Sighthound: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Latest revision as of 00:53, 23 December 2024

Sighthounds (also called gazehounds) are a type of hound dog that hunts primarily by sight and speed, unlike scent hounds, which rely on scent and endurance.

Appearance

These dogs specialize in pursuing prey, keeping it in sight, and overpowering it by their great speed and agility. They must be able to detect motion quickly, so they have keen vision. Sighthounds must be able to capture fast, agile prey, such as deer and hares, so they have a very flexible back and long legs for a long stride, a deep chest to support an unusually (compared to other dogs) large heart, very efficient lungs for both anaerobic and aerobic sprints, and a lean, wiry body to keep their weight at a minimum. Sighthounds have unique anatomical and physiological features, likely due to intentional selection for hunting by speed and sight; laboratory studies have established reference intervals for hematology and serum biochemical profiles in sighthounds, some of which are shared by all sighthounds and some of which may be unique to one breed.^[1]

The typical sighthound type has a light, lean head, which is dolichocephalic in proportion. This shape can create the illusion that their heads are longer than usual. Wolves and other wild dogs are dolichocephalic or mesaticephalic, but some domestic dogs have become brachycephalic (short-headed) due to artificial selection by humans over the course of 12,000 years.^[2] Dolichocephalic dogs have a wider field of vision but smaller overlap between the eyes and therefore possibly poorer depth perception in some of their field of view than brachycephalic dogs; most, if not all, dogs have less visual acuity than their antecedent, the wolf.^[3] There is no science-based evidence to confirm the popular belief that sighthounds have a higher visual acuity than other types of dogs. However, there is increasing evidence that dolichocephalic dogs, thanks to a higher number of retinal ganglion cells in their “visual streak”, retain more heightened sensitivity than other dog types to objects and rapid movement in the horizontal field of vision.^[4]

History

Sighthounds such as the Saluki/Sloughi type (both named after the Seleucid Empire) may have existed for at least 5,000 years, with the earliest presumed sighthound remains of a male with a shoulder height around 54 cm, comparable to a Saluki, appearing in the excavations of Tell Brak dated approximately 4,000 years before present.^[5] The earliest complete European description of a sighthound and its work, the Celtic vertragus^[6] from Roman Spain of the 2nd century C.E., comes from Arrian's Cynegeticus. A similar type, possibly a moderately sized male sighthound, with a height of 61–63 cm, of approximately the same historic period, the Warmington Roman dog is described from a well-preserved skeleton found in England.^[7] Sighthound type "gracile" bones, dating from the 8th to 9th century CE, anatomically defined as those of a 70 cm (28 in) high "greyhound", were genetically compared with the modern Greyhound and other sighthounds and found to be almost identical with the modern Greyhound breed, with the exception of only four deletions and one substitution in the DNA sequences, which were interpreted as differences probably arising from 11 centuries of breeding of this type of sighthound.^[8]^[9] Population genomic analysis proposes that true sighthounds originated independently from native dogs and were comprehensively admixed among breeds, supporting the multiple origins hypothesis of sighthounds.^[10]^[11]

Although today most sighthounds are kept primarily as pets, some of them may have been bred for as many as thousands of years to detect movement of prey, then chase, capture, and kill it primarily by speed. They thrive on physical activity. Some have mellow personalities, others are watchful or even hostile towards strangers, but the instinct to chase running animals remains strong.^[12]

Apart from coursing and hunting, various dog sports are practiced with purebred sighthounds, and sometimes with lurchers and longdogs. Such sports include racing, lure coursing, and other events.

List of sighthound breeds

Crossbreed sighthound types

Kangaroo hound
Longdog
Lurcher
American Staghound

Breeds considered to be controversial, not having by origin a sighthound function

A number of breeds or types of dogs which do not hunt solely by speed and sight, as well as a number of non-hunting breeds, are currently being recognized as sighthounds, either formally or informally^[14] by kennel clubs, or lure and live coursing clubs. These include:

Kennel club classification

When competing in conformation shows, most Anglophone kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club and The Kennel Club (UK), group pedigree sighthound breeds together with scent hounds in a Hound Group,^[15]^[16] the Fédération Cynologique Internationale groups them in a dedicated Sighthound Group,^[17] whilst the United Kennel Club groups them in a Sighthound and Pariah Group.^[18]

References

^ "Clinical pathology of Greyhounds and other sighthounds" S. Zaldívar‐López L.M. Marín M.C. Iazbik N. Westendorf‐Stingle S. Hensley C.G. Couto Veterinary Clinical Pathology Volume 40, Issue 4, first published: 24 October 2011
^ Roberts, Taryn; McGreevy, Paul; Valenzuela, Michael (July 2010), "Human Induced Rotation and Reorganization of the Brain of Domestic Dogs", PLOS ONE, 5 (#7): e11946, Bibcode:2010PLoSO...511946R, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011946, PMC 2909913, PMID 20668685
^ Miller, Paul E.; Murphy, Christopher J. (December 15, 1995), "Vision in Dogs" (PDF), Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 207 (#12): 1623–1634, doi:10.2460/javma.1995.207.12.1623, PMID 7493905, retrieved 2012-12-24
^ McGreevy, Paul; Grassia, Tanya D.; Harman, Alison M. (December 2004), "A strong correlation exists between the distribution of retinal ganglion cells and nose length in the dog", Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 63 (#1): 13–22, doi:10.1159/000073756, PMID 14673195, S2CID 24772865
^ Clutton-Brock, J., 1989. A dog and a donkey excavated at Tell Brak. Iraq, 51, pp.217-224.
^ Bronze statue beeldje_hazewindhond_ForumHadriani_015501_RMO_Leiden via wikimedia.org
^ Schoenebeck, J.J., Hamilton‐Dyer, S., Baxter, I.L., Schwarz, T. and Nussbaumer, M., (2021). From head to hind: Elucidating function through contrasting morphometrics of ancient and modern pedigree dogs. ‘’The Anatomical Record’’, 304(1), pp.63-77.
^ SVOBODOVÁ, H., BARTOŠ, M., NÝVLTOVÁ FIŠÁKOVÁ, M. and KOUŘIL, P., (2015). Genetic analysis of possibly the oldest greyhound remains within the territory of the Czech Republic as a proof of a local elite presence at Chotěbuz-Podobora hillfort in the 8th–9th century AD. SbNM B, 71, pp.17-24.
^ Miriam Nyvltova Fisakova. "Genetic analysis of possibly the oldest greyhound remains within the territory of the Czech Republic as a proof of a local elite presence at Hotěbuz-Podobora hillfort in the 8th–9th century AD" – via www.researchgate.net.
^ Li, Wu-Lue, et al. "Multiple origins and genomic basis of complex traits in sighthounds". Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023): msad158.
^ msad158.pdf at watermark.silverchair.com ^{[dead link‍]}
^ Fogle, Bruce (2000) [1995]. The Encyclopedia of the Dog. Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0-7513-0471-9.
^ "Estándar GALGO BARBUCHO PATAGONIC O" [Standard PATAGONIAN BARBUCHO GREYHOUND]. Kennel Club Argentino (in Spanish). 28 June 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
^ Bengtson, Bo. "How Many Sighthound Breeds? Would you believe more than 50?" Sighthound Review Vol. 5, Issue 4, Winter 2014–2015
^ "Hound Group". American Kennel Club. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
^ "Hound". The Kennel Club. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
^ "Group 10: Sighthounds". Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
^ "Breed Group Designations". United Kennel Club. Retrieved 24 December 2019.

External links

Media related to Sighthounds at Wikimedia Commons

[1] "Clinical pathology of Greyhounds and other sighthounds" S. Zaldívar‐López L.M. Marín M.C. Iazbik N. Westendorf‐Stingle S. Hensley C.G. Couto Veterinary Clinical Pathology Volume 40, Issue 4, first published: 24 October 2011

[Roberts-2] Roberts, Taryn; McGreevy, Paul; Valenzuela, Michael (July 2010), "Human Induced Rotation and Reorganization of the Brain of Domestic Dogs", PLOS ONE, 5 (#7): e11946, Bibcode:2010PLoSO...511946R, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011946, PMC 2909913, PMID 20668685

[3] Miller, Paul E.; Murphy, Christopher J. (December 15, 1995), "Vision in Dogs" (PDF), Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 207 (#12): 1623–1634, doi:10.2460/javma.1995.207.12.1623, PMID 7493905, retrieved 2012-12-24

[4] McGreevy, Paul; Grassia, Tanya D.; Harman, Alison M. (December 2004), "A strong correlation exists between the distribution of retinal ganglion cells and nose length in the dog", Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 63 (#1): 13–22, doi:10.1159/000073756, PMID 14673195, S2CID 24772865

[5] Clutton-Brock, J., 1989. A dog and a donkey excavated at Tell Brak. Iraq, 51, pp.217-224.

[6] Bronze statue beeldje_hazewindhond_ForumHadriani_015501_RMO_Leiden via wikimedia.org

[7] Schoenebeck, J.J., Hamilton‐Dyer, S., Baxter, I.L., Schwarz, T. and Nussbaumer, M., (2021). From head to hind: Elucidating function through contrasting morphometrics of ancient and modern pedigree dogs. ‘’The Anatomical Record’’, 304(1), pp.63-77.

[8] SVOBODOVÁ, H., BARTOŠ, M., NÝVLTOVÁ FIŠÁKOVÁ, M. and KOUŘIL, P., (2015). Genetic analysis of possibly the oldest greyhound remains within the territory of the Czech Republic as a proof of a local elite presence at Chotěbuz-Podobora hillfort in the 8th–9th century AD. SbNM B, 71, pp.17-24.

[9] Miriam Nyvltova Fisakova. "Genetic analysis of possibly the oldest greyhound remains within the territory of the Czech Republic as a proof of a local elite presence at Hotěbuz-Podobora hillfort in the 8th–9th century AD" – via www.researchgate.net.

[10] Li, Wu-Lue, et al. "Multiple origins and genomic basis of complex traits in sighthounds". Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023): msad158.

[11] sad158.pdf at watermark.silverchair.com ^{[dead link‍]}

[fogle-12] Fogle, Bruce (2000) [1995]. The Encyclopedia of the Dog. Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0-7513-0471-9.

[13] "Estándar GALGO BARBUCHO PATAGONIC O" [Standard PATAGONIAN BARBUCHO GREYHOUND]. Kennel Club Argentino (in Spanish). 28 June 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2022.

[14] Bengtson, Bo. "How Many Sighthound Breeds? Would you believe more than 50?" Sighthound Review Vol. 5, Issue 4, Winter 2014–2015

[15] "Hound Group". American Kennel Club. Retrieved 24 December 2019.

[16] "Hound". The Kennel Club. Retrieved 24 December 2019.

[17] "Group 10: Sighthounds". Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Retrieved 24 December 2019.

[18] "Breed Group Designations". United Kennel Club. Retrieved 24 December 2019.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|Type of dog}}
+{{Short description|Type of dog}}
 [[Image:WhippetWhiteSaddled wb.jpg|thumb|right|A [[Whippet]]: characteristic long legs, deep chest, and narrow waist of a sighthound]]
-'''Sighthounds''', also called '''gazehounds''',  are a [[Dog type|type]] of [[dog]], [[hound]]s that hunt primarily by sight and speed, rather than by scent and endurance as [[scent hound]]s do.
+'''Sighthounds''' (also called '''gazehounds''') are a [[Dog type|type]] of [[hound]] [[dog]] that hunts primarily by sight and speed, unlike [[scent hound|scent hounds]], which rely on scent and endurance.
 ==Appearance==
-[[File:Sighthound head.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Cephalic index|dolichocephalic]] head proportions of a typical sighthound]]
+[[File:Sighthound head.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Dolichocephaly|dolichocephalic]] head proportions of a typical sighthound]]
-These dogs specialize in pursuing prey, keeping it in sight, and overpowering it by their great speed and agility. They must be able to detect motion quickly, so they have keen vision. Sighthounds must be able to capture fast, agile prey such as [[deer]], and [[hare]]s, so they have a very flexible back and long legs for a long stride, a deep chest to support an unusually (compared to other dogs) large heart, very efficient lungs for both [[Anaerobic exercise|anaerobic]] and [[Aerobic exercise|aerobic]] sprints, and a lean, wiry body to keep their weight at a minimum. Sighthounds have unique anatomical and physiological features likely due to intentional selection for hunting by speed and sight; laboratory studies have established reference intervals for hematology and serum biochemical profiles in sighthounds, some of which are shared by all sighthounds and some of which may be unique to one breed.<ref>"Clinical pathology of Greyhounds and other sighthounds" S. Zaldívar‐López L.M. Marín M.C. Iazbik N. Westendorf‐Stingle S. Hensley C.G. Couto ''Veterinary Clinical Pathology'' Volume 40, Issue 4, first published: 24 October 2011</ref>
+These dogs specialize in pursuing prey, keeping it in sight, and overpowering it by their great speed and agility. They must be able to detect motion quickly, so they have keen vision. Sighthounds must be able to capture fast, agile prey, such as [[deer]] and [[hare]]s, so they have a very flexible back and long legs for a long stride, a deep chest to support an unusually (compared to other dogs) large heart, very efficient lungs for both [[Anaerobic exercise|anaerobic]] and [[Aerobic exercise|aerobic]] sprints, and a lean, wiry body to keep their weight at a minimum. Sighthounds have unique anatomical and physiological features, likely due to intentional selection for hunting by speed and sight; laboratory studies have established reference intervals for [[hematology]] and serum biochemical profiles in sighthounds, some of which are shared by all sighthounds and some of which may be unique to one breed.<ref>"Clinical pathology of Greyhounds and other sighthounds" S. Zaldívar‐López L.M. Marín M.C. Iazbik N. Westendorf‐Stingle S. Hensley C.G. Couto ''Veterinary Clinical Pathology'' Volume 40, Issue 4, first published: 24 October 2011</ref>
-The typical sighthound [[Dog type|type]] has a light, lean head, which is [[dolichocephalic]] in proportion. This shape can create the illusion that their heads are longer than usual. [[Gray wolf|Wolves]] and other [[Canidae|wild dog]]s are dolichocephalic or [[mesaticephalic]], but some [[Dog|domestic dog]]s have become [[brachycephalic]] (short-headed) due to [[artificial selection]] by humans over the course of 12,000 years.<ref name="Roberts">{{Citation |last1=Roberts |first1=Taryn |last2=McGreevy |first2=Paul |last3=Valenzuela |first3=Michael |date=July 2010 |title=Human Induced Rotation and Reorganization of the Brain of Domestic Dogs |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=5 |issue=#7 |page=e11946 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0011946 |pmid=20668685 |pmc=2909913|bibcode=2010PLoSO...511946R }}</ref> Dolichocephalic dogs have a wider field of vision but smaller overlap between the eyes and therefore possibly poorer depth perception in some of their field of view than brachycephalic dogs; most, if not all, dogs have less visual acuity than their antecedent the wolf.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Miller |first1=Paul E. |last2=Murphy |first2=Christopher J. |date=December 15, 1995 |title=Vision in Dogs |url=http://redwood.berkeley.edu/bruno/animal-eyes/dog-vision-miller-murphy.pdf |journal=Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |volume=207 |issue=#12 |pages=1623–1634 |pmid=7493905 |access-date=2012-12-24}}</ref> There is no science-based evidence to confirm the popular belief that sighthounds have a higher visual acuity than other types of dogs. However, there is increasing evidence that dolichocephalic dogs, thanks to a higher number of retinal ganglion cells in their “visual streak”, retain more heightened sensitivity than other dog types to objects and rapid movement in the horizontal field of vision.<ref>{{Citation |first1=Paul |last1=McGreevy |first2=Tanya D. |last2=Grassia |first3=Alison M. |last3=Harman |date=December 2004 |volume=63 |number=#1 |title=A strong correlation exists between the distribution of retinal ganglion cells and nose length in the dog |journal=Brain, Behavior and Evolution |pages=13–22 |doi=10.1159/000073756|pmid=14673195 |s2cid=24772865 }}</ref>
+The typical sighthound [[Dog type|type]] has a light, lean head, which is [[dolichocephalic]] in proportion. This shape can create the illusion that their heads are longer than usual. [[Gray wolf|Wolves]] and other [[Canidae|wild dog]]s are dolichocephalic or [[mesaticephalic]], but some [[Dog|domestic dog]]s have become [[brachycephalic]] (short-headed) due to [[artificial selection]] by humans over the course of 12,000 years.<ref name="Roberts">{{Citation |last1=Roberts |first1=Taryn |last2=McGreevy |first2=Paul |last3=Valenzuela |first3=Michael |date=July 2010 |title=Human Induced Rotation and Reorganization of the Brain of Domestic Dogs |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=5 |issue=#7 |page=e11946 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0011946 |pmid=20668685 |pmc=2909913|bibcode=2010PLoSO...511946R |doi-access=free }}</ref> Dolichocephalic dogs have a wider [[field of vision]] but smaller overlap between the eyes and therefore possibly poorer [[depth perception]] in some of their field of view than brachycephalic dogs; most, if not all, dogs have less visual acuity than their antecedent, the wolf.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Miller |first1=Paul E. |last2=Murphy |first2=Christopher J. |date=December 15, 1995 |title=Vision in Dogs |url=http://redwood.berkeley.edu/bruno/animal-eyes/dog-vision-miller-murphy.pdf |journal=Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |volume=207 |issue=#12 |pages=1623–1634 |doi=10.2460/javma.1995.207.12.1623 |pmid=7493905 |access-date=2012-12-24}}</ref> There is no science-based evidence to confirm the popular belief that sighthounds have a higher visual acuity than other types of dogs. However, there is increasing evidence that dolichocephalic dogs, thanks to a higher number of [[retinal ganglion cell]]s in their “visual streak”, retain more heightened sensitivity than other dog types to objects and rapid movement in the horizontal field of vision.<ref>{{Citation |first1=Paul |last1=McGreevy |first2=Tanya D. |last2=Grassia |first3=Alison M. |last3=Harman |date=December 2004 |volume=63 |number=#1 |title=A strong correlation exists between the distribution of retinal ganglion cells and nose length in the dog |journal=Brain, Behavior and Evolution |pages=13–22 |doi=10.1159/000073756|pmid=14673195 |s2cid=24772865 }}</ref>
 [[Image:Saluki dog breed.jpg|thumb|right|A [[Saluki]]]]
+==History==
-Sighthounds such as the Saluki/Sloughi type (both named after the [[Seleucid Empire]]) may have existed for at least 5,000 years, with the earliest presumed sighthound remains compared to a Saluki appearing in the excavations of [[Tell Brak]] dated approximately 4,000 years before present.<ref>Clutton-Brock, J., 1989. A dog and a donkey excavated at Tell Brak. ''Iraq'', 51, pp.217-224.</ref>  The earliest complete description of a sighthound, the ''vertragus''<ref>https:/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Bronzen_beeldje_hazewindhond_ForumHadriani_015501_RMO_Leiden.jpg</ref> and its work, in European recorded history comes from [[Arrian]]'s ''[[Cynegeticus]]'', of the 2nd century A.D. Although today most sighthounds are kept primarily as [[pet]]s, some of them may have been bred for as many as thousands of years to detect movement of prey, then chase, capture, and kill it primarily by speed.  They thrive on physical activity. Some have mellow personalities, others are watchful or even hostile towards strangers, but the instinct to chase running animals remains strong.<ref name=fogle>{{cite book|last=Fogle|first=Bruce|author-link=Bruce Fogle|title=The Encyclopedia of the Dog|publisher=[[DK (publisher)|Dorling Kindersley]]|isbn=0-7513-0471-9|date=2000|orig-year=1995}}</ref>
+Sighthounds such as the Saluki/Sloughi type (both named after the [[Seleucid Empire]]) may have existed for at least 5,000 years, with the earliest presumed sighthound remains of a male with a shoulder height around 54&nbsp;cm, comparable to a Saluki, appearing in the excavations of [[Tell Brak]] dated approximately 4,000 years before present.<ref>Clutton-Brock, J., 1989. A dog and a donkey excavated at Tell Brak. ''Iraq'', 51, pp.217-224.</ref>  The earliest complete European description of a sighthound and its work, the Celtic ''vertragus''<ref>[https:/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Bronzen_beeldje_hazewindhond_ForumHadriani_015501_RMO_Leiden.jpg Bronze statue beeldje_hazewindhond_ForumHadriani_015501_RMO_Leiden] via wikimedia.org</ref> from Roman Spain of the 2nd century C.E., comes from [[Arrian]]'s ''[[Cynegeticus]]''.
+A similar type, possibly a moderately sized male sighthound, with a height of 61–63&nbsp;cm, of approximately the same historic period, the ''Warmington Roman dog'' is described from a well-preserved skeleton found in England.<ref>Schoenebeck, J.J., Hamilton‐Dyer, S., Baxter, I.L., Schwarz, T. and Nussbaumer, M., (2021). [https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ar.24412 From head to hind: Elucidating function through contrasting morphometrics of ancient and modern pedigree dogs.] ‘’The Anatomical Record’’, 304(1), pp.63-77.  </ref>
+Sighthound type "gracile" bones, dating from the 8th to 9th century CE, anatomically defined as those of a 70 cm (28 in) high "greyhound", were genetically compared with the modern Greyhound and other sighthounds and found to be almost identical with the modern Greyhound breed, with the exception of only four deletions and one substitution in the DNA sequences, which were interpreted as differences probably arising from 11 centuries of breeding of this type of sighthound.<ref> SVOBODOVÁ, H., BARTOŠ, M., NÝVLTOVÁ FIŠÁKOVÁ, M. and KOUŘIL, P., (2015). Genetic analysis of possibly the oldest greyhound remains within the territory of the Czech Republic as a proof of a local elite presence at Chotěbuz-Podobora hillfort in the 8th–9th century AD. SbNM B, 71, pp.17-24.</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Miriam Nyvltova Fisakova |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Miriam_Nyvltova_Fisakova/publication/283696817_Genetic_analysis_of_possibly_the_oldest_greyhound_remains_within_the_territory_of_the_Czech_Republic_as_a_proof_of_a_local_elite_presence_at_Hotebuz-Podobora_hillfort_in_t |title=Genetic analysis of possibly the oldest greyhound remains within the territory of the Czech Republic as a proof of a local elite presence at Hotěbuz-Podobora hillfort in the 8th–9th century AD |via=www.researchgate.net}}</ref>
+Population genomic analysis proposes that true sighthounds originated independently from native dogs and were comprehensively admixed among breeds, supporting the multiple origins hypothesis of sighthounds.<ref>Li, Wu-Lue, et al. "Multiple origins and genomic basis of complex traits in sighthounds". ''Molecular Biology and Evolution'' (2023): msad158.</ref><ref>[https://watermark.silverchair.com/msad158.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW%20Ercy7Dm3ZL%209Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAtkwggLVBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggLGMIICwgIBADCCArsGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMdmN7K9tNATkRjtg-AgEQgIICjB5iSTimqxtMUK%20RJ-mABGimVTeQEZxFdhXNzlXsPqwoFZC msad158.pdf] at watermark.silverchair.com {{dead link|date=July 2024}}</ref>
+Although today most sighthounds are kept primarily as [[pet]]s, some of them may have been bred for as many as thousands of years to detect movement of prey, then chase, capture, and kill it primarily by speed.  They thrive on physical activity. Some have mellow personalities, others are watchful or even hostile towards strangers, but the instinct to chase running animals remains strong.<ref name=fogle>{{cite book|last=Fogle|first=Bruce|author-link=Bruce Fogle|title=The Encyclopedia of the Dog|publisher=[[DK (publisher)|Dorling Kindersley]]|isbn=0-7513-0471-9|date=2000|orig-year=1995}}</ref>
 Apart from [[coursing]] and [[hunting]], various dog sports are practiced with purebred sighthounds, and sometimes with [[lurcher]]s and [[longdog]]s. Such sports include [[Dog racing|racing]], [[lure coursing]], and other events.
@@ Line 23: / Line 29: @@
 * [[Borzoi]]
 * [[Chippiparai]]
+* [[Chortai]]
 * [[Galgo Español]]
 * [[Greyhound]]
-* [[Hortaya borzaya]]
 * [[Irish Wolfhound]]
 * [[Italian Greyhound]]
+* [[Kaikadi (dog)|Kaikadi]]
 * [[Kanni]]
+* [[Kazakh Tazy]]
+* [[Kombai (dog)|Kombai]]
+* [[Levriero Sardo]]
 * [[Magyar agár]]
 * [[Mudhol Hound]]
-* [[Old Croatian Sighthound]] †
+* [[Old Croatian Sighthound]]{{extinct}}
-* Patagonian Greyhound [http://www.kennelclubargentino.org.ar/estandar-galgo-barbucho/%20Galgo%20barbucho (Galgo barbucho)]
+* Patagonian Greyhound<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kennelclubargentino.org.ar/estandar-galgo-barbucho/ |work=Kennel Club Argentino|title=Estándar GALGO BARBUCHO PATAGONIC O|date=28 June 2015 |lang=es |trans-title=Standard PATAGONIAN BARBUCHO GREYHOUND |access-date=4 November 2022}}</ref>
 * [[Polish Greyhound]]
 * [[Rajapalayam (dog)|Rajapalayam]]
 * [[Rampur Greyhound]]
+* [[Rhodesian Ridgeback]]
 * [[Saluki]]
 * [[Scottish Deerhound]]
@@ Line 41: / Line 52: @@
 * [[Sloughi]]
 * [[Taigan]]
-* [[Tazy]]
 * [[Whippet]]
 * [[Xigou]]
@@ Line 58: / Line 68: @@
 {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
+* [[Andalusian Hound]]
 * [[Basenji]]
-* [[Podenco Canario]]
 * [[Cirneco dell'Etna]]
 * [[Ibizan Hound]] (Podenco Ibicenco)
+* [[Peruvian Inca Orchid]]
 * [[Pharaoh Hound]] (Kelb tal-fenek)
-* [[Kombai (dog)|Kombai]]
+* [[Podenco Canario]]
 * [[Portuguese Podengo]]
 * [[Rhodesian Ridgeback]]
+* [[Thai Ridgeback]]{{div col end}}
-* [[Peruvian Inca Orchid]]
-* [[Thai Ridgeback]]
-{{div col end}}
 ==Kennel club classification==
-When competing in [[conformation show]]s, most anglophone [[kennel club]]s, including the [[American Kennel Club]] and [[The Kennel Club]] ([[United Kingdom|UK]]), group pedigree sighthound breeds together with [[Scent hound|scenthound]]s in a Hound Group,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/hound/ |title=Hound Group |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=American Kennel Club |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/services/public/breed/Default.aspx?group=HDS |title=Hound |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=The Kennel Club |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref> the [[Fédération Cynologique Internationale]] groups them in a dedicated Sighthound Group,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fci.be/en/nomenclature/10-Sighthounds.html |title=Group 10: Sighthounds |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Fédération Cynologique Internationale |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref> whilst the [[United Kennel Club]] groups them in a Sighthound and Pariah Group.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/breed-groups |title=Breed Group Designations |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=United Kennel Club |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref>
+When competing in [[conformation show]]s, most Anglophone [[kennel club]]s, including the [[American Kennel Club]] and [[The Kennel Club]] ([[United Kingdom|UK]]), group pedigree sighthound breeds together with [[scent hound]]s in a Hound Group,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/hound/ |title=Hound Group |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=American Kennel Club |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/services/public/breed/Default.aspx?group=HDS |title=Hound |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=The Kennel Club |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref> the [[Fédération Cynologique Internationale]] groups them in a dedicated Sighthound Group,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fci.be/en/nomenclature/10-Sighthounds.html |title=Group 10: Sighthounds |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Fédération Cynologique Internationale |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref> whilst the [[United Kennel Club]] groups them in a Sighthound and Pariah Group.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ukcdogs.com/breed-groups |title=Breed Group Designations |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=United Kennel Club |access-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref>
 ==See also==
-{{portal|Mammals}}
+{{Portal|Dogs|Mammals}}
-{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
 * [[Dog type]]
 * [[Hound]]
 * [[Hunting dog]]
-* [[Scent hound|Scenthound]]
+* [[Scent hound]]
-{{div col end}}
 ==References==
@@ Line 89: / Line 96: @@
 * Almirall, Leon V. ''Canines and Coyotes''. Caldwell, Id.: The Caxton Printers, Ltd., 1941.
 * Anderson, John Kinlock. ''Hunting in the Ancient World''. University of California Press 1985.
-* Belkin, Dan. [http://saluqi.home.netcom.com/belkin.htm "The Functional Saluki: Lessons from the Coursing Field"].  ''Field Advisory News'', November/December 1993.
+* Belkin, Dan. [http://saluqi.home.netcom.com/belkin.htm "The Functional Saluki: Lessons from the Coursing Field"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226055022/http://saluqi.home.netcom.com/belkin.htm |date=2012-12-26 }}.  ''Field Advisory News'', November/December 1993.
 * Bengtson, Bo. "What IS a Sighthound?" ''Sighthound Review'', charter Issue, May–June 1984.
 * Bengtson, Bo. "What ''is'' a Sighthound?" ''Sighthound Review''. January 2011.
+* Bennett, D. & Timm, R.M., The dogs of Roman Vindolanda, Part IV: Large sighthounds and guard and utility dogs. ''Archaeofauna'' (30) 2021, 185-216 [https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/32147/Bennett%20%26%20Timm%202021.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y]
 * Brown, Curtis. ''Dog Locomotion and Gait Analysis''. Wheat Ridge, Colo.: Hoflin Publishing, 1986.
 * Burnham, Pat Gail. "Rhodesian Ridgebacks, and the Question of What Is a Sighthound?". ''Field Advisory News'', March/April 1992.
@@ Line 105: / Line 113: @@
 * Hull, Denison B. ''Hounds and Hunting in Ancient Greece''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1964.
 * Miller, Constance O. ''Gazehounds: The Search for Truth''.  Wheat Ridge, Colo.: Hoflin Publishing, 1988.
+* Nichols, Christopher. Three Dogs from the Late Iron Age Boat Grave Cemetery at Gamla Uppsala Prästgården, Sweden. ''European Journal of Archaeology'' 2023: 1-18.[https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/43262B2B298E584D8B2CDF0D1844E610/S1461957123000402a.pdf/three-dogs-from-the-late-iron-age-boat-grave-cemetery-at-gamla-uppsala-prastgarden-sweden.pdf]
 * Parker, Heidi G. et al. [https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/pdfExtended/S2211-1247(17)30456-4 "Genomic Analyses Reveal the Influence of Geographic Origin, Migration, and Hybridization on Modern Dog Breed Development"]. ''Cell Reports'' (#19) 697–708, 2017.
 * Phillips, A. A., and M. M. Willcock, (eds.). ''Xenophon & Arrian on Hunting with Hounds''. Oxford: Aris & Phillips, 1999. {{ISBN|0-85668-706-5}}.
 * Recum, Andreas F. von, ''Hunting with Hounds in North America''. Gretna: Pelican Publishing Co. 2002. {{ISBN|1-58980-043-5}}
 * Russell, Joanna. ''All about Gazehounds''. London: Pelham, 1976. {{ISBN|0-7207-0926-1}}.
-* Salmon, M. H. ("Dutch"). ''Gazehounds & Coursing''. St. Cloud, Minn.: North Star Press, 1977. {{ISBN|0-87839-024-3}}.
+* [[M. H. Salmon]] ("Dutch"). ''Gazehounds & Coursing''. St. Cloud, Minn.: North Star Press, 1977. {{ISBN|0-87839-024-3}}.
-* Salmon, M. H. ("Dutch"). ''Gazehounds & Coursing: The History, Art, and Sport of Hunting with Sighthounds'', Rev. and expanded 2nd ed. Silver City, N.M.: High-Lonesome Books, 1999. {{ISBN|0-944383-49-1}}.
+* [[M. H. Salmon]] ("Dutch"). ''Gazehounds & Coursing: The History, Art, and Sport of Hunting with Sighthounds'', Rev. and expanded 2nd ed. Silver City, N.M.: High-Lonesome Books, 1999. {{ISBN|0-944383-49-1}}.
 * Severtsov, A. S. Shubkina, A. V., [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/A_Shubkina/publication/274249701_Predator_As_a_Universal_Breeder/links/551951570cf2d241f3563169/Predator-As-a-Universal-Breeder.pdf Predator as a universal breeder]. ''Science in Russia'' 2014 No. 5 (#203)
-* Severtsov, A. S., Rosenzweig, M. L. and Shubkina, A. V., [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/A_Shubkina/publication/320547184_Predators_detect_the_welfare_of_their_potential_prey_and_cull_those_that_are_poorly/links/59ec9f91a6fdccef8b0dbb3f/Predators-detect-the-welfare-of-their-potential-prey-and-cull-those-that-are-poorly.pdf "Predators detect the welfare of their potential prey and cull those that are poorly"]. ''Evolutionary Ecology Research'', 2017 18 (#5), pp. 555–569.
+* Severtsov, A. S., Rosenzweig, M. L. and Shubkina, A. V., [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/A_Shubkina/publication/320547184_Predators_detect_the_welfare_of_their_potential_prey_and_cull_those_that_are_poorly/links/59ec9f91a6fdccef8b0dbb3f/Predators-detect-the-welfare-of-their-potential-prey-and-cull-those-that-are-poorly.pdf "Predators detect the welfare of their potential prey and cull those that are poorly"]. ''Evolutionary Ecology Research'', 2017 18 (#5), pp.&nbsp;555–569.
 * Suchanova, J. & Tovstucha, R. E., [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ramune_Tovstucha/publication/318191678_Problems_in_Translating_The_Names_of_Dog_Breeds_From_the_Perspective_of_Different_Nomination_Principles_and_Linguistic_Relativity/links/59ad41d5aca272f8a1615d92/Problems-in-Translating-The-Names-of-Dog-Breeds-From-the-Perspective-of-Different-Nomination-Principles-and-Linguistic-Relativity.pdf "Problems in translating the names of dog breeds from the perspective of different nomination principles & linguistic relativity"]. ''Coactivity: Philology, Educology'' 2016, 24 (#2): 113–121.
 * Uhrikova, I. et al. "Haematological and biochemical variations among eight Sighthound breeds". ''Australian Veterinary Journal'', Vol. 91 (#11), 2013. [http://sloughi.tripod.com/preserving/haematologybiochemistry8sighthounds.html Summary] by Dr. Dominique de Caprona.
@@ Line 118: / Line 127: @@
 {{div col end}}
-== External links ==
+==External links==
+{{Wiktionary|sighthound|gazehound}}
-* {{commons category inline|Sighthounds}}
+* {{Commons category-inline|Sighthounds}}
 {{Domestic dog}}
 {{Hounds}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:Sighthounds| ]]

v t e Dogs
Types	African village dog Free-ranging dog Pye-dog Street dog Hairless dog Herding dog Collie Livestock guardian dog Sheep dog Hunting dog Cur Feist Lurcher Gun dog Pointer Retriever Setter Spaniel Water dog Hound Scenthound Basset Coonhound Foxhound Sighthound Longdog Terrier Bull-type terrier Pinscher Schnauzer Mastiff Bulldog Spitz Husky Laika Tugou Toy dog Bichon Turnspit dog
Breeds	List of breeds List of crossbreeds Mixed-breed dog Crossbreed Extinct breeds Most popular
Roles	Assistance dog Autism dog Guide dog Hearing dog Medical response dog Seizure dog Mobility assistance dog Therapy dog Psychiatric assistance dog Attack dog Bay dog Carriage dog Catch dog Companion dog Detection dog Fighting dog Guard dog Lap dog Meat dog Mercy dog Police dog usage by country Search and rescue dog Sled dog War dog
Behavior	Communication Barking Body language Howling Intelligence Dog–cat relationship
Human–dog interaction	Animal testing Baiting Breed-specific legislation Cynanthropy Dog bite Dog daycare Dog fighting Dog food dog biscuit 2007 recalls Dog grooming Dogs in religion Dogs in space Dog licence Dog meat Dog park Dog show Dog theft Dog sports Dog walking Fear of dogs Human–canine bond Origin of the domestic dog Therapy
Health	Aging (List of longest-living dogs) Anatomy Breeding Coat Conformation Diseases Dog food Odor Rabies in animals Rage syndrome Reproduction Skin disorders Vaccination
Training	Clicker Crate training Housebreaking Socialization
Related	Domesticated silver fox List of individual dogs List of fictional dogs Lists of dogs
Category Portal

v t e Hounds
Scenthounds	Alpine Dachsbracke American Foxhound Anglo-Français de Petite Vénerie Ariégeois Artois Hound Austrian Black and Tan Hound Basset Artésien Normand Basset Bleu de Gascogne Basset Fauve de Bretagne Basset Hound Bavarian Mountain Hound Beagle Beagle-Harrier Billy Black and Tan Coonhound Bloodhound Bluetick Coonhound Bosnian Broken-haired Hound Briquet de Provence Briquet Griffon Vendéen Bruno Jura Hound Chien Français Blanc et Noir Chien Français Blanc et Orange Chien Français Tricolore Colombian Fino Hound Dachshund Drever Dunker English Coonhound English Foxhound Erbi Txakur Estonian Hound Finnish Hound Florida Brown Dog a/k/a Florida Cracker Cur Gascon Saintongeois German Hound Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Noir Grand Anglo-Français Blanc et Orange Grand Anglo-Français Tricolore Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen Grand Bleu de Gascogne Grand Griffon Vendéen Greek Harehound Griffon Bleu de Gascogne Griffon Fauve de Bretagne Griffon Nivernais Halden Hound Hamiltonstövare Hanover Hound Harrier Hygen Hound Istrian Coarse-haired Hound Istrian Shorthaired Hound Kerry Beagle Liangshan Dog Lithuanian Hound Montenegrin Mountain Hound Otterhound Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen Petit Bleu de Gascogne Plott Hound Poitevin Polish Hound Polish Hunting Dog Porcelaine Posavac Hound Rastreador Brasileiro Redbone Coonhound Sabueso Español Schillerstövare Schweizer Laufhund Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund Segugio dell'Appennino Segugio Italiano Segugio Maremmano Serbian Hound Serbian Tricolour Hound Slovenský Kopov Smalandstõvare Styrian Coarse-Haired Hound Tarsus çatalburun Transylvanian Hound Treeing Walker Coonhound Trigg Hound Tyrolean Hound Valdueza Welsh Foxhound West Country Harrier Westphalian Dachsbracke
Sighthounds	Afghan Hound American Staghound Azawakh Bakhmull Banjara Hound Borzoi Chippiparai Chortai Galgo Español Greyhound Hortaya borzaya Irish Wolfhound Italian Greyhound Kaikadi Kangaroo dog Kanni Kombai Levriero Sardo Longdog Magyar agár Mahratta Hound Mudhol Hound Polish Greyhound Rajapalayam Rampur Greyhound Saluki Scottish Deerhound Silken Windhound Sloughi Taigan Whippet Xigou
Cur-type hunting breeds	Black Mouth Cur Blue Lacy Catahoula Leopard Dog Feist Lurcher Mountain Cur Mountain Feist Stephens Stock Treeing Cur Treeing Tennessee Brindle
Miscellaneous	American Leopard Hound Basenji Cirneco dell'Etna Cretan Hound Haofa Tangkhul Hui Ibizan Hound Maneto Pampas Deerhound Pharaoh Hound Phu Quoc Ridgeback Podenco Andaluz Podenco Canario Portuguese Podengo Rhodesian Ridgeback Thai Ridgeback Xarnego Valenciano Xiasi Dog
Extinct	Buckhound Celtic Hound Chien-gris Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound Grand Fauve de Bretagne King's White Hound Laconian Limer Norman Hound North Country Beagle Old Croatian Sighthound Potsdam Greyhound Rache Sleuth hound Southern Hound Staghound Talbot Hound
Types: Anglo-French hounds, Bassets, Coonhounds, Feists, Lurchers