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'''Dirk VII of Holland''' (d. [[1203]]), [[Count of Holland]] from 1190 to 1203. He was elder son of [[Floris III, Count of Holland|Floris III]] and [[Ada of Scotland]].
{{Short description|Count of Holland from 1190 to 1203}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2013}}


{{Infobox monarch
⚫
There was civil war in Germany, so the emperor had to give to make friends. Emperor [[Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VI]] supported Dirk by giving him the right to levy toll on Flemish traders in [[Geervliet]]. Henry also gave the Grote Waard ([[Dordrecht]] and surroundings) to Holland at the cost of the [[bishopric of Utrecht]]. He made Holland inheritable for females. Dirk temporarily got the princely authority of the bishopric of Utrecht in 1196. This meant war with count [[Otto I, Count of Guelders|Otto I]] of [[Guelders]]. Otto was defeated at the [[battle of the Grebbeberg]]. A new bishop was elected in 1197, who took over princely authority again. The [[Hohenstaufen]] Dynasty was losing the civil war, so count Dirk changed allegiance to the [[Welfs]].
| name = Dirk VII
| image = File:Graaf van Holland Dirk VII kopje penning (cropped).jpg
| caption = Royal effigy on a silver penny of Dirk VII
| succession = [[Count of Holland]]
| reign = 1190–1203
| coronation =
| full name =
| predecessor = [[Floris III, Count of Holland|Floris III]]
| successor = [[Ada, Countess of Holland|Ada]]
| spouse = [[Adelaide of Cleves]]
| issue = Aleidis <br> Petronilla <br> [[Ada, Countess of Holland|Ada]]
| royal house =
| father = [[Floris III, Count of Holland|Floris III]]
| mother = [[Ada of Huntingdon]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date|1203|11|4|mf=y}}
| death_place = [[Dordrecht]]
| place of burial = |
}}
'''Dirk VII''' (died 4 November 1203, in [[Dordrecht]]<ref>A. W. E. Dek ''Genealogie der graven van Holland'', Zaltbommel : Europese Bibliotheek, 1969., but without further sources; see [http://home.scarlet.be/~ijpelaan/Graven/Dirk-VII.html Dirk VII, graaf van Holland]{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (Dutch)</ref>) was the [[count of Holland]] from 1190 to 1203. He was the elder son of [[Floris III, Count of Holland|Floris III]] and [[Ada of Huntingdon]].


==Life==
⚫
The Frisians in [[Friesland|Oostergo]] and [[Friesland|Westergo]] supported his brother [[William I of Holland|William]], who invaded Holland. William was supported by some of the [[West Friesland|West Frisians]] as well.
⚫
Due to a civil war in the [[Holy Roman Empire]], [[Emperor Henry VI]] had to find ways to make friends. He supported Dirk by giving him the right to levy tolls on Flemish traders in [[Geervliet]]. Henry also gave Holland the [[Grote Waard]] ([[Dordrecht]] and its surroundings), at the cost of the [[Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht|bishopric of Utrecht]]. He also set aside the [[Salic law]] for the succession to the County of Holland, which meant that it could be inherited by a female heir. In 1196, Dirk temporarily gained the princely authority of the bishopric of Utrecht. This meant war with [[Otto I, Count of Guelders|Count Otto I]] of [[Guelders]]. Otto was defeated at the Battle of the [[Grebbeberg]]. In 1197 [[Dirk van Are]] was elected as the new bishop. As such, he recovered the princely authority of Utrecht. The [[Hohenstaufen]]s were losing the civil war, so Count Dirk changed sides and gave his allegiance to the [[Welfs]].


⚫
[[Image:Graaf van Holland Dirk VII kopje penning.jpg|thumb|left|Silver [[penny]] or ''kopje'' of Dirk VII|228x228px]]The Frisians in [[Oostergo]] and [[Westergo]] supported Dirk's brother [[William I of Holland|William]], who invaded Holland. William was supported by some of the [[West Friesland (historical region)|West Frisians]] as well.
⚫
Dirk allied with Otto of Guelders in 1202 and they both atacked [[Brabant]]. Brabant claimed Holland, Utrecht and Guelders as dukes of [[Lotharingia]]. [[Den Bosch]] and [[Geertruidenberg]] were sacked during this campaign. Duke [[Henry I, Duke of Brabant|Henry I]] took Dirk prisoner at [[Heusden]]. Dirk had to pay a high ransom. He had to accept the duke of Brabant as overlord in southern Holland, and the bishop of Utrecht as overlord in northern Holland.


⚫
In 1202 Dirk allied himself with Otto of Guelders, and they both attacked [[Duchy of Brabant|Brabant]]. Brabant claimed Holland, Utrecht and Guelders as dukes of [[Lotharingia]]. [[Den Bosch]] and [[Geertruidenberg]] were sacked during this campaign. Duke [[Henry I of Brabant]] took Dirk prisoner at [[Heusden]]. As well as having to pay a high ransom, he had to accept the Duke of Brabant as his overlord in southern Holland and the bishop of Utrecht as his overlord in northern Holland.
His daughter Ada, inheritated Holland in 1203.
[[File:Huwelijk Ada van Holland met Lodewijk II met stervende Dirk VII van Holland.jpg|thumb|15th century depiction of Dirk VII on his death bed and the marriage of Ada to Louis of Loon]]
Dirk died on 4 November 1203 and was succeeded by his daughter [[Ada, Countess of Holland|Ada]], who lost the county to Dirk's brother William.<ref name="historici_nl">[http://www.historici.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/DVN/lemmata/data/adavanholland/en Online Dictionary of Dutch Women]</ref>


==Family and children==
==Family and children==
He was married [[1186]] [[Adelaide of Cleves]], daughter of [[Arnold I of Cleves]] and [[Ida of Louvaine]]. They had two daughter:
In 1186 Dirk married [[Adelaide of Cleves|Adelaide]], a daughter of Count [[Dietrich II, Count of Cleves|Dietrich II of Cleves]] and [[Ida, Countess of Cleves|Ida of Louvain]]. They had three daughters:<ref name="historici_nl" />
# Aleidis (d. ca. [[1203]]).
# Aleidis (died about 1203).
# Petronilla (died before 1203)
# Ada (ca [[1188]]&ndash;1227), married [[1203]] [[Ludwig of Looz]], Count of Holland in 1203-1206.
# [[Ada, Countess of Holland|Ada]] (c. 1188&ndash;1227)

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{start box}}
{{S-start}}
{{succession box |
{{succession box |
title = [[Count of Holland]] |
title = [[Count of Holland]] |
years = 1190 - 1203 |
years = 1190–1203 |
before = [[Floris III, Count of Holland|Floris III]] |
before = [[Floris III, Count of Holland|Floris III]] |
after = [[William I of Holland|William I]] |
after = [[Ada, Countess of Holland|Ada]] |
}}
}}
{{end box}}
{{S-end}}


{{Authority control}}
{{royal-stub}}
{{Netherlands-bio-stub}}


⚫
[[Category:12th-century births]]
[[Category:1203 deaths]]
[[Category:1203 deaths]]
⚫
[[Category:Dutch monarchs]]
[[Category:Counts of Holland]]
[[Category:Counts of Holland]]
[[Category:12th-century nobility from the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:13th-century nobility from the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:12th-century counts in Europe]]
[[Category:13th-century counts in Europe]]

Latest revision as of 14:57, 22 December 2024


Dirk VII
Royal effigy on a silver penny of Dirk VII
Count of Holland
Reign1190–1203
PredecessorFloris III
SuccessorAda
Died(1203-11-04)November 4, 1203
Dordrecht
SpouseAdelaide of Cleves
IssueAleidis
Petronilla
Ada
FatherFloris III
MotherAda of Huntingdon

Dirk VII (died 4 November 1203, in Dordrecht[1]) was the count of Holland from 1190 to 1203. He was the elder son of Floris III and Ada of Huntingdon.

Life

[edit]

Due to a civil war in the Holy Roman Empire, Emperor Henry VI had to find ways to make friends. He supported Dirk by giving him the right to levy tolls on Flemish traders in Geervliet. Henry also gave Holland the Grote Waard (Dordrecht and its surroundings), at the cost of the bishopric of Utrecht. He also set aside the Salic law for the succession to the County of Holland, which meant that it could be inherited by a female heir. In 1196, Dirk temporarily gained the princely authority of the bishopric of Utrecht. This meant war with Count Otto I of Guelders. Otto was defeated at the Battle of the Grebbeberg. In 1197 Dirk van Are was elected as the new bishop. As such, he recovered the princely authority of Utrecht. The Hohenstaufens were losing the civil war, so Count Dirk changed sides and gave his allegiance to the Welfs.

Silver penny or kopje of Dirk VII

The Frisians in Oostergo and Westergo supported Dirk's brother William, who invaded Holland. William was supported by some of the West Frisians as well.

In 1202 Dirk allied himself with Otto of Guelders, and they both attacked Brabant. Brabant claimed Holland, Utrecht and Guelders as dukes of Lotharingia. Den Bosch and Geertruidenberg were sacked during this campaign. Duke Henry I of Brabant took Dirk prisoner at Heusden. As well as having to pay a high ransom, he had to accept the Duke of Brabant as his overlord in southern Holland and the bishop of Utrecht as his overlord in northern Holland.

15th century depiction of Dirk VII on his death bed and the marriage of Ada to Louis of Loon

Dirk died on 4 November 1203 and was succeeded by his daughter Ada, who lost the county to Dirk's brother William.[2]

Family and children

[edit]

In 1186 Dirk married Adelaide, a daughter of Count Dietrich II of Cleves and Ida of Louvain. They had three daughters:[2]

  1. Aleidis (died about 1203).
  2. Petronilla (died before 1203)
  3. Ada (c. 1188–1227)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ A. W. E. Dek Genealogie der graven van Holland, Zaltbommel : Europese Bibliotheek, 1969., but without further sources; see Dirk VII, graaf van Holland[permanent dead link‍] (Dutch)
  2. ^ a b Online Dictionary of Dutch Women
Preceded by Count of Holland
1190–1203 		Succeeded by
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