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{{short description|Austrian painter, graphic designer, and set designer}}
[[File:Alfred Roller Selfportrait.png|thumb|175px|Self-portrait (1921)]]
[[File:Alfred Roller - Plakat.jpeg|thumb|Alfred Roller (1902), poster for the 14th exhibition of the [[Viennese Secession]]]]
[[File:Alfred Roller - Plakat.jpeg|thumb|Alfred Roller (1902), poster for the 14th exhibition of the [[Viennese Secession]]]]
'''Alfred Roller''' (2 October 1864, [[Brünn]], [[Mähren]] — 21 June 1935, [[Vienna]]) was an [[Austria]]n [[Painting|painter]], [[graphic design]]er, and [[set design]]er.
'''Alfred Roller''' (2 October 1864 – 21 June 1935) was an Austrian painter, [[graphic design]]er, and [[set design]]er. His wife was [[Mileva Roller]] and they were members of the [[Viennese Secession]] movement.


== Life and work ==
== Life and work ==
Roller at first studied painting at the [[Academy of Fine Arts Vienna|Academy of Fine Arts]] in [[Vienna]] under [[Christian Griepenkerl]] and [[Eduard Peithner von Lichtenfels]], but eventually became disenchanted with the Academy's traditionalism. In 1897 he co-founded the [[Viennese Secession]] with [[Koloman Moser]], [[Joseph Maria Olbrich]], [[Josef Hoffmann]], [[Gustav Klimt]], and other artists who rejected the prevalent [[Academic art|academic style of art]]. He became a professor of drawing at the [[University of Applied Arts Vienna]] (''[[Kunstgewerbeschule]]'') in 1899, and president of the Secession in 1902.
Roller was born in [[Brno|Brünn]] (Brno), [[Margraviate of Moravia|Moravia]]. He at first studied painting at the [[Academy of Fine Arts Vienna|Academy of Fine Arts]] in Vienna under [[Christian Griepenkerl]] and [[Eduard Peithner von Lichtenfels]], but eventually became disenchanted with the Academy's traditionalism. In 1897 he co-founded the [[Viennese Secession]] with [[Koloman Moser]], [[Joseph Maria Olbrich]], [[Josef Hoffmann]], [[Gustav Klimt]], and other artists who rejected the prevalent [[Academic art|academic style of art]].<ref>{{ cite journal | journal = [[Ver Sacrum (magazine)|Ver Sacrum]] | title = Ordentliche Mitglieder |trans-title= Ordinary Members | year = 1898 | volume = 1 | page = 28 | url = http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/vs1898/0032 }}</ref> He became a professor of drawing at the [[University of Applied Arts Vienna]] (''[[Kunstgewerbeschule]]'') in 1899, and president of the Secession in 1902.


In his early career Roller was very active as a graphic designer and draughtsman. He designed numerous covers and [[Vignette (graphic design)|vignette]]s for the pages the Secessionist periodical ''[[Ver Sacrum (magazine)|Ver Sacrum]]'', as well as the posters for the fourth, fourteenth, and sixteenth Secession exhibitions. He also designed the layout of the exhibitions themselves.
In his early career, Roller was very active as a graphic designer and draughtsman. He designed numerous covers and [[Vignette (graphic design)|vignette]]s for the pages of the Secessionist periodical ''[[Ver Sacrum (magazine)|Ver Sacrum]]'', as well as the posters for the fourth, fourteenth, and sixteenth Secession exhibitions. He also designed the layout of the exhibitions themselves. Some of his work, particularly the lettering, influenced later psychedelic concert poster art.


In 1902 Roller was introduced to the composer [[Gustav Mahler]] by [[Carl Moll]]. Roller expressed an interest in stage design and showed Mahler several sketches he had made for [[Wagner]]'s [[Tristan und Isolde]]. Mahler was impressed and decided to employ Roller to design the sets for a new production of the piece. The production, which premiered in February 1903, was a great critical success. Roller continued to design sets for Mahler's productions. Eventually Roller left the Secession and his teaching post at the Kunstgewerbeschule to be appointed chief stage designer to the [[Vienna State Opera]], a position he held until 1909.
In 1902 Roller was introduced to the composer [[Gustav Mahler]] by [[Carl Moll]]. Roller expressed an interest in stage design and showed Mahler several sketches he had made for [[Wagner]]'s ''[[Tristan und Isolde]]''. Mahler was impressed and decided to employ Roller to design the sets for a new production of the piece. The production, which premiered in February 1903, was a great critical success. Roller continued to design sets for Mahler's productions. In 1906 he married the [[Viennese Secession]] painter [[Mileva Roller]] and they had two sons: Dietrich (1909–2001) became a doctor, while Ulrich (1911–1941) became a stage designer and died in Stolpovo near Kaluga (in the Soviet Union) shortly after Christmas 1941.<ref>[http://data.onb.ac.at/nlv_lex/perslex/R/Roller_Ulrich.htm Nachlassverzeichnis Ulrich Roller]</ref>
Eventually, Roller left the Secession and his teaching post at the Kunstgewerbeschule to be appointed chief stage designer to the [[Vienna State Opera]], a position he held until 1909. He died in Vienna in 1935.

Alfred Roller's brother-in-law was the World War I [[flying ace]] [[Raoul Stojsavljevic]] (1887–1930).<ref>{{cite web|title=ANNO, Salzburger Volksblatt: unabh. Tageszeitung f. Stadt u. Land Salzburg, 1929-02-14, Seite 8|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=svb&datum=19290214&query=%2522Raoul%2522+%2522Stoisavljevic%2522&ref=anno-search&seite=8|accessdate=2017-05-27|last=Österreichische Nationalbibliothek|language=de}}</ref><ref>http://issuu.com/innsbruckinformiert/docs/_innsbrucker_stadtnachrichten_199009_nr09_gesamt - Seite 35</ref>


== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
* {{ÖBL|9|224|226|Roller Alfred|W. Greisenegger - E. Lebensaft}}
* {{ÖBL|9|224|226|Roller Alfred|W. Greisenegger - E. Lebensaft}}
* {{cite journal|last=Greisenegger|first=Wolfgang|year=1989|title=Alfred Roller: Neubedeutung des szenischen Raumes|journal=Studia Musicologica Scientiarum Hungaricae|publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó|location=Budapest|volume=31|issue=1|pages=271–281|issn=1588-2888|jstor=902336|language=German}}
* {{cite journal|last=Greisenegger|first=Wolfgang|year=1989|title=Alfred Roller: Neubedeutung des szenischen Raumes|journal=Studia Musicologica Scientiarum Hungaricae|publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó|location=Budapest|volume=31|issue=1|pages=271–281|doi=10.2307/902336 |issn=1588-2888|jstor=902336|language=German}}
* {{NDB|22|13|15|Roller, Alfred|Ulrike Krone-Balcke|118791036}}
* {{NDB|22|13|15|Roller, Alfred|Ulrike Krone-Balcke|118791036}}
* Thursby, Stephen Carlton. [http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04102009-112848/ “Gustav Mahler, Alfred Roller, and the Wagnerian Gesamtkunstwerk: ''Tristan'' and Affinities between the Arts at the Vienna Court Opera.”] PhD diss., Florida State University, 2009.
* Thursby, Stephen Carlton. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120521223229/http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04102009-112848/ “Gustav Mahler, Alfred Roller, and the Wagnerian Gesamtkunstwerk: ''Tristan'' and Affinities between the Arts at the Vienna Court Opera.”] Ph.D. diss., Florida State University, 2009.
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Vergo
|last=Vergo
Line 31: Line 37:
|language=German
|language=German
|isbn=3-7017-0960-2}}
|isbn=3-7017-0960-2}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
Line 36: Line 45:
* [http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Alfred+Roller&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500043465 Entry for Alfred Roller] on the [[Union List of Artist Names]]
* [http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Alfred+Roller&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500043465 Entry for Alfred Roller] on the [[Union List of Artist Names]]
* {{DNB-Portal|118791036}}
* {{DNB-Portal|118791036}}
* [https://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/fasearch/findingAid.cfm?eadID=00150 W.H. Crain Costume and Scene Design Collection] at the [[Harry Ransom Center]]
{{Authority control|PND=118791036|LCCN=n/96/37438|VIAF=51790418}}

{{Vienna Secession}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Roller, Alfred
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Austrian artist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1864
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 1935
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Roller, Alfred}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Roller, Alfred}}
[[Category:Austrian painters]]
[[Category:19th-century Austrian painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Austrian painters]]
[[Category:19th-century Austrian male artists]]
[[Category:20th-century Austrian male artists]]
[[Category:Austrian male painters]]
[[Category:Members of the Vienna Secession]]
[[Category:Painters from Austria-Hungary]]
[[Category:World War I propaganda]]
[[Category:Moravian-German people]]
[[Category:Austrian people of Moravian-German descent]]
[[Category:People from the Margraviate of Moravia]]
[[Category:People from Brno]]
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1935 deaths]]
[[Category:1935 deaths]]

Latest revision as of 21:12, 28 December 2024

Self-portrait (1921)
Alfred Roller (1902), poster for the 14th exhibition of the Viennese Secession

Alfred Roller (2 October 1864 – 21 June 1935) was an Austrian painter, graphic designer, and set designer. His wife was Mileva Roller and they were members of the Viennese Secession movement.

Life and work

[edit]

Roller was born in Brünn (Brno), Moravia. He at first studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna under Christian Griepenkerl and Eduard Peithner von Lichtenfels, but eventually became disenchanted with the Academy's traditionalism. In 1897 he co-founded the Viennese Secession with Koloman Moser, Joseph Maria Olbrich, Josef Hoffmann, Gustav Klimt, and other artists who rejected the prevalent academic style of art.[1] He became a professor of drawing at the University of Applied Arts Vienna (Kunstgewerbeschule) in 1899, and president of the Secession in 1902.

In his early career, Roller was very active as a graphic designer and draughtsman. He designed numerous covers and vignettes for the pages of the Secessionist periodical Ver Sacrum, as well as the posters for the fourth, fourteenth, and sixteenth Secession exhibitions. He also designed the layout of the exhibitions themselves. Some of his work, particularly the lettering, influenced later psychedelic concert poster art.

In 1902 Roller was introduced to the composer Gustav Mahler by Carl Moll. Roller expressed an interest in stage design and showed Mahler several sketches he had made for Wagner's Tristan und Isolde. Mahler was impressed and decided to employ Roller to design the sets for a new production of the piece. The production, which premiered in February 1903, was a great critical success. Roller continued to design sets for Mahler's productions. In 1906 he married the Viennese Secession painter Mileva Roller and they had two sons: Dietrich (1909–2001) became a doctor, while Ulrich (1911–1941) became a stage designer and died in Stolpovo near Kaluga (in the Soviet Union) shortly after Christmas 1941.[2]

Eventually, Roller left the Secession and his teaching post at the Kunstgewerbeschule to be appointed chief stage designer to the Vienna State Opera, a position he held until 1909. He died in Vienna in 1935.

Alfred Roller's brother-in-law was the World War I flying ace Raoul Stojsavljevic (1887–1930).[3][4]

Further reading

[edit]
  • W. Greisenegger - E. Lebensaft: "Roller Alfred". In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Vol. 9, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4, p. 224–226. (Direct links to "p. 224", "p. 225", "p. 226")
  • Greisenegger, Wolfgang (1989). "Alfred Roller: Neubedeutung des szenischen Raumes". Studia Musicologica Scientiarum Hungaricae (in German). 31 (1). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó: 271–281. doi:10.2307/902336. ISSN 1588-2888. JSTOR 902336.
  • Ulrike Krone-Balcke (2005), "Roller, Alfred", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 22, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 13–15; (full text online)
  • Thursby, Stephen Carlton. “Gustav Mahler, Alfred Roller, and the Wagnerian Gesamtkunstwerk: Tristan and Affinities between the Arts at the Vienna Court Opera.” Ph.D. diss., Florida State University, 2009.
  • Vergo, Peter (1975). Art in Vienna 1898-1918: Klimt, Kokoschka, Schiele, and their Contemporaries. London: Phaidon. ISBN 0-7148-1600-0.
  • Wagner, Manfred (1996). Alfred Roller in seiner Zeit (in German). Salzburg and Vienna: Residenz. ISBN 3-7017-0960-2.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Ordentliche Mitglieder" [Ordinary Members]. Ver Sacrum. 1: 28. 1898.
  2. ^ Nachlassverzeichnis Ulrich Roller
  3. ^ Österreichische Nationalbibliothek. "ANNO, Salzburger Volksblatt: unabh. Tageszeitung f. Stadt u. Land Salzburg, 1929-02-14, Seite 8" (in German). Retrieved 2017-05-27.
  4. ^ http://issuu.com/innsbruckinformiert/docs/_innsbrucker_stadtnachrichten_199009_nr09_gesamt - Seite 35
[edit]
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