Albert J. Winkler: Difference between revisions

Albert Julius Winkler
Albert Julius Winkler
Born	March 4, 1894; The Grove, Texas, U.S.
Died	August 29, 1989 (aged 95); Woodland, California, U.S.
Alma mater	University of Texas; University of Missouri; UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources

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Albert Julius Winkler (4 March 1894, in The Grove, Texas – 29 August 1989, in Woodland, California) was an American professor of viticulture and one of its leading authorities.^[1] His name is famous for the Winkler index, developed with Maynard Amerine.^[2]

Biography

Winkler grew up on a farm in Texas. He was the youngest child among 8 boys and 2 girls.^[3] Both of his parents were born in Germany, but they were married in the United States.^[4] His family made a 50-gallon barrel of wine each year.^[5] He graduated in 1918 with a bachelor's degree in plant physiology from the University of Texas and then served briefly in the U.S. Army as a lieutenant.^{[citation needed]} He graduated in 1918 with an M.A. from the University of Missouri^[6] and in 1921 with a Ph.D. in pomology and plant physiology from the University of California, Berkeley.^[7]

In 1921 Winkler joined the faculty of the University of California, Davis (UC Davis) as an associate in viticulture at the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at the University Farm, Davis.^[8] He became a full professor of viticulture in 1937 and chaired the department of viticulture and enology from 1935 to 1957. He retired as professor emeritus in 1963.^{[citation needed]} He oversaw the development of the department at UC Davis into a leading center of research and education.^[6] His research and work with growers contributed considerably to the growth of California's wine and grape industry.^[1]

... Winkler spent much of his career as a specialist in wine grapes and wine making. But during the Prohibition era, 1919-33, he switched his research to table grapes and in the late 1920s pioneered a sulfur dioxide gassing process that made it possible to ship and market California grapes in the East. After Prohibition, Winkler returned to wine grape research.^[1]

Winkler's book General Viticulture (1st edition 1962, several later editions)^[9]^[10]^[11] became an international classic and is perhaps his greatest contribution to viticulture.^{[citation needed]} The book has been translated into Spanish, Italian, Greek, Hindi, and Russian.^[6]^[12]

In 1919 he married Viola Lilly Pearl Buehrer (known as "Pearl", b. 1896). After 69 years of marriage she died in 1988.^[1] Upon his death in 1989 he was survived by 2 daughters, 5 grandchildren, and 8 great grandsons.^[6]

Awards and honors

1925 — elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science^[13]
1953–1954 — President of the American Society for Enology and Viticulture^[14]
1954 — Silver Medal Award of Accademia Italiano della Vite e del Vino

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Oliver, Myrna (September 6, 1989). "Obituary. Albert Winkler; Authority on Viticulture". Los Angeles Times. photostatic reproduction of obituary
^ Amerine, M.A.; Winkler, A.J. (1944). "Composition and quality of musts and wines of California grapes". Hilgardia. 15 (6): 493–675. doi:10.3733/hilg.v15n06p493.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971, Interview by Joane Leach Larkey and Ruth Teiser in 1972. Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. 1973. p. 53.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 54.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 2.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kliewer, W. M.; Ough, C. S.; Matthews, M. A. (1989). "Albert J. Winkler, Viticulture and Enology; 1894–1989, Professor of Viticulture, Emeritus". University of California: In Memoriam.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 58.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 60.
^ Winkler, Albert Julius (1965). General Viticulture. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02591-2.
^ Winkler, A. J.; Cook, James A.; Kliewer, W. M.; Lider, Lloyd A. (13 December 1974). General Viticulture: Second Revised Edition. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520025912.
^ Childers, N. F. (December 1975). "Review of General Viticulture, 2nd ed. 1974, by A. J. Winkler, James A. Cook, W. M. Kliewer, and Lloyd A. Lider". Soil Science. 120 (6): 462. Bibcode:1975SoilS.120..462W. doi:10.1097/00010694-197512000-00012.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 46.
^ Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 106.
^ "Past Presidents". American Society for Enology and Viticulture. 9 November 2020. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.

External links

"Bibliography of Major Research Papers, 1923–1971". Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. pp. 126–129.
"Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971 (interview with link to transcript and audio excerpt)". Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.
"Pearl & Albert J. Winkler Scholarship". 22 May 2018.

[LAT-1] Oliver, Myrna (September 6, 1989). "Obituary. Albert Winkler; Authority on Viticulture". Los Angeles Times. photostatic reproduction of obituary

[2] Amerine, M.A.; Winkler, A.J. (1944). "Composition and quality of musts and wines of California grapes". Hilgardia. 15 (6): 493–675. doi:10.3733/hilg.v15n06p493.

[3] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971, Interview by Joane Leach Larkey and Ruth Teiser in 1972. Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. 1973. p. 53.

[4] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 54.

[5] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 2.

[obitUC-6] Kliewer, W. M.; Ough, C. S.; Matthews, M. A. (1989). "Albert J. Winkler, Viticulture and Enology; 1894–1989, Professor of Viticulture, Emeritus". University of California: In Memoriam.

[7] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 58.

[8] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 60.

[9] Winkler, Albert Julius (1965). General Viticulture. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02591-2.

[10] Winkler, A. J.; Cook, James A.; Kliewer, W. M.; Lider, Lloyd A. (13 December 1974). General Viticulture: Second Revised Edition. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520025912.

[11] Childers, N. F. (December 1975). "Review of General Viticulture, 2nd ed. 1974, by A. J. Winkler, James A. Cook, W. M. Kliewer, and Lloyd A. Lider". Soil Science. 120 (6): 462. Bibcode:1975SoilS.120..462W. doi:10.1097/00010694-197512000-00012.

[12] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 46.

[13] Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971. 1973. p. 106.

[14] "Past Presidents". American Society for Enology and Viticulture. 9 November 2020. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2020.

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+{{short description|American professor}}
-'''Albert Julius Winkler''' (4 March 1894, [[The Grove, Texas]] – 29 August 1989, [[Woodland, California]]) was an American professor of [[viticulture]] and one of its leading authorities.<ref name=LAT>{{cite newspaper|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-06-mn-1542-story.html|title=Obituary. Albert Winkler; Authority on Viticulture|author=Oliver, Myrna|date=September 6, 1989|newspaper=Los Angeles Times}} [https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n15/mode/2up/ photostatic reproduction of obituary]</ref> His name is famous for the [[Winkler index]], developed with [[Maynard Amerine]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Amerine|first=M.A.|last2=Winkler|first2=A.J.|year=1944|title=Composition and quality of musts and wines of California grapes|url=|journal=[[Hilgardia]]|volume=15|issue=6|pages=493–675|doi=10.3733/hilg.v15n06p493}}</ref>
+{{Infobox scientist
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+'''Albert Julius Winkler''' (4 March 1894, in [[The Grove, Texas]] – 29 August 1989, in [[Woodland, California]]) was an American professor of [[viticulture]] and one of its leading authorities.<ref name=LAT>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-06-mn-1542-story.html|title=Obituary. Albert Winkler; Authority on Viticulture|author=Oliver, Myrna|date=September 6, 1989|newspaper=Los Angeles Times}} [https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n15/mode/2up/ photostatic reproduction of obituary]</ref> His name is famous for the [[Winkler index]], developed with [[Maynard Amerine]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Amerine|first1=M.A.|last2=Winkler|first2=A.J.|year=1944|title=Composition and quality of musts and wines of California grapes|journal=[[Hilgardia]]|volume=15|issue=6|pages=493–675|doi=10.3733/hilg.v15n06p493|doi-access=free}}</ref>
 ==Biography==
-Winkler grew up on a farm in Texas. He was the youngest child among 8 boys and 2 girls.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971, Interview by Joane Leach Larkey and Ruth Teiser in 1972|publisher=Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley|year=1973|page=53|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n151/mode/2up/}}</ref> Both of his parents were born in Germany, but they were married in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=54|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n153/mode/2up/}}</ref> His family made a 50-gallon of wine each year.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=2|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n43/mode/2up/}}</ref> He graduated in 1918 with a bachelor's degree in plant physiology from the University of Texas and then served briefly in the U.S. Army as a lieutenant. He graduated in 1918 with an M.A. from the University of Missouri<ref name=obitUC>{{cite web|author=Kliewer, W. M.|author2=Ough, C. S.|author3=Matthews, M. A.|title=Albert J. Winkler, Viticulture and Enology; 1894–1989, Professor of Viticulture, Emeritus|url=http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4p30063r;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00074&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=calisphere|website=University of California: In Memoriam|year=1989}}</ref> and in 1921 with a Ph.D. in pomology and plant physiology from the [[University of California, Berkeley]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=58|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n163/mode/2up/}}</ref>
+Winkler grew up on a farm in Texas. He was the youngest child among 8 boys and 2 girls.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971, Interview by Joane Leach Larkey and Ruth Teiser in 1972|publisher=Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley|year=1973|page=53|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n151/mode/2up/}}</ref> Both of his parents were born in Germany, but they were married in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=54|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n153/mode/2up/}}</ref> His family made a 50-gallon barrel of wine each year.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=2|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n43/mode/2up/}}</ref> He graduated in 1918 with a bachelor's degree in plant physiology from the University of Texas and then served briefly in the U.S. Army as a lieutenant.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} He graduated in 1918 with an M.A. from the University of Missouri<ref name=obitUC>{{cite web|author=Kliewer, W. M.|author2=Ough, C. S.|author3=Matthews, M. A.|title=Albert J. Winkler, Viticulture and Enology; 1894–1989, Professor of Viticulture, Emeritus|url=http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4p30063r;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00074&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=calisphere|website=University of California: In Memoriam|year=1989}}</ref> and in 1921 with a Ph.D. in [[pomology]] and plant physiology from the [[University of California, Berkeley]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=58|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n163/mode/2up/}}</ref>
-In 1921 Winkler joined the faculty of the [[University of California, Davis]] (UC Davis) as an associate in viticulture at the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at the University Farm, Davis.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=60|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n167/mode/2up/}}</ref> He became a full professor of viticulture in 1937 and chaired the department of viticulture and enology from 1935 to 1957. He retired as professor emeritus in 1963. He oversaw the development of the department at UC Davis into a leading center of research and education.<ref name=obitUC/> His research and work with growers contributed considerably to the growth of California's wine and grape industry.<ref name=LAT/>
+In 1921 Winkler joined the faculty of the [[University of California, Davis]] (UC Davis) as an associate in viticulture at the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station at the University Farm, Davis.<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=60|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n167/mode/2up/}}</ref> He became a full professor of viticulture in 1937 and chaired the department of viticulture and enology from 1935 to 1957. He retired as professor emeritus in 1963.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} He oversaw the development of the department at UC Davis into a leading center of research and education.<ref name=obitUC/> His research and work with growers contributed considerably to the growth of California's wine and grape industry.<ref name=LAT/>
 {{blockquote|... Winkler spent much of his career as a specialist in wine grapes and wine making. But during the Prohibition era, 1919-33, he switched his research to table grapes and in the late 1920s pioneered a sulfur dioxide gassing process that made it possible to ship and market California grapes in the East. After Prohibition, Winkler returned to wine grape research.<ref name=LAT/>}}
-Winkler’s book ''General Viticulture'' (1st edition 1962, several later editions) became an international classic and is perhaps his greatest contribution to viticulture. The book has been translated into Spanish, Italian, Greek, Hindi, and Russian.<ref name=obitUC/><ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=46|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n133/mode/2up/}}</ref>
+Winkler's book ''General Viticulture'' (1st edition 1962, several later editions)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/generalviticultu00wink|url-access=registration|title = General Viticulture|last1 = Winkler|first1 = Albert Julius|year = 1965|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-02591-2 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YKHLu8cQdXUC|title = General Viticulture: Second Revised Edition|isbn = 9780520025912|last1 = Winkler|first1 = A. J.|last2 = Cook|first2 = James A.|last3 = Kliewer|first3 = W. M.|last4 = Lider|first4 = Lloyd A.|date = 13 December 1974| publisher=University of California Press }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Review of ''General Viticulture'', 2nd ed. 1974, by A. J. Winkler, James A. Cook, W. M. Kliewer, and Lloyd A. Lider|journal=Soil Science|date=December 1975|volume=120|issue=6|page=462|last1=Childers|first1=N. F.|doi=10.1097/00010694-197512000-00012|bibcode=1975SoilS.120..462W}}</ref> became an international classic and is perhaps his greatest contribution to viticulture.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} The book has been translated into Spanish, Italian, Greek, Hindi, and Russian.<ref name=obitUC/><ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=46|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n133/mode/2up/}}</ref>
 In 1919 he married Viola Lilly Pearl Buehrer (known as "Pearl", b. 1896). After 69 years of marriage she died in 1988.<ref name=LAT/> Upon his death in 1989 he was survived by 2 daughters, 5 grandchildren, and 8 great grandsons.<ref name=obitUC/>
 ==Awards and honors==
-* 1925 — elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=106|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n263/mode/2up/}}</ref>
+* 1925 — elected a Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|page=106|url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n263/mode/2up/}}</ref>
-* 1953–1954 — President of the [[American Society for Enology and Viticulture]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Past Presidents|website=American Society for Enology and Viticulture|url=https://www.asev.org/past-presidents}}</ref>
+* 1953–1954 — President of the [[American Society for Enology and Viticulture]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Past Presidents|website=American Society for Enology and Viticulture|date=9 November 2020|url=https://www.asev.org/past-presidents|access-date=27 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327003148/https://www.asev.org/past-presidents|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * 1954 —  Silver Medal Award of Accademia Italiano della Vite e del Vino
@@ Line 22: / Line 78: @@
 ==External links==
 *{{cite book|chapter=Bibliography of Major Research Papers, 1923–1971|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971|year=1973|pages=126–129|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/viticulturalresearch00winkrich/page/n305/mode/2up/}}
+*{{cite web|title=Albert J. Winkler: Viticultural research at UC Davis, 1921–1971 (interview with link to transcript and audio excerpt)|website=Oral History Center, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley|url=https://ohc-search.lib.berkeley.edu/catalog/MASTER_222}}
 *{{cite web|url=https://wineserver.ucdavis.edu/giving/scholarhips-endowments/pearl-albert-j-winkler-scholarship|title=Pearl & Albert J. Winkler Scholarship|date=22 May 2018}}
 {{authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Winkler, Albert J.}}
 [[Category:1894 births]]
 [[Category:1989 deaths]]
+[[Category:American viticulturists]]
 [[Category:People from Coryell County, Texas]]
 [[Category:Oenologists]]
-[[Category:Viticulturists]]
 [[Category:University of Texas alumni]]
 [[Category:University of Missouri alumni]]
-[[Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni]]
+[[Category:UC Berkeley College of Natural Resources alumni]]
 [[Category:University of California, Davis faculty]]
+[[Category:Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science]]

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF
National	Germany United States Netherlands Israel
Other	IdRef