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{{short description|American computer scientist}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Martin Newell
|name = Martin Edward Newell
|image =
|image =
|image_size = 150px
|image_size = 150px
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|residence =
|residence =
|citizenship =
|citizenship =
|nationality = [[England|English]]<br/>[[United States|American]]
|nationality = English<br/>American
|ethnicity =
|ethnicity =
|field =
|field =
|work_institutions = [[CADCentre]]<br/>[[University of Utah]]<br/>[[Xerox PARC]]<br/>[[Ashlar-Vellum|Ashlar]]<br/>[[Adobe Systems|Adobe]]
|work_institutions = [[CADCentre]]<br/>[[University of Utah]]<br/>[[Xerox PARC]]<br/>[[CADLINC]]<br/>[[Ashlar-Vellum|Ashlar]]<br/>[[Adobe Systems|Adobe]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Utah]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Utah]]
| thesis_title = The Utilization of Procedure Models in Digital Image Synthesis
| thesis_year = 1975
| thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/302791043
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = [[Utah Teapot]]<ref name="teapot">{{Cite book | last1 = Torrence | first1 = A. | title = ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Teapot on - SIGGRAPH '06 | chapter = Martin Newell's original teapot | doi = 10.1145/1180098.1180128 | pages = 29 | year = 2006 | isbn = 1595933646 | s2cid = 23272447 }}</ref><br/>[[Newell's algorithm]]
|known_for = [[Utah Teapot]]<br/>[[Newell's algorithm]]
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences =
|influences =
|influenced =
|influenced =
|prizes =
|prizes = Elected member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]]
|religion =
|religion =
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
|signature =
|signature =
| website = {{URL|http://academic.research.microsoft.com/Author/478161}}
}}
}}
⚫
'''Martin Edward Newell''' is a British-born [[computer scientist]] specializing in [[computer graphics]] who is perhaps best known as the creator of the [[Utah teapot]] computer model.


==Career==
⚫
'''Martin Newell''' is a British-born [[computer scientist]] specializing in [[computer graphics]] who is perhaps best known as the creator of the [[Utah teapot]] computer model.
⚫
Before emigrating to the US, he worked at what was then the Computer-Aided Design Centre ([[AVEVA|CADCentre]]) in Cambridge, UK,<ref>{{citation|title=Some Personal Recollections on Graphics Standards|first=Andries|last=van Dam|author-link=Andries van Dam|journal=SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Newsletter|volume=32|issue=1|year=1998|url=http://www.siggraph.org/publications/newsletter/v32n1/columns/carson.html|access-date=26 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220024407/http://www.siggraph.org/publications/newsletter/v32n1/columns/carson.html|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=dead}}.</ref> along with his brother [[Dick Newell]] (who went on to co-found two of the most important UK graphics software companies – Cambridge Interactive Systems (CIS) in 1977 and [[Smallworld]] in 1987). At CADCentre, the two Newells and Tom Sancha developed [[Newell's algorithm]], a technique for eliminating cyclic dependencies when ordering polygons to be drawn by a computer graphics system.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sutherland | first1 = E. E. | last2 = Sproull | first2 = R. F. | last3 = Schumacker | first3 = R. A. | title = A Characterization of Ten Hidden-Surface Algorithms | doi = 10.1145/356625.356626 | journal = ACM Computing Surveys | volume = 6 | pages = 1–55 | year = 1974 | s2cid = 14222390 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Newell | first1 = M. E. | last2 = Newell | first2 = R. G. | last3 = Sancha | first3 = T. L. | doi = 10.1145/800193.569954 | chapter = A solution to the hidden surface problem | title = Proceedings of the ACM annual conference on – ACM'72 | volume = 1 | pages = 443 | year = 1972 | s2cid = 13829930 }}</ref><ref name="microsoft">{{AcademicSearch|478161}}</ref>


⚫
[[File:Utah teapot simple 2.png|thumb|The [[Utah teapot]], a model by Martin Newell (1975).]]
⚫
Before emigrating to the USA, he worked at what was then the Computer-Aided Design Centre ([[AVEVA|CADCentre]]) in Cambridge, UK,<ref>{{citation|title=Some Personal Recollections on Graphics Standards|first=Andries|last=van Dam|authorlink=Andries van Dam|journal=[[SIGGRAPH]] Computer Graphics Newsletter|volume=32|issue=1|year=1998|url=http://www.siggraph.org/publications/newsletter/v32n1/columns/carson.html}}.</ref> along with his brother [[Dick Newell|Dr. Richard (Dick) Newell]] (who went on to co-found two of the most important UK graphics software companies - Cambridge Interactive Systems (CIS) in 1977 and [[Smallworld]] in 1987). At CADCentre, the two Newells and Tom Sancha developed [[Newell's algorithm]], a technique for eliminating cyclic dependencies when ordering polygons to be drawn by a computer graphics system.<ref>{{citation
| last1 = Sutherland | first1 = Ivan E. | author1-link = Ivan Sutherland
| last2 = Sproull | first2 = Robert F. | author2-link = Bob Sproull
| last3 = Schumacker | first3 = Robert A.
| doi = 10.1145/356625.356626
| issue = 1
| journal = Computing Surveys
| pages = 1–55
| title = A characterization of ten hidden-surface algorithms
| volume = 6
| year = 1974}}.</ref><ref>{{citation
| last1 = Newell | first1 = M. E.
| last2 = Newell | first2 = R. G.
| last3 = Sancha | first3 = T. L.
| contribution = A new approach to the shaded picture problem
| pages = 443–450
| title = Proc. ACM National Conference
| year = 1972}}.</ref>


⚫
Newell developed the [[Utah teapot]] while working on a Ph.D. at the [[University of Utah]],<ref name="teapot"/><ref name="newellphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Martin|last=Newell |title=The Utilization of Procedure Models in Digital Image Synthesis |publisher=University of Utah |date=1975 |author-link=Martin Newell (computer scientist)|id={{ProQuest|302791043}}}}</ref> where he also helped develop a version of the [[painter's algorithm]] for [[Rendering (computer graphics)|rendering]]. He graduated in 1975, and was on the Utah faculty from 1977 to 1979.<ref name="uusc">[http://www.cs.utah.edu/dept/history/ History of the University of Utah School of Computing], retrieved 2010-01-26.</ref> Later he worked at [[Xerox PARC]], where he worked on JaM, a predecessor of [[PostScript]]. JaM stood for "John and Martin" – the John was [[John Warnock]], co-founder of [[Adobe Systems]].<ref>[http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2418 Adobe Co-founder John Warnock on the Competitive Advantages of Aesthetics and the 'Right' Technology], ''Knowledge@Wharton'', [[The Wharton School]], 20 January 2010.</ref>
⚫
[[Image:Utah teapot simple 2.png|thumb|The [[Utah teapot]], a model by Martin Newell (1975).]]


Newell departed Xerox PARC to join CADLINC Inc.,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://historyofinformation.com/detail.php?entryid=1213 | title=Origins & Early Development of Scalable Digital Type Fonts at Xerox PARC : History of Information }}</ref> a factory automation startup, as VP of Advanced Development.
Newell developed the Utah teapot while working on a Ph.D. at the [[University of Utah]],<ref>{{citation
There he led the development of a variety of CAD/CAM software applications, such as CimCAD (a 3-D drafting program)
| last = Torrence | first = Ann
<ref>{{cite web | url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/cadlinc_implements_its_cim_cad_3d_package_for_suns_386i_workstations | title=CADLINC IMPLEMENTS ITS CIM CAD 3D PACKAGE FOR SUN's 386i WORKSTATIONS | date=February 1989 }}</ref>
| contribution = Martin Newell's original teapot
and Intelligent Documentation
| doi = 10.1145/1180098.1180128
<ref>{{cite web | url=https://trademarks.justia.com/owners/cimlinc-incorporated-316211/ | title=CIMLINC INCORPORATED Trademarks :: Justia Trademarks }}</ref>
| id = Article No. 29
(an early electronic document editor integrating text, graphics, and information from relational databases).
| isbn = 1-59593-364-6
| location = New York, NY, USA
| publisher = ACM
| title = SIGGRAPH '06
| year = 2006
⚫
| pages = 29}}.</ref> where he also helped develop a version of the [[painter's algorithm]] for [[Rendering (computer graphics)|rendering]]. He graduated in 1975, and was on the Utah faculty from 1977 to 1979.<ref name="uusc">[http://www.cs.utah.edu/dept/history/ History of the University of Utah School of Computing], retrieved 2010-01-26.</ref> Later he worked at [[Xerox PARC]], where he worked on JaM, a predecessor of [[PostScript]]. JaM stood for "John and Martin" - the John was [[John Warnock]], co-founder of [[Adobe Systems]].<ref>[http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2418 Adobe Co-founder John Warnock on the Competitive Advantages of Aesthetics and the 'Right' Technology], ''Knowledge@Wharton'', [[The Wharton School]], January 20, 2010.</ref>


He founded the [[computer-aided design]] software company [[Ashlar-Vellum|Ashlar]] in 1988.<ref name="uusc"/> In 2007 Martin Newell was elected to the [[National Academy of Engineering]].<ref name="nae">[http://www.nae.edu/nae/naepub.nsf/e67ebaa6da15f1e685256a8400560624/adf4c9dce5bf342586257552006b374b?OpenDocument NAE member directory], retrieved 2010-01-26.</ref> He recently retired as an Adobe Fellow at [[Adobe Systems]].<ref name="nae"/>
He departed CADLINC to found the [[computer-aided design]] software company [[Ashlar-Vellum|Ashlar]] in 1988.<ref name="uusc"/> In 2007, Newell was elected a member of the [[National Academy of Engineering]] for contributions to computer-graphics modeling, rendering, and printing.<ref name="nae">[http://www.nae.edu/30994.aspx Dr. Martin E. Newell] in the NAE Members Directory, retrieved 2014-06-27.</ref> He recently retired as an Adobe Fellow at [[Adobe Systems]].


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Newell, Martin
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Newell, Martin}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Newell, Martin}}
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[[Category:British emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:British emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:British computer scientists]]
[[Category:British computer scientists]]
[[Category:British technology company founders]]
[[Category:American computer scientists]]
[[Category:American computer scientists]]
[[Category:Computer graphics researchers]]
[[Category:Computer graphics researchers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Scientists at PARC (company)]]




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{{compu-scientist-stub}}

[[fr:Martin Newell]]
[[zh:马丁·纽维尔]]

Latest revision as of 15:29, 24 December 2024

Martin Edward Newell
NationalityEnglish
American
Alma materUniversity of Utah
Known forUtah Teapot[1]
Newell's algorithm
AwardsElected member of the National Academy of Engineering
Scientific career
InstitutionsCADCentre
University of Utah
Xerox PARC
CADLINC
Ashlar
Adobe
ThesisThe Utilization of Procedure Models in Digital Image Synthesis (1975)
Websiteacademic.research.microsoft.com/Author/478161

Martin Edward Newell is a British-born computer scientist specializing in computer graphics who is perhaps best known as the creator of the Utah teapot computer model.

Career

[edit]

Before emigrating to the US, he worked at what was then the Computer-Aided Design Centre (CADCentre) in Cambridge, UK,[2] along with his brother Dick Newell (who went on to co-found two of the most important UK graphics software companies – Cambridge Interactive Systems (CIS) in 1977 and Smallworld in 1987). At CADCentre, the two Newells and Tom Sancha developed Newell's algorithm, a technique for eliminating cyclic dependencies when ordering polygons to be drawn by a computer graphics system.[3][4][5]

The Utah teapot, a model by Martin Newell (1975).

Newell developed the Utah teapot while working on a Ph.D. at the University of Utah,[1][6] where he also helped develop a version of the painter's algorithm for rendering. He graduated in 1975, and was on the Utah faculty from 1977 to 1979.[7] Later he worked at Xerox PARC, where he worked on JaM, a predecessor of PostScript. JaM stood for "John and Martin" – the John was John Warnock, co-founder of Adobe Systems.[8]

Newell departed Xerox PARC to join CADLINC Inc.,[9] a factory automation startup, as VP of Advanced Development. There he led the development of a variety of CAD/CAM software applications, such as CimCAD (a 3-D drafting program) [10] and Intelligent Documentation [11] (an early electronic document editor integrating text, graphics, and information from relational databases).

He departed CADLINC to found the computer-aided design software company Ashlar in 1988.[7] In 2007, Newell was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to computer-graphics modeling, rendering, and printing.[12] He recently retired as an Adobe Fellow at Adobe Systems.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Torrence, A. (2006). "Martin Newell's original teapot". ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Teapot on - SIGGRAPH '06. p. 29. doi:10.1145/1180098.1180128. ISBN 1595933646. S2CID 23272447.
  2. ^ van Dam, Andries (1998), "Some Personal Recollections on Graphics Standards", SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Newsletter, 32 (1), archived from the original on 20 December 2016, retrieved 26 January 2010.
  3. ^ Sutherland, E. E.; Sproull, R. F.; Schumacker, R. A. (1974). "A Characterization of Ten Hidden-Surface Algorithms". ACM Computing Surveys. 6: 1–55. doi:10.1145/356625.356626. S2CID 14222390.
  4. ^ Newell, M. E.; Newell, R. G.; Sancha, T. L. (1972). "A solution to the hidden surface problem". Proceedings of the ACM annual conference on – ACM'72. Vol. 1. p. 443. doi:10.1145/800193.569954. S2CID 13829930.
  5. ^ Martin Newell publications indexed by Microsoft Academic
  6. ^ Newell, Martin (1975). The Utilization of Procedure Models in Digital Image Synthesis (PhD thesis). University of Utah. ProQuest 302791043.
  7. ^ a b History of the University of Utah School of Computing, retrieved 2010-01-26.
  8. ^ Adobe Co-founder John Warnock on the Competitive Advantages of Aesthetics and the 'Right' Technology, Knowledge@Wharton, The Wharton School, 20 January 2010.
  9. ^ "Origins & Early Development of Scalable Digital Type Fonts at Xerox PARC : History of Information".
  10. ^ "CADLINC IMPLEMENTS ITS CIM CAD 3D PACKAGE FOR SUN's 386i WORKSTATIONS". February 1989.
  11. ^ "CIMLINC INCORPORATED Trademarks :: Justia Trademarks".
  12. ^ Dr. Martin E. Newell in the NAE Members Directory, retrieved 2014-06-27.


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