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{{Short description|Coral atoll in the Marshall Islands}}
{{Infobox islands
{{Infobox islands
| name = Maloelap Atoll
| name = Maloelap Atoll
Line 14: Line 15:
| area_km2 = 9.8
| area_km2 = 9.8
| elevation_m = 3
| elevation_m = 3
| population = 682
| population = 395
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_as_of = 2021
| ethnic_groups = [[Marshallese people|Marshallese]]
| ethnic_groups = [[Marshallese people|Marshallese]]
|image_map=Maloelap Atoll in Marshall Islands.svg}}
}}


The '''Maloelap Atoll''' ([[Marshallese language|Marshallese]]: '''{{lang|mh|M̧aļoeļap}}''', {{IPAc-mh|mhalhewyelhap}}<ref>[http://www.trussel2.com/MOD/LocM.htm#%E1%B9%82a%E1%B8%B7oe%E1%B8%B7ap Marshallese-English Dictionary - Place Name Index]</ref>) (also spelled Maleolap) is a [[coral atoll]] of 71 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the [[Ratak Chain]] of the [[Marshall Islands]]. Its land area is only {{convert|9.8|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}, but that encloses a lagoon of {{convert|972|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}. It is located {{convert|18|km|mi|sp=us}} north of the atoll of [[Aur Atoll|Aur]]. In 2011 the population of the islands of the atoll was 682.
The '''Maloelap Atoll''' ([[Marshallese language|Marshallese]]: '''{{lang|mh|M̧aļoeļap}}''', {{IPAc-mh|mhalhewyelhap}}<ref>[http://www.trussel2.com/MOD/LocM.htm#%E1%B9%82a%E1%B8%B7oe%E1%B8%B7ap Marshallese-English Dictionary - Place Name Index]</ref>) (also spelled Maleolap) is a [[coral atoll]] of 71 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the [[Ratak Chain]] of the [[Marshall Islands]]. Its land area is only {{convert|9.8|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}, but that encloses a lagoon of {{convert|972|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}. It is located {{convert|18|km|mi|sp=us}} north of the atoll of [[Aur Atoll|Aur]]. The population of the atoll was 395 at the 2021 census.<ref name="2021census">{{cite web |url=https://spccfpstore1.blob.core.windows.net/digitallibrary-docs/files/60/605c69d76a40195baa447b5a558b0e02.pdf?sv=2015-12-11&sr=b&sig=GbQ42ZYNKrH3g389jZn7DvHUO8ObwYrFpnxIeXiRSU0%3D&se=2024-03-25T18%3A07%3A37Z&sp=r&rscc=public%2C%20max-age%3D864000%2C%20max-stale%3D86400&rsct=application%2Fpdf&rscd=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22Marshall_Islands_2021_Census_Vol1_Table_report.pdf%22 |title=Republic of the Marshall Islands 2021 Census Report, Volume 1: Basic Tables and Administrative Report |date=May 30, 2023 |website=Pacific Community (SPC): Statistics for Development Division |publisher=[[Pacific Community]] |access-date=September 27, 2023 |archive-date=2023-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927183142/https://spccfpstore1.blob.core.windows.net/digitallibrary-docs/files/60/605c69d76a40195baa447b5a558b0e02.pdf?sv=2015-12-11&sr=b&sig=GbQ42ZYNKrH3g389jZn7DvHUO8ObwYrFpnxIeXiRSU0%3D&se=2024-03-25T18:07:37Z&sp=r&rscc=public,%20max-age%3D864000,%20max-stale%3D86400&rsct=application/pdf&rscd=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22Marshall_Islands_2021_Census_Vol1_Table_report.pdf%22 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


The largest of the islands that make up the atoll are [[Taroa]] (the administrative center of the atoll), in the northeast, and [[Kaben]] in the northwest. Only three of the other islands in the atoll are inhabited: Airuk, Wolot and Jang. The island is served by [[Air Marshall Islands]] via [[Maloelap Airport]].
The largest of the islands that make up the atoll are [[Taroa]] (the administrative center of the atoll), in the northeast, and [[Kaben]] in the northwest. Only three of the other islands in the atoll are inhabited: Airuk, Wolot and Jang. The island is served by [[Air Marshall Islands]] via [[Maloelap Airport]].


==History==
==History==
Maloelap Atoll was claimed by the [[German Empire]] along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1885.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Churchill |first1=William |author-link1=William Churchill (ethnologist) |date=1920 |title=Germany's Lost Pacific Empire |jstor=207706 |journal=Geographical Review |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=84}}</ref> After World War I, the island came under the [[South Seas Mandate]] of the [[Empire of Japan]].
Maloelap Atoll was claimed by the [[German Empire]] along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1885.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Churchill |first1=William |author-link1=William Churchill (ethnologist) |date=1920 |title=Germany's Lost Pacific Empire |jstor=207706 |journal=Geographical Review |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=84–90|doi=10.2307/207706 |bibcode=1920GeoRv..10...84C }}</ref> After World War I, the island came under the [[South Seas Mandate]] of the [[Empire of Japan]].


In 1939, the Japanese built a seaplane base and landplane [[Taroa Airfield]] with two runways (4800' + 4100') and support buildings and facilities, including a [[radar]] station. During World War II the Japanese garrison of 2,940 navy men and 389 army men was commanded by Rear Admiral Shoichi Kamada.<ref name=Takizawa>{{cite web|first1=Akira |last1=Takizawa |first2=Allan |last2=Alsleben |url=https://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/japan_garrison.html |title=Japanese garrisons on the by-passed Pacific Islands 1944-1945 |date=1999–2000 |work=Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106231303/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/japan_garrison.html |archivedate=2016-01-06 }}</ref> The perimeter of the island was heavily fortified with 12 heavy coastal artillery and 10 heavy anti-aircraft guns.<ref name=Takizawa/> The island was attacked by the [[United States Navy]] beginning in February 1942 starting with carrier-based aircraft and shelling by warships. The attacks grew in frequency and severity after [[Majuro]] and [[Kwajalein]] had fallen to the Americans. Of the 3097-man Japanese garrison (1772 [[Imperial Japanese Navy]], 368 [[Imperial Japanese Army]], and 957 civilians) only 1041 (34%) survived the war. Several Marshallese were also killed. A large number of war relics, including plane wrecks, mainly [[Mitsubishi A6M]] Zero fighters and [[Mitsubishi G4M]] Betty bombers remain scattered about.
In 1939, the Japanese built a seaplane base and landplane [[Taroa Airfield]] with two runways (4800' + 4100') and support buildings and facilities, including a [[radar]] station. During World War II the Japanese garrison of 2,940 navy men and 389 army men was commanded by Rear Admiral Shoichi Kamada.<ref name=Takizawa>{{cite web|first1=Akira |last1=Takizawa |first2=Allan |last2=Alsleben |url=https://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/japan_garrison.html |title=Japanese garrisons on the by-passed Pacific Islands 1944-1945 |date=1999–2000 |work=Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106231303/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/japan_garrison.html |archivedate=2016-01-06 }}</ref> The perimeter of the island was heavily fortified with 12 heavy coastal artillery and 10 heavy anti-aircraft guns.<ref name=Takizawa/> The island was attacked by the [[United States Navy]] beginning in February 1942 starting with carrier-based aircraft and shelling by warships. The attacks grew in frequency and severity after [[Majuro]] and [[Kwajalein]] had fallen to the Americans. Of the 3097-man Japanese garrison (1772 [[Imperial Japanese Navy]], 368 [[Imperial Japanese Army]], and 957 civilians) only 1041 (34%) survived the war. Several Marshallese were also killed. A large number of war relics, including plane wrecks, mainly [[Mitsubishi A6M]] Zero fighters and [[Mitsubishi G4M]] Betty bombers remain scattered about.
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* Tarawa Elementary School
* Tarawa Elementary School


[[Northern Islands High School]] on [[Wotje]] serves the community.<ref>"[http://www.pss.edu.mh/files/PSSDocuments/Annual%20Reports/Annual%20Report%20MOE%202011-2012.pdf Annual Report 2011-2012]." [[Ministry of Education (Marshall Islands)]]. Retrieved on February 22, 2018. p. 54 (PDF p. 55/118). "Northern Islands High School takes students from the Ratak Ean zone including schools in Aur, Maloelap, Wotje, Ailuk, Utrik, Likiep and Mejit."</ref>
[[Northern Islands High School]] on [[Wotje]] serves the community.<ref>"[http://www.pss.edu.mh/files/PSSDocuments/Annual%20Reports/Annual%20Report%20MOE%202011-2012.pdf Annual Report 2011-2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222090338/http://www.pss.edu.mh/files/PSSDocuments/Annual%20Reports/Annual%20Report%20MOE%202011-2012.pdf |date=2018-02-22 }}." [[Ministry of Education (Marshall Islands)]]. Retrieved on February 22, 2018. p. 54 (PDF p. 55/118). "Northern Islands High School takes students from the Ratak Ean zone including schools in Aur, Maloelap, Wotje, Ailuk, Utrik, Likiep and Mejit."</ref>


==Notes==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==References==
==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://oceandots.com/pacific/marshall/maloelap.php Marshall Islands site]
* [http://marshall.csu.edu.au/Marshalls/html/atolls/maloelap.html Marshall Islands site]
*{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://oceandots.com/pacific/marshall/maloelap.php |date=December 23, 2010 |title=Oceandots entry for Maloelap }}
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://oceandots.com/pacific/marshall/maloelap.php |date=December 23, 2010 |title=Oceandots entry for Maloelap }}
*[http://www.pacificwrecks.com/people/visitors/gajda/taroa/ Pacific Wrecks]
* [http://www.pacificwrecks.com/people/visitors/gajda/taroa/ Pacific Wrecks]
* {{cite web|first=Klemen |last=L |url=https://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/index.html |title=Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |date=1999–2000 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726053035/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/index.html |archivedate=2011-07-26 }}
* {{cite web|first=Klemen |last=L |url=https://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/index.html |title=Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |date=1999–2000 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726053035/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/index.html |archivedate=2011-07-26 }}
* [https://www.infomarshallislands.com/atolls-m-w/maloelap-atoll/ Info Marshall Islands - Maloelap Atoll]

{{Portal bar|Islands|Oceania}}
{{Portal bar|Islands|Oceania}}
{{Marshall Islands topics}}
{{Marshall Islands topics}}

Latest revision as of 03:10, 26 December 2024

Maloelap Atoll
NASA picture of Maloelap Atoll
Maloelap Atoll is located in Marshall Islands
Maloelap Atoll
Maloelap Atoll
Geography
LocationNorth Pacific
Coordinates08°45′00″N 171°04′00″E / 8.75000°N 171.06667°E / 8.75000; 171.06667
ArchipelagoRatak
Total islands71
Area9.8 km2 (3.8 sq mi)
Highest elevation3 m (10 ft)
Administration
Demographics
Population395 (2021)
Ethnic groupsMarshallese

The Maloelap Atoll (Marshallese: M̧aļoeļap, [mˠɑlˠɔːɛlˠɑpʲ][1]) (also spelled Maleolap) is a coral atoll of 71 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands. Its land area is only 9.8 square kilometers (3.8 sq mi), but that encloses a lagoon of 972 square kilometers (375 sq mi). It is located 18 kilometers (11 mi) north of the atoll of Aur. The population of the atoll was 395 at the 2021 census.[2]

The largest of the islands that make up the atoll are Taroa (the administrative center of the atoll), in the northeast, and Kaben in the northwest. Only three of the other islands in the atoll are inhabited: Airuk, Wolot and Jang. The island is served by Air Marshall Islands via Maloelap Airport.

History

[edit]

Maloelap Atoll was claimed by the German Empire along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1885.[3] After World War I, the island came under the South Seas Mandate of the Empire of Japan.

In 1939, the Japanese built a seaplane base and landplane Taroa Airfield with two runways (4800' + 4100') and support buildings and facilities, including a radar station. During World War II the Japanese garrison of 2,940 navy men and 389 army men was commanded by Rear Admiral Shoichi Kamada.[4] The perimeter of the island was heavily fortified with 12 heavy coastal artillery and 10 heavy anti-aircraft guns.[4] The island was attacked by the United States Navy beginning in February 1942 starting with carrier-based aircraft and shelling by warships. The attacks grew in frequency and severity after Majuro and Kwajalein had fallen to the Americans. Of the 3097-man Japanese garrison (1772 Imperial Japanese Navy, 368 Imperial Japanese Army, and 957 civilians) only 1041 (34%) survived the war. Several Marshallese were also killed. A large number of war relics, including plane wrecks, mainly Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters and Mitsubishi G4M Betty bombers remain scattered about.

Following the end of World War II, the island came under the control of the United States as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands until the independence of the Marshall Islands in 1986. Maloelap Atoll was the first to ratify the Marshall Islands' constitution.

Education

[edit]

Marshall Islands Public School System operates public schools:[5]

  • Aerok Elementary School
  • Jang Elementary School
  • Kaben Elementary School
  • Ollet Elementary School
  • Tarawa Elementary School

Northern Islands High School on Wotje serves the community.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Marshallese-English Dictionary - Place Name Index
  2. ^ "Republic of the Marshall Islands 2021 Census Report, Volume 1: Basic Tables and Administrative Report" (PDF). Pacific Community (SPC): Statistics for Development Division. Pacific Community. May 30, 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-09-27. Retrieved September 27, 2023.
  3. ^ Churchill, William (1920). "Germany's Lost Pacific Empire". Geographical Review. 10 (2): 84–90. Bibcode:1920GeoRv..10...84C. doi:10.2307/207706. JSTOR 207706.
  4. ^ a b Takizawa, Akira; Alsleben, Allan (1999–2000). "Japanese garrisons on the by-passed Pacific Islands 1944-1945". Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942. Archived from the original on 2016-01-06.
  5. ^ "Public Schools Archived 2018-02-21 at the Wayback Machine." Marshall Islands Public School System. Retrieved on February 21, 2018.
  6. ^ "Annual Report 2011-2012 Archived 2018-02-22 at the Wayback Machine." Ministry of Education (Marshall Islands). Retrieved on February 22, 2018. p. 54 (PDF p. 55/118). "Northern Islands High School takes students from the Ratak Ean zone including schools in Aur, Maloelap, Wotje, Ailuk, Utrik, Likiep and Mejit."
[edit]
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