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{{Short description|1917 battle between Italy and Austro-Hungary}}
{{Short description|1917 battle between Italy and Austro-Hungary}}
{{About|a WWI battle|the Napoleonic battle|Battle of Piave River (1809)|the 2nd WWI battle|Second Battle of the Piave River}}
{{for|the Napoleonic battle|Battle of Piave River (1809)}}
{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = First Battle of the Piave River
| conflict = First Battle of the Piave River
| partof = [[Italian Campaign (World War I)|The Italian Front of the]] [[First World War]]
| partof = [[Italian front (World War I)|Italian front]] of the [[First World War]]
| image = File:WWI - Battle of Caporetto - New Italian Line at the Piave River - trenches near Case Ruei.jpg
| image = File:WWI - Battle of Caporetto - New Italian Line at the Piave River - trenches near Case Ruei.jpg
| image_size = 300
| image_size = 300
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| territory =
| territory =
| result = Italian victory
| result = Italian victory
* Stopping of the German-Austrian advance after the [[Battle of Caporetto]]
| combatant1 = {{flag|Austria-Hungary}}<br>{{flag|German Empire}}
| combatant1 = {{flag|Austria-Hungary}}<br>{{flag|German Empire}}
| combatant2 = {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}
| combatant2 = {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}
| commander1 = {{flagicon|German Empire}} [[Otto von Below]]<br>{{flagicon|Austria-Hungary}} [[Archduke Eugen of Austria]]
| commander1 = {{flagicon|German Empire}} [[Otto von Below]]<br>{{flagicon|Austria-Hungary}} [[Archduke Eugen of Austria]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[Mario Nicolis di Robilant]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[Armando Diaz]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[Armando Diaz]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[Mario Nicolis di Robilant]]
| strength1 = {{flagicon|German Empire}} [[14th Army (German Empire)|14th Army]]<br>{{flagicon|Austria-Hungary}}[[11th Army (Austria-Hungary)|11th Army]]
| strength1 = {{flagicon|German Empire}} [[14th Army (German Empire)|14th Army]]<br>{{flagicon|Austria-Hungary}}[[11th Army (Austria-Hungary)|11th Army]]
| strength2 = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[4th Army (Italy)|4th Army]]
| strength2 = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[4th Army (Italy)|4th Army]]
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[[File:WWI - Battle of the Piave River - Monte Grappa area - Austrian trenches on the Asolone.jpg|thumb|right|360px|Austrian trenches on the Asolone flank of the Monte Grappa massif]]
[[File:WWI - Battle of the Piave River - Monte Grappa area - Austrian trenches on the Asolone.jpg|thumb|right|360px|Austrian trenches on the Asolone flank of the Monte Grappa massif]]


The '''First Battle of the Piave River''' ({{lang-it|Prima battaglia del Piave}}), was a battle fought during [[World War I]] between the armies of the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]] supported by the [[German Empire]] against the [[Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)|Kingdom of Italy]] along the [[Piave (river)|Piave]] river.
The '''First Battle of the Piave River''' ({{langx|it|Prima battaglia del Piave}}), was fought during [[World War I]] between the armies of the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]] supported by the [[German Empire]] against the [[Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)|Kingdom of Italy]] along the [[Piave (river)|Piave]] river.


The Italian Army was in all-out retreat after the [[Battle of Caporetto|Austro-Hungarian autumn offensive of 1917]]. The Italian Chief of the general staff, general [[Luigi Cadorna]], had ordered the construction of fortified defenses around the Monte Grappa summit in order to make the mountain range an impregnable fortress. When the Austro-Hungarian offensive routed the Italians, the new Italian chief of staff, [[Armando Diaz]], ordered the [[Fourth Army (Italy)|Fourth Army]] to stop their retreat and defend these positions between the [[Roncone]] and the Tomatico mountains, with the support of the [[Second Army (Italy)|Second Army]].
The Italian Army was in all-out retreat after the [[Battle of Caporetto|Austro-Hungarian autumn offensive of 1917]]. The Italian Chief of the general staff, general [[Luigi Cadorna]], had ordered the construction of fortified defenses around the Monte Grappa summit in order to make the mountain range an impregnable fortress. When the Austro-Hungarian offensive routed the Italians, the new Italian chief of staff, [[Armando Diaz]], ordered the [[Fourth Army (Italy)|Fourth Army]] to stop their retreat and defend these positions between the [[Roncone]] and the Tomatico mountains, with the support of the [[Second Army (Italy)|Second Army]].
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Thus the Italian front along the Piave river was stabilized and the Austro-Hungarians failed to enter the plains beyond and to take the city of [[Venice]].
Thus the Italian front along the Piave river was stabilized and the Austro-Hungarians failed to enter the plains beyond and to take the city of [[Venice]].

⚫
==See also==
⚫
*[[Monte Grappa]]
⚫
*[[Second Battle of the Piave River]]
⚫
*[[Battle of Vittorio Veneto]]


== References ==
== References ==
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* [http://www.montegrappa.org/english/storia_eng/story_home_eng.php Monte Grappa]
* [http://www.montegrappa.org/english/storia_eng/story_home_eng.php Monte Grappa]
*Cutolo, Francesco: ''Monte Grappa, Battle of'' , in: ''1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War'', ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2018-06-22. '''DOI''': 10.15463/ie1418.11278. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/monte_grappa_battle_of
*Cutolo, Francesco: ''Monte Grappa, Battle of'' , in: ''1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War'', ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2018-06-22. '''DOI''': 10.15463/ie1418.11278. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/monte_grappa_battle_of

⚫
==See also==
⚫
*[[Monte Grappa]]
⚫
*[[Second Battle of the Piave River|Second Battle of Monte Grappa]]
⚫
*[[Battle of Vittorio Veneto|Third Battle of Monte Grappa]]


{{World War I}}
{{World War I}}

Latest revision as of 07:48, 29 December 2024

For the Napoleonic battle, see Battle of Piave River (1809).
First Battle of the Piave River
Part of Italian front of the First World War

Italian troops on the new Piave front
Date13–26 November 1917
Location
Piave
Result

Italian victory

Belligerents
 Austria-Hungary
 German Empire		  Kingdom of Italy
Commanders and leaders
German Empire Otto von Below
Austria-Hungary Archduke Eugen of Austria		 Kingdom of Italy Armando Diaz
Kingdom of Italy Mario Nicolis di Robilant
Strength
German Empire 14th Army
Austria-Hungary11th Army		 Kingdom of Italy 4th Army
Casualties and losses
~21,000 ~12,000
Austrian trenches on the Asolone flank of the Monte Grappa massif

The First Battle of the Piave River (Italian: Prima battaglia del Piave), was fought during World War I between the armies of the Austro-Hungarian Empire supported by the German Empire against the Kingdom of Italy along the Piave river.

The Italian Army was in all-out retreat after the Austro-Hungarian autumn offensive of 1917. The Italian Chief of the general staff, general Luigi Cadorna, had ordered the construction of fortified defenses around the Monte Grappa summit in order to make the mountain range an impregnable fortress. When the Austro-Hungarian offensive routed the Italians, the new Italian chief of staff, Armando Diaz, ordered the Fourth Army to stop their retreat and defend these positions between the Roncone and the Tomatico mountains, with the support of the Second Army.

The Austro-Hungarians, despite help from the German Army's Alpenkorps and numerical superiority, failed to take the mountain's summit during the first battle of Monte Grappa, which lasted from November 11, 1917, to December 23, 1917. Armando Diaz allowed his local commanders much more freedom of manoeuvre than his predecessor, which resulted in a more elastic and effective Italian defense.

Thus the Italian front along the Piave river was stabilized and the Austro-Hungarians failed to enter the plains beyond and to take the city of Venice.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Silvestri, Mario. (2006). Caporetto, una battaglia e un enigma. Bur, Bergamo. ISBN 88-17-10711-5.
  • Monte Grappa
  • Cutolo, Francesco: Monte Grappa, Battle of , in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2018-06-22. DOI: 10.15463/ie1418.11278. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/monte_grappa_battle_of

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