beat; [[deaf]]ness; long-term seizures, coma, or lowered consciousness; seizures (jerking or staring) caused by fever; or temporary low platelet count.<ref name=":0" />
+Rare but serious adverse events reported following Proquad vaccination include [[Allergy|allergic reactions]], including swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; difficulty breathing or closing of the throat; [[hives]]; paleness; weakness; dizziness; a fast heartbeat; [[deaf]]ness; long-term seizures, coma, or lowered consciousness; seizures (jerking or staring) caused by fever; or temporary low platelet count.<ref name=":0" />
-For children age two and younger, the MMRV vaccine is associated with significantly more [[AEFI|adverse events]] compared to separate administration of MMR and varicella vaccinations on the same day.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120063519/http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html |title=MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) VIS|date=21 May 2010|archive-date=20 January 2015|publisher=CDC|url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html}}</ref> There are 4.3 additional [[febrile seizures]] per 10,000 vaccinated children (95% CI 2.6–5.6), 7.5 additional mostly mild fever episodes per 100 vaccinated children (95% CI, 5.4–9.4) and 1.1 additional measles-like rash per 100 children (95% CI, 0.2–1.8). Febrile seizures caused by the MMRV vaccine occur 7 to 10 days after vaccination. In children age 4–6, there is no evidence for an increased risk in febrile seizures after the administration of Merck Proquad compared to the separate administration of MMR and Varicella vaccines.<ref>{{cite journal  |vauthors=Klein NP, Fireman B, Yih WK, etal |title=Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine and the risk of febrile seizures |journal=Pediatrics |volume=126 |issue=1 |pages=e1–8 |date=July 2010 |pmid=20587679 |doi=10.1542/peds.2010-0665|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=cber>{{cite news |url=https://www.fda.gov/downloads/biologicsbloodvaccines/vaccines/approvedproducts/ucm123800.pdf |title=CBER clinical review of studies submitted in support of licensure of ProQuad |publisher=US Food and Drug Administration |date=August 2005}}</ref>
+For children aged two and younger, the MMRV vaccine is associated with significantly more [[AEFI|adverse events]] compared to separate administration of MMR and varicella vaccinations on the same day.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120063519/http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html |title=MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) VIS|date=21 May 2010|archive-date=20 January 2015|publisher=CDC|url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html}}</ref> There are 4.3 additional [[febrile seizures]] per 10,000 vaccinated children (95% CI 2.6–5.6), 7.5 additional mostly mild fever episodes per 100 vaccinated children (95% CI, 5.4–9.4) and 1.1 additional measles-like rash per 100 children (95% CI, 0.2–1.8). Febrile seizures caused by the MMRV vaccine occur 7 to 10 days after vaccination. In children age 4–6, there is no evidence for an increased risk in febrile seizures after the administration of Proquad compared to the separate administration of MMR and Varicella vaccines.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Klein NP, Fireman B, Yih WK, Lewis E, Kulldorff M, Ray P, Baxter R, Hambidge S, Nordin J, Naleway A, Belongia EA, Lieu T, Baggs J, Weintraub E | title = Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine and the risk of febrile seizures | journal = Pediatrics | volume = 126 | issue = 1 | pages = e1–e8 | date = July 2010 | pmid = 20587679 | doi = 10.1542/peds.2010-0665 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name=cber>{{cite news |url=https://www.fda.gov/downloads/biologicsbloodvaccines/vaccines/approvedproducts/ucm123800.pdf |title=CBER clinical review of studies submitted in support of licensure of Proquad |publisher=US Food and Drug Administration |date=August 2005 |access-date=16 December 2019 |archive-date=6 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506064422/https://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM123800.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
 == Legal status ==
+Proquad was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2005,
-Merck ProQuad was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2005,<ref>{{cite web | title=ProQuad | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | archive-date=23 July 2017 | url=https://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm188806.htm | archive-url=http://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170723030938/https://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm188806.htm | access-date=8 October 2020 | url-status=unfit }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=ProQuad | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | url=https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/proquad | access-date=8 October 2020 | id=STN: 125108}}</ref> in the European Union in April 2006,<ref name="ProQuad EPAR">{{cite web | title=ProQuad EPAR | website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/proquad | access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref> and in Australia in February 2007.<ref>{{cite web | title=ProQuad measles, mumps, rubella, varicella live virus vaccine injection vial | website=[[Therapeutic Goods Administration]] (TGA) | url=https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/servlet/xmlmillr6?dbid=ebs/PublicHTML/pdfStore.nsf&docid=721C5938ED0E51FCCA2585B30042444A&agid=(PrintDetailsPublic)&actionid=1 | format=PDF | access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>
+<ref>{{cite web | title=Proquad | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | archive-date=23 July 2017 | url=https://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm188806.htm | archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170723030938/https://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/ucm188806.htm | access-date=8 October 2020 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Proquad | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | url=https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/proquad | access-date=8 October 2020 | id=STN: 125108 | archive-date=11 November 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111195629/https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/proquad | url-status=live }}</ref> in the European Union in April 2006,<ref name="Proquad EPAR">{{cite web | title=Proquad EPAR | website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) | date=6 April 2006 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/proquad | access-date=8 October 2020 | archive-date=21 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021003222/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/proquad | url-status=live }}</ref> in Australia in February 2007,<ref name="Proquad AU">{{cite web | title=Proquad measles mumps rubella varicella live virus vaccine injection vial with prefilled diluent syringe (126157) | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=26 May 2022 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/126157 | access-date=10 June 2024 | archive-date=10 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610042043/https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/126157 | url-status=live }}</ref> and in Canada in May 2014.<ref name="Proquad CA" />
-GSK Priorix Tetra was approved for medical use in Australia in November 2005.<ref>{{cite web | title=Priorix Tetra Vaccine 0.5mL powder for injection vial | website=[[Therapeutic Goods Administration]] (TGA) | url=https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/servlet/xmlmillr6?dbid=ebs/PublicHTML/pdfStore.nsf&docid=F58B0BA4774299C5CA25859600423D1E&agid=(PrintDetailsPublic)&actionid=1 | format=PDF | access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>
+Priorix Tetra was approved for medical use in Australia in November 2005,<ref name="Priorix-Tetra AU">{{cite web | title=Priorix-Tetra vaccine 0.5mL powder for injection vial with diluent syringe (107286) | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=26 May 2022 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/107286 | access-date=10 June 2024 | archive-date=31 January 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131231718/https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/107286 | url-status=live }}</ref> and in Canada in June 2008.<ref name="Priorix-Tetra CA" />
-==See also==
-*[[Measles vaccine]]
-*[[MMR vaccine]]
-*[[Mumps vaccine]]
-*[[Rubella vaccine]]
-*[[Varicella vaccine]]
-==References==
+== References ==
 {{reflist}}
-==Further reading==
+== Further reading ==
+{{refbegin|30em}}
-* {{cite journal | vauthors = ((Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC))) | title = Notice to Readers: Licensure of a Combined Live Attenuated Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Vaccine | journal = MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. | volume = 54 | issue = 47 | date = December 2005 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5447.pdf | pages = 1212–14 }}
-* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ma SJ, Li X, Xiong YQ, Yao AL, Chen Q | title = Combination Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Vaccine in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Immunogenicity and Safety | journal = Medicine (Baltimore) | volume = 94 | issue = 44 | pages = e1721 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26554769 | pmc = 4915870 | doi = 10.1097/MD.0000000000001721 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = ((Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC))) | title = Notice to Readers: Licensure of a Combined Live Attenuated Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Vaccine | journal = MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. | volume = 54 | issue = 47 | date = December 2005 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5447.pdf | pages = 1212–14 | access-date = 26 January 2020 | archive-date = 20 January 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220120023326/http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/wk/mm5447.pdf | url-status = live }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ma SJ, Li X, Xiong YQ, Yao AL, Chen Q | title = Combination Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Vaccine in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Immunogenicity and Safety | journal = Medicine | volume = 94 | issue = 44 | pages = e1721 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26554769 | pmc = 4915870 | doi = 10.1097/MD.0000000000001721 }}
 * {{cite book | vauthors=((World Health Organization)) | title=The immunological basis for immunization series: module 7: measles (update 2009) | publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=January 2009 | hdl=10665/44038 | isbn=9789241597555 | hdl-access=free }}
 * {{cite book | vauthors=((World Health Organization)) | title=The immunological basis for immunization series: module 16: mumps | publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=November 2010 | hdl=10665/97885 | isbn=9789241500661 | hdl-access=free }}
 * {{cite book | vauthors=((World Health Organization)) | title=The immunological basis for immunization series: module 11: rubella | publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date=December 2008 | hdl=10665/43922 | isbn=9789241596848 | hdl-access=free }}
-* {{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = The immunological basis for immunization series : Module 10: Varicella-zoster virus | publisher = [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date = May 2008 | hdl = 10665/43906 | isbn = 9789241596770 | hdl-access=free }}
+* {{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = The immunological basis for immunization series: Module 10: Varicella-zoster virus | publisher = [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | date = May 2008 | hdl = 10665/43906 | isbn = 9789241596770 | hdl-access=free }}
-* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 21: Measles | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/measles-the-green-book-chapter-21 | publisher=Public Health England | editor-first=Mary | editor-last=Ramsay | name-list-style = vanc | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=December 2019 }}
+* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 21: Measles | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/measles-the-green-book-chapter-21 | publisher=Public Health England | veditors=Ramsay M | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=December 2019 | access-date=9 October 2020 | archive-date=12 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112005859/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pneumococcal-the-green-book-chapter-25 | url-status=live }}
-* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 23: Mumps | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/mumps-the-green-book-chapter-23 | publisher=Public Health England | editor-first=Mary | editor-last=Ramsay | name-list-style = vanc | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=April 2013 }}
+* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 23: Mumps | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/mumps-the-green-book-chapter-23 | publisher=Public Health England | veditors=Ramsay M | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=April 2013 | access-date=9 October 2020 | archive-date=12 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112005859/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pneumococcal-the-green-book-chapter-25 | url-status=live }}
-* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 28: Rubella | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/rubella-the-green-book-chapter-28 | publisher=Public Health England | editor-first=Mary | editor-last=Ramsay | name-list-style = vanc | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=April 2013 }}
+* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 28: Rubella | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/rubella-the-green-book-chapter-28 | publisher=Public Health England | veditors=Ramsay M | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=April 2013 | access-date=9 October 2020 | archive-date=12 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112005859/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pneumococcal-the-green-book-chapter-25 | url-status=live }}
-* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 34: Varicella | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/varicella-the-green-book-chapter-34 | publisher=Public Health England | editor-first=Mary | editor-last=Ramsay | name-list-style = vanc | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=March 2013 }}
+* {{cite book | title=Immunisation against infectious disease | chapter=Chapter 34: Varicella | chapter-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/varicella-the-green-book-chapter-34 | publisher=Public Health England | veditors=Ramsay M | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-disease-the-green-book | date=March 2013 | access-date=9 October 2020 | archive-date=12 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112005859/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pneumococcal-the-green-book-chapter-25 | url-status=live }}
-* {{cite book | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 13: Measles | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/meas.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html }}
+* {{cite book | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 13: Measles | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/meas.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 30 December 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161230001534/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 15: Mumps | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/mumps.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html }}
+* {{cite book | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 15: Mumps | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/mumps.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 30 December 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161230001534/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 20: Rubella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/rubella.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html }}
+* {{cite book | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 20: Rubella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/rubella.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 30 December 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161230001534/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/index.html | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | publisher = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 22: Varicella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 }}
+* {{cite book | publisher = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | title = Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases | veditors = Hamborsky J, Kroger A, Wolfe S | edition = 13th | location = Washington D.C. | year = 2015 | chapter = Chapter 22: Varicella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html | isbn = 978-0990449119 | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 7 February 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150207091230/http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | name-list-style = vanc | chapter = Chapter 7: Measles | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt07-measles.html | editor-last1 = Roush | editor-first1 = Sandra W. | editor-last2 = Baldy | editor-first2 = Linda M. | editor-last3 = Hall | editor-first3 = Mary Ann Kirkconnell | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date=March 2019 }}
+* {{cite book | chapter = Chapter 7: Measles | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt07-measles.html | veditors = Roush SW, Baldy LM, Hall MA | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date = March 2019 | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 1 August 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801192220/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | name-list-style = vanc | chapter = Chapter 9: Mumps | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt09-mumps.html | editor-last1 = Roush | editor-first1 = Sandra W. | editor-last2 = Baldy | editor-first2 = Linda M. | editor-last3 = Hall | editor-first3 = Mary Ann Kirkconnell | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date=March 2019 }}
+* {{cite book | chapter = Chapter 9: Mumps | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt09-mumps.html | veditors = Roush SW, Baldy LM, Hall MA | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date = March 2019 | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 1 August 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801192220/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | name-list-style = vanc | chapter = Chapter 14: Rubella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt14-rubella.html | editor-last1 = Roush | editor-first1 = Sandra W. | editor-last2 = Baldy | editor-first2 = Linda M. | editor-last3 = Hall | editor-first3 = Mary Ann Kirkconnell | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date=March 2019 }}
+* {{cite book | chapter = Chapter 14: Rubella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt14-rubella.html | veditors = Roush SW, Baldy LM, Hall MA | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date = March 2019 | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 1 August 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801192220/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | url-status = live }}
-* {{cite book | name-list-style = vanc | chapter = Chapter 17: Varicella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt17-varicella.html | editor-last1 = Roush | editor-first1 = Sandra W. | editor-last2 = Baldy | editor-first2 = Linda M. | editor-last3 = Hall | editor-first3 = Mary Ann Kirkconnell | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date = 9 January 2020 }}
+* {{cite book | chapter = Chapter 17: Varicella | chapter-url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt17-varicella.html | veditors = Roush SW, Baldy LM, Hall MA | title = Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases | publisher = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | location = Atlanta GA | url = https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | date = 9 January 2020 | access-date = 9 October 2020 | archive-date = 1 August 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200801192220/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/ | url-status = live }}
+{{refend}}
-==External links==
+== External links ==
-* {{cite web | title=MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) Vaccine Information Statement | website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html }}
+* {{cite web | title=MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella & Varicella) Vaccine Information Statement | website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) | date=August 2021 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmrv.html }}
 {{Vaccines}}
 {{Portal bar | Medicine | Viruses }}
+{{Authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Mmrv Vaccine}}
 [[Category:Chickenpox]]
-[[Category:Combination drugs]]
 [[Category:Combination vaccines]]
-[[Category:GlaxoSmithKline brands]]
+[[Category:Drugs developed by GSK plc]]
 [[Category:Live vaccines]]
 [[Category:Measles]]
-[[Category:Merck & Co. brands]]
+[[Category:Drugs developed by Merck & Co.]]
 [[Category:Mumps]]
 [[Category:Rubella]]
-[[Category:Vaccines]]