Harlal Singh: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
try some sourcing |
TheSlumPanda (talk | contribs) No edit summary Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit |
||
| (39 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}} |
|||
'''Harlal Singh''' was a campaigner in the [[kisan|farmers' movement]] in India, described by Richard Sisson as "the single most important [[Jat]] leader in [[Shekhawati]]." Recruited to politics by the [[Jat Mahasabha]], he remained a member of that organisation from 1925 to 1929, at which time many people left it. There were growing concerns that the Mahasabha, which had been created by the [[British Raj]] administration, was being used by the Raj as a means of pacifying the Jat people by at once affirming that community's position in society but also preventing change.{{sfnp|Sisson|1966|p=951|ps=}} The farmer's movement desired abolition of the [[Jagirdari]]. |
|||
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}} |
|||
{{Infobox person |
|||
| name = Sardar Harlal Singh |
|||
| image = |
|||
| other_names = Sher -e- Shekhawati |
|||
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1901|02|03}} |
|||
| birth_place = [[Mandawa]], [[Rajasthan]] |
|||
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1982|03|21|1901|02|03}} |
|||
| death_place = [[Rajasthan]] |
|||
| nationality = [[India|Indian]] |
|||
| occupation = [[Political activist]], freedom fighter, social worker |
|||
| known_for = Leadership in the farmers' movement in [[colonial India]] |
|||
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] |
|||
| spouse = Smt. Kishori Devi |
|||
}} |
|||
'''Sardar Harlal Singh Dular''' (3 February 1901 – 21 March 1982) was a [[Resistance movement|freedom fighter]], [[Social work|social worker]], and [[politician]] from [[Rajasthan]], known for his significant contributions to the Shekhawati farmers movement and the abolition of the Jagirdari system. He was a member of the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-21 |title=हरलाल सिंह के बताए मार्ग पर चलने की शपथ ली: 'शेरे शेखावाटी' सरदार हरलाल सिंह की 39 वी पुण्यतिथि पर ग्रामीणों ने आदमक़द प्रतिमा पर किए पुष्प अर्पित - Jhunjhunu News |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/rajasthan/sikar/jhunjhunu/news/39th-death-anniversary-of-shere-shekhawati-sardar-harlal-singh-128344428.html |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=Dainik Bhaskar |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2021-01-01 |title=सरदार हरलाल सिंह की जयंती पर हई किसान गोष्ठी, किया गया नमन |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/rajasthan/state/jhunjhnu/farmer-seminar-organized-on-the-birth-anniversary-of-sardar-harlal-singh/rj20210101185815188 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sisson |first=J. Richard |date=1966-11-01 |title=Institutionalization and Style in Rajasthan Politics |url=https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/6/11/605/24044/Institutionalization-and-Style-in-Rajasthan |journal=Asian Survey |language=en |volume=6 |issue=11 |pages=605–613 |doi=10.2307/2642283 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref> |
|||
== Early life == |
|||
Singh was born into the [[Jats|Dular Jat]] family on 3 February 1901 in the village of [[Hanumanpur, Rajasthan|Hanumanpura]] near [[Mandawa]] in the [[Jhunjhunu district]] of Rajasthan. His family was deeply committed to the Indian freedom movement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=शेरे शेखावाटी सरदार हरलाल सिंह की 124वीं जयंती मनाई |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/rajasthan/jhunjhunu/mandawa/news/celebrated-the-124th-birth-anniversary-of-shere-shekhawati-sardar-harlal-singh-132579550.html |website=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref> |
|||
== Career == |
|||
Singh was from [[Dulad]]on ka Bas village, presently known as Hanumanpura. His gotra was [[Dullar]]. He was born in 1901 in the family of Chaudhary Daluram at village Hanumanpura of [[Jhunjhunu]] district in [[Rajasthan]]. His father died at the age of 13 years. His entire family was committed to the freedom movement. |
|||
=== Contribution to Freedom Movement === |
|||
Singh played a pivotal role in the Shekhawati farmers' movement, which aimed at the abolition of the [[Jagir|Jagirdari]] system. He faced eviction from his agricultural land and residence by the Jagirdars due to his active participation in the movement. Despite numerous false cases lodged against him and an attack in 1946, he remained undeterred. |
|||
=== Political Career === |
|||
In 1952, Singh was elected as an [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] for [[Chirawa]] from the [[Indian National Congress]]. He also served as the President of the [[Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee]], contributing significantly to the political landscape of Rajasthan. |
|||
=== Role in Jat Politics === |
|||
Described by Richard Sisson as "the single most important Jat leader in Shekhawati," Harlal Singh was a prominent campaigner in the farmers' movement of colonial India. Recruited to politics by the [[Jat Mahasabha]], he was an active member from 1925 to 1929. During his tenure, he witnessed growing concerns that the Mahasabha, established by the [[British Raj]], was being used to pacify the [[Jats|Jat]] community, affirming their societal position while preventing substantial change. |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
During the 1940s, Harlal Singh Dular served as the president of the [[All India States Peoples' Conference|Praja Mandal]], an urban-based political protest movement. This movement was a significant part of the broader struggle for Indian independence and sought to address the concerns of both urban and agrarian communities. As president, Singh was a crucial conduit between these communities, advocating for their collective interests and independence from British rule. |
|||
The Praja Mandal movement was instrumental in mobilizing the masses against the princely states' autocratic rule and the British Raj. It demanded civil and political rights, tax reduction, the abolition of forced labor (begar), and the establishment of a responsible government. Under Singh's leadership, the movement gained momentum in Rajasthan, particularly in the former princely state of Jaipur, where he later organized the Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee's activities post-independence. |
|||
==Jagirdari abolition movement== |
|||
Harlal Singh was evicted from his agricultural land and residence by the [[Jagirdar]]s for his acts of taking part in the Jagirdari abolition movement. Jagirdars lodged a number of false cases against him but he always succeeded in getting rid of them. The [[Dundlod]] [[Thakur (Indian title)|Thakur]] attacked him in 1946 in a planned conspiracy. In this a person was murdered and Harlal Singh’s brother Shri Rekh Singh received serious head injuries. All attempts by the Jagirdars could not separate him from the freedom movement, and he continued to lead the farmers and served the farmers through ''Kisan Sabha'' and ''Praja Manda''. |
|||
Singh's role in the Praja Mandal highlighted his ability to bridge the gap between different societal segments, uniting them under the common cause of freedom and reform. His efforts were not only pivotal in the fight against colonialism but also laid the groundwork for democratic governance in the region. |
|||
==Pushkar adhiveshan 1925== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
Pushkar adhiveshan 1925 organized by All India [[Jat Mahasabha]] was presided over by [[Maharaja Kishan Singh]] of [[Bharatpur, India|Bharatpur]]. [[Sir Chhotu Ram]], Madan Mohan Malviya, [[Chhajju Ram]] etc. farmer leaders had also attended. This function was organized with the initiative of Master Bhajan Lal [[Vijayrania|Bijarnia]] of [[Ajmer-Merwara]]. The farmers from all parts of Shekhawati had come namely, Chaudhary Govind Ram, Kunwar Panne Singh Deorod, Ram Singh Bakhtawarpura, Chetram Bhadarwasi, Bhuda Ram Sangasi, and Moti Ram Kotri. 24-year young boy Harlal Singh also attended it. The Shekhawati farmers took two oaths in Pushkar namely, |
|||
#They would work for the development of the society through elimination of social evils and spreading of education. |
|||
#‘Do or Die’ in the matters of exploitation of farmers by the Jagirdars. |
|||
==Jhunjhunu adhiveshan 1932== |
|||
There was a grand gathering of farmers under the banner of Jat Mahasabha in [[Jhunjhunu]] on 11–13 February 1932. Sixty thousand Jat farmers attended. [[Thakur Deshraj]] camped at Jhunjhunu for 15 days to make it a success. The farmers from all parts of India attended it. It was presided by Rao Sahib Chaudhary Rishal Singh Rayees, who was escorted from station to the place of meeting on elephant accompanied by a caravan of camels. This program was of Jats but all the communities cooperated and welcomed. Kunwar Panne Singh Deorod welcomed this rally whereas Vidyadhar Singh Sangasi did the welcome of ''Jaipur Prantiya Jat Kshatriya Sabha'' rallies. Though the Jagirdars did all attempts to make it a failure, but it proved a success. On the appeal of fund collection the participant farmers donated their gold ornaments, which they were wearing. This was the first opportunity of awakening the Shekhawati farmers and proved a grand success. Harlal Singh and Chaudhary Ghasi Ram had traveled a lot for its publicity and spread its message. Some of the competent people were awarded [[Kshatriya]] [[title]]s. For example Chaudhary Harlal Singh was awarded as ‘[[Sardar]]’, Ratan Singh of Bharatpur as ‘[[Kunwar]]’ and Chaudhary Ram Singh as ‘[[Thakur (Indian title)|Thakur]]’. Thus the Rajput monopoly over these titles vanished. |
|||
==The Jat Prajapati Maha-Yagya 1934== |
|||
In 1934, to spread the principles of [[Arya Samaj]] and create awakening in Shekhawati, it was decided to hold the [[Prajapati]] [[Yagya]] (Prayer ceremony for the Lord of Universe). The Jat Prajapati Maha-Yagya was organized at [[Sikar]] from 20–29 January 1934. [[Kunwar Hukam Singh]] Rahees [[Angai]] ([[Mathura, Uttar Pradesh|Mathura]]) was made Yagyapati or Chairman of the Yagya. He had been Chairman of the Arya Prathinidhi Sabha, Uttar Pradesh province and All Arya Prathinidhi Sabha, Delhi, for many years. Chaudhary Kaluram of village [[Kudan]] was the Yagyaman. Acharya Shri Jagdev Sidhanthi received an invitation for this Yagya at his Gurukul at [[Kirttal]], In that invitation was he requested to attend the Yagya and bring twenty [[Bhramchari]]s and disciples with him. Volunteers went to all the households in all the villages in the region and collected material that would be needed. They collected [[Ghee]], Flour, [[Gur]], and invited all the householders to participate. Hundreds of cans of Ghee and hundreds of sacks of flour were collected. |
|||
During the Yagya 3000 men and women adopted the Yogyopavit, which was a symbol ''Kisan sangathan'' (farmer's organization). Sheetal Kumari daughter of Kunwar Netram Singh adopted yagyopavit. Chaudhary Chimana Ram of Sangasi brought his wife wearing salwar-kurta. The unity of Jat farmers had terrified the [[Jagirdar]]s of [[Sikar]]. The role played by Harlal Singh and [[Thakur Deshraj]] was unparallel which made this yagya a grand success. |
|||
==A family committed for freedom== |
|||
[[Jagirdar]]s imprisoned Harlal Singh in 1938 for one year in two cases against him. During this period his mother Raja Devi and wife Kishori Devi took his place so that the movement is not adversely affected. They took a group of women in year 1939 and reached [[Jaipur]] for [[satyagrah]]. Both were arrested and put in Jail. Kishori had his 6-month-old son with her who was also kept in Jail. His mother Raja Devi was released from Jail only after she became seriously ill. Seth [[Jamana Lal Bajaj]] and [[Hira Lal Shastri]] tried their best to take her to Jaipur for treatment but she refused to leave his village. His wife Kishori Devi was also active and took part in all the movements, rallies, and gatherings for freedom from 1930 - 1947. Her role in the awakening of women in [[Jhunjhunu]] district was unique. |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
The Praja Mandal leaders also took keen interest in rural peasant affairs and held several of their sessions in rural area towns. The peasant leaders utilized the Praja Mandal as a valuable channel of access to the larger body of political protest and held important positions in it. Harlal Singh became the President of Praja Mandal. Others included Chowdhary Kisan Singh and Chowdhary Ishwar Singh. This movement got support from famous Kisan leaders like, [[Sir Chhotu Ram]], [[Baldev Ram Mirdha]], [[Nathuram Mirdha]] and [[Chaudhari Kumbharam Arya]]. After a long struggle the farmers got rid of oppression and got the ownership rights over the land they were cultivating. |
|||
After independence also he served the farmers through Congress Party. He was president of Praja Mandal in 1948. Harlal Singh later on also became first Chairman of Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee (RPCC) in 1957. |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
'''Citations''' |
|||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
'''Bibliography''' |
'''Bibliography''' |
||
{{refbegin}} |
{{refbegin}} |
||
* {{citation |first=J. Richard |last=Sisson |title=Institutionalization and Style in Rajasthan politics |journal=Asian Survey |volume=6 |issue=11 |date=November 1966 |pages= |
* {{citation |first=J. Richard |last=Sisson |title=Institutionalization and Style in Rajasthan politics |journal=Asian Survey |volume=6 |issue=11 |date=November 1966 |pages=605–613 |jstor=2642283 |doi=10.2307/2642283}} {{subscription required}}{{subscription required}} |
||
| ⚫ | |||
{{refend}} |
{{refend}} |
||
== Further reading == |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Rajasthani people]] |
[[Category:Rajasthani people]] |
||
[[Category:Date of birth unknown]] |
|||
[[Category:Date of death unknown]] |
|||
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1952–1957]] |
|||
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Rajasthan]] |
|||
[[Category:1901 births]] |
|||
[[Category:1982 deaths]] |
|||
[[Category:People from Jhunjhunu district]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 17:51, 23 December 2024
Sardar Harlal Singh | |
|---|---|
| Born | February 3, 1901 |
| Died | March 21, 1982 (aged 81) |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Other names | Sher -e- Shekhawati |
| Occupation(s) | Political activist, freedom fighter, social worker |
| Known for | Leadership in the farmers' movement in colonial India |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Spouse | Smt. Kishori Devi |
Sardar Harlal Singh Dular (3 February 1901 – 21 March 1982) was a freedom fighter, social worker, and politician from Rajasthan, known for his significant contributions to the Shekhawati farmers movement and the abolition of the Jagirdari system. He was a member of the Indian National Congress.[1][2][3]
Early life
[edit]Singh was born into the Dular Jat family on 3 February 1901 in the village of Hanumanpura near Mandawa in the Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan. His family was deeply committed to the Indian freedom movement.[4]
Career
[edit]Contribution to Freedom Movement
[edit]Singh played a pivotal role in the Shekhawati farmers' movement, which aimed at the abolition of the Jagirdari system. He faced eviction from his agricultural land and residence by the Jagirdars due to his active participation in the movement. Despite numerous false cases lodged against him and an attack in 1946, he remained undeterred.
Political Career
[edit]In 1952, Singh was elected as an MLA for Chirawa from the Indian National Congress. He also served as the President of the Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee, contributing significantly to the political landscape of Rajasthan.
Role in Jat Politics
[edit]Described by Richard Sisson as "the single most important Jat leader in Shekhawati," Harlal Singh was a prominent campaigner in the farmers' movement of colonial India. Recruited to politics by the Jat Mahasabha, he was an active member from 1925 to 1929. During his tenure, he witnessed growing concerns that the Mahasabha, established by the British Raj, was being used to pacify the Jat community, affirming their societal position while preventing substantial change.
Praja Mandal Movement
[edit]During the 1940s, Harlal Singh Dular served as the president of the Praja Mandal, an urban-based political protest movement. This movement was a significant part of the broader struggle for Indian independence and sought to address the concerns of both urban and agrarian communities. As president, Singh was a crucial conduit between these communities, advocating for their collective interests and independence from British rule.
The Praja Mandal movement was instrumental in mobilizing the masses against the princely states' autocratic rule and the British Raj. It demanded civil and political rights, tax reduction, the abolition of forced labor (begar), and the establishment of a responsible government. Under Singh's leadership, the movement gained momentum in Rajasthan, particularly in the former princely state of Jaipur, where he later organized the Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee's activities post-independence.
Singh's role in the Praja Mandal highlighted his ability to bridge the gap between different societal segments, uniting them under the common cause of freedom and reform. His efforts were not only pivotal in the fight against colonialism but also laid the groundwork for democratic governance in the region.
References
[edit]- ^ "हरलाल सिंह के बताए मार्ग पर चलने की शपथ ली: 'शेरे शेखावाटी' सरदार हरलाल सिंह की 39 वी पुण्यतिथि पर ग्रामीणों ने आदमक़द प्रतिमा पर किए पुष्प अर्पित - Jhunjhunu News". Dainik Bhaskar (in Hindi). 21 March 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ Bharat, E. T. V. (1 January 2021). "सरदार हरलाल सिंह की जयंती पर हई किसान गोष्ठी, किया गया नमन". ETV Bharat News (in Hindi). Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ Sisson, J. Richard (1 November 1966). "Institutionalization and Style in Rajasthan Politics". Asian Survey. 6 (11): 605–613. doi:10.2307/2642283. ISSN 0004-4687.
- ^ "शेरे शेखावाटी सरदार हरलाल सिंह की 124वीं जयंती मनाई". Dainik Bhaskar.
Bibliography
- Sisson, J. Richard (November 1966), "Institutionalization and Style in Rajasthan politics", Asian Survey, 6 (11): 605–613, doi:10.2307/2642283, JSTOR 2642283 (subscription required)(subscription required)
Further reading
[edit]- Sisson, Richard (December 1969). "Peasant Movements and Political Mobilization: The Jats of Rajasthan". Asian Survey. 9 (12): 946–963. doi:10.2307/2642561. JSTOR 264256.