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{{Short description|Doctor, hospital administrator and educator}}
{{Chinese name|[[Jin (Chinese surname)|Jin (Kin)]]}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Jin (Chinese surname)|Jin (Kin)]]|lang=Chinese}}
[[File:Dr. Yamei Kin.jpg|thumb|Dr. Yamei Kin]]

⚫
'''Kin Yamei''' ([[wikt:金|金]][[wikt:韻|韻]][[wikt:梅|梅]], 1864 – March 4, 1934) also seen as '''Chin Ya-mei''' or '''Jin Yunmei''', or anglicized as '''Y. May King''', was a Chinese-born, American-raised doctor, hospital administrator, educator, and nutrition expert. She is credited with introducing [[tofu]] to the [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA) during [[World War I]].
{{Infobox medical person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Kin Yamei
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Dr. Yamei Kin.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name above -->
| birth_date = {{birth year|1864}}
| birth_place = [[Ningbo]], China
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1934|03|04|1864}}
| death_place = [[Beijing]], China
| death_cause =
| nationality = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| citizenship = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| education = [[Women's Medical College of the New York Infirmary]] ([[Doctor of Medicine|MD]])
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for = Introducing [[tofu]] to the United States
| relations =
| website =
| profession =
| field =
| work_institutions =
| specialism =
| research_field =
| notable_works =
| prizes =
| child =
| module2 =
| signature =
}}

⚫
'''Kin Yamei''' ({{lang|zh|[[wikt:金|金]][[wikt:韻|韻]][[wikt:梅|梅]]}}; 1864 – March 4, 1934) also seen as '''Chin Ya-mei''' or '''Jin Yunmei''', or anglicized as '''Y. May King''', was a Chinese-born, American-raised doctor, hospital administrator, educator, and nutrition expert. She is credited with introducing [[tofu]] to the [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA) during [[World War I]].


==Early life==
==Early life==
Kin Yamei was born in 1864, in [[Ningbo]]. Her father, Rev. Kying Ling-yiu (Chin Ding-yu), was a Christian convert. As a small child she was orphaned during an epidemic; she was adopted by American missionaries, [[Divie Bethune McCartee]] and Juana M. Knight McCartee. They encouraged her to use her given name, and to learn Chinese as well as English; she also learned to speak Japanese and French. She attended the [[New York Medical College|Women's Medical College of New York]], where she finished at the top of her class,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jhhFAQAAMAAJ&dq=Kin%20Yamei&pg=PA137#v=onepage&q=Kin%20Yamei&f=false Untitled news item], ''China Medical Missionary Journal'' (September 1887): 137.</ref> and the Chinese Consul attended the graduation ceremony to witness her achievement.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QJoEAAAAQAAJ&dq=Kin%20Yamei&pg=PA193#v=onepage&q=Kin%20Yamei&f=false Untitled news item], ''Hospital Gazette and Students' Journal'' (June 20, 1885): 193.</ref> She pursued further study in Philadelphia and Washington, D. C. In 1888 she became the first Chinese woman to earn a medical degree in the United States.<ref>James Kay MacGregor, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wgQ8AQAAMAAJ&lpg=PA242&ots=4AEEEw9jyW&dq=Kin%20Yamei&pg=PA242#v=onepage&q=Kin%20Yamei&f=false "Yamei Kin and her Mission to the Chinese People"] ''The Craftsman'' 9(November 1905): 242-249.</ref> She also learned photography skills, and published a journal article on medical [[Micrograph|photo-micrography]] while she was in medical school.<ref name="Shurtleff">William Shurtleff and Akiko Aoyagi, [https://books.google.com/books?id=mAfcCwAAQBAJ ''Biography of Yamei Kin M.D. (1864-1934), (Also Known as Jin Yunmei), the First Chinese Woman to Take a Medical Degree in the United States (1864-2016)''] (Soyinfo Center 2016). {{ISBN|9781928914853}}</ref>
Kin Yamei was born in 1864, in [[Ningbo]]. Her father, Rev. Kying Ling-yiu (Chin Ding-yu), was a Christian convert. When she was two years old she was orphaned during the cholera epidemic;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/chinese-born-doctor-who-brought-tofu-america-180969977/|title=The Chinese-Born Doctor Who Brought Tofu to America|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en|access-date=2020-03-26}}</ref> she was adopted by American missionaries, [[Divie Bethune McCartee]] and Juana M. Knight McCartee. They encouraged her to use her given name, and to learn Chinese as well as English; she also learned to speak Japanese and French. She attended the [[Lower Manhattan Hospital|Women's Medical College of the New York Infirmary]], founded by [[Elizabeth Blackwell]], where she graduated at the top of her class in 1885.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QJoEAAAAQAAJ&dq=Kin+Yamei&pg=PA193 Untitled news item], ''Hospital Gazette and Students' Journal'' (June 20, 1885): 193.</ref><ref>[http://www.soyinfocenter.com/books/192 Biography at SoyInfo Center]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jhhFAQAAMAAJ&dq=Kin+Yamei&pg=PA137 Untitled news item], ''China Medical Missionary Journal'' (September 1887): 137.</ref> The Chinese Consul attended the graduation ceremony to witness her achievement.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QJoEAAAAQAAJ&dq=Kin+Yamei&pg=PA193 Untitled news item], ''Hospital Gazette and Students' Journal'' (June 20, 1885): 193.</ref> She pursued further study in Philadelphia and Washington, D. C. She also learned photography skills, and published a journal article on medical [[Micrograph|photo-micrography]] while she was in medical school.<ref name="Shurtleff">[[William Shurtleff]] and Akiko Aoyagi, [https://books.google.com/books?id=mAfcCwAAQBAJ ''Biography of Yamei Kin M.D. (1864-1934), (Also Known as Jin Yunmei), the First Chinese Woman to Take a Medical Degree in the United States (1864-2016)''] (Soyinfo Center 2016). {{ISBN|9781928914853}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:KinYamei1905.tif|thumb|Kin Yamei, from a 1905 publication.]]
[[File:KinYamei1905.tif|thumb|Kin Yamei, from a 1905 publication.]]
From 1890 to 1894, she ran a hospital for women and children in [[Kobe, Japan]], where she stayed while recovering from [[malaria]]. She was superintendent at a women's hospital and nurses' training program at [[Tientsin]].<ref>[http://search.proquest.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/97740889/CB1D05E56CCD43F5PQ/2?accountid=14169 "Chinese Women Doctors"] ''New York Times'' (July 21, 1915): 20.</ref> She also founded the Northern Medical School for Women at [[Zhili]], in 1907.
From 1890 to 1894, she ran a hospital for women and children in [[Kobe, Japan]], where she stayed while recovering from [[malaria]]. She was superintendent at a women's hospital and nurses' training program at [[Tianjin]].<ref>[https://www.proquest.com/docview/97740889 "Chinese Women Doctors"] ''New York Times'' (July 21, 1915): 20.</ref> She also founded the Northern Medical School for Women at [[Zhili]], in 1907.


She also lectured in the United States about Chinese culture, women, and medicine,<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10117068/yamei_kin_1911/ "Dr. Yamei Kin, China's Foremost Woman Physician, Now in U. S."] ''Arizona Daily Star'' (February 26, 1911): 9. via [[Newspapers.com]]{{open access}}</ref> including a speech to the [[Los Angeles Medical Association]],<ref>[https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19020223.2.240 "Chinese Woman Physician, Dr. Yamei Kin, To Lecture"] ''Los Angeles Herald'' (February 23, 1902): 12.</ref> and a speech at [[Carnegie Hall]].<ref>[http://search.proquest.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/97764083/CB1D05E56CCD43F5PQ/3 "Chinese Preparing to End Japan's Grip"] ''New York Times'' (November 28, 1915): 6.</ref> She published an article about Honolulu's Chinatown in ''[[Overland Monthly]]'' (1902), and an article about [[soybeans]] in the ''[[New-York Tribune]]'' (1904). She spent World War I in the United States, working with the USDA on nutritional and other uses for soybeans, and introducing tofu to American food scientists.<ref>[http://search.proquest.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/99961844/CB1D05E56CCD43F5PQ/6 "Woman Off to China as Government Agent to Study Soybean"] ''New York Times'' (June 10, 1917): 65.</ref> She addressed an international Peace Conference in 1904, in New York City.<ref>[http://search.proquest.com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/96424253/CB1D05E56CCD43F5PQ/4 "Little Oriental Lady Who Won Peace Conference"] ''New York Times'' (October 16, 1904): 9.</ref>
She also lectured in the United States about Chinese culture, women, and medicine,<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10117068/yamei_kin_1911/ "Dr. Yamei Kin, China's Foremost Woman Physician, Now in U. S."] ''Arizona Daily Star'' (February 26, 1911): 9. via [[Newspapers.com]]{{open access}}</ref> including a speech to the [[Los Angeles Medical Association]],<ref>[https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19020223.2.240 "Chinese Woman Physician, Dr. Yamei Kin, To Lecture"] ''Los Angeles Herald'' (February 23, 1902): 12.</ref> and a speech at [[Carnegie Hall]].<ref>[https://www.proquest.com/docview/97764083 "Chinese Preparing to End Japan's Grip"] ''New York Times'' (November 28, 1915): 6.</ref> She published an article about Honolulu's Chinatown in ''[[Overland Monthly]]'' (1902), and an article about [[soybeans]] in the ''[[New-York Tribune]]'' (1904). She spent World War I in the United States, working with the USDA on nutritional and other uses for soybeans, and introducing tofu to American food scientists.<ref>[https://www.proquest.com/docview/99961844 "Woman Off to China as Government Agent to Study Soybean"] ''New York Times'' (June 10, 1917): 65.</ref> She addressed an international Peace Conference in 1904, in New York City.<ref>[https://www.proquest.com/docview/96424253 "Little Oriental Lady Who Won Peace Conference"] ''New York Times'' (October 16, 1904): 9.</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Kin Yamei married Hippolytus Laesola Amador Eca da Silva, in 1894 in Japan. Mr. da Silva was a merchant and interpreter born in Hong Kong.<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10117310/mrs_dr_kim_eca_da_silva_kin_yamei/ "Chinese Woman Doctor"] ''Newton Daily Republican'' (November 20, 1896): 4. via [[Newspapers.com]]{{open access}}</ref> They divorced in 1904.<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3846501/the_san_francisco_call/ "Cathay Meets American Law"] ''San Francisco Call'' (August 13, 1904): 14. via [[Newspapers.com]]{{open access}}</ref> They had a son, Alexander, born in 1895 in [[Honolulu, Hawaii]]; he died in 1918 as an American soldier in World War I, in France, and was buried at [[Arlington National Cemetery]], under the name "Alexander A. Kin". Kin Yamei spent her later years in [[Beijing]], and died from pneumonia in 1934, aged 70 years.<ref name="Shurtleff" />
Kin Yamei married Hippolytus Laesola Amador Eca da Silva, in 1894 in Japan. Mr. da Silva was a merchant and interpreter born in Hong Kong.<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10117310/mrs_dr_kim_eca_da_silva_kin_yamei/ "Chinese Woman Doctor"] ''Newton Daily Republican'' (November 20, 1896): 4. via [[Newspapers.com]]{{open access}}</ref> They divorced in 1904.<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3846501/the_san_francisco_call/ "Cathay Meets American Law"] ''San Francisco Call'' (August 13, 1904): 14. via [[Newspapers.com]]{{open access}}</ref> They had a son, Alexander, born in 1895 in [[Honolulu, Hawaii]]; he died in 1918 as an American soldier in World War I, in France, and was buried at [[Arlington National Cemetery]], under the name "Alexander A. Kin". Kin Yamei returned to China and spent her later years in [[Beijing]], and died from pneumonia in 1934, aged 70 years.<ref name="Shurtleff" />


==References==
==References==
Line 19: Line 54:


==External links==
==External links==
*[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/17/obituaries/yamei-kin-overlooked.html Overlooked No More: Yamei Kin, the Chinese Doctor Who Introduced Tofu to the West] – ''[[The New York Times]]''
*[http://www.soyinfocenter.com/books/192 Biographical information about Kin Yamei] at the Soy Info Center.
*[http://www.soyinfocenter.com/books/192 Biographical information about Kin Yamei] at the Soy Info Center.
*James Kay MacGregor, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wgQ8AQAAMAAJ&dq=Kin+Yamei&pg=PA242 "Yamei Kin and her Mission to the Chinese People"], ''The Craftsman'' 9 November 1905): 242-249.


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kin, Yamei}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kin, Yamei}}
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1934 deaths]]
[[Category:1934 deaths]]
[[Category:American women physicians]]
[[Category:Scientists from Ningbo]]
[[Category:American women in World War I]]
[[Category:19th-century Chinese women physicians]]
[[Category:Educators from Ningbo]]
[[Category:19th-century Chinese physicians]]
[[Category:Scientists from Zhejiang]]
[[Category:Women in World War I]]
[[Category:Chinese expatriates in the United States]]

[[Category:Physicians from Zhejiang]]
[[Category:Qing dynasty people]]
[[Category:20th-century Chinese physicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Chinese women physicians]]
{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}

Latest revision as of 15:39, 24 December 2024

In this Chinese name, the family name is Jin (Kin).
Kin Yamei
Born1864 (1864)
Ningbo, China
DiedMarch 4, 1934(1934-03-04) (aged 69–70)
Beijing, China
EducationWomen's Medical College of the New York Infirmary (MD)
Known forIntroducing tofu to the United States

Kin Yamei (金韻梅; 1864 – March 4, 1934) also seen as Chin Ya-mei or Jin Yunmei, or anglicized as Y. May King, was a Chinese-born, American-raised doctor, hospital administrator, educator, and nutrition expert. She is credited with introducing tofu to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) during World War I.

Early life

[edit]

Kin Yamei was born in 1864, in Ningbo. Her father, Rev. Kying Ling-yiu (Chin Ding-yu), was a Christian convert. When she was two years old she was orphaned during the cholera epidemic;[1] she was adopted by American missionaries, Divie Bethune McCartee and Juana M. Knight McCartee. They encouraged her to use her given name, and to learn Chinese as well as English; she also learned to speak Japanese and French. She attended the Women's Medical College of the New York Infirmary, founded by Elizabeth Blackwell, where she graduated at the top of her class in 1885.[2][3][4] The Chinese Consul attended the graduation ceremony to witness her achievement.[5] She pursued further study in Philadelphia and Washington, D. C. She also learned photography skills, and published a journal article on medical photo-micrography while she was in medical school.[6]

Career

[edit]
Kin Yamei, from a 1905 publication.

From 1890 to 1894, she ran a hospital for women and children in Kobe, Japan, where she stayed while recovering from malaria. She was superintendent at a women's hospital and nurses' training program at Tianjin.[7] She also founded the Northern Medical School for Women at Zhili, in 1907.

She also lectured in the United States about Chinese culture, women, and medicine,[8] including a speech to the Los Angeles Medical Association,[9] and a speech at Carnegie Hall.[10] She published an article about Honolulu's Chinatown in Overland Monthly (1902), and an article about soybeans in the New-York Tribune (1904). She spent World War I in the United States, working with the USDA on nutritional and other uses for soybeans, and introducing tofu to American food scientists.[11] She addressed an international Peace Conference in 1904, in New York City.[12]

Personal life

[edit]

Kin Yamei married Hippolytus Laesola Amador Eca da Silva, in 1894 in Japan. Mr. da Silva was a merchant and interpreter born in Hong Kong.[13] They divorced in 1904.[14] They had a son, Alexander, born in 1895 in Honolulu, Hawaii; he died in 1918 as an American soldier in World War I, in France, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, under the name "Alexander A. Kin". Kin Yamei returned to China and spent her later years in Beijing, and died from pneumonia in 1934, aged 70 years.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "The Chinese-Born Doctor Who Brought Tofu to America". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2020-03-26.
  2. ^ Untitled news item, Hospital Gazette and Students' Journal (June 20, 1885): 193.
  3. ^ Biography at SoyInfo Center
  4. ^ Untitled news item, China Medical Missionary Journal (September 1887): 137.
  5. ^ Untitled news item, Hospital Gazette and Students' Journal (June 20, 1885): 193.
  6. ^ a b William Shurtleff and Akiko Aoyagi, Biography of Yamei Kin M.D. (1864-1934), (Also Known as Jin Yunmei), the First Chinese Woman to Take a Medical Degree in the United States (1864-2016) (Soyinfo Center 2016). ISBN 9781928914853
  7. ^ "Chinese Women Doctors" New York Times (July 21, 1915): 20.
  8. ^ "Dr. Yamei Kin, China's Foremost Woman Physician, Now in U. S." Arizona Daily Star (February 26, 1911): 9. via Newspapers.comOpen access icon
  9. ^ "Chinese Woman Physician, Dr. Yamei Kin, To Lecture" Los Angeles Herald (February 23, 1902): 12.
  10. ^ "Chinese Preparing to End Japan's Grip" New York Times (November 28, 1915): 6.
  11. ^ "Woman Off to China as Government Agent to Study Soybean" New York Times (June 10, 1917): 65.
  12. ^ "Little Oriental Lady Who Won Peace Conference" New York Times (October 16, 1904): 9.
  13. ^ "Chinese Woman Doctor" Newton Daily Republican (November 20, 1896): 4. via Newspapers.comOpen access icon
  14. ^ "Cathay Meets American Law" San Francisco Call (August 13, 1904): 14. via Newspapers.comOpen access icon
[edit]
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