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'''Edmund Jacobson''' (b. [[April 22]], [[1888]] in [[Chicago]]; d. [[January 7]], [[1983]] in [[Chicago]]) was a US-American physician in internal medicine and psychiatry and a physiologist. He was the founder of the [[Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation|Progressive Muscle Relaxation]] and of [[Biofeedback]].
{{infobox medical person
|image = Edmund_Jacobson.jpg
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1888|4|22}}
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1983|1|7|1888|4|22}}
|birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], US
|death_place = Chicago, Illinois, US
|known_for = [[Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation|Progressive Muscle Relaxation]]
|alma_mater = {{hlist|[[Northwestern University]]|[[Harvard University]]|[[Rush Medical School]]}}
}}
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'''Edmund Jacobson''' (April 22, 1888 – January 7, 1983) was an American physician in internal medicine and psychiatry and a physiologist. He was the creator of [[Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation|Progressive Muscle Relaxation]] and of [[Biofeedback]].


==Biography==
He was the son of Morris Jacobson, a realtor in Chicago, born in [[Strasbourg]], and his wife Fannie, born in [[Iowa]].
He was born on April 22, 1888, [[Chicago]] to Fannie and Morris Jacobson.<ref name=obit/><ref name=Surgeons>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmedicin00biog/page/602/mode/1up |title=History of Medicine and Surgery, and Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago |publisher=The Biographical Publishing Corporation |place=Chicago |page=602 |date=1922 |access-date=2024-04-19 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> His father was a realtor in Chicago, who was born in [[Strasbourg]], and his wife Fannie was born in [[Iowa]].


After a B.S. degree from Northwestern University in 1908, Jacobson received M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from [[Harvard University]] and then returned to Chicago as an assistant in physiology. Here he obtained his M.D. degree in 1915.
He received a B.S. degree from Northwestern University in 1908 in just two years. Jacobson received M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from [[Harvard University]]. He took a postgraduate course at [[Cornell University]] in 1911.<ref name=Surgeons/> He returned to Chicago as an assistant in physiology. Here he obtained his M.D. degree from [[Rush Medical School]] in 1915.<ref name=obit/>


[[File:Edmund Jacobson (1888–1983).png|thumb|left|150px|{{Circa|1922}}]]
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He began his physiological investigations at [[Harvard University]] in 1908. In 1921, he introduced the application of psychological principles to medical practice which was later called [[psychosomatic]] medicine. Employing low microvoltage apparatus, Jacobson also made the first accurate electrical measurement of muscular tonus, nerve impulses and mental activities in [[neuromuscular]] sites in living men.


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In 1921, he introduced the application of psychological principles to medical practice which was later called [[psychosomatic]] medicine. Employing low microvoltage apparatus, Jacobson also made the first accurate electrical measurement of muscular tonus, nerve impulses and mental activities in [[neuromuscular]] sites in living men.
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Jacobson was able to prove the connection between excessive muscular tension and different disorders of body and psyche. He found out that tension and exertion was always accompanied by a shortening of the muscular fibres, that the reduction of the muscular tonus decreased the activity of the [[central nervous system]], that [[relaxation]] was the contrary of states of excitement and well suited for a general remedy and [[prophylaxis]] against [[psychosomatic]] disorders.


⚫
Jacobson was able to prove the connection between excessive muscular tension and different disorders of body and psyche. He found out that tension and exertion was always accompanied by a shortening of the muscular fibres, that the reduction of the muscular tonus decreased the activity of the [[central nervous system]], that [[Relaxation technique|relaxation]] was the contrary of states of excitement and well suited for a general remedy and [[prophylaxis]] against [[psychosomatic]] disorders.
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In 1929, after twenty years of research, Jacobson began to publish his results in the book "Progressive Relaxation" <ref>Jacobson, E. (1938). Progressive relaxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press</ref>. His major work, "You must relax", addressing the general public, came out in 1934.


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In 1929, after twenty years of research, Jacobson began to publish his results in the book ''Progressive Relaxation''.<ref>Jacobson, E. (1938). ''Progressive relaxation.'' Chicago: University of Chicago Press</ref> His major work, ''You Must Relax'', addressing the general public, came out in 1934.
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Jacobson deepened his investigations from 1936 through 1960 at the Laboratory for Clinical Physiology in [[Chicago]] which he directed, and he continued his investigations of simultaneous chemical and electronic recordings in man in health until the 1970s.


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Jacobson deepened his investigations from 1936 through 1960 at the [[Laboratory for Clinical Physiology]] in [[Chicago]] which he directed, and he continued his investigations of simultaneous chemical and electronic recordings in man in health until the 1970s.
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== References ==

{{reflist|2}}
He died on January 7, 1983, at [[Northwestern University Hospital]] in Chicago.<ref name=obit>{{cite news |author=Joan Cook |title=Dr. Edmund Jacobson Dead. Specialist In Tension Control |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/01/14/oor wpwn pebituaries/dr-edmund-jacobson-dead-specialist-in-tension-control.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |page=D15 |date=January 14, 1983 |access-date=2024-04-19}}</ref>

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==References==
{{reflist}}tjptenhtmpertopehnem


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://progressiverelaxation.org/ Biography, from the ''International Journal of Psychosomatics'']
*[http://progressiverelaxation.org/ Biography, from the ''International Journal of Psychosomatics'']

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[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:Rush Medical College alumni]]

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Latest revision as of 13:46, 24 December 2024

Edmund Jacobson
Born(1888-04-22)April 22, 1888
Chicago, Illinois, US
DiedJanuary 7, 1983(1983-01-07) (aged 94)
Chicago, Illinois, US
Alma mater
Known forProgressive Muscle Relaxation

Edmund Jacobson (April 22, 1888 – January 7, 1983) was an American physician in internal medicine and psychiatry and a physiologist. He was the creator of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and of Biofeedback.

Biography

[edit]

He was born on April 22, 1888, Chicago to Fannie and Morris Jacobson.[1][2] His father was a realtor in Chicago, who was born in Strasbourg, and his wife Fannie was born in Iowa.

He received a B.S. degree from Northwestern University in 1908 in just two years. Jacobson received M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Harvard University. He took a postgraduate course at Cornell University in 1911.[2] He returned to Chicago as an assistant in physiology. Here he obtained his M.D. degree from Rush Medical School in 1915.[1]

c. 1922

In 1921, he introduced the application of psychological principles to medical practice which was later called psychosomatic medicine. Employing low microvoltage apparatus, Jacobson also made the first accurate electrical measurement of muscular tonus, nerve impulses and mental activities in neuromuscular sites in living men.

Jacobson was able to prove the connection between excessive muscular tension and different disorders of body and psyche. He found out that tension and exertion was always accompanied by a shortening of the muscular fibres, that the reduction of the muscular tonus decreased the activity of the central nervous system, that relaxation was the contrary of states of excitement and well suited for a general remedy and prophylaxis against psychosomatic disorders.

In 1929, after twenty years of research, Jacobson began to publish his results in the book Progressive Relaxation.[3] His major work, You Must Relax, addressing the general public, came out in 1934.

Jacobson deepened his investigations from 1936 through 1960 at the Laboratory for Clinical Physiology in Chicago which he directed, and he continued his investigations of simultaneous chemical and electronic recordings in man in health until the 1970s.

He died on January 7, 1983, at Northwestern University Hospital in Chicago.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Joan Cook (January 14, 1983). wpwn pebituaries/dr-edmund-jacobson-dead-specialist-in-tension-control.html "Dr. Edmund Jacobson Dead. Specialist In Tension Control". The New York Times. p. D15. Retrieved April 19, 2024. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  2. ^ a b History of Medicine and Surgery, and Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago. Chicago: The Biographical Publishing Corporation. 1922. p. 602. Retrieved April 19, 2024 – via Internet Archive.
  3. ^ Jacobson, E. (1938). Progressive relaxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press

tjptenhtmpertopehnem

[edit]
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