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{{Short description|Scottish Jacobite soldier and peer}}
{{Short description|Scottish Jacobite soldier and peer}}
{{EngvarB|date=December 2013}}
{{EngvarB|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
'''William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne''' (''c.'' 1665 – 3 February 1726) was a [[Peerage of Scotland|Scottish peer]] and [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] who fought in the [[Jacobite rising of 1715|Rising of 1715]], after which he was [[Attainder|attainted]] and condemned to death for treason, but in 1717 he was indemnified and released.
'''William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne''' (''c.'' 1665 – 3 February 1726) was a [[Peerage of Scotland|Scottish peer]] and [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] who fought in the [[Jacobite rising of 1715|Rising of 1715]], after which he was [[Attainder|attainted]] and condemned to death for treason, but in 1717 he was indemnified and released.


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Born about 1665, the fourth son of [[John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl]], by his marriage to Lady Amelia Sophia, a daughter of [[James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby]], Murray was the younger brother of [[John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl]].<ref name=rr>[[Melville Henry Massue|Melville Henry Massue, Marquess of Ruvigny & Raineval]], ''The Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Grants of Honour'' (Genealogical Publishing Co., 2003 edition), [https://books.google.com/books?id=cvYeBYm4pu8C&pg=PA126 p. 126]</ref> His grandmother, [[Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby]] (1599–1664), a daughter of [[Claude de La Trémoille]], Duke of Thouars (1566–1604) was famous in her own right for her [[Siege of Lathom House|defence of Lathom House]] against Parliamentary forces during the [[First English Civil War]] in 1644.<ref>[[James Wood (encyclopaedist)|James Wood]], 'Derby, Charlotte, Countess of' in ''[[The Nuttall Encyclopædia]]'' (London & New York: Frederick Warne, 1907)</ref>
Born about 1665, the fourth son of [[John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl]], by his marriage to Lady Amelia Sophia, a daughter of [[James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby]], Murray was the younger brother of [[John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl]].<ref name=rr>[[Melville Henry Massue|Melville Henry Massue, Marquess of Ruvigny & Raineval]], ''The Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Grants of Honour'' (Genealogical Publishing Co., 2003 edition), [https://books.google.com/books?id=cvYeBYm4pu8C&pg=PA126 p. 126]</ref> His grandmother, [[Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby]] (1599–1664), a daughter of [[Claude de La Trémoille]], Duke of Thouars (1566–1604) was famous in her own right for her [[Siege of Lathom House|defence of Lathom House]] against Parliamentary forces during the [[First English Civil War]] in 1644.<ref>[[James Wood (encyclopaedist)|James Wood]], 'Derby, Charlotte, Countess of' in ''[[The Nuttall Encyclopædia]]'' (London & New York: Frederick Warne, 1907)</ref>


In February 1680 William Murray married ten-year-old [[Margaret, 2nd Lady Nairne|Margaret Nairne]] (born on 16 December 1669), the only daughter and heiress of [[Robert Nairne, 1st Lord Nairne|Robert Nairne]]. In 1681 Nairne, an octogenarian who had no sons, was created by [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] [[Lord Nairne]], in the [[peerage of Scotland]], with a [[special remainder]] to his son-in-law. Thus, when Nairne died on 30 May 1683, Murray succeeded him in the peerage. He took his seat in the [[Parliament of Scotland]] on 22 October 1690, but he never took the oath of allegiance to the new monarchs, [[William III of England|William III]] and [[Mary II of England|Mary II]], who in the [[Glorious Revolution]] of 1688 had unseated the last Stuart king, [[James II of England|James II]].<ref name=rr/>
In February 1680 William Murray married ten-year-old [[Margaret, 2nd Lady Nairne|Margaret Nairne]] (born on 16 December 1669), the only daughter and heiress of [[Robert Nairne, 1st Lord Nairne|Robert Nairne]]. In 1681 Nairne, an octogenarian who had no sons, was created by [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] [[Lord Nairne]], in the [[peerage of Scotland]], with a [[special remainder]] to his son-in-law. Thus, when Nairne died on 30 May 1683, Murray succeeded him in the peerage. He also inherited the Nairne estate in [[Perthshire]] and the family seat, the [[House of Nairne]], which he rebuilt and greatly expanded from 1706 to the designs of [[Sir William Bruce]] following a fire in 1705.<ref>Scotland's Lost Gardens by Marilyn Brown ISBN 978-1-902419-947</ref>
He took his seat in the [[Parliament of Scotland]] on 22 October 1690, but he never took the oath of allegiance to the new monarchs, [[William III of England|William III]] and [[Mary II of England|Mary II]], who in the [[Glorious Revolution]] of 1688 had unseated the last Stuart king, [[James II of England|James II]].<ref name=rr/>

[[File:Prince James Francis Edward Stuart by Anton Raphael Mengs.jpg|thumb|140px|The Old Pretender]]
[[File:Prince James Francis Edward Stuart by Anton Raphael Mengs.jpg|thumb|140px|The Old Pretender]]

Unlike his brother John, who had taken the side of William and Mary and was created Earl of Tullibardine by William in 1696 and [[Duke of Atholl]] by [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]], Nairne's loyalties remained with King James and his heirs. At the time of the [[Jacobite rising of 1715]], Nairne was one of the first to rally to the cause of the [[James Francis Edward Stuart|Old Pretender]] when [[John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1675–1732)|John Erskine, Earl of Mar]], proclaimed him King at [[Braemar]] on 6 September 1715, and Nairne fought through Mar's autumn campaign.<ref name=rr/> On 14 November 1715, after the disastrous [[Battle of Preston (1715)|Battle of Preston]], Nairne was taken prisoner and was sent from there to the [[Tower of London]].<ref name=rr/>
Unlike his brother John, who had taken the side of William and Mary and was created Earl of Tullibardine by William in 1696 and [[Duke of Atholl]] by [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]], Nairne's loyalties remained with King James and his heirs. At the time of the [[Jacobite rising of 1715]], Nairne was one of the first to rally to the cause of the [[James Francis Edward Stuart|Old Pretender]] when [[John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1675–1732)|John Erskine, Earl of Mar]], proclaimed him King at [[Braemar]] on 6 September 1715, and Nairne fought through Mar's autumn campaign.<ref name=rr/> On 14 November 1715, after the disastrous [[Battle of Preston (1715)|Battle of Preston]], Nairne was taken prisoner and was sent from there to the [[Tower of London]].<ref name=rr/>


On 9 February 1716 Nairne was tried for [[treason]], found guilty, [[attainder|attainted]], and condemned to death. However, his execution was stayed and he lived to benefit from the [[Indemnity Act 1717|Indemnity Act]] of 1717, so in December of that year was released. On 24 June 1721 he was created Earl of Nairne in the [[Jacobite peerage]] and died on 3 February 1726. His widow survived him until 1747.<ref name=rr/>
On 9 February 1716 Nairne was tried for [[treason]], found guilty, [[attainder|attainted]], and condemned to death. However, his execution was stayed and he lived to benefit from the [[Indemnity Act 1717]], so in December of that year was released. On 24 June 1721 he was created Earl of Nairne in the [[Jacobite peerage]] and died on 3 February 1726. His widow survived him until 1747.<ref name=rr/>


==Children and posterity==
==Children and posterity==
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*Hon. Robert (d. 16 Apr 1746). He married Jean Mercer of Aldie, daughter of [[Sir Laurence Mercer]] of Aldie and Helen Mercer (maternal granddaughter of [[Sir Thomas Stewart, 12th Laird of Grandtully]]. They had a son, and a daughter. He was killed at the Battle of Culloden. Their granddaughter Jane married [[George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith]] and was the mother of [[Margaret Mercer Elphinstone]], who became heiress of the Lordship of Nairne in 1837.
*Hon. Robert (d. 16 Apr 1746). He married Jean Mercer of Aldie, daughter of [[Sir Laurence Mercer]] of Aldie and Helen Mercer (maternal granddaughter of [[Sir Thomas Stewart, 12th Laird of Grandtully]]. They had a son, and a daughter. He was killed at the Battle of Culloden. Their granddaughter Jane married [[George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith]] and was the mother of [[Margaret Mercer Elphinstone]], who became heiress of the Lordship of Nairne in 1837.
*John, Master of Nairne (c. 1691 - 11 July 1770). Like his sister he married one of the children of Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore, Lady Catherine. They had three sons who survived infancy. He would likewise fight as a Jacobite during the Rising, but survived, and escaped to Sweden, and eventually settled in France.
*John, Master of Nairne (c. 1691 - 11 July 1770). Like his sister he married one of the children of Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore, Lady Catherine. They had three sons who survived infancy. He would likewise fight as a Jacobite during the Rising, but survived, and escaped to Sweden, and eventually settled in France.
*Hon. Henrieta Murray (b. 1714). Died unmarried.
*Hon. Henrieta Murray (born 1714). Died unmarried.
*Hon. Charlotte, who married [[John Robertson, 11th Laird of Lude]]. They had two sons, and a daughter.
*Hon. Charlotte, who married [[John Robertson, 11th Laird of Lude]]. They had two sons, and a daughter.
*Hon. May Marjorie, who married [[Duncan Robertson, 14th Chief of Clan Donnachaidh]]. They had at least two sons, and a daughter.
*Hon. May Marjorie, who married [[Duncan Robertson, 14th Chief of Clan Donnachaidh]]. They had at least two sons, and a daughter.

Latest revision as of 20:40, 28 December 2024

William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne (c. 1665 – 3 February 1726) was a Scottish peer and Jacobite who fought in the Rising of 1715, after which he was attainted and condemned to death for treason, but in 1717 he was indemnified and released.

In 1721, he was created Earl of Nairne in the Jacobite peerage.

Life

[edit]

Born about 1665, the fourth son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, by his marriage to Lady Amelia Sophia, a daughter of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, Murray was the younger brother of John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl.[1] His grandmother, Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby (1599–1664), a daughter of Claude de La Trémoille, Duke of Thouars (1566–1604) was famous in her own right for her defence of Lathom House against Parliamentary forces during the First English Civil War in 1644.[2]

In February 1680 William Murray married ten-year-old Margaret Nairne (born on 16 December 1669), the only daughter and heiress of Robert Nairne. In 1681 Nairne, an octogenarian who had no sons, was created by King Charles II Lord Nairne, in the peerage of Scotland, with a special remainder to his son-in-law. Thus, when Nairne died on 30 May 1683, Murray succeeded him in the peerage. He also inherited the Nairne estate in Perthshire and the family seat, the House of Nairne, which he rebuilt and greatly expanded from 1706 to the designs of Sir William Bruce following a fire in 1705.[3]

He took his seat in the Parliament of Scotland on 22 October 1690, but he never took the oath of allegiance to the new monarchs, William III and Mary II, who in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had unseated the last Stuart king, James II.[1]

The Old Pretender

Unlike his brother John, who had taken the side of William and Mary and was created Earl of Tullibardine by William in 1696 and Duke of Atholl by Queen Anne, Nairne's loyalties remained with King James and his heirs. At the time of the Jacobite rising of 1715, Nairne was one of the first to rally to the cause of the Old Pretender when John Erskine, Earl of Mar, proclaimed him King at Braemar on 6 September 1715, and Nairne fought through Mar's autumn campaign.[1] On 14 November 1715, after the disastrous Battle of Preston, Nairne was taken prisoner and was sent from there to the Tower of London.[1]

On 9 February 1716 Nairne was tried for treason, found guilty, attainted, and condemned to death. However, his execution was stayed and he lived to benefit from the Indemnity Act 1717, so in December of that year was released. On 24 June 1721 he was created Earl of Nairne in the Jacobite peerage and died on 3 February 1726. His widow survived him until 1747.[1]

Children and posterity

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Melville Henry Massue, Marquess of Ruvigny & Raineval, The Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Grants of Honour (Genealogical Publishing Co., 2003 edition), p. 126
  2. ^ James Wood, 'Derby, Charlotte, Countess of' in The Nuttall Encyclopædia (London & New York: Frederick Warne, 1907)
  3. ^ Scotland's Lost Gardens by Marilyn Brown ISBN 978-1-902419-947
  4. ^ John Burke, 'Drummond of Cadlands' in A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank (Henry Colburne, 1836), p. 560
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by Lord Nairne
1683–1716
Forfeit
restored in 1824 to William Murray Nairne