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{{short description|Annual car race at International Raceway, Sebring, Florida, US}} |
{{short description|Annual car race at International Raceway, Sebring, Florida, US}} |
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{{distinguish|text=[[1000 Miles of Sebring]], which was a [[FIA World Endurance Championship]] race, held at the same circuit in 2019, 2022–2023}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}} |
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{{Infobox motor race |
{{Infobox motor race |
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|Race title = 12 Hours of Sebring |
|Race title = 12 Hours of Sebring |
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The '''12 Hours of Sebring''' is an annual [[motorsport]] [[Endurance racing (motorsport)|endurance race]] for [[Sports car racing|sports cars]] held at [[Sebring International Raceway]], on the site of the former [[Hendricks Army Airfield]] [[World War II]] air base in [[Sebring, Florida]], US. In the past, this race has been a round of the now defunct [[World Sportscar Championship]], [[IMSA GT Championship]] and [[American Le Mans Series]]. In 2012, the race was the opening event of the [[FIA World Endurance Championship]] in a one off race before being returned |
The '''12 Hours of Sebring''' is an annual [[motorsport]] [[Endurance racing (motorsport)|endurance race]] for [[Sports car racing|sports cars]] held at [[Sebring International Raceway]], on the site of the former [[Hendricks Army Airfield]] [[World War II]] air base in [[Sebring, Florida]], US. In the past, this race has been a round of the now defunct [[World Sportscar Championship]], [[IMSA GT Championship]] and [[American Le Mans Series]]. In 2012, the race was the opening event of the [[FIA World Endurance Championship]] in a one off race before being returned to the American Le Mans Series for 2013. Starting in 2014, the event became the second round of the [[WeatherTech SportsCar Championship]]. |
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[[File:1949 Crosley Hot Shot.jpg|thumb|1949 Crosley Hot Shot that won the 1950 Sebring Race. On display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee.]] |
[[File:1949 Crosley Hot Shot.jpg|thumb|1949 Crosley Hot Shot that won the 1950 Sebring Race. On display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee.]] |
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The race is considered to be one of the three legs of the informal [[Triple Crown of endurance racing]] along with the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] and [[24 Hours of Daytona]].<ref name="r&t201202">{{cite journal|last=Posey|first=Sam|title=24 Hours of Daytona: A short history of a long race|journal=[[Road & Track]]|date=February 2012|volume=63|issue=6|pages=73–77|url=http://www.roadandtrack.com/racing/motorsports/24-hours-of-daytona|access-date=June 20, 2012|author-link=Sam Posey|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309011854/http://www.roadandtrack.com/racing/motorsports/24-hours-of-daytona|archive-date=March 9, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-22 |title=Are the days of motorsport's triple crown gone? |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/motorsport-are-the-days-of-motorsports-triple-crown-gone/M6SBTXWGBM6UE7PQ4FMPD64EYU/ |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hub |first=Porsche Motorsport |title=IMSA season opener at Daytona Beach {{!}} Porsche Motorsport Hub |url=https://motorsports.porsche.com/international/en/article/2024/01/08/daytona-preview |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=motorsports.porsche.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RETURN TO SEBRING |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-US/magazine/articles/return-to-sebring |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sass |first=Rob |date=2015-03-02 |title=Benjafield’s 24: Endurance event features pre-war classics |url=https://www.hagerty.co.uk/articles/benjafields-24-endurance-event-features-pre-war-classics/ |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=Hagerty UK |language=en-GB}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The track opened in [[1950 in motorsport|1950]] on an airfield and is a [[road racing]] course styled after those used in [[Europe]]an [[Grand Prix motor racing]]. The first race was a six-hour race on New Year's Eve 1950. The winning car is currently on display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The next race held 14 months later as the first 12 Hours of Sebring.<ref name=mccluggage>{{cite journal|last=McCluggage|first=Denise|title=Racing Through History|journal=[[Autoweek]]|date=February 20, 2012|volume=62|issue=4|pages=66–67|author-link=Denise McCluggage}}</ref> The race is famous for its "once around the clock" action, starting during the day and finishing at night.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.si.com/vault/1965/03/22/607541/once-around-the-clock-swiftly-rolling|title=ONCE AROUND THE CLOCK SWIFTLY ROLLING}}</ref> From 1953 to 1972 the 12 Hour was a round of the FIA's premier sports car series which was contested under various names including the [[World Sportscar Championship]] and the International Championship for Makes. In the |
The track opened in [[1950 in motorsport|1950]] on an airfield and is a [[road racing]] course styled after those used in [[Europe]]an [[Grand Prix motor racing]]. The first race was a six-hour race on New Year's Eve 1950. The winning car is currently on display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The next race was held 14 months later as the first 12 Hours of Sebring.<ref name=mccluggage>{{cite journal|last=McCluggage|first=Denise|title=Racing Through History|journal=[[Autoweek]]|date=February 20, 2012|volume=62|issue=4|pages=66–67|author-link=Denise McCluggage}}</ref> The race is famous for its "once around the clock" action, starting during the day and finishing at night.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.si.com/vault/1965/03/22/607541/once-around-the-clock-swiftly-rolling|title=ONCE AROUND THE CLOCK SWIFTLY ROLLING}}</ref> From 1953 to 1972 the 12 Hour was a round of the FIA's premier sports car series which was contested under various names including the [[World Sportscar Championship]] and the International Championship for Makes. In the 1950s, in addition to Le Mans, Sebring was on the calendar at the same time now-legendary races such as the [[Mille Miglia]], [[Targa Florio]], [[Carrera Panamericana]] and the [[RAC Tourist Trophy]] were on the World Sportscar Championship calendar, such was the prestige of the Sebring race. It was also the most important American race for the European teams and drivers and was the center of European racing activity in the United States; it was the only time during the 1950s that the big European manufacturer teams and drivers came to the United States in force, bringing with them considerable international media attention—the United States Formula One Grand Prix was not run until 1959. Top drivers who competed on the European circuit in the 1950s such as [[Juan Manuel Fangio]], [[Alberto Ascari]], [[Nino Farina]], [[Stirling Moss]] and [[Mike Hawthorn]] all raced at Sebring, and the 1957 Sebring 12 Hours was the only American race the 5-time world champion Fangio ever won. |
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In its early years, the Sebring circuit combined former airport runways with narrow two-lane service roads.<ref name=racingcircuits>{{citation|url=https://www.racingcircuits.info/north-america/usa/sebring/#.XKpfWJhKiUk|title=Sebring}}</ref> The 1966 event was a turning point in Sebring history, as the facilities and the safety of the circuit were heavily criticized. Five people were killed during the race, |
In its early years, the Sebring circuit combined former airport runways with narrow two-lane service roads.<ref name=racingcircuits>{{citation|url=https://www.racingcircuits.info/north-america/usa/sebring/#.XKpfWJhKiUk|title=Sebring|access-date=2019-04-07|archive-date=2019-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190309065936/http://www.racingcircuits.info/north-america/usa/sebring#.XKpfWJhKiUk|url-status=dead}}</ref> The 1966 event was a turning point in Sebring history, as the facilities and the safety of the circuit were heavily criticized. Five people were killed during the race, more than in the race's prior 15-year history combined.<ref name=racingcircuits /> [[Bob McLean (racing driver)|Bob McLean]] crashed while approaching the [[hairpin turn|hairpin]]; his car rolled several times, struck a utility pole and then exploded, landing in a ditch and killing McLean.<ref name=racingcircuits /> In another incident [[Mario Andretti]] in his [[Ferrari 365 P2]] tangled with Don Wester's [[Porsche 906]] on the Warehouse Straight near the Webster Turns, killing four spectators and then crashing into a warehouse next to the track. Subsequent to these events, the facilities were upgraded and the circuit layout was changed, including eliminating the Webster Turns and creating the Green Park Chicane further down the track to move the straight further away from the airport warehouses.<ref name=racingcircuits /> The circuit was made safer, and there have only been 4 fatalities since then—a remarkable record for a circuit of Sebring's age. |
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The race is known as preparation for the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]],<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.imsa.com/press-releases/032019/le-mans-usa-major-endurance-test-porsche-sebring|title=LE MANS USA. MAJOR ENDURANCE TEST FOR PORSCHE AT SEBRING.|access-date=2019-04-07|archive-date=2019-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407205633/https://www.imsa.com/press-releases/032019/le-mans-usa-major-endurance-test-porsche-sebring|url-status=dead}}</ref> as the track's technical layout and extremely bumpy surface, combined with south-central Florida's perennial hot weather, is a major test of a car's reliability. Teams planning to compete at Le Mans regard Sebring as an ideal preparation run for the prestigious French race.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/motorsports/videos/a32997/nobody-tells-you-how-punishing-the-12-hours-of-sebring-really-is/|title=Nobody Tells You How Punishing the 12 Hours of Sebring Really Is}}</ref> |
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[[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]] has won the race more times than anyone else, with six victories—in [[1999 12 Hours of Sebring|1999]]–[[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]], [[2005 12 Hours of Sebring|2005]]–[[2006 12 Hours of Sebring|2006]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]] and in [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.lemans.org/en/news/sebring-12-hours-statistics/6415|title=Sebring 12 hours statistics}}</ref> |
In recent years, six overall victories have been achieved by the [[Audi R8 (LMP)|Audi R8]], one fewer than the record seven wins of the [[Porsche 935]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.sportscardigest.com/porsche-celebrates-12-hours-of-sebring-winners/|title=Porsche Celebrates 12 Hours of Sebring Winners|date=March 19, 2009 }}</ref> [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]] has won the race more times than anyone else, with six victories—in [[1999 12 Hours of Sebring|1999]]–[[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]], [[2005 12 Hours of Sebring|2005]]–[[2006 12 Hours of Sebring|2006]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]] and in [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.lemans.org/en/news/sebring-12-hours-statistics/6415|title=Sebring 12 hours statistics}}</ref> |
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2020 saw the race be rescheduled to mid-November due to delays caused by the [[COVID-19 pandemic|pandemic]]. It was |
2020 saw the race be rescheduled to mid-November due to delays caused by the [[COVID-19 pandemic|pandemic]]. It was the only season where Sebring was run twice in a season. In July, as part of restarting the season, a three-hour race was held in July with spectators. IMSA allowed spectators for this race. |
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Races up until 1969 began with the traditional Le Mans start procedure, which was abolished at the end of the 1969 season following [[Jacky Ickx]] protesting at Le Mans 1969; 1970 was the first 12 Hours of Sebring started with a rolling start. |
Races up until 1969 began with the traditional [[24 Hours of Le Mans#Le Mans start|Le Mans start]] procedure, which was abolished at the end of the 1969 season following [[Jacky Ickx]] protesting at Le Mans 1969; 1970 was the first 12 Hours of Sebring started with a rolling start. |
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==Race results== |
==Race results== |
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[[File:1967 GT40 Mk IV at 2010 Canadian International AutoShow.JPG|thumb|The [[Ford GT40|Ford Mk IV]] which won the 1967 Sebring 12 Hour]] |
[[File:1967 GT40 Mk IV at 2010 Canadian International AutoShow.JPG|thumb|The [[Ford GT40|Ford Mk IV]] which won the 1967 Sebring 12 Hour]] |
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[[Image:2008OverallWinner12Hoursof SebringPenskePorsche7.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[2008 12 Hours of Sebring|2008]] overall winner [[Porsche RS Spyder]] |
[[Image:2008OverallWinner12Hoursof SebringPenskePorsche7.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[2008 12 Hours of Sebring|2008]] overall winner [[Porsche RS Spyder]]]] |
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The [[1966 12 Hours of Sebring|1966 race]] had [[Dan Gurney]] leading at the last lap, when his engine of his [[Ford GT40|Shelby American Ford GT40 Mk II]] seized near the end. Gurney pushed his car over the finish line, beaten only by [[Ken Miles]] and [[Lloyd Ruby]]. However, his actions were ultimately determined to be against the rules and he did not receive credit for his finish.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.autoweek.com/article/20120315/ALMS/120319906&template=mobileart|title=Sebring countdown: The 20 greatest battles countdown, Nos. 8 through 5 {{!}} Autoweek|date=2016-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406150128/http://autoweek.com/article/alms/sebring-countdown-20-greatest-battles-countdown-nos-8-through-5|archive-date=2016-04-06|access-date=2018-03-17}}</ref> |
The [[1966 12 Hours of Sebring|1966 race]] had [[Dan Gurney]] leading at the last lap, when his engine of his [[Ford GT40|Shelby American Ford GT40 Mk II]] seized near the end. Gurney pushed his car over the finish line, beaten only by [[Ken Miles]] and [[Lloyd Ruby]]. However, his actions were ultimately determined to be against the rules and he did not receive credit for his finish.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.autoweek.com/article/20120315/ALMS/120319906&template=mobileart|title=Sebring countdown: The 20 greatest battles countdown, Nos. 8 through 5 {{!}} Autoweek|date=2016-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406150128/http://autoweek.com/article/alms/sebring-countdown-20-greatest-battles-countdown-nos-8-through-5|archive-date=2016-04-06|access-date=2018-03-17}}</ref> |
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In 2005, the [[Chevrolet Corvette C6.R]] and [[Aston Martin DBR9]] made their race debut in the hotly contested GT1 class,<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.c6registry.com/c6r/11005.htm|title=Corvette C6-R Race Car Launches For 2005}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=https://www.topspeed.com/cars/aston-martin/2005-aston-martin-dbr9-ar1327.html|title=2005 Aston-Martin DBR9}}</ref> with Aston Martin winning its class for the first time in 49 years at Sebring ahead of the two Corvettes. Corvette had dominated the class the past three years with its previous generation C5R. |
In 2005, the [[Chevrolet Corvette C6.R]] and [[Aston Martin DBR9]] made their race debut in the hotly contested GT1 class,<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.c6registry.com/c6r/11005.htm|title=Corvette C6-R Race Car Launches For 2005}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=https://www.topspeed.com/cars/aston-martin/2005-aston-martin-dbr9-ar1327.html|title=2005 Aston-Martin DBR9|date=December 12, 2005 }}</ref> with Aston Martin winning its class for the first time in 49 years at Sebring ahead of the two Corvettes. Corvette had dominated the class the past three years with its previous generation C5R. |
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[[File:Nissan Onroak DPi -22 12 Hours of Sebring.jpg|thumb|Nissan Onroak DPi |
[[File:Nissan Onroak DPi -22 12 Hours of Sebring.jpg|thumb|Nissan Onroak DPi No. 22, [[2018 12 Hours of Sebring|2018]] overall winner]] |
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The all-new [[Audi R10 TDI]] won the 2006 edition of the race, the car's first ever run in competition.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.audi-mediacenter.com/en/press-releases/audi-v12-tdi-is-race-engine-of-the-year-8241|title=Audi V12 TDI is "Race Engine of the Year"}}</ref> The much-hyped [[Porsche RS Spyder]] campaigned by [[Penske Racing]] dropped to take 2nd place in its LMP2 class, behind the Intersport Lola car. The GT1 Corvette C6R team got their revenge against the Aston Martin, although the second Corvette came within 1/3 of a second of the podium in the closing laps of the race. |
The all-new [[Audi R10 TDI]] won the 2006 edition of the race, the car's first ever run in competition.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.audi-mediacenter.com/en/press-releases/audi-v12-tdi-is-race-engine-of-the-year-8241|title=Audi V12 TDI is "Race Engine of the Year"}}</ref> The much-hyped [[Porsche RS Spyder]] campaigned by [[Penske Racing]] dropped to take 2nd place in its LMP2 class, behind the Intersport Lola car. The GT1 Corvette C6R team got their revenge against the Aston Martin, although the second Corvette came within 1/3 of a second of the podium in the closing laps of the race. |
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==Statistics== |
==Statistics== |
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[[Image:McNish-ALMS-LRP-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Audi R8 winner |
[[Image:McNish-ALMS-LRP-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Audi R8 winner 2000–2005]] |
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===Wins by manufacturer=== |
===Wins by manufacturer=== |
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|1||{{flagicon|GER}} [[Porsche]]||18||[[1960 12 Hours of Sebring|1960]], [[1968 12 Hours of Sebring|1968]], [[1971 12 Hours of Sebring|1971]], [[1973 12 Hours of Sebring|1973]], [[1976 12 Hours of Sebring|1976]]–[[1988 12 Hours of Sebring|1988]], [[2008 12 Hours of Sebring|2008]] |
|1||{{flagicon|GER}} [[Porsche]]||18||[[1960 12 Hours of Sebring|1960]], [[1968 12 Hours of Sebring|1968]], [[1971 12 Hours of Sebring|1971]], [[1973 12 Hours of Sebring|1973]], [[1976 12 Hours of Sebring|1976]]–[[1988 12 Hours of Sebring|1988]], [[2008 12 Hours of Sebring|2008]] |
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|2||{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Ferrari]]||12||[[1956 12 Hours of Sebring|1956]], [[1958 12 Hours of Sebring|1958]]–[[1964 12 Hours of Sebring|1964]], [[1970 12 Hours of Sebring|1970]], [[1972 12 Hours of Sebring|1972]], [[1995 12 Hours of Sebring|1995]], [[1997 12 Hours of Sebring|1997]]–[[1998 12 Hours of Sebring|1998]] |
|2||{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Ferrari]]||12||[[1956 12 Hours of Sebring|1956]], [[1958 12 Hours of Sebring|1958]]–[[1959 12 Hours of Sebring|1959]], [[1961 12 Hours of Sebring|1961]]–[[1964 12 Hours of Sebring|1964]], [[1970 12 Hours of Sebring|1970]], [[1972 12 Hours of Sebring|1972]], [[1995 12 Hours of Sebring|1995]], [[1997 12 Hours of Sebring|1997]]–[[1998 12 Hours of Sebring|1998]] |
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|3||{{flagicon|GER}} [[Audi]]||11||[[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]]–[[2007 12 Hours of Sebring|2007]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]], [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]]–[[2013 12 Hours of Sebring|2013]] |
|3||{{flagicon|GER}} [[Audi]]||11||[[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]]–[[2007 12 Hours of Sebring|2007]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]], [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]]–[[2013 12 Hours of Sebring|2013]] |
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|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]||[[1966 12 Hours of Sebring|1966]]–[[1967 12 Hours of Sebring|1967]], [[1969 12 Hours of Sebring|1969]], [[2014 12 Hours of Sebring|2014]] |
|5||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]||4||[[1966 12 Hours of Sebring|1966]]–[[1967 12 Hours of Sebring|1967]], [[1969 12 Hours of Sebring|1969]], [[2014 12 Hours of Sebring|2014]] |
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|rowspan=3|7||{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Toyota]]||rowspan=3|2||[[1992 12 Hours of Sebring|1992]]–[[1993 12 Hours of Sebring|1993]] |
|rowspan=3|7||{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Toyota]]||rowspan=3|2||[[1992 12 Hours of Sebring|1992]]–[[1993 12 Hours of Sebring|1993]] |
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|{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Peugeot]]||[[2010 12 Hours of Sebring|2010]]–[[2011 12 Hours of Sebring|2011]] |
|{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Peugeot]]||[[2010 12 Hours of Sebring|2010]]–[[2011 12 Hours of Sebring|2011]] |
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|rowspan= |
|rowspan=12|10||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Allard Motor Company|Crosly]]||rowspan=12|1||[[1950 12 Hours of Sebring|1950]] |
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|{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Frazer-Nash]]||[[1952 12 Hours of Sebring|1952]] |
|{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Frazer-Nash]]||[[1952 12 Hours of Sebring|1952]] |
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| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Mazda]]||[[2020 12 Hours of Sebring|2020]] |
| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Mazda]]||[[2020 12 Hours of Sebring|2020]] |
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| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Acura]]||[[2024 12 Hours of Sebring|2024]] |
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!Rank!!Driver!!Wins!!Years |
!Rank!!Driver!!Wins!!Years |
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|1||{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]]||6||[[1999 12 Hours of Sebring| |
|1||{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]]||6||[[1999 12 Hours of Sebring|1999]], [[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]], [[2005 12 Hours of Sebring|2005]], [[2006 12 Hours of Sebring|2006]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]], [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]] |
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|2||{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Rinaldo Capello]]||5||[[2001 12 Hours of Sebring| |
|2||{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Rinaldo Capello]]||5||[[2001 12 Hours of Sebring|2001]], [[2002 12 Hours of Sebring|2002]], [[2006 12 Hours of Sebring|2006]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]], [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]] |
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|rowspan=3|3||{{flagicon|GER}} [[Frank Biela]]||rowspan=3|4||[[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]], [[2003 12 Hours of Sebring| |
|rowspan=3|3||{{flagicon|GER}} [[Frank Biela]]||rowspan=3|4||[[2000 12 Hours of Sebring|2000]], [[2003 12 Hours of Sebring|2003]], [[2004 12 Hours of Sebring|2004]], [[2007 12 Hours of Sebring|2007]] |
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|{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Allan McNish]]||[[2004 12 Hours of Sebring|2004]], [[2006 12 Hours of Sebring|2006]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]], [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]] |
|{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Allan McNish]]||[[2004 12 Hours of Sebring|2004]], [[2006 12 Hours of Sebring|2006]], [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]], [[2012 12 Hours of Sebring|2012]] |
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|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]]||[[2016 12 Hours of Sebring|2016]], [[2018 12 Hours of Sebring|2018]], [[2019 12 Hours of Sebring|2019]], [[2023 12 Hours of Sebring|2023]] |
|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]]||[[2016 12 Hours of Sebring|2016]], [[2018 12 Hours of Sebring|2018]], [[2019 12 Hours of Sebring|2019]], [[2023 12 Hours of Sebring|2023]] |
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|rowspan=5|4||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Phil Hill]]||rowspan= |
|rowspan=5|4||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Phil Hill]]||rowspan=5|3||[[1958 12 Hours of Sebring|1958]], [[1959 12 Hours of Sebring|1959]], [[1961 12 Hours of Sebring|1961]] |
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|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Olivier Gendebien]]||[[1959 12 Hours of Sebring|1959]], [[1960 12 Hours of Sebring|1960]], [[1961 12 Hours of Sebring|1961]] |
|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Olivier Gendebien]]||[[1959 12 Hours of Sebring|1959]], [[1960 12 Hours of Sebring|1960]], [[1961 12 Hours of Sebring|1961]] |
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==Overall winners== |
==Overall winners== |
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{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" |
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" |
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! Year |
! Year |
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! Drivers |
! Drivers |
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! [[1954 12 Hours of Sebring|1954]] |
! [[1954 12 Hours of Sebring|1954]] |
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| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Bill Lloyd (race driver)|Bill Lloyd]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Stirling Moss]] |
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| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Briggs Cunningham]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Briggs Cunningham]] |
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| [[O.S.C.A.]] MT4 |
| [[O.S.C.A.]] MT4 |
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! [[1957 12 Hours of Sebring|1957]] |
! [[1957 12 Hours of Sebring|1957]] |
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| {{flagicon|ARG}} [[Juan Manuel Fangio]] |
| {{flagicon|ARG}} [[Juan Manuel Fangio]]<br />{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Jean Behra]] |
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| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Maserati]] |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Maserati]] |
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| [[Maserati 450S]] |
| [[Maserati 450S]] |
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! [[1958 12 Hours of Sebring|1958]] |
! [[1958 12 Hours of Sebring|1958]] |
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|{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Peter Collins (racing driver)|Peter Collins]] |
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Peter Collins (racing driver)|Peter Collins]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Phil Hill]] |
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| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |
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| [[Ferrari TR|Ferrari 250 TR 58]] |
| [[Ferrari TR|Ferrari 250 TR 58]] |
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! [[1959 12 Hours of Sebring|1959]] |
! [[1959 12 Hours of Sebring|1959]] |
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| |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Phil Hill]]<br /> {{flagicon|USA}} [[Dan Gurney]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Chuck Daigh]]<br />{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Olivier Gendebien]] |
||
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |
||
| [[Ferrari TR|Ferrari 250 TR 59]] |
| [[Ferrari TR|Ferrari 250 TR 59]] |
||
Line 220: | Line 225: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1960 12 Hours of Sebring|1960]] |
! [[1960 12 Hours of Sebring|1960]] |
||
| {{flagicon|BEL}} [[Olivier Gendebien]] |
| {{flagicon|BEL}} [[Olivier Gendebien]]<br />{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Hans Herrmann]] |
||
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Joakim Bonnier]] |
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Joakim Bonnier]] |
||
| [[Porsche]] RS-60 |
| [[Porsche]] RS-60 |
||
Line 236: | Line 241: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1962 12 Hours of Sebring|1962]] |
! [[1962 12 Hours of Sebring|1962]] |
||
|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Lucien Bianchi]] |
| {{flagicon|BEL}} [[Lucien Bianchi]]<br /> {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Joakim Bonnier]] |
||
| {{flagicon|ITA}} Scuderia SSS Republica di Venezia |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} Scuderia SSS Republica di Venezia |
||
| [[Ferrari TR|Ferrari 250 TRI/61]] |
| [[Ferrari TR|Ferrari 250 TRI/61]] |
||
Line 268: | Line 273: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1966 12 Hours of Sebring|1966]] |
! [[1966 12 Hours of Sebring|1966]] |
||
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Lloyd Ruby]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Lloyd Ruby]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Ken Miles]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Carroll Shelby International|Shelby American Inc.]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Carroll Shelby International|Shelby American Inc.]] |
||
| [[Ford X-1]] Roadster |
| [[Ford X-1]] Roadster |
||
Line 302: | Line 307: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1970 12 Hours of Sebring|1970]] |
! [[1970 12 Hours of Sebring|1970]] |
||
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Ignazio Giunti]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Nino Vaccarella]]<br /> |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Ignazio Giunti]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Nino Vaccarella]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Mario Andretti]] |
||
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari|SpA Ferrari SEFAC]] |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari|SpA Ferrari SEFAC]] |
||
| [[Ferrari 512|Ferrari 512 S]] |
| [[Ferrari 512|Ferrari 512 S]] |
||
Line 318: | Line 323: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1972 12 Hours of Sebring|1972]] |
! [[1972 12 Hours of Sebring|1972]] |
||
| {{flagicon|BEL}} [[Jacky Ickx]] |
| {{flagicon|BEL}} [[Jacky Ickx]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Mario Andretti]] |
||
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari|SpA Ferrari SEFAC]] |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Scuderia Ferrari|SpA Ferrari SEFAC]] |
||
| [[Ferrari P|Ferrari 312 PB]] |
| [[Ferrari P|Ferrari 312 PB]] |
||
Line 337: | Line 342: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1975 12 Hours of Sebring|1975]] |
! [[1975 12 Hours of Sebring|1975]] |
||
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Hans-Joachim Stuck]]<br /> |
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Hans-Joachim Stuck]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Brian Redman]]<br />{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Allan Moffat]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} ''[[Sam Posey]]'' |
||
| {{flagicon|GER}} [[BMW Motorsport]] |
| {{flagicon|GER}} [[BMW Motorsport]] |
||
| [[BMW E9|BMW 3.0 CSL]] |
| [[BMW E9|BMW 3.0 CSL]] |
||
Line 427: | Line 432: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1986 12 Hours of Sebring|1986]] |
! [[1986 12 Hours of Sebring|1986]] |
||
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Bob Akin]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Bob Akin]]<br />{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Hans-Joachim Stuck]]<br />{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Jo Gartner]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Bob Akin]] Motor Racing |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Bob Akin]] Motor Racing |
||
| [[Porsche 962]] |
| [[Porsche 962]] |
||
Line 461: | Line 466: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1990 12 Hours of Sebring|1990]] |
! [[1990 12 Hours of Sebring|1990]] |
||
| |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Bob Earl]]<br />{{flagicon|IRL}} [[Derek Daly]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Nissan]] Performance Technology |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Nissan]] Performance Technology |
||
| [[Nissan GTP ZX-Turbo]] |
| [[Nissan GTP ZX-Turbo]] |
||
Line 479: | Line 484: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1992 12 Hours of Sebring|1992]] |
! [[1992 12 Hours of Sebring|1992]] |
||
| |
| {{flagicon|ARG}} [[Juan Manuel Fangio II]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Andy Wallace (racing driver)|Andy Wallace]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[All American Racers]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[All American Racers]] |
||
| [[All American Racers|Eagle]] MkIII-[[Toyota]] |
| [[All American Racers|Eagle]] MkIII-[[Toyota]] |
||
Line 569: | Line 574: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2003 12 Hours of Sebring|2003]] |
! [[2003 12 Hours of Sebring|2003]] |
||
|{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Philipp Peter]] |
| {{flagicon|AUT}} [[Philipp Peter]]<br />{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Frank Biela]]<br />{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Marco Werner]] |
||
| {{flagicon|GER}} [[Infineon]] [[Joest Racing|Team Joest]] |
| {{flagicon|GER}} [[Infineon]] [[Joest Racing|Team Joest]] |
||
| [[Audi R8 (LMP)|Audi R8]] |
| [[Audi R8 (LMP)|Audi R8]] |
||
Line 585: | Line 590: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2005 12 Hours of Sebring|2005]] |
! [[2005 12 Hours of Sebring|2005]] |
||
|{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Marco Werner]]<br/>{{flagicon|FIN}} [[JJ Lehto]]<br />{{flagicon|DNK}} [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]] |
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Marco Werner]]<br />{{flagicon|FIN}} [[JJ Lehto]]<br />{{flagicon|DNK}} [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[ADT Security Services|ADT]] [[Champion Racing]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[ADT Security Services|ADT]] [[Champion Racing]] |
||
| [[Audi R8 (LMP)|Audi R8]] |
| [[Audi R8 (LMP)|Audi R8]] |
||
Line 601: | Line 606: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2007 12 Hours of Sebring|2007]] |
! [[2007 12 Hours of Sebring|2007]] |
||
|{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Emanuele Pirro]] |
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Emanuele Pirro]]<br />{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Frank Biela]]<br />{{flagicon|DEU}} [[Marco Werner]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Champion Racing|Audi Sport North America]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Champion Racing|Audi Sport North America]] |
||
| [[Audi R10 TDI]]<br />([[Diesel engine|Diesel]]) |
| [[Audi R10 TDI]]<br />([[Diesel engine|Diesel]]) |
||
Line 617: | Line 622: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]] |
! [[2009 12 Hours of Sebring|2009]] |
||
| {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Rinaldo Capello]] |
| {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Rinaldo Capello]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Allan McNish]] |
||
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Joest Racing|Audi Sport Team Joest]] |
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Joest Racing|Audi Sport Team Joest]] |
||
| [[Audi R15 TDI]]<br />([[Diesel engine|Diesel]]) |
| [[Audi R15 TDI]]<br />([[Diesel engine|Diesel]]) |
||
Line 625: | Line 630: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2010 12 Hours of Sebring|2010]] |
! [[2010 12 Hours of Sebring|2010]] |
||
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Anthony Davidson]] |
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Anthony Davidson]]<br />{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Marc Gené]]<br />{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Alexander Wurz]] |
||
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Peugeot|Team Peugeot]] [[Total S.A.|Total]] |
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Peugeot|Team Peugeot]] [[Total S.A.|Total]] |
||
| [[Peugeot 908 HDi FAP]]<br />([[Diesel engine|Diesel]]) |
| [[Peugeot 908 HDi FAP]]<br />([[Diesel engine|Diesel]]) |
||
Line 649: | Line 654: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2013 12 Hours of Sebring|2013]] |
! [[2013 12 Hours of Sebring|2013]] |
||
|{{flagicon|SUI}} [[Marcel Fässler (racing driver)|Marcel Fässler]]<br />{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Benoît Tréluyer]] |
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Marcel Fässler (racing driver)|Marcel Fässler]]<br />{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Benoît Tréluyer]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Oliver Jarvis]] |
||
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Joest Racing|Audi Sport Team Joest]] |
| {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Joest Racing|Audi Sport Team Joest]] |
||
| [[Audi R18 e-tron quattro]]<br />([[Hybrid electric vehicle|hybrid]] [[diesel engine|diesel]]) |
| [[Audi R18 e-tron quattro]]<br />([[Hybrid electric vehicle|hybrid]] [[diesel engine|diesel]]) |
||
Line 665: | Line 670: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2015 12 Hours of Sebring|2015]] |
! [[2015 12 Hours of Sebring|2015]] |
||
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Sébastien Bourdais]]<br />{{flagicon|PRT}} [[João Barbosa]]<br /> |
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Sébastien Bourdais]]<br />{{flagicon|PRT}} [[João Barbosa]]<br />{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Christian Fittipaldi]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Action Express Racing]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Action Express Racing]] |
||
| [[Coyote (chassis)|Coyote]]-[[Corvette Daytona Prototype|Corvette DP]] |
| [[Coyote (chassis)|Coyote]]-[[Corvette Daytona Prototype|Corvette DP]] |
||
Line 673: | Line 678: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2016 12 Hours of Sebring|2016]] |
! [[2016 12 Hours of Sebring|2016]] |
||
|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]] |
| {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Scott Sharp]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Ed Brown (racing driver)|Ed Brown]]<br>{{nowrap|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Johannes van Overbeek]]}} |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Extreme Speed Motorsports|Tequila Patrón ESM]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Extreme Speed Motorsports|Tequila Patrón ESM]] |
||
| [[Ligier JS P2]]-[[Honda]] |
| [[Ligier JS P2]]-[[Honda]] |
||
| {{Continental}} |
| {{Continental}} |
||
| {{convert|1432.51|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{ref|B|B}} |
| {{convert|1432.51|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{ref|B|B}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2017 12 Hours of Sebring|2017]] |
! [[2017 12 Hours of Sebring|2017]] |
||
|{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Alex Lynn]] |
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Alex Lynn]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Ricky Taylor]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Jordan Taylor (racing driver)|Jordan Taylor]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Wayne Taylor Racing]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Wayne Taylor Racing]] |
||
| [[ |
| [[Cadillac DPi-V.R]] |
||
| {{Continental}} |
| {{Continental}} |
||
| {{convert|1301.52|mi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}} |
| {{convert|1301.52|mi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2018 12 Hours of Sebring|2018]] |
|||
! [[2018 12 Hours of Sebring|2018]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://results.imsa.com/Results/18_2018/05_Sebring%20International%20Raceway/01_IMSA%20WeatherTech%20SportsCar%20Championship/201803171040_Race/12_Hour%2012/03_Results%20-%20Official.PDF|title=Official Race Results|date=2018-03-20|website=[[International Motor Sports Association]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209050431/http://results.imsa.com/Results/18_2018/05_Sebring%20International%20Raceway/01_IMSA%20WeatherTech%20SportsCar%20Championship/201803171040_Race/12_Hour%2012/03_Results%20-%20Official.PDF|archive-date=2018-12-09|access-date=2018-12-09}}</ref> |
|||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Johannes van Overbeek]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Johannes van Overbeek]]<br>{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Nicolas Lapierre]]<br>{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Extreme Speed Motorsports|Tequila Patrón ESM]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Extreme Speed Motorsports|Tequila Patrón ESM]] |
||
| [[Ligier |
| [[Ligier Nissan DPi|Nissan Onroak DPi]] |
||
| {{Continental}} |
| {{Continental}} |
||
| {{convert|2070.88|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
| {{convert|2070.88|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2019 12 Hours of Sebring|2019]] |
! [[2019 12 Hours of Sebring|2019]] |
||
| {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Felipe Nasr]] |
| {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Felipe Nasr]]<br>{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Eric Curran]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Action Express Racing|Whelen Engineering Racing]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Action Express Racing|Whelen Engineering Racing]] |
||
| [[ |
| [[Cadillac DPi-V.R]] |
||
| {{Michelin}} |
| {{Michelin}} |
||
| {{convert|2094.96|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
| {{convert|2094.96|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2020 12 Hours of Sebring|2020]] |
! [[2020 12 Hours of Sebring|2020]] |
||
Line 711: | Line 715: | ||
| {{Michelin}} |
| {{Michelin}} |
||
| {{convert|2094.96|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
| {{convert|2094.96|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2021 12 Hours of Sebring|2021]] |
! [[2021 12 Hours of Sebring|2021]] |
||
Line 719: | Line 723: | ||
| {{Michelin}} |
| {{Michelin}} |
||
| {{convert|2100.98|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
| {{convert|2100.98|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2022 12 Hours of Sebring|2022]] |
! [[2022 12 Hours of Sebring|2022]] |
||
Line 727: | Line 731: | ||
| {{Michelin}} |
| {{Michelin}} |
||
| {{convert|2113.02|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
| {{convert|2113.02|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
||
| [[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
![[2023 12 Hours of Sebring|2023]] |
! [[2023 12 Hours of Sebring|2023]] |
||
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Jack Aitken]]<br />{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Alexander Sims (racing driver)|Alexander Sims]] |
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Jack Aitken]]<br />{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Pipo Derani]]<br />{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Alexander Sims (racing driver)|Alexander Sims]] |
||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Action Express Racing|Whelen Engineering Racing]] |
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Action Express Racing|Whelen Engineering Racing]] |
||
Line 735: | Line 739: | ||
| {{Michelin}} |
| {{Michelin}} |
||
| {{convert|1938.62|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
| {{convert|1938.62|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
||
|[[IMSA |
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
||
⚫ | |||
! [[2024 12 Hours of Sebring|2024]] |
|||
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Louis Delétraz]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Colton Herta]]<br />{{flagicon|USA}} [[Jordan Taylor (racing driver)|Jordan Taylor]] |
|||
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Wayne Taylor Racing]] with [[Andretti Global|Andretti]] |
|||
| [[Acura ARX-06]] |
|||
| {{Michelin}} |
|||
| {{convert|2004.33|km|mi|abbr=on}} |
|||
| [[IMSA SportsCar Championship]] |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
:{{note|A|A}} The car was in fact, a Porsche 935 K3 that has been modified with a single plug cylinder head and a front nose to resemble a Porsche 934 to comply to [[IMSA GT Championship|IMSA GTO]] specification.<ref>{{cite book|last=Starkey|first=John|title=930 to 935: The Turbo Porsches|publisher=Renwick & Starkey Ltd.|isbn=0-9665094-1-2}}</ref> |
:{{note|A|A}} The car was in fact, a Porsche 935 K3 that has been modified with a single plug cylinder head and a front nose to resemble a Porsche 934 to comply to [[IMSA GT Championship|IMSA GTO]] specification.<ref>{{cite book|last=Starkey|first=John|title=930 to 935: The Turbo Porsches|date=December 1998 |publisher=Renwick & Starkey Ltd.|isbn=0-9665094-1-2}}</ref> |
||
:{{note|B|B}} These races were stopped for a period of time due to heavy rain and/or accidents. The race clock was not stopped for these periods and counted towards the 12 Hours. |
:{{note|B|B}} These races were stopped for a period of time due to heavy rain and/or accidents. The race clock was not stopped for these periods and counted towards the 12 Hours. |
||
:{{note|C|C}} Race record for most distance covered. |
:{{note|C|C}} Race record for most distance covered. |
||
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== External links == |
== External links == |
||
{{Commons category}} |
|||
*[http://www.sebringraceway.com/ Official Homepage] |
*[http://www.sebringraceway.com/ Official Homepage] |
||
*[http://sportscarchampionship.imsa.com/ United SportsCar Championship official site] |
*[http://sportscarchampionship.imsa.com/ United SportsCar Championship official site] |
Latest revision as of 03:09, 25 December 2024
IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship | |
---|---|
Venue | Sebring International Raceway |
Corporate sponsor | Mobil 1 |
First race | 1950 |
Duration | 12 hours |
Most wins (driver) | Tom Kristensen (6) |
Most wins (team) | Scuderia Ferrari/SpA Ferrari (8) |
Most wins (manufacturer) | Porsche (18) |
The 12 Hours of Sebring is an annual motorsport endurance race for sports cars held at Sebring International Raceway, on the site of the former Hendricks Army Airfield World War II air base in Sebring, Florida, US. In the past, this race has been a round of the now defunct World Sportscar Championship, IMSA GT Championship and American Le Mans Series. In 2012, the race was the opening event of the FIA World Endurance Championship in a one off race before being returned to the American Le Mans Series for 2013. Starting in 2014, the event became the second round of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.
The race is considered to be one of the three legs of the informal Triple Crown of endurance racing along with the 24 Hours of Le Mans and 24 Hours of Daytona.[1][2][3][4][5]
History
[edit]The track opened in 1950 on an airfield and is a road racing course styled after those used in European Grand Prix motor racing. The first race was a six-hour race on New Year's Eve 1950. The winning car is currently on display at the Edge Motor Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. The next race was held 14 months later as the first 12 Hours of Sebring.[6] The race is famous for its "once around the clock" action, starting during the day and finishing at night.[7] From 1953 to 1972 the 12 Hour was a round of the FIA's premier sports car series which was contested under various names including the World Sportscar Championship and the International Championship for Makes. In the 1950s, in addition to Le Mans, Sebring was on the calendar at the same time now-legendary races such as the Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, Carrera Panamericana and the RAC Tourist Trophy were on the World Sportscar Championship calendar, such was the prestige of the Sebring race. It was also the most important American race for the European teams and drivers and was the center of European racing activity in the United States; it was the only time during the 1950s that the big European manufacturer teams and drivers came to the United States in force, bringing with them considerable international media attention—the United States Formula One Grand Prix was not run until 1959. Top drivers who competed on the European circuit in the 1950s such as Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Nino Farina, Stirling Moss and Mike Hawthorn all raced at Sebring, and the 1957 Sebring 12 Hours was the only American race the 5-time world champion Fangio ever won.
In its early years, the Sebring circuit combined former airport runways with narrow two-lane service roads.[8] The 1966 event was a turning point in Sebring history, as the facilities and the safety of the circuit were heavily criticized. Five people were killed during the race, more than in the race's prior 15-year history combined.[8] Bob McLean crashed while approaching the hairpin; his car rolled several times, struck a utility pole and then exploded, landing in a ditch and killing McLean.[8] In another incident Mario Andretti in his Ferrari 365 P2 tangled with Don Wester's Porsche 906 on the Warehouse Straight near the Webster Turns, killing four spectators and then crashing into a warehouse next to the track. Subsequent to these events, the facilities were upgraded and the circuit layout was changed, including eliminating the Webster Turns and creating the Green Park Chicane further down the track to move the straight further away from the airport warehouses.[8] The circuit was made safer, and there have only been 4 fatalities since then—a remarkable record for a circuit of Sebring's age.
The race is known as preparation for the 24 Hours of Le Mans,[9] as the track's technical layout and extremely bumpy surface, combined with south-central Florida's perennial hot weather, is a major test of a car's reliability. Teams planning to compete at Le Mans regard Sebring as an ideal preparation run for the prestigious French race.[10]
In recent years, six overall victories have been achieved by the Audi R8, one fewer than the record seven wins of the Porsche 935.[11] Tom Kristensen has won the race more times than anyone else, with six victories—in 1999–2000, 2005–2006, 2009 and in 2012.[12]
2020 saw the race be rescheduled to mid-November due to delays caused by the pandemic. It was the only season where Sebring was run twice in a season. In July, as part of restarting the season, a three-hour race was held in July with spectators. IMSA allowed spectators for this race.
Races up until 1969 began with the traditional Le Mans start procedure, which was abolished at the end of the 1969 season following Jacky Ickx protesting at Le Mans 1969; 1970 was the first 12 Hours of Sebring started with a rolling start.
Race results
[edit]The 1966 race had Dan Gurney leading at the last lap, when his engine of his Shelby American Ford GT40 Mk II seized near the end. Gurney pushed his car over the finish line, beaten only by Ken Miles and Lloyd Ruby. However, his actions were ultimately determined to be against the rules and he did not receive credit for his finish.[13]
In 2005, the Chevrolet Corvette C6.R and Aston Martin DBR9 made their race debut in the hotly contested GT1 class,[14][15] with Aston Martin winning its class for the first time in 49 years at Sebring ahead of the two Corvettes. Corvette had dominated the class the past three years with its previous generation C5R.
The all-new Audi R10 TDI won the 2006 edition of the race, the car's first ever run in competition.[16] The much-hyped Porsche RS Spyder campaigned by Penske Racing dropped to take 2nd place in its LMP2 class, behind the Intersport Lola car. The GT1 Corvette C6R team got their revenge against the Aston Martin, although the second Corvette came within 1/3 of a second of the podium in the closing laps of the race.
2007 saw Audi again winning in the R10 TDI despite requiring more frequent refueling due to changes in American Le Mans series rules intended to even the field between gasoline and diesel-powered engines.[17]
Statistics
[edit]Wins by manufacturer
[edit]Rank | Manufacturer | Wins | Years |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Porsche | 18 | 1960, 1968, 1971, 1973, 1976–1988, 2008 |
2 | Ferrari | 12 | 1956, 1958–1959, 1961–1964, 1970, 1972, 1995, 1997–1998 |
3 | Audi | 11 | 2000–2007, 2009, 2012–2013 |
4 | Nissan | 5 | 1989–1991, 1994, 2018 |
Cadillac | 2017, 2019, 2021–2023 | ||
5 | Ford | 4 | 1966–1967, 1969, 2014 |
7 | Toyota | 2 | 1992–1993 |
BMW | 1975, 1999 | ||
Peugeot | 2010–2011 | ||
10 | Crosly | 1 | 1950 |
Frazer-Nash | 1952 | ||
Cunningham | 1953 | ||
O.S.C.A. | 1954 | ||
Jaguar | 1955 | ||
Maserati | 1957 | ||
Chaparral | 1965 | ||
Oldsmobile | 1996 | ||
Corvette | 2015 | ||
Honda | 2016 | ||
Mazda | 2020 | ||
Acura | 2024 | ||
Source:[18] |
Wins by driver
[edit]Rank | Driver | Wins | Years |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Tom Kristensen | 6 | 1999, 2000, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2012 |
2 | Rinaldo Capello | 5 | 2001, 2002, 2006, 2009, 2012 |
3 | Frank Biela | 4 | 2000, 2003, 2004, 2007 |
Allan McNish | 2004, 2006, 2009, 2012 | ||
Pipo Derani | 2016, 2018, 2019, 2023 | ||
4 | Phil Hill | 3 | 1958, 1959, 1961 |
Olivier Gendebien | 1959, 1960, 1961 | ||
Mario Andretti | 1967, 1970, 1972 | ||
Hans-Joachim Stuck | 1975, 1986, 1988 | ||
Marco Werner | 2003, 2005, 2007 |
Overall winners
[edit]- ^A The car was in fact, a Porsche 935 K3 that has been modified with a single plug cylinder head and a front nose to resemble a Porsche 934 to comply to IMSA GTO specification.[20]
- ^B These races were stopped for a period of time due to heavy rain and/or accidents. The race clock was not stopped for these periods and counted towards the 12 Hours.
- ^C Race record for most distance covered.
- ^D Technically the race "winner" in 1950 was the Crosley Hot Shot of Fritz Koster / Ralph Deshon, entered by Victor Sharpe Jr. of Tampa. While the Wacker / Burrell Allard did cover more distance, the race was run under the "Index of Performance" handicapping rules and the Crosley, with a much smaller engine than the Cadillac-powered Allard, is listed in the Official Sebring Record Book as the winner.
References
[edit]- ^ Posey, Sam (February 2012). "24 Hours of Daytona: A short history of a long race". Road & Track. 63 (6): 73–77. Archived from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
- ^ "Are the days of motorsport's triple crown gone?". NZ Herald. March 22, 2024. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
- ^ Hub, Porsche Motorsport. "IMSA season opener at Daytona Beach | Porsche Motorsport Hub". motorsports.porsche.com. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
- ^ "RETURN TO SEBRING". www.ferrari.com. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
- ^ Sass, Rob (March 2, 2015). "Benjafield's 24: Endurance event features pre-war classics". Hagerty UK. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
- ^ McCluggage, Denise (February 20, 2012). "Racing Through History". Autoweek. 62 (4): 66–67.
- ^ ONCE AROUND THE CLOCK SWIFTLY ROLLING
- ^ a b c d Sebring, archived from the original on March 9, 2019, retrieved April 7, 2019
- ^ LE MANS USA. MAJOR ENDURANCE TEST FOR PORSCHE AT SEBRING., archived from the original on April 7, 2019, retrieved April 7, 2019
- ^ Nobody Tells You How Punishing the 12 Hours of Sebring Really Is
- ^ Porsche Celebrates 12 Hours of Sebring Winners, March 19, 2009
- ^ Sebring 12 hours statistics
- ^ "Sebring countdown: The 20 greatest battles countdown, Nos. 8 through 5 | Autoweek". April 6, 2016. Archived from the original on April 6, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ^ Corvette C6-R Race Car Launches For 2005
- ^ 2005 Aston-Martin DBR9, December 12, 2005
- ^ Audi V12 TDI is "Race Engine of the Year"
- ^ IMSA cuts back diesel advantage, archived from the original on May 30, 2019, retrieved January 31, 2021
- ^ "Sebring wall of winners".
- ^ Sam Collier Memorial Sebring Grand Prix of Endurance Six Hours, www.racingsportscars.com Retrieved on 31 July 2012
- ^ Starkey, John (December 1998). 930 to 935: The Turbo Porsches. Renwick & Starkey Ltd. ISBN 0-9665094-1-2.