Jump to content

2018 Haiti earthquake: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 20°02′28″N 72°58′30″W / 20.041°N 72.975°W / 20.041; -72.975
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Open access status updates in citations with OAbot #oabot
 
(11 intermediate revisions by 11 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
⚫
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Short description|5.9 magnitude earthquake in Port-de-Paix, Haiti }}
{{Short description|5.9 magnitude earthquake in Port-de-Paix, Haiti }}
⚫
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox earthquake
{{Infobox earthquake
| name = 2018 Haiti earthquake
| name = 2018 Haiti earthquake
| image = <!-- file name only -->
| image = 2018 Haiti earthquake shakemap.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption =
Line 15: Line 15:
| anss-url = https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000h8an/executive
| anss-url = https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000h8an/executive
| local-date = {{Start date|2018|10|06}}
| local-date = {{Start date|2018|10|06}}
| local-time = 19:11:49 ([[UTC−05:00]])
| local-time = 20:11:49 ([[UTC−05:00]])
| duration =
| duration =
| magnitude = 5.9 {{M|ww|link=y}}
| magnitude = 5.9 {{M|ww|link=y}}
Line 35: Line 35:
| engvar = <!-- follow article: =en-UK will show 'Epicentre' -->
| engvar = <!-- follow article: =en-UK will show 'Epicentre' -->
| citations =
| citations =
| map2 = {{Location map | Haiti |relief=1
| label =
| lat = 20.041
| long =72.975
| mark = Bullseye1.png
| marksize = 40
| position = top
| width = 250
| float = right
| caption = }}
}}
}}


On October 6, 2018, at approximately 8:11 p.m, a magnitude 5.9 [[earthquake]] struck 19 kilometers northwest of [[Port-de-Paix]], [[Haiti]].<ref name="USGS">{{cite web |title=Earthquake Event Page |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000h8an/executive |website=USGS |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> The earthquake damaged structures and killed 18 people.<ref name="OCHA_SitRep_4"/>
On October 6, 2018, at approximately 8:11 p.m, a magnitude 5.9 [[earthquake]] struck 19 kilometers northwest of [[Port-de-Paix]], [[Haiti]].<ref name="USGS">{{cite web |title=Earthquake Event Page |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000h8an/executive |publisher=United States Geological Survey |access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> The earthquake damaged structures and killed 18 people.<ref name="OCHA_SitRep_4"/>


The earthquake was the strongest to [[List of earthquakes in Haiti|hit Haiti]] since [[2010 Haiti earthquake|January 12, 2010]],<ref name="Mirror">{{cite web |last1=Evans |first1=Natalie |title=Magnitude 5.9 earthquake strikes Haiti causing injuries |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/breaking-haiti-earthquake-magnitude-59-13376770.amp |website=Mirror |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> not including the aftershocks of the 2010 earthquake, and the shaking was felt as far away as [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref name="Express">{{cite web|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1027919/haiti-earthquake-port-au-prince-5-8-magnitude-ring-of-fire/amp|title=Haiti earthquake: Port-au-Prince SHAKES as 5.8 magnitude quake rocks ring of fire island {{!}} World {{!}} News {{!}} Express.co.uk|last1=Mackie|first1=Thomas|date=October 7, 2018|website=Express|language=en|access-date=October 7, 2018}}</ref>
The earthquake was the strongest to [[List of earthquakes in Haiti|hit Haiti]] since [[2010 Haiti earthquake|January 12, 2010]],<ref name="Mirror">{{cite web |last1=Evans |first1=Natalie |title=Magnitude 5.9 earthquake strikes Haiti causing injuries |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/breaking-haiti-earthquake-magnitude-59-13376770.amp |website=Mirror |access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> not including the aftershocks of the 2010 earthquake, and the shaking was felt as far away as [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref name="Express">{{cite web|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1027919/haiti-earthquake-port-au-prince-5-8-magnitude-ring-of-fire/amp|title=Haiti earthquake: Port-au-Prince SHAKES as 5.8 magnitude quake rocks ring of fire island {{!}} World {{!}} News {{!}} Express.co.uk|last1=Mackie|first1=Thomas|date=October 7, 2018|website=Express|access-date=October 7, 2018}}</ref>


==Tectonic setting==
==Tectonic setting==
Haiti lies at the boundary between the [[Caribbean Plate]] and [[North American Plate]]. Movement across this boundary is partitioned across several major structures. The major left-lateral [[Fault (geology)#Strike-slip faults|strike slip fault zones]] of the [[Septentrional-Oriente fault zone]] and the [[Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone]] together accommodate the lateral component of this movement. North of Haiti, the overall deformation is [[transpression]]al in nature and an additional structure, the [[North Hispaniola Fault]], a major [[thrust fault|thrust zone]], takes up the component of convergence at a rate of 5&nbsp;mm per year.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Calais E.|last2=Mazabraud Y.|last3= de Lépinay B.M.|last4 = Mann P.|last5 = Mattioli G.|last6 = Jansma P.|date=2002 |title= Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements|url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235637166|journal= Geophysical Research Letters|volume= 29|issue= 18|pages= 3–1–3–4|doi= 10.1029/2002GL015397|bibcode=2002GeoRL..29.1856C|doi-access= free}}</ref>
Haiti lies at the boundary between the [[Caribbean plate]] and [[North American plate]]. Movement across this boundary is partitioned across several major structures. The major left-lateral [[Fault (geology)#Strike-slip faults|strike slip fault zones]] of the [[Septentrional-Oriente fault zone]] and the [[Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone]] together accommodate the lateral component of this movement. North of Haiti, the overall deformation is [[transpression]]al in nature and an additional structure, the [[North Hispaniola Fault]], a major [[thrust fault|thrust zone]], takes up the component of convergence at a rate of 5&nbsp;mm per year.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Calais E.|last2=Mazabraud Y.|last3= de Lépinay B.M.|last4 = Mann P.|last5 = Mattioli G.|last6 = Jansma P.|date=2002 |title= Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements|url= https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00132297/file/2002GL015397.pdf|journal= Geophysical Research Letters|volume= 29|issue= 18|pages= 3–1–3–4|doi= 10.1029/2002GL015397|bibcode=2002GeoRL..29.1856C|doi-access= free}}</ref>


==Damage==
==Damage==
The earthquake caused part of a school to collapse in [[Gros-Morne, Artibonite|Gros-Morne]],<ref name="The Washington Post aftershock">{{cite web |title=Strong aftershock rattles north Haiti day after deadly quake |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007035043/https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 October 2018 |website=The Washington Post |access-date=7 October 2018 |language=en |date=7 October 2018}}</ref> damaged the façade of the Paroisse St. Michel A De Plaisance church in [[Plaisance, Nord|Plaisance]],<ref name="Financial Express">{{cite web |title=Haiti earthquake: Magnitude 5.9 quake strikes near Port-de-Paix, causing injuries |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/world-news/haiti-earthquake-magnitude-5-9-quake-strikes-near-port-de-paix-causing-injuries/1340284/ |website=Financial Express |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> caused a cultural center to collapse in Gros-Morne,<ref name="Miami Herald">{{cite web |last1=Charles |first1=Jacqueline |last2=Madan |first2=Monique O. |title=Deaths and injuries confirmed in Haiti earthquake |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article219628030.html |website=Miami Herald |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 6, 2018}}</ref> damaged a holding cell at the Police Nationale d'Haiti Commissariat de Port-de-Paix in Port-de-Paix,<ref>https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article219628030.html</ref> allowing several detainees to escape,<ref name="Miami Herald"/> caused an auditorium to collapse in Gros-Morne,<ref name="Express"/> damaged several classrooms at San Gabriel National School in Gros-Morne,<ref name="The Washington Post aftershock"/> and destroyed houses in the [[List of communes of Haiti|communes]] of [[Chansolme]],{{cn|date=November 2019}} Gros-Morne,<ref name="The Washington Post earthquake">{{cite web |title=M5.9 quake shakes northern Haiti |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007035043/https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |website=The Washington Post |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 6, 2018}}</ref> Plaisance,<ref name="Financial Express"/> and Port-de-Paix as well as on the [[List of islands of Haiti|island]] of [[Tortuga (Haiti)|Tortuga]].<ref name="The Washington Post earthquake"/>
The earthquake caused part of a school to collapse in [[Gros-Morne, Artibonite|Gros-Morne]],<ref name="The Washington Post aftershock">{{cite news |title=Strong aftershock rattles north Haiti day after deadly quake |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007035043/https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 October 2018 |newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=7 October 2018|date=7 October 2018}}</ref> damaged the façade of the Paroisse St. Michel A De Plaisance church in [[Plaisance, Nord|Plaisance]],<ref name="Financial Express">{{cite web |title=Haiti earthquake: Magnitude 5.9 quake strikes near Port-de-Paix, causing injuries |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/world-news/haiti-earthquake-magnitude-5-9-quake-strikes-near-port-de-paix-causing-injuries/1340284/ |website=The Financial Express |access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 7, 2018}}</ref> caused a cultural center to collapse in Gros-Morne,<ref name="Miami Herald">{{cite web |last1=Charles |first1=Jacqueline |last2=Madan |first2=Monique O. |title=Deaths and injuries confirmed in Haiti earthquake |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article219628030.html |website=Miami Herald |access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 6, 2018}}</ref> damaged a holding cell at the Police Nationale d'Haiti Commissariat de Port-de-Paix in Port-de-Paix,<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article219628030.html| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181007050605/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article219628030.html| archive-date = 2018-10-07| title = Deaths confirmed in Haiti earthquake; no doctors at hospital {{!}} Miami Herald| website = [[Miami Herald]]}}</ref> allowing several detainees to escape,<ref name="Miami Herald"/> caused an auditorium to collapse in Gros-Morne,<ref name="Express"/> damaged several classrooms at San Gabriel National School in Gros-Morne,<ref name="The Washington Post aftershock"/> and destroyed houses in the [[List of communes of Haiti|communes]] of [[Chansolme]],{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} Gros-Morne,<ref name="The Washington Post earthquake">{{cite news |title=M5.9 quake shakes northern Haiti |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007035043/https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/world/the_americas/m59-quake-shakes-northern-haiti/2018/10/06/3d8ff640-c9ca-11e8-9c0f-2ffaf6d422aa_story.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 6, 2018}}</ref> Plaisance,<ref name="Financial Express"/> and Port-de-Paix as well as on the [[List of islands of Haiti|island]] of [[Tortuga (Haiti)|Tortuga]].<ref name="The Washington Post earthquake"/>


Overall, a total of 2,102 houses were destroyed, and a further 15,932 were damaged.<ref name="OCHA_SitRep_4"/>
Overall, a total of 2,102 houses were destroyed, and a further 15,932 were damaged.<ref name="OCHA_SitRep_4"/>
Line 53: Line 63:


==Response==
==Response==
[[President of Haiti|President]] [[Jovenel Moïse]] instructed residents to stay calm and stated that authorities would be responding to those who need help.<ref name="NDTV">{{cite web |title=At Least 11 Dead In Haiti Earthquake: Officials |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/at-least-11-dead-in-haiti-earthquake-officials-1928064 |website=NDTV |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 7, 2018}}</ref>
[[President of Haiti|President]] [[Jovenel Moïse]] instructed residents to stay calm and stated that authorities would be responding to those who need help.<ref name="NDTV">{{cite web |title=At Least 11 Dead in Haiti Earthquake: Officials |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/at-least-11-dead-in-haiti-earthquake-officials-1928064 |website=NDTV |access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 7, 2018}}</ref>


[[Prime Minister of Haiti|Prime Minister]] [[Jean-Henry Céant]] said that a cabinet had been created to help organize the emergency response.<ref name="CNN earthquake">{{cite web |last1=Almasy |first1=Steve |last2=Cullinane |first2=Susannah |last3=Mazloumsaki |first3=Sara |last4=Silva Fernandez |first4=Daniel |title=Magnitude 5.9 earthquake hits northern Haiti |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/10/06/americas/haiti-earthquake/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=October 7, 2018 |language=en |date=October 7, 2018}}</ref>
[[Prime Minister of Haiti|Prime Minister]] [[Jean-Henry Céant]] said that a cabinet had been created to help organize the emergency response.<ref name="CNN earthquake">{{cite web |last1=Almasy |first1=Steve |last2=Cullinane |first2=Susannah |last3=Mazloumsaki |first3=Sara |last4=Silva Fernandez |first4=Daniel |title=Magnitude 5.9 earthquake hits northern Haiti |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/10/06/americas/haiti-earthquake/index.html |publisher=CNN|access-date=October 7, 2018|date=October 7, 2018}}</ref>


The day after the earthquake, President Moïse visited Port-de-Paix de oversee the recovery efforts.<ref name="CNN response">{{cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Claudia |last2=Yan |first2=Holly |title=Another deadly earthquake in Haiti kills at least 12 people |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/10/07/americas/haiti-earthquake/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=7 October 2018 |language=en |date=7 October 2018}}</ref>
The day after the earthquake, President Moïse visited Port-de-Paix de oversee the recovery efforts.<ref name="CNN response">{{cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Claudia |last2=Yan |first2=Holly |title=Another deadly earthquake in Haiti kills at least 12 people |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2018/10/07/americas/haiti-earthquake/index.html |publisher=CNN|access-date=7 October 2018|date=7 October 2018}}</ref>


==Aftershocks==
==Aftershocks==
Line 63: Line 73:


In the first 8 months of 2018, there were 26 earthquakes between the magnitudes of 2.9 and 4.6 recorded.<ref name="Miami Herald"/>
In the first 8 months of 2018, there were 26 earthquakes between the magnitudes of 2.9 and 4.6 recorded.<ref name="Miami Herald"/>

==See also==
{{Portal|Haiti}}
* [[List of earthquakes in 2018]]
* [[List of earthquakes in Haiti]]
* [[2021 Haiti earthquake]]


==References==
==References==
Line 77: Line 93:
[[Category:2018 in Haiti]]
[[Category:2018 in Haiti]]
[[Category:Earthquakes in Haiti]]
[[Category:Earthquakes in Haiti]]
[[Category:October 2018 events in North America]]
[[Category:October 2018 events in Haiti]]

Latest revision as of 02:38, 23 December 2024

2018 Haiti earthquake
2018 Haiti earthquake is located in Haiti
2018 Haiti earthquake
UTC time2018-10-07 00:11:49
ISC event612859723
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local dateOctober 6, 2018 (2018-10-06)
Local time20:11:49 (UTC−05:00)
Magnitude5.9 Mww
Depth24.0 km (15 mi)
Epicenter20°02′28″N 72°58′30″W / 20.041°N 72.975°W / 20.041; -72.975
Areas affectedHaiti, Dominican Republic
Max. intensityMMI VI (Strong)
TsunamiNo
Aftershocks2
Casualties
  • 18 dead
  • 548 injured[1]

On October 6, 2018, at approximately 8:11 p.m, a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck 19 kilometers northwest of Port-de-Paix, Haiti.[2] The earthquake damaged structures and killed 18 people.[1]

The earthquake was the strongest to hit Haiti since January 12, 2010,[3] not including the aftershocks of the 2010 earthquake, and the shaking was felt as far away as Port-au-Prince.[4]

Tectonic setting

[edit]

Haiti lies at the boundary between the Caribbean plate and North American plate. Movement across this boundary is partitioned across several major structures. The major left-lateral strike slip fault zones of the Septentrional-Oriente fault zone and the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone together accommodate the lateral component of this movement. North of Haiti, the overall deformation is transpressional in nature and an additional structure, the North Hispaniola Fault, a major thrust zone, takes up the component of convergence at a rate of 5 mm per year.[5]

Damage

[edit]

The earthquake caused part of a school to collapse in Gros-Morne,[6] damaged the façade of the Paroisse St. Michel A De Plaisance church in Plaisance,[7] caused a cultural center to collapse in Gros-Morne,[8] damaged a holding cell at the Police Nationale d'Haiti Commissariat de Port-de-Paix in Port-de-Paix,[9] allowing several detainees to escape,[8] caused an auditorium to collapse in Gros-Morne,[4] damaged several classrooms at San Gabriel National School in Gros-Morne,[6] and destroyed houses in the communes of Chansolme,[citation needed] Gros-Morne,[10] Plaisance,[7] and Port-de-Paix as well as on the island of Tortuga.[10]

Overall, a total of 2,102 houses were destroyed, and a further 15,932 were damaged.[1]

Casualties

[edit]

The earthquake killed 18 people and 548 people were injured.[1] Nine of the deaths occurred in Port-de-Paix, seven in Gros-Morne and one in Saint-Louis du Nord.[11]

Response

[edit]

President Jovenel Moïse instructed residents to stay calm and stated that authorities would be responding to those who need help.[12]

Prime Minister Jean-Henry Céant said that a cabinet had been created to help organize the emergency response.[13]

The day after the earthquake, President Moïse visited Port-de-Paix de oversee the recovery efforts.[14]

Aftershocks

[edit]

There have been two aftershocks since the initial earthquake struck. A magnitude 5.2 event occurred nearly 20 hours after the mainshock, with another magnitude 4.2 event happening about 5 hours later.[11]

In the first 8 months of 2018, there were 26 earthquakes between the magnitudes of 2.9 and 4.6 recorded.[8]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (October 20, 2018). "Haiti: 2018 earthquake Situation report No.4" (PDF). Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  2. ^ "Earthquake Event Page". United States Geological Survey. October 7, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  3. ^ Evans, Natalie (October 7, 2018). "Magnitude 5.9 earthquake strikes Haiti causing injuries". Mirror. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Mackie, Thomas (October 7, 2018). "Haiti earthquake: Port-au-Prince SHAKES as 5.8 magnitude quake rocks ring of fire island | World | News | Express.co.uk". Express. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  5. ^ Calais E.; Mazabraud Y.; de Lépinay B.M.; Mann P.; Mattioli G.; Jansma P. (2002). "Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 29 (18): 3–1–3–4. Bibcode:2002GeoRL..29.1856C. doi:10.1029/2002GL015397.
  6. ^ a b "Strong aftershock rattles north Haiti day after deadly quake". The Washington Post. October 7, 2018. Archived from the original on October 7, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  7. ^ a b "Haiti earthquake: Magnitude 5.9 quake strikes near Port-de-Paix, causing injuries". The Financial Express. October 7, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  8. ^ a b c Charles, Jacqueline; Madan, Monique O. (October 6, 2018). "Deaths and injuries confirmed in Haiti earthquake". Miami Herald. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  9. ^ "Deaths confirmed in Haiti earthquake; no doctors at hospital | Miami Herald". Miami Herald. Archived from the original on October 7, 2018.
  10. ^ a b "M5.9 quake shakes northern Haiti". The Washington Post. October 6, 2018. Archived from the original on October 7, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  11. ^ a b United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (October 9, 2018). "Haiti: 2018 earthquake Situation report No.3" (PDF). Retrieved October 10, 2018.
  12. ^ "At Least 11 Dead in Haiti Earthquake: Officials". NDTV. October 7, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  13. ^ Almasy, Steve; Cullinane, Susannah; Mazloumsaki, Sara; Silva Fernandez, Daniel (October 7, 2018). "Magnitude 5.9 earthquake hits northern Haiti". CNN. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  14. ^ Dominguez, Claudia; Yan, Holly (October 7, 2018). "Another deadly earthquake in Haiti kills at least 12 people". CNN. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=2018_Haiti_earthquake&oldid=1264700018"