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{{Short description|Spanish politician}}
{{Short description|Spanish politician (born 1969)}}
{{family name hatnote|Ribera|Rodríguez|lang=Spanish}}
{{family name hatnote|Ribera|Rodríguez|lang=Spanish}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Teresa Ribera
| name = Teresa Ribera
| honorific-suffix =
| order =
| order =
| image = Teresa Ribera 2023 (cropped).jpg
| image = Ribera EC Portrait 2024.jpg
| honorific-prefix = [[The Most Excellent]]
| honorific-prefix = [[The Most Excellent]]
| office = [[Third Deputy Prime Minister of Spain]]
| office = [[Vice-President of the European Commission|First Executive Vice-President for Clean, Just and Competitive Transition]]
| term_start = 12 July 2021
| status = [[Incumbent]]
| primeminister = [[Pedro Sánchez]]
| term_start = 1 December 2024
| monarch = [[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI]]
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Yolanda Díaz]]
| president = [[Ursula von der Leyen]]
| alongside = [[Nadia Calviño]] and [[Yolanda Díaz]]
| succeeding = [[Maroš Šefčovič]]
| office2 = [[Fourth Deputy Prime Minister of Spain]]
| office1 = [[European Commissioner for Competition|European Commissioner for Competitiveness]]
| predecessor2 = ''Office established''
| status1 = [[Incumbent]]
| term_end2 = 12 July 2021
| term_start1 = 1 December 2024
| monarch2 = [[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI]]
| term_end1 =
| president1 = [[Ursula von der Leyen]]
| succeeding1 = [[Margrethe Vestager]]
| office2 = [[Third Deputy Prime Minister of Spain]]
| term_start2 = 12 July 2021
⚫
| term_end2 = 25 November 2024
| primeminister2 = [[Pedro Sánchez]]
| primeminister2 = [[Pedro Sánchez]]
| termstart2 = 13 January 2020
| predecessor2 = [[Yolanda Díaz]]
| alongside2 = [[Carmen Calvo]], [[Nadia Calviño]] and [[Yolanda Díaz]]
| successor2 = [[Sara Aagesen]]
| successor2 = [[María Jesús Montero]]
| alongside2 = [[Nadia Calviño]], [[María Jesús Montero]] and [[Yolanda Díaz]]
| office1 = [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Minister for the Ecological Transition <br/>and the Demographic Challenge]]
| office3 = [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Minister for the Ecological Transition <br/>and the Demographic Challenge]]
| predecessor3 = [[Isabel García Tejerina]] {{small|([[Ministry of Agriculture (Spain)|environment]])}}<br/>[[Álvaro Nadal]] {{small|([[Ministry of Energy, Tourism and Digital Agenda|energy]])}}
| predecessor1 = ''Herself''
| primeminister1 = Pedro Sánchez
| successor3 = Sara Aagesen
⚫
| termstart1 = 13 January 2020
⚫
| office3 = [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Minister for the Ecological Transition]]
| predecessor3 = [[Isabel García Tejerina]]<br/>[[Álvaro Nadal]]
⚫
| successor3 = ''Herself''
| primeminister3 = Pedro Sánchez
| primeminister3 = Pedro Sánchez
| termstart3 = 7 June 2018
| termstart3 = 7 June 2018
| termend3 = 13 January 2020
| termend3 = 25 November 2024
| office4 = Member of the [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress of Deputies]]
| office4 = [[Fourth Deputy Prime Minister of Spain]]
| term_start4 = 17 August 2023
| predecessor4 = ''Office established''
| term_end4 = 1 December 2023
| term_end4 = 12 July 2021
| primeminister4 = [[Pedro Sánchez]]
⚫
| constituency4 = [[Madrid (Spanish Congress electoral district)|Madrid]]
| term_start5 = 21 May 2019
| termstart4 = 13 January 2020
| alongside4 = [[Carmen Calvo]], [[Nadia Calviño]] and [[Yolanda Díaz]]
⚫
| term_end5 = 21 February 2020
| successor4 = [[María Jesús Montero]]
| office5 = Member of the [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress of Deputies]]
| term_start5 = 17 August 2023
| term_end5 = 1 December 2023
| constituency5 = [[Madrid (Spanish Congress electoral district)|Madrid]]
| constituency5 = [[Madrid (Spanish Congress electoral district)|Madrid]]
| term_start6 = 21 May 2019
⚫
| term_end6 = 21 February 2020
⚫
| constituency6 = [[Madrid (Spanish Congress electoral district)|Madrid]]
⚫
| office7 = [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Secretary of State for Climate Change]]
| term_start7 = 22 April 2008
| term_end7 = 30 December 2011
| primeminister7 = [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero]]
| predecessor7 = ''Office established''
⚫
| successor7 = ''Office abolished''
| office8 = [[:es:Oficina Española del Cambio Climático|Director of the Spanish Office of Climate Change]]
| term_start8 = 11 February 2005
| term_end8 = 22 April 2008
| primeminister8 = José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
| birth_name = Teresa Ribera Rodríguez
| birth_name = Teresa Ribera Rodríguez
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|5|19}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|5|19}}
| birth_place = [[Madrid]], [[Francoist Spain]]
| birth_place = [[Madrid]], [[Spain]]
| alma_mater = [[Complutense University of Madrid]]
| alma_mater = [[Complutense University of Madrid]]
| occupation = Jurist, lawyer, and politician
| occupation = [[Jurist]] • [[Lawyer]] • [[Professor]] • [[Politician]]
| party = [[Spanish Socialist Worker's Party]]
| party = [[Spanish Socialist Worker's Party]] (2011–present)
| caption = Official portrait, 2024
| spouse = Mariano Bacigalupo
| children = 3
| otherparty = [[Independent politician|Independent]] (until 2011)
}}
}}
'''Teresa Ribera Rodríguez''' ({{IPA|es|teˈɾesa riˈβeɾa|pron}}; born 19 May 1969) is a Spanish jurist, university professor, and politician who has served as the [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Minister for the Ecological Transition of Spain]] since 2018, after Prime Minister [[Pedro Sánchez]] coming into power following the successful [[2018 vote of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy|no-confidence motion]] against [[Mariano Rajoy]]. In 2020, she was appointed [[Fourth Deputy Prime Minister of Spain|Fourth Deputy Prime Minister]] and in 2021 she was promoted to [[Third Deputy Prime Minister of Spain|Third Deputy Prime Minister]].
'''Teresa Ribera Rodríguez''' ({{IPA|es|teˈɾesa riˈβeɾa|pron}}; born 19 May 1969) is a Spanish jurist, adjunct professor, and politician who is the First Executive [[Vice-President of the European Commission]] for Clean, Just and Competitive Transition and [[European Commissioner for Competition|Commissioner for Competitiveness]] under the [[Von der Leyen Commission II|second Von der Leyen Commission]]. She previously served as the [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|minister for the Ecological Transition of Spain]] since 2018, after Prime Minister [[Pedro Sánchez]] came into power following the successful [[2018 vote of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy|no-confidence motion]] against [[Mariano Rajoy]]. In 2020, she was appointed as [[Fourth Deputy Prime Minister of Spain|fourth deputy prime minister]] and in 2021 she was promoted to [[Third Deputy Prime Minister of Spain|third deputy prime minister]].


Between 2008 and 2011 Ribera held the position of Secretary of State for Climate Change in the [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero#Premiership|second administration]] of [[Prime Minister of Spain|Prime Minister]] [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero]]. Between 2014 and 2018, she was director of the Institute of Sustainable Development and International Relations, based in Paris.
Between 2008 and 2011 Ribera held the position of Secretary of State for Climate Change in the [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero#Premiership|second administration]] of [[Prime Minister of Spain|Prime Minister]] [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero]]. Between 2014 and 2018, she was director of the Institute of Sustainable Development and International Relations, based in Paris.
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== Early career ==
== Early career ==
Ribera belongs to the Superior Body of Civil Administrators of the State of which she has been a surplus official since 2012.<ref name=":0" /> Ribera has been an [[associate professor]] of the Department of Public Law and Philosophy of Law at the [[Autonomous University of Madrid]].<ref name=":0">[http://www.mapama.gob.es/ministerio/pags/exposiciones/cambio_climatico/www/teresa_ribera/pdf/cv_teresa_ribera.pdf CV Teresa Ribera] {{in lang|es}}</ref>
Ribera belongs to the Superior Body of Civil Administrators of the State of which she has been a surplus official since 2012.<ref name=":0" /> Ribera has been an [[adjunct professor]] of the Department of Public Law and Philosophy of Law at the [[Autonomous University of Madrid]].<ref name=":0">[http://www.mapama.gob.es/ministerio/pags/exposiciones/cambio_climatico/www/teresa_ribera/pdf/cv_teresa_ribera.pdf CV Teresa Ribera] {{in lang|es}}</ref>


Ribera has held various technical positions in public administration, such as the position of Chief of Coordination of the [[Ministry of Development (Spain)|Ministry of Development]] and of Technical Adviser in the Cabinet of the Assistant Secretary for the Environment and Head of the Compliance and Development area. Between 2004 and 2008 she was general director of the Office of Climate Change and between 2008 and 2011 she assumed the Secretary of State for Climate Change (in the [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and Environment]]) during the government of president José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.<ref>[https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2008/04/22/pdfs/A20763-20764.pdf REAL DECRETO 573/2008, de 21 de abril, por el que se nombra Secretaria de Estado de Cambio Climático a doña Teresa Ribera Rodríguez] {{in lang|es}}</ref>
Ribera has held various technical positions in public administration, such as the position of Chief of Coordination of the [[Ministry of Development (Spain)|Ministry of Development]] and of Technical Adviser in the Cabinet of the Assistant Secretary for the Environment and Head of the Compliance and Development area. Between 2004 and 2008 she was general director of the Office of Climate Change and between 2008 and 2011 she assumed the Secretary of State for Climate Change (in the [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and Environment]]) during the government of president José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.<ref>[https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2008/04/22/pdfs/A20763-20764.pdf REAL DECRETO 573/2008, de 21 de abril, por el que se nombra Secretaria de Estado de Cambio Climático a doña Teresa Ribera Rodríguez] {{in lang|es}}</ref>
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Ribera is also a member of several advisory councils, including the Global Leadership Council of the [[United Nations]] Sustainable Development Solutions Network (UNSDSN),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leaders from Global Sustainability Network Unite to Call for G20 Action on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Ahead of the G20 Antalya Summit|url=http://unsdsn.org/news/2015/11/10/sdsn-regional-and-national-networks-call-for-commitments-to-sdgs-ahead-of-g20-turkey/|date=2015-11-10|website=unsdsn.org|language=en|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> the global climate change advisory council of the [[World Economic Forum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Spain begins a 'new normal' as children are allowed to play outside for the first time in six weeks|url=https://www.weforum.org/covid-action-platform/articles/air-on-your-face-spanish-children-get-outside-for-first-time-in-six-weeks/|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> and the Momentum For Change initiative of [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] (UNFCCC);<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teresa Ribera is an advisor to the WLA - Club de Madrid|url=http://www.clubmadrid.org/miembro/teresa-ribera/|website=World Leadership Alliance - Club de Madrid|language=es|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> belongs to the international council of the BC3, to the advisory council of the Institut pour la Recherche du Développement (IRD)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teresa Ribera|url=https://retina.elpais.com/retina/2019/10/08/eventos/1570552049_137938.html|date=2019-10-22|website=EL PAÍS RETINA|language=es|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> and to the patronages of Fundipax<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teresa Ribera|url=https://www.psoe.es/gobierno-del-cambio/teresa-ribera/|last=|first=|date=|website=www.psoe.es|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> and [[Fundación Alternativas]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=La Fundación Alternativas del PSOE recibe 100.000 euros anuales del Banco Santander|url=http://www.lacelosia.com/la-fundacion-alternativas-del-psoe-recibe-100-000-euros-anuales-del-banco-santander/|date=2019-10-30|website=La Celosía|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> In September 2013, she began to collaborate with the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI), based in Paris, and in June 2014 she assumed its direction. The organization is dedicated to the analysis of strategic issues related to sustainable development, climate change, protection of [[biodiversity]], food security and management of the urbanization process.<ref>[https://eulacfoundation.org/es/mapeo/instituto-de-desarrollo-sostenible-y-relaciones-internacionales Instituto de Desarrollo Sostenible y Relaciones Internacionales] {{in lang|es}}</ref>
Ribera is also a member of several advisory councils, including the Global Leadership Council of the [[United Nations]] Sustainable Development Solutions Network (UNSDSN),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leaders from Global Sustainability Network Unite to Call for G20 Action on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Ahead of the G20 Antalya Summit|url=http://unsdsn.org/news/2015/11/10/sdsn-regional-and-national-networks-call-for-commitments-to-sdgs-ahead-of-g20-turkey/|date=2015-11-10|website=unsdsn.org|language=en|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> the global climate change advisory council of the [[World Economic Forum]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Spain begins a 'new normal' as children are allowed to play outside for the first time in six weeks|url=https://www.weforum.org/covid-action-platform/articles/air-on-your-face-spanish-children-get-outside-for-first-time-in-six-weeks/|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> and the Momentum For Change initiative of [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] (UNFCCC);<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teresa Ribera is an advisor to the WLA - Club de Madrid|url=http://www.clubmadrid.org/miembro/teresa-ribera/|website=World Leadership Alliance - Club de Madrid|language=es|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> belongs to the international council of the BC3, to the advisory council of the Institut pour la Recherche du Développement (IRD)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teresa Ribera|url=https://retina.elpais.com/retina/2019/10/08/eventos/1570552049_137938.html|date=2019-10-22|website=EL PAÍS RETINA|language=es|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> and to the patronages of Fundipax<ref>{{Cite web|title=Teresa Ribera|url=https://www.psoe.es/gobierno-del-cambio/teresa-ribera/|last=|first=|date=|website=www.psoe.es|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> and [[Fundación Alternativas]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=La Fundación Alternativas del PSOE recibe 100.000 euros anuales del Banco Santander|url=http://www.lacelosia.com/la-fundacion-alternativas-del-psoe-recibe-100-000-euros-anuales-del-banco-santander/|date=2019-10-30|website=La Celosía|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref> In September 2013, she began to collaborate with the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI), based in Paris, and in June 2014 she assumed its direction. The organization is dedicated to the analysis of strategic issues related to sustainable development, climate change, protection of [[biodiversity]], food security and management of the urbanization process.<ref>[https://eulacfoundation.org/es/mapeo/instituto-de-desarrollo-sostenible-y-relaciones-internacionales Instituto de Desarrollo Sostenible y Relaciones Internacionales] {{in lang|es}}</ref>


In May 2014, the prosecutor's office denounced the development of a gas storage site, called Project Castor, which was halted because of [[Seismology|seismic]] activity. Environmental ''prevaricación'' was alleged, and one of the accusations was directed against Teresa Ribera, because when the project was approved by the Government in 2008, she occupied the State Secretariat of Climate Change and was the person who signed the [[environmental impact assessment]] by which the project was authorized.<ref>[https://elpais.com/sociedad/2014/05/13/actualidad/1400015061_363623.html La fiscalía denunciará el proyecto Castor por prevaricación ambiental] {{in lang|es}}</ref><ref>[https://www.vozpopuli.com/buscon/Jose_Luis_Rodriguez_Zapatero-Teresa_Ribera_Rodriguez-El_Castor_0_700429968.html La “chica con glamour” de ZP, investigada por prevaricación en la Plataforma Castor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140353/https://www.vozpopuli.com/buscon/Jose_Luis_Rodriguez_Zapatero-Teresa_Ribera_Rodriguez-El_Castor_0_700429968.html |date=2018-06-12 }} {{in lang|es}}</ref> In 2015, 18 people were charged from the [[Geological and Mining Institute of Spain]] and the General Directorate of Quality and Environmental Evaluation. However, they held posts of a technical nature and no politicians were charged, including Ribera.<ref>[https://www.elconfidencial.com/empresas/2016-09-30/bloqueo-tecnicos-medio-ambiente-paraliza-evaluacion-ambiental-obras_1267362/ Efecto Castor: los técnicos apenas firman ya declaraciones de impacto ambiental] {{in lang|es}}</ref> In 2015, she joined [[Pedro Sánchez (politician)|Pedro Sánchez]]'s expert panel to prepare the Socialist Party's electoral program.<ref>[https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/espana/2015/06/24/lider-socialista-ficha-victoria-camps-teresa-ribera/0003_201506G24P15994.htm Pedro Sánchez también ficha a Victoria Camps y Teresa Ribera] {{in lang|es}}</ref>
In May 2014, the prosecutor's office denounced the development of a gas storage site, called Project Castor, which was halted because of [[Seismology|seismic]] activity. Environmental ''prevaricación'' was alleged, and one of the accusations was directed against Teresa Ribera because when the project was approved by the Government in 2008, she occupied the State Secretariat of Climate Change and was the person who signed the [[environmental impact assessment]] by which the project was authorized.<ref>[https://elpais.com/sociedad/2014/05/13/actualidad/1400015061_363623.html La fiscalía denunciará el proyecto Castor por prevaricación ambiental] {{in lang|es}}</ref><ref>[https://www.vozpopuli.com/buscon/Jose_Luis_Rodriguez_Zapatero-Teresa_Ribera_Rodriguez-El_Castor_0_700429968.html La “chica con glamour” de ZP, investigada por prevaricación en la Plataforma Castor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140353/https://www.vozpopuli.com/buscon/Jose_Luis_Rodriguez_Zapatero-Teresa_Ribera_Rodriguez-El_Castor_0_700429968.html |date=2018-06-12 }} {{in lang|es}}</ref> In 2015, 18 people were charged from the [[Geological and Mining Institute of Spain]] and the General Directorate of Quality and Environmental Evaluation. However, they held posts of a technical nature and no politicians were charged, including Ribera.<ref>[https://www.elconfidencial.com/empresas/2016-09-30/bloqueo-tecnicos-medio-ambiente-paraliza-evaluacion-ambiental-obras_1267362/ Efecto Castor: los técnicos apenas firman ya declaraciones de impacto ambiental] {{in lang|es}}</ref> In 2015, she joined [[Pedro Sánchez (politician)|Pedro Sánchez]]'s expert panel to prepare the Socialist Party's electoral program.<ref>[https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/espana/2015/06/24/lider-socialista-ficha-victoria-camps-teresa-ribera/0003_201506G24P15994.htm Pedro Sánchez también ficha a Victoria Camps y Teresa Ribera] {{in lang|es}}</ref>


== Political career ==
== Political career ==
===Minister for the Ecological Transition===
===Minister for the Ecological Transition===
In June 2018, it was announced that Ribera would be the [[Ministry for the Ecological Transition|Minister for the Ecological Transition]] of the [[Sánchez I Government|Sánchez government]],<ref>[http://www.europapress.es/sociedad/medio-ambiente-00647/noticia-teresa-ribera-acepta-ser-ministra-transicion-energetica-medio-ambiente-20180604225706.html Teresa Ribera acepta ser ministra de Transición Energética y Medio Ambiente] {{in lang|es}}</ref> following the [[2018 vote of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy|motion of censure]] that the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] presented against the previous government of [[Mariano Rajoy]] ([[People's Party (Spain)|PP]]) and that was approved by the [[Congress of Deputies]]. On 1 June 2018, Sánchez appointed her as Minister in new [[Sánchez I Government|Spanish government]]. [[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI]] sanctioned by [[royal decree]] of June her appointment as holder of the portfolio of [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Minister for the Ecological Transition]].<ref>[http://boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2018-7577 Real Decreto 357/2018, de 6 de junio, por el que se nombran Ministros del Gobierno] {{in lang|es}}</ref> On 7 June she took office as Minister before the King at [[Palace of Zarzuela]].<ref>[http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180607/444191293514/los-17-del-consejo-de-ministras-y-ministros-de-sanchez-prometen-ante-el-rey.html Los 17 del "Consejo de Ministras y Ministros" de Sánchez prometen ante el Rey] {{in lang|es}}</ref>
In June 2018, it was announced that Ribera would be the [[Ministry for the Ecological Transition|Minister for the Ecological Transition]] of the [[Sánchez I Government|Sánchez government]],<ref>[http://www.europapress.es/sociedad/medio-ambiente-00647/noticia-teresa-ribera-acepta-ser-ministra-transicion-energetica-medio-ambiente-20180604225706.html Teresa Ribera acepta ser ministra de Transición Energética y Medio Ambiente] {{in lang|es}}</ref> following the [[2018 vote of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy|motion of censure]] that the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] presented against the previous government of [[Mariano Rajoy]] ([[People's Party (Spain)|PP]]) and that was approved by the [[Congress of Deputies]]. On 1 June 2018, Sánchez appointed her as Minister in the new [[Sánchez I Government|Spanish government]]. [[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI]] sanctioned by [[royal decree]] of June her appointment as holder of the portfolio of [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Minister for the Ecological Transition]].<ref>[http://boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2018-7577 Real Decreto 357/2018, de 6 de junio, por el que se nombran Ministros del Gobierno] {{in lang|es}}</ref> On 7 June she took office as Minister before the King at [[Palace of Zarzuela]].<ref>[http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180607/444191293514/los-17-del-consejo-de-ministras-y-ministros-de-sanchez-prometen-ante-el-rey.html Los 17 del "Consejo de Ministras y Ministros" de Sánchez prometen ante el Rey] {{in lang|es}}</ref>


The first measures that Ribera carried out as minister was to end the so-called "sun tax" to allow the free production of power in an effort to increase ecological power and to reduce the price of electricity.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/spain-abolishes-the-tax-on-the-sun|title=Spain Abolishes the 'Tax on the Sun'|access-date=2018-10-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-politics-electricity/spain-scraps-sun-tax-in-measures-to-cool-electricity-prices-idUSKCN1MF1T0|title=Spain scraps 'sun tax' in measures to cool electricity prices|last=Binnie|first=Isla|work=U.S.|access-date=2018-10-27|language=en-US}}</ref> In an effort to end [[coal pollution]] and to transform the power production of [[Spain]], Ribera reached an agreement with unions to close most of the coal mines that still survived in the north of the country by making an investment of [[Euro|€]]250 million to avoid a fall in the miners’ standard of living and to restore the environmental balance of the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/26/spain-to-close-most-coal-mines-after-striking-250m-deal|title=Spain to close most coalmines in €250m transition deal|last=Neslen|first=Arthur|date=2018-10-26|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-10-27}}</ref>
The first measures that Ribera carried out as minister was to end the so-called "sun tax" to allow the free production of power in an effort to increase ecological power and to reduce the price of electricity.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/spain-abolishes-the-tax-on-the-sun|title=Spain Abolishes the 'Tax on the Sun'|access-date=2018-10-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-politics-electricity/spain-scraps-sun-tax-in-measures-to-cool-electricity-prices-idUSKCN1MF1T0|title=Spain scraps 'sun tax' in measures to cool electricity prices|last=Binnie|first=Isla|work=U.S.|access-date=2018-10-27|language=en-US}}</ref> In an effort to end [[coal pollution]] and to transform the power production of [[Spain]], Ribera reached an agreement with unions to close most of the coal mines that still survived in the north of the country by investing [[Euro|€]]250 million to avoid a fall in the miners’ standard of living and to restore the environmental balance of the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/26/spain-to-close-most-coal-mines-after-striking-250m-deal|title=Spain to close most coalmines in €250m transition deal|last=Neslen|first=Arthur|date=2018-10-26|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-10-27}}</ref>


In a letter sent to their counterparts in the [[European Commission]] – [[Miguel Arias Cañete]] and [[Pierre Moscovici]] – in May 2019, Ribera and Budget Minister [[María Jesús Montero]] called on the European Union to assess a potential [[carbon tax]] on power imports to protect the bloc’s interests and help it to pursue its environmental targets amid growing public concern over climate change.<ref>Belen Carreño (May 27, 2019), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-energy-spain/spain-proposes-eu-carbon-tax-on-energy-imports-idUKKCN1SX1AQ Spain proposes EU carbon tax on energy imports] ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref>
In a letter sent to their counterparts in the [[European Commission]] – [[Miguel Arias Cañete]] and [[Pierre Moscovici]] – in May 2019, Ribera and Budget Minister [[María Jesús Montero]] called on the European Union to assess a potential [[carbon tax]] on power imports to protect the bloc’s interests and help it to pursue its environmental targets amid growing public concern over climate change.<ref>Belen Carreño (May 27, 2019), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-energy-spain/spain-proposes-eu-carbon-tax-on-energy-imports-idUKKCN1SX1AQ Spain proposes EU carbon tax on energy imports] ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref>
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In May 2021, the Spanish parliament passed the [[Climate Change and Energy Transition Act]].
In May 2021, the Spanish parliament passed the [[Climate Change and Energy Transition Act]].


In late 2021, the cabinet approved Ribera’s 16.3 billion euro energy plan, which is to allocate 6.9 billion euros ($7.8 billion) to renewables, green hydrogen and energy storage over two years and to attract another 9.45 billion euros in private funding under its COVID-19 recovery plan.<ref>Nathan Allen (14 December 2021), [https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/spain-invest-69-bln-euros-renewables-green-hydrogen-energy-storage-2021-12-14/ Spain to invest 6.9 bln euros in renewables, green hydrogen, energy storage] ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref>
In late 2021, the cabinet approved Ribera’s 16.3 billion euro energy plan, which is to allocate 6.9 billion euros ($7.8 billion) to renewables, [[green hydrogen]] and energy storage over two years and to attract another 9.45 billion euros in private funding under its COVID-19 recovery plan.<ref>Nathan Allen (14 December 2021), [https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/spain-invest-69-bln-euros-renewables-green-hydrogen-energy-storage-2021-12-14/ Spain to invest 6.9 bln euros in renewables, green hydrogen, energy storage] ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref>


Ribera, along with [[Shauna Aminath]], led the working group at the [[2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] that facilitated consultations on [[Climate change mitigation|mitigation]].<ref>[https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/16%20November%20COP27%20President%20update.pdf Letter to Parties and Observers, 16 November 2022] [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]].</ref>
Ribera, along with [[Shauna Aminath]], led the working group at the [[2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] that facilitated consultations on [[Climate change mitigation|mitigation]].<ref>[https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/16%20November%20COP27%20President%20update.pdf Letter to Parties and Observers, 16 November 2022] [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]].</ref>

===European Commissioner===
On 17 September 2024, the president of the European Commission, [[Ursula von der Leyen]], announced the composition of the [[College of Commissioners]] for the period 2024–2029. In the case of Teresa Ribera, who had been proposed by the Government of Spain as commissioner,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carreño |first=Belén |date=28 August 2024 |title=Spain proposes Energy Minister Ribera for EU Commissioner post |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/spain-proposes-energy-minister-ribera-eu-commissioner-post-2024-08-28/ |access-date=17 September 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref> she was chosen to occupy the [[European Commissioner for Competition|Competition portfolio]], one of the most relevant of the Commission, as well as an executive vice presidency in charge of [[Natural environment|environmental affairs]], [[energy transition]] and [[Competition (economics)|competition]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rankin |first=Jennifer |date=2024-09-17 |title=Spanish Socialist Teresa Ribera gets top EU role steering climate and antitrust policy |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/17/spain-socialist-teresa-ribera-eu-role-climate-antitrust-european-commission-ursula-von-der-leyen |access-date=2024-09-17 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-17 |title=Spain’s Teresa Ribera gets top job in charge of competition, climate in new Commission |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/spains-ribera-nominated-as-commissions-first-vp-in-charge-of-clean-transition/ |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=POLITICO |language=en-GB}}</ref>

During her hearings for her commissioner’s role, the [[European People's Party]] questioned Teresa over the management of the disastrous flash floods of October in Valencia, accusing her of ignoring the needs to update, drain and improve the [[Rambla del Poyo]] as the head of the [[Ministry of Environment (Spain)|Ministry of Environment]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Telemadrid |date=2024-11-12 |title=El ministerio de Ribera frenó la reforma del barranco del Poyo en 2020 |url=https://www.telemadrid.es/programas/telenoticias-1/El-ministerio-de-Ribera-freno-la-reforma-del-barranco-del-Poyo-en-2020-2-2724347557--20241112030641.amp.html |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=Telemadrid |language=es}}</ref> Despite this initial opposition, her appointment was approved by Parliament on 27 November 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-27 |title=Parliament approves von der Leyen’s right-leaning Commission for Dec. 1 start |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/european-parliament-approves-ursula-von-der-leyen-right-leaning-commission-for-dec-1-start/ |access-date=2024-12-23 |website=POLITICO |language=en-GB}}</ref> assuming the office on December 1st.


== Recognition ==
== Recognition ==
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==External links==
{{Authority control}}
* [https://commission.europa.eu/about/organisation/college-commissioners/teresa-ribera_en Teresa Ribera] – Official Commissioner Website
{{Von der Leyen Commission II}}{{European Commissioners from Spain}}{{Authority control}}
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{{Portal bar|Politics|Spain|Biography|Environment|Global warming}}


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Revision as of 09:10, 23 December 2024

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Ribera and the second or maternal family name is Rodríguez.

The Most Excellent
Teresa Ribera
Official portrait, 2024
First Executive Vice-President for Clean, Just and Competitive Transition
Incumbent
Assuming office
1 December 2024
PresidentUrsula von der Leyen
SucceedingMaroš Šefčovič
European Commissioner for Competitiveness
Incumbent
Assuming office
1 December 2024
PresidentUrsula von der Leyen
SucceedingMargrethe Vestager
Third Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
In office
12 July 2021 – 25 November 2024
Prime MinisterPedro Sánchez
Preceded byYolanda Díaz
Succeeded bySara Aagesen
Minister for the Ecological Transition
and the Demographic Challenge
In office
7 June 2018 – 25 November 2024
Prime MinisterPedro Sánchez
Preceded byIsabel García Tejerina (environment)
Álvaro Nadal (energy)
Succeeded bySara Aagesen
Fourth Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
In office
13 January 2020 – 12 July 2021
Prime MinisterPedro Sánchez
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byMaría Jesús Montero
Member of the Congress of Deputies
In office
17 August 2023 – 1 December 2023
ConstituencyMadrid
In office
21 May 2019 – 21 February 2020
ConstituencyMadrid
Secretary of State for Climate Change
In office
22 April 2008 – 30 December 2011
Prime MinisterJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byOffice abolished
Director of the Spanish Office of Climate Change
In office
11 February 2005 – 22 April 2008
Prime MinisterJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
Personal details
Born
Teresa Ribera Rodríguez

(1969-05-19) May 19, 1969 (age 55)
Madrid, Spain
Political partySpanish Socialist Worker's Party (2011–present)
Other political
affiliations		Independent (until 2011)
SpouseMariano Bacigalupo
Children3
Alma materComplutense University of Madrid
OccupationJurist • Lawyer • Professor • Politician

Teresa Ribera Rodríguez (pronounced [teˈɾesa riˈβeɾa]; born 19 May 1969) is a Spanish jurist, adjunct professor, and politician who is the First Executive Vice-President of the European Commission for Clean, Just and Competitive Transition and Commissioner for Competitiveness under the second Von der Leyen Commission. She previously served as the minister for the Ecological Transition of Spain since 2018, after Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez came into power following the successful no-confidence motion against Mariano Rajoy. In 2020, she was appointed as fourth deputy prime minister and in 2021 she was promoted to third deputy prime minister.

Between 2008 and 2011 Ribera held the position of Secretary of State for Climate Change in the second administration of Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. Between 2014 and 2018, she was director of the Institute of Sustainable Development and International Relations, based in Paris.

Early years and education

Ribera graduated from the Complutense University of Madrid with a degree in legal studies, with further studies at the Center for Constitutional Studies attaining her another degree in constitutional law and political science.[1]

Early career

Ribera belongs to the Superior Body of Civil Administrators of the State of which she has been a surplus official since 2012.[1] Ribera has been an adjunct professor of the Department of Public Law and Philosophy of Law at the Autonomous University of Madrid.[1]

Ribera has held various technical positions in public administration, such as the position of Chief of Coordination of the Ministry of Development and of Technical Adviser in the Cabinet of the Assistant Secretary for the Environment and Head of the Compliance and Development area. Between 2004 and 2008 she was general director of the Office of Climate Change and between 2008 and 2011 she assumed the Secretary of State for Climate Change (in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and Environment) during the government of president José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.[2]

International work

Ribera is also a member of several advisory councils, including the Global Leadership Council of the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (UNSDSN),[3] the global climate change advisory council of the World Economic Forum,[4] and the Momentum For Change initiative of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC);[5] belongs to the international council of the BC3, to the advisory council of the Institut pour la Recherche du Développement (IRD)[6] and to the patronages of Fundipax[7] and Fundación Alternativas.[8] In September 2013, she began to collaborate with the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI), based in Paris, and in June 2014 she assumed its direction. The organization is dedicated to the analysis of strategic issues related to sustainable development, climate change, protection of biodiversity, food security and management of the urbanization process.[9]

In May 2014, the prosecutor's office denounced the development of a gas storage site, called Project Castor, which was halted because of seismic activity. Environmental prevaricación was alleged, and one of the accusations was directed against Teresa Ribera because when the project was approved by the Government in 2008, she occupied the State Secretariat of Climate Change and was the person who signed the environmental impact assessment by which the project was authorized.[10][11] In 2015, 18 people were charged from the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain and the General Directorate of Quality and Environmental Evaluation. However, they held posts of a technical nature and no politicians were charged, including Ribera.[12] In 2015, she joined Pedro Sánchez's expert panel to prepare the Socialist Party's electoral program.[13]

Political career

Minister for the Ecological Transition

In June 2018, it was announced that Ribera would be the Minister for the Ecological Transition of the Sánchez government,[14] following the motion of censure that the PSOE presented against the previous government of Mariano Rajoy (PP) and that was approved by the Congress of Deputies. On 1 June 2018, Sánchez appointed her as Minister in the new Spanish government. Felipe VI sanctioned by royal decree of June her appointment as holder of the portfolio of Minister for the Ecological Transition.[15] On 7 June she took office as Minister before the King at Palace of Zarzuela.[16]

The first measures that Ribera carried out as minister was to end the so-called "sun tax" to allow the free production of power in an effort to increase ecological power and to reduce the price of electricity.[17][18] In an effort to end coal pollution and to transform the power production of Spain, Ribera reached an agreement with unions to close most of the coal mines that still survived in the north of the country by investing €250 million to avoid a fall in the miners’ standard of living and to restore the environmental balance of the area.[19]

In a letter sent to their counterparts in the European Commission – Miguel Arias Cañete and Pierre Moscovici – in May 2019, Ribera and Budget Minister María Jesús Montero called on the European Union to assess a potential carbon tax on power imports to protect the bloc’s interests and help it to pursue its environmental targets amid growing public concern over climate change.[20]

Under Ribera's leadership, the Spanish government stepped in to host the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference after riots over inequality prompted Chile to withdraw with just one month’s notice.[21][22]

Deputy Prime Minister

On 13 January 2020, Ribera assumed the office of Fourth Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for the Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge before the King in Zarzuela Palace in the Sánchez second cabinet.[23][24] It was the first time in the history of Spain that a government would have four vice-presidencies.[25]

In April 2020, the Prime Minister commissioned Ribera to carry out the plan to ease the lockdown, that is, the way in which the country would exit the State of Alarm activated due to the COVID-19 viral pandemic.[26] For this objective, Ribera organized a group of experts in all areas, from economics to epidemiologists.[27] In statements to EFE news agency in April, Ribera said that the recovery should be done with "green" and "solidary" measures.[28] She then called for a "Green New Deal" for Spain to both further environmentalism and help the country get out of the national lockdown.[29] She stated in May that tourism, which accounts for 12% of Spanish GDP, was of "particular concern" when it came to the impending economic recession in Spain due to the coronavirus.[30][31]

On 15 December 2020, Ribera was one of the first European ministers to declare that if it was not possible to make the Energy Charter Treaty compatible with the Paris Agreement, there would be no choice but to withdraw from it.[32]

In July 2021, after the resignation of Second DPM Pablo Iglesias, Ribera's post was suppressed and she was appointed Third Deputy Prime Minister.[33]

In May 2021, the Spanish parliament passed the Climate Change and Energy Transition Act.

In late 2021, the cabinet approved Ribera’s 16.3 billion euro energy plan, which is to allocate 6.9 billion euros ($7.8 billion) to renewables, green hydrogen and energy storage over two years and to attract another 9.45 billion euros in private funding under its COVID-19 recovery plan.[34]

Ribera, along with Shauna Aminath, led the working group at the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference that facilitated consultations on mitigation.[35]

European Commissioner

On 17 September 2024, the president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, announced the composition of the College of Commissioners for the period 2024–2029. In the case of Teresa Ribera, who had been proposed by the Government of Spain as commissioner,[36] she was chosen to occupy the Competition portfolio, one of the most relevant of the Commission, as well as an executive vice presidency in charge of environmental affairs, energy transition and competition.[37][38]

During her hearings for her commissioner’s role, the European People's Party questioned Teresa over the management of the disastrous flash floods of October in Valencia, accusing her of ignoring the needs to update, drain and improve the Rambla del Poyo as the head of the Ministry of Environment.[39] Despite this initial opposition, her appointment was approved by Parliament on 27 November 2024,[40] assuming the office on December 1st.

Recognition

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c CV Teresa Ribera (in Spanish)
  2. ^ REAL DECRETO 573/2008, de 21 de abril, por el que se nombra Secretaria de Estado de Cambio Climático a doña Teresa Ribera Rodríguez (in Spanish)
  3. ^ "Leaders from Global Sustainability Network Unite to Call for G20 Action on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Ahead of the G20 Antalya Summit". unsdsn.org. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  4. ^ "Spain begins a 'new normal' as children are allowed to play outside for the first time in six weeks". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  5. ^ "Teresa Ribera is an advisor to the WLA - Club de Madrid". World Leadership Alliance - Club de Madrid (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  6. ^ "Teresa Ribera". EL PAÍS RETINA (in Spanish). 22 October 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  7. ^ "Teresa Ribera". www.psoe.es. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  8. ^ "La Fundación Alternativas del PSOE recibe 100.000 euros anuales del Banco Santander". La Celosía. 30 October 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  9. ^ Instituto de Desarrollo Sostenible y Relaciones Internacionales (in Spanish)
  10. ^ La fiscalía denunciará el proyecto Castor por prevaricación ambiental (in Spanish)
  11. ^ La “chica con glamour” de ZP, investigada por prevaricación en la Plataforma Castor Archived 2018-06-12 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
  12. ^ Efecto Castor: los técnicos apenas firman ya declaraciones de impacto ambiental (in Spanish)
  13. ^ Pedro Sánchez también ficha a Victoria Camps y Teresa Ribera (in Spanish)
  14. ^ Teresa Ribera acepta ser ministra de Transición Energética y Medio Ambiente (in Spanish)
  15. ^ Real Decreto 357/2018, de 6 de junio, por el que se nombran Ministros del Gobierno (in Spanish)
  16. ^ Los 17 del "Consejo de Ministras y Ministros" de Sánchez prometen ante el Rey (in Spanish)
  17. ^ "Spain Abolishes the 'Tax on the Sun'". Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  18. ^ Binnie, Isla. "Spain scraps 'sun tax' in measures to cool electricity prices". U.S. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  19. ^ Neslen, Arthur (26 October 2018). "Spain to close most coalmines in €250m transition deal". the Guardian. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  20. ^ Belen Carreño (May 27, 2019), Spain proposes EU carbon tax on energy imports Reuters.
  21. ^ Isla Binnie and Belén Carreño (November 26, 2019), Summit host Spain chides 'silent complicity' in climate crisis Reuters.
  22. ^ Daniel Dombey and Leslie Hook (December 1, 2019), Splits widen over global climate goals as UN summit gathers Financial Times.
  23. ^ "Real Decreto 7/2020, de 12 de enero, por el que se nombra Vicepresidenta Cuarta del Gobierno a doña Teresa Ribera Rodríguez". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). 12 January 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  24. ^ "Real Decreto 8/2020, de 12 de enero, por el que se nombran Ministros del Gobierno". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). 12 January 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  25. ^ "Por primera vez en España, el Gobierno tendrá cuatro Vicepresidencias". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 9 January 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  26. ^ "Sánchez encarga a Teresa Ribera el plan para la desescalada del confinamiento". El Español (in European Spanish). 14 April 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  27. ^ elEconomista.es. "Teresa Ribera coordinará el proceso de desescalada de las medidas de confinamiento - elEconomista.es". www.eleconomista.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  28. ^ "Teresa Ribera: la recuperación verde y solidaria es "la única opción"". www.efeverde.com. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  29. ^ "European Green Deal must be central to a resilient recovery after Covid-19". Climate Home News. 9 April 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  30. ^ Inc, Midwest Communications. "'Air on your face': Spanish children get outside for first time in six weeks". WKZO. Retrieved 8 May 2020. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  31. ^ Cué, Carlos E. (28 April 2020). "Sánchez incorpora al comité técnico del coronavirus al núcleo duro de La Moncloa". EL PAÍS (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  32. ^ "The obscure energy pact that threatens the EU's Green Deal". POLITICO. 18 December 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  33. ^ "Teresa Ribera, la lucha contra el cambio climático sube un escalón". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 10 July 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  34. ^ Nathan Allen (14 December 2021), Spain to invest 6.9 bln euros in renewables, green hydrogen, energy storage Reuters.
  35. ^ Letter to Parties and Observers, 16 November 2022 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
  36. ^ Carreño, Belén (28 August 2024). "Spain proposes Energy Minister Ribera for EU Commissioner post". Reuters. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  37. ^ Rankin, Jennifer (17 September 2024). "Spanish Socialist Teresa Ribera gets top EU role steering climate and antitrust policy". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  38. ^ "Spain's Teresa Ribera gets top job in charge of competition, climate in new Commission". POLITICO. 17 September 2024. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  39. ^ Telemadrid (12 November 2024). "El ministerio de Ribera frenó la reforma del barranco del Poyo en 2020". Telemadrid (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 November 2024.
  40. ^ "Parliament approves von der Leyen's right-leaning Commission for Dec. 1 start". POLITICO. 27 November 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
  41. ^ "Ribera calls on UN members to reinforce climate action - Energía16". www.energia16.com. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  42. ^ iAgua, redaccion (24 October 2018). "Teresa Ribera, premiada por su lucha contra el cambio climático". iAgua (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 October 2018.
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