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{{Short description|American jazz musician}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
| honorific_prefix =
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Harold Land
| name = Harold Land
| honorific_suffix =
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Harold Land.jpg
| image = Harold Land.jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->
| landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Harold Land at Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society, Half Moon Bay CA 1982. photo: Brian McMillen
| caption = Harold Land at [[Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society]], Half Moon Bay CA 1982
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| native_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| alias =
| alias =
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1928|12|18}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1928|12|18}}
| birth_place = [[Houston, Texas]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Houston]], [[Texas]], U.S.
| origin =
| origin =
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2001|7|27|1928|12|18}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2001|7|27|1928|12|18}}
| death_place = [[Los Angeles]], U.S.
| death_place = [[Los Angeles]], U.S.
| genre = [[Jazz]], [[Hard Bop]], [[Post-Bop]]
| genre = [[Jazz]], [[Hard Bop]], [[Post-Bop]]
| occupation =
| occupation =
| instrument = [[Tenor Saxophone]]
| instrument = [[Tenor Saxophone]]
| years_active = 1954-2001
| years_active = 1954-2001
| label =
| label =
| associated_acts =
| associated_acts =
| website = <!-- {{URL|www.examplewebsite.com}} {{URL|www.examplewebsite.com|ExampleWebsite.com}} or if URL on Wikidata: {{Official website}} -->
| website = <!-- {{URL|www.examplewebsite.com}} {{URL|www.examplewebsite.com|ExampleWebsite.com}} or if URL on Wikidata: {{Official website}} -->
| notable_instruments = [[King Musical Instruments|King Super 20]]
| module =
| module2 =
| module3 =
}}
}}

'''Harold de Vance Land''' (December 18, 1928 &ndash; July 27, 2001)<ref name="Dead"/> was an American [[hard bop]] and [[post-bop]] tenor saxophonist. Land developed his hard bop playing with the [[Max Roach]]/[[Clifford Brown]] band into a personal, modern style; often rivalling Clifford Brown's instrumental ability with his own inventive and whimsical solos. His tone was strong and emotional, yet hinted at a certain introspective fragility.<ref name=ALLMUSIC>[{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p6937/biography|pure_url=yes}} Allmusic Biography]</ref>
'''Harold de Vance Land''' (December 18, 1928 – July 27, 2001)<ref name="Dead"/> was an American [[hard bop]] and [[post-bop]] [[tenor saxophonist]]. Land developed his hard bop playing with the [[Max Roach]]/[[Clifford Brown]] band into a personal, modern style, often rivalling Clifford Brown's instrumental ability with his own inventive and whimsical solos. His tone was strong and emotional, yet hinted at a certain introspective fragility.<ref name=ALLMUSIC>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/harold-land-mn0000665944/biography|title=Harold Land &#124; Biography & History|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=July 29, 2021}}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
Land was born in [[Houston]] and grew up in [[San Diego]]. He started playing at the age of 16. He made his first recording as the leader of the Harold Land All-Stars, for [[Savoy Records]] in 1949. In 1954 he joined the [[Clifford Brown]]/[[Max Roach]] Quintet, with whom he was at the forefront of the hard-bop/bebop movement.<ref name="latimes.com">[http://articles.latimes.com/1994-10-11/entertainment/ca-49056_1_harold-land-jr latimes.com] - accessed July 2017</ref> Because of family problems he moved to Los Angeles in 1955. There he played with [[Curtis Counce]], led his own groups, and co-led groups with [[Bobby Hutcherson]], [[Blue Mitchell]], and [[Red Mitchell]]. From the 1970s onwards his style showed the influence of [[John Coltrane]].
Land was born in [[Houston]], [[Texas]], United States and grew up in [[San Diego]], [[California]].<ref name="LarkinJazz">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Jazz]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1992|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-580-8|page=251/2}}</ref> He started playing at the age of 16. He made his first recording as the leader of the Harold Land All-Stars, for [[Savoy Records]] in 1949. In 1954, he joined the [[Clifford Brown]]/[[Max Roach]] Quintet, with whom he was at the forefront of the hard-bop/bebop movement.<ref name="latimes.com">{{Cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-10-11-ca-49056-story.html |title=Jazz Takes Root in Another Land : Harold Jr. Continues the Legacy of His Famous Sax-Playing Father - latimes |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=11 October 1994 |access-date=2017-07-29 |archive-date=2015-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017053909/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-10-11/entertainment/ca-49056_1_harold-land-jr |url-status=live }}</ref> The Land family moved from San Diego to [[Los Angeles]], in 1955. There he played with [[Curtis Counce]], led his own groups, and co-led groups with [[Bobby Hutcherson]], [[Blue Mitchell]], and [[Red Mitchell]].<ref name="LarkinJazz"/> From the 1970s onwards, his style showed the influence of [[John Coltrane]].


In the early 1980s through to the early 1990s he worked regularly with the Timeless All Stars, a group sponsored by the [[Timeless Records|Timeless]] jazz record label. The group consisted of Land on tenor, [[Cedar Walton]] on piano, [[Buster Williams]] on bass, [[Billy Higgins]] on drums, [[Curtis Fuller]] on trombone and [[Bobby Hutcherson]] on vibes. Land also toured with his own band during this time, often including his son, Harold Land Jr., on piano and usually featuring Bobby Hutcherson and Billy Higgins as well. During these years he played regularly at Hop Singhs in Marina Del Rey in the L.A area and the [[Keystone Korner]] in San Francisco.<ref name="latimes.com"/>
In the early 1980s through to the early 1990s he worked regularly with the Timeless All Stars, a group sponsored by the [[Timeless Records|Timeless]] jazz record label. The group consisted of Land on tenor, [[Cedar Walton]] on piano, [[Buster Williams]] on bass, [[Billy Higgins]] on drums, [[Curtis Fuller]] on trombone and [[Bobby Hutcherson]] on vibes. Land also toured with his own band during this time, often including his son, Harold Land Jr., on piano and usually featuring Bobby Hutcherson and Billy Higgins as well. During these years he played regularly at Hop Singh's in Marina Del Rey in the L.A. area and the [[Keystone Korner]] in San Francisco.<ref name="latimes.com"/>


Land was a professor at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]]. He joined the [[UCLA]] Jazz Studies Program as a lecturer in 1996 to teach instrumental jazz combo. "Harold Land was one of the major contributors in the history of the jazz saxophone," said jazz guitarist [[Kenny Burrell]], founder and director of the UCLA Jazz Studies Program.
Land was a professor at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]]. He joined the [[UCLA]] Jazz Studies Program as a lecturer in 1996 to teach instrumental jazz combo. "Harold Land was one of the major contributors in the history of the jazz saxophone," said jazz guitarist [[Kenny Burrell]], founder and director of the UCLA Jazz Studies Program.


Land died in July 2001, from a stroke, at the age of 72.<ref name="Dead">[http://thedeadrockstarsclub.com/2001.html Thedeadrockstarsclub.com] - accessed September 2010</ref>
Land died in July 2001, from a stroke, at the age of 72.<ref name="Dead">{{Cite web|url=http://thedeadrockstarsclub.com/2001.html|title=The Dead Rock Stars Club 2001|website=Thedeadrockstarsclub.com|access-date=July 29, 2021}}</ref>


The [[progressive rock]] band [[Yes (Band)|Yes]] included a song "Harold Land" on their eponymous [[Yes (Yes album)|debut album]] in 1969. In a news/blog post on 20 September 2010, [[Bill Bruford]] commented about the song - "Harold Land was a hard-bop tenor saxophone player, dead now, but quite why we named a song after him I can’t remember."<ref>[http://www.billbruford.com/news/archive.php Bill Bruford's official website] Retrieved 11 May 2013.</ref>
The [[progressive rock]] band [[Yes (Band)|Yes]] included a song "Harold Land" on their eponymous [[Yes (Yes album)|debut album]] in 1969. In a news/blog post on 20 September 2010, [[Bill Bruford]] commented about the song - "Harold Land was a hard-bop tenor saxophone player, dead now, but quite why we named a song after him I can't remember."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.billbruford.com/news/archive.php|title=Bill Bruford|date=4 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704144221/http://www.billbruford.com/news/archive.php|access-date=July 29, 2021|archive-date=2017-07-04}}</ref>


==Playing Style==
==Playing style==
Land had an inimitably dark tone within the hard-bop and [[modal jazz]] paradigms. Over time this would contrast more and more with the brighter tonalities of more Coltrane-influenced saxophonists, although Land started to implement Coltrane's musical innovations. Land's "dire, brooding [tenor saxophone] sound began somewhere between [[rhythm and blues]] and [[Coleman Hawkins]], and after the early 1960s owed more and more to John Coltrane's harmonies, phrasing and experiments with modalism."<ref name="Sound">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/30/arts/harold-land-73-saxophonist-who-made-a-splash-in-the-bop-era.html|title=Harold Land, 73, Saxophonist Who Made a Splash in the Bop Era|first=Ben|last=Ratliff|date=July 30, 2001|access-date=July 29, 2021|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

Land had an inimitably dark tone within the hard-bop and modal jazz paradigms. Over time this would contrast more and more with the brighter tonalities of more Coltrane-influenced saxophonists, although Land started to implement Coltrane's musical innovations. Land's "dire, brooding [tenor saxophone] sound began somewhere between rhythm and blues and Coleman Hawkins, and after the early 1960's owed more and more to John Coltrane's harmonies, phrasing and experiments with modalism."<ref name="Sound">[https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/30/arts/harold-land-73-saxophonist-who-made-a-splash-in-the-bop-era.html nytimes.com] - accessed July 2017</ref>


==Discography==
==Discography==
=== As leader/co-leader ===
* 1958: ''[[Harold in the Land of Jazz]]'' ([[Contemporary Records|Contemporary]], 1958)
* 1958: The Harold Land Quartet, ''Jazz At The Cellar 1958'' (Lone Hill Jazz, 2007)<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Harold Land Quartet – Live At The Cellar 1958|url=https://www.discogs.com/release/7518688-The-Harold-Land-Quartet-Jazz-At-The-Cellar-1958|access-date=2023-04-18|website=Discogs}}</ref>
* 1959: ''[[The Fox (Harold Land album)|The Fox]]'' (HiFi Jazz, 1960)
* 1960: ''[[West Coast Blues!]]'' ([[Jazzland Recordings|Jazzland]], 1960)
* 1960: ''[[Eastward Ho! Harold Land in New York]]'' (Jazzland, 1960)
* 1960: ''[[Take Aim (Harold Land album)|Take Aim]]'' ([[Blue Note Records|Blue Note]], 1960)
* 1961: The [[Red Mitchell]]-Harold Land Quintet, ''[[Hear Ye!]]'' ([[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], 1962)
* 1963: ''[[Jazz Impressions of Folk Music]]'' ([[Imperial Records|Imperial]], 1963)
* 1967–68: ''[[The Peace-Maker]]'' ([[Cadet Records|Cadet]], 1968)
* 1971: ''[[A New Shade of Blue]]'' ([[Mainstream Records|Mainstream]], 1971)
* 1971: ''[[Choma (Burn)]]'' (Mainstream, 1971)
* 1972: ''[[Damisi]]'' (Mainstream, 1972)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Damisi, by Harold Land|url=https://haroldland1.bandcamp.com/album/damisi|access-date=2021-03-13|website=Harold Land}}</ref>
* 1977: ''[[Mapenzi]]'' with Blue Mitchell ([[Concord Jazz]], 1977)
* 1981: ''[[Xocia's Dance]]'' ([[Muse Records|Muse]], 1981)
* 1983: Makoto Terashita meets Harold Land ''Topology'' (Aketa, 1983; re-edition BBE Music, 2019)
* 1994: ''[[A Lazy Afternoon (Harold Land album)|A Lazy Afternoon]]'' ([[Postcards Records|Postcards]], 1995)
* 2000: ''[[Promised Land (Harold Land album)|Promised Land]]'' (Audiophoric, 2001)


===As leader===
=== As a member ===
'''The Timeless All Stars'''
* 1958: ''[[Harold in the Land of Jazz]]'' ([[Contemporary Records|Contemporary]])
* 1959: ''[[The Fox (Harold Land album)|The Fox]]'' (HiFi Jazz)
* ''[[It's Timeless]]'' (Timeless, 1982)
* 1960: ''[[West Coast Blues!]]'' (Jazzland)
* ''[[Timeless Heart]]'' (Timeless, 1983)
* ''[[Essence (Timeless All Stars album)|Essence]]'' (Delos, 1986)
* 1960: ''[[Eastward Ho! Harold Land in New York]]'' ([[Jazzland Recordings|Jazzland]])
* ''[[Time for the Timeless All Stars]]'' (Early Bird, 1990)
* 1960: ''Take Aim'' ([[Blue Note Records|Blue Note]]) - released 1980
* 1961: ''[[Hear Ye!]]'' ([[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]) as the [[Red Mitchell]]-Harold Land Quintet
* 1963: ''[[Jazz Impressions of Folk Music]]'' ([[Imperial Records|Imperial]])
* 1967: ''[[The Peace-Maker]]'' ([[Cadet Records|Cadet]])
* 1971: ''[[A New Shade of Blue]]'' ([[Mainstream Records|Mainstream]])
* 1971: ''[[Choma (Burn)]]'' (Mainstream)
* 1977: ''[[Damisi]]'' (Mainstream)
* 1977: ''[[Mapenzi]]'' with Blue Mitchell ([[Concord Jazz]])
* 1981: ''Xocia's Dance'' ([[Muse Records|Muse]])
* 1995: ''A Lazy Afternoon'' ([[Postcards Records|Postcards]])
* 2001: ''Promised Land'' (Audiophoric)


===As sideman===
=== As sideman ===
{{Col-begin}}
'''With [[Roy Ayers]]'''
{{col-2}}
*''[[Virgo Vibes]]'' (Atlantic, 1967)
'''With [[Clifford Brown]] and [[Max Roach]]'''
'''With [[Clifford Brown]] and [[Max Roach]]'''
*''[[Jam Session (album)|Jam Session]]'' (EmArcy, 1954) - with [[Maynard Ferguson]] and [[Clark Terry]]
*''[[Jam Session (album)|Jam Session]]'' (EmArcy, 1954) - with [[Maynard Ferguson]] and [[Clark Terry]]
*''[[Brown and Roach Incorporated]]'' (EmArcy, 1954)
*''[[Brown and Roach Incorporated]]'' (EmArcy, 1954)
*''[[Daahoud]]'' (Mainstream, 1954 [1973])
*''[[Daahoud]]'' (Mainstream, 1973) – rec. 1954
*''[[Clifford Brown & Max Roach]]'' (EmArcy, 1954–55)
*''[[Clifford Brown & Max Roach]]'' (EmArcy, 1954)
*''[[Study in Brown]]'' (EmArcy, 1955)
*''[[Study in Brown]]'' (EmArcy, 1955)

'''With [[Dolo Coker]]'''
*''[[Dolo!]]'' (Xanadu, 1976)
'''With [[Curtis Counce]]'''
'''With [[Curtis Counce]]'''
*''[[The Curtis Counce Group]]'' (Contemporary, 1956)
*''[[The Curtis Counce Group]]'' (Contemporary, 1956)
*''[[You Get More Bounce with Curtis Counce!]]'' (Contemporary, 1957)
*''[[You Get More Bounce with Curtis Counce!]]'' (Contemporary, 1957)
*''[[Carl's Blues]]'' (Contemporary, 1957 [1960])
*''[[Carl's Blues]]'' (Contemporary, 1960) – rec. 1957
*''[[Exploring the Future]]'' ([[Dooto Records|Dooto]], 1958)
*''[[Sonority (album)|Sonority]]'' (Contemporary, 1957-8 [1989])
*''[[Sonority (album)|Sonority]]'' (Contemporary, 1989) – rec. 1957-58
*''Exploring the Future'' ([[Dooto Records|Dooto]], 1958)

'''With [[Bill Evans]]'''
*''[[Quintessence (Bill Evans album)|Quintessence]]'' (Fantasy Records, 1976)
'''With [[Victor Feldman]]'''
'''With [[Victor Feldman]]'''
*''[[Vic Feldman on Vibes]]'' (Mode, 1957)
*''[[Vic Feldman on Vibes]]'' (Mode, 1957)
*''[[Soviet Jazz Themes]]'' (Äva, 1962)
*''[[Soviet Jazz Themes]]'' (Äva, 1962)

'''With [[Ella Fitzgerald]]'''
*''[[Things Ain't What They Used to Be (And You Better Believe It)]]'' (1969)
'''With [[Chico Hamilton]]'''
*''[[Chic Chic Chico]]'' (Impulse!, 1965)
'''With [[Hampton Hawes]]'''
'''With [[Hampton Hawes]]'''
*''[[For Real! (Hampton Hawes album)|For Real!]]'' (Contemporary, 1958 [1961])
*''[[For Real! (Hampton Hawes album)|For Real!]]'' (Contemporary, 1961) – rec. 1958
*''[[Universe (Hampton Hawes album)|Universe]]'' (Prestige, 1972)
*''[[Universe (Hampton Hawes album)|Universe]]'' (Prestige, 1972)

'''With [[Billy Higgins]]'''
'''With [[Billy Higgins]]'''
*''[[Bridgework (album)|Bridgework]]'' (Contemporary, 1987)
*''[[Bridgework (album)|Bridgework]]'' (Contemporary, 1987)
*''[[¾ for Peace]]'' (Red, 1993)
*''[[¾ for Peace]]'' (Red, 1993)
*''[[Billy Higgins Quintet]]'' (Sweet Basil, 1993)
*''[[Billy Higgins Quintet]]'' (Sweet Basil, 1993)

'''With [[Elmo Hope]]'''
*''[[Trio and Quintet|The Elmo Hope Quintet featuring Harold Land]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1957)
'''With [[Freddie Hubbard]]'''
*''[[Born to Be Blue (Freddie Hubbard album)|Born to Be Blue]]'' (Pablo, 1982)
'''With [[Bobby Hutcherson]]'''
'''With [[Bobby Hutcherson]]'''
*''[[Medina (album)|Medina]]'' (Blue Note, 1969)
*''[[Medina (album)|Medina]]'' (Blue Note, 1969)
Line 112: Line 110:
*''[[Cirrus (album)|Cirrus]]'' (Blue Note, 1974)
*''[[Cirrus (album)|Cirrus]]'' (Blue Note, 1974)
*''[[Inner Glow]]'' (Blue Note, 1975)
*''[[Inner Glow]]'' (Blue Note, 1975)
*''[[Farewell Keystone]]'' (Theresa, 1982 [1988])
*''[[Farewell Keystone]]'' (Theresa, 1988) – rec. 1982

'''With [[Carmell Jones]]'''
'''With [[Carmell Jones]]'''
*''[[The Remarkable Carmell Jones]]'' (Pacific Jazz 1961)
*''The Remarkable Carmell Jones'' (Pacific Jazz 1961)
*''[[Business Meeting]]'' (Pacific Jazz 1962)
*''Business Meeting'' (Pacific Jazz 1962)

'''With [[Les McCann]]'''
'''With [[Philly Joe Jones]]'''
*''[[Les McCann Sings]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1961)
*''[[Advance!]]'' (Galaxy, 1978)
'''[[With Thelonious Monk]]'''
*''[[Drum Song]]'' (Galaxy, 1985) – rec. 1978
*''[[At The Blackhawk with Charlie Rouse, Joe Gordon]]'' (Riverside 1960)

'''[[With Wes Montgomery]]'''
'''With [[Wes Montgomery]]'''
*''[[Montgomeryland]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1958)
*''[[Wes, Buddy and Monk Montgomery]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1959)
*''Montgomeryland'' (Pacific Jazz, 1958)
*''Wes, Buddy and Monk Montgomery'' (Pacific Jazz, 1959)
*''Easy Groove'' (Pacific Jazz, 1966)

'''With [[Blue Mitchell]]'''
'''With [[Blue Mitchell]]'''
*''[[Stratosonic Nuances]]'' (RCA, 1975)
* ''[[Stratosonic Nuances]]'' (RCA, 1975)
*''[[African Violet (album)|African Violet]]'' (Impulse!, 1977)
* ''[[African Violet (album)|African Violet]]'' (Impulse!, 1977)
*''[[Summer Soft]]'' (Impulse!, 1978)
* ''[[Mapenzi]]'' (Concord, 1977)
'''With [[Donald Byrd]]'''
* ''[[Summer Soft]]'' (Impulse!, 1978)

*''[[Ethiopian Knights]]'' (Blue Note, 1971)
'''With [[Hampton Hawes]]'''
*''For Real!'' (Contemporary, 1958)
'''With Timeless All Stars''' (Cedar Walton, Curtis Fuller, Bobby Hutcherson, Buster Williams, Billy Higgins)
*''It's Timeless'' ([[Timeless Records|Timeless]], 1982)
*''Timeless Heart'' (Timeless, 1983)
*''Essence: The Timeless All Stars'' ([[Delos International|Delos]], 1986)
*''Time For the Timeless All Stars'' ([[Early Bird Records]], 1991)
'''With [[Shorty Rogers]]'''
'''With [[Shorty Rogers]]'''
*''[[An Invisible Orchard]]'' (RCA Victor, 1961 [1997])
* ''[[The Swingin' Nutcracker]]'' (RCA Victor, 1960)
* ''[[An Invisible Orchard]]'' (RCA Victor, 1997) – rec. 1961

'''With [[Gerald Wilson]]'''
'''With [[Gerald Wilson]]'''
*''[[You Better Believe It!]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1961)
* ''[[You Better Believe It!]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1961)
*''[[Moment of Truth (Gerald Wilson album)|Moment of Truth]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1962)
* ''[[Moment of Truth (Gerald Wilson album)|Moment of Truth]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1962)
*''[[Portraits (Gerald Wilson album)|Portraits]] (Pacific Jazz, 1964)
* ''[[Portraits (Gerald Wilson album)|Portraits]] (Pacific Jazz, 1964)
*''[[On Stage (Gerald Wilson album)|On Stage]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1965)
* ''[[On Stage (Gerald Wilson album)|On Stage]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1965)
*''[[Feelin' Kinda Blues]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1965)
* ''[[Feelin' Kinda Blues]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1965)
*''[[The Golden Sword (album)|The Golden Sword]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1966)
* ''[[The Golden Sword (album)|The Golden Sword]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1966)
*''[[Live and Swinging]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1967)
* ''[[Live and Swinging]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1967)
*''[[Everywhere (Gerald Wilson album)|Everywhere]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1968)
* ''[[Everywhere (Gerald Wilson album)|Everywhere]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1968)
*''[[California Soul (album)|California Soul]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1968)
* ''[[California Soul (album)|California Soul]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1968)
*''[[Eternal Equinox]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1969)
* ''[[Eternal Equinox]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1969)
* ''[[Lomelin]]'' (Discovery, 1981)
* ''[[Lomelin]]'' (Discovery, 1981)
*''[[Jessica (Gerald Wilson album)|Jessica]]'' (Trend, 1982)
* ''[[Jessica (Gerald Wilson album)|Jessica]]'' (Trend, 1982)
*''[[Calafia (album)|Calafia]]'' (Trend, 1985)
* ''[[Calafia (album)|Calafia]]'' (Trend, 1985)
{{col-2}}
'''With [[Jimmy Woods]]'''
'''With others'''
*''[[Conflict (Jimmy Woods album)|Conflict]]'' (Contemporary, 1963)
* [[Roy Ayers]], ''[[Virgo Vibes]]'' (Atlantic, 1967)
* [[Jimmy Bond (musician)|Jimmy Bond]], ''James Bond Songbook'' (Mirwood, 1966)
* [[Donald Byrd]], ''[[Ethiopian Knights]]'' (Blue Note, 1971)
* [[Dolo Coker]], ''[[Dolo!]]'' (Xanadu, 1976)
* [[Bill Evans]], ''[[Quintessence (Bill Evans album)|Quintessence]]'' (Fantasy Records, 1976)
* [[Ella Fitzgerald]], ''[[Things Ain't What They Used to Be (And You Better Believe It)]]'' (1969)
* [[Red Garland]]. ''[[Red Alert (Red Garland album)|Red Alert]]'' (Galaxy, 1977)
* [[Herb Geller]], ''Fire in the West'' (Jubilee, 1957)
* [[Chico Hamilton]], ''[[Chic Chic Chico]]'' (Impulse!, 1965)
* [[Al Hibbler]], ''Sings The Blues - Monday Every Day'' (Reprise, 1961)
* [[Elmo Hope]], ''[[Trio and Quintet|The Elmo Hope Quintet featuring Harold Land]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1957)
* [[Freddie Hubbard]], ''[[Born to Be Blue (Freddie Hubbard album)|Born to Be Blue]]'' (Pablo, 1982)
* [[Les McCann]], ''[[Les McCann Sings]]'' (Pacific Jazz, 1961)
* [[Thelonious Monk]], ''[[Thelonious Monk at the Blackhawk]]'' (Riverside 1960)
* [[Frank Rosolino]], ''[[Free for All (Frank Rosolino album)|Free for All]]'' (Fantasy, 1987) – rec. 1958
* [[Jack Sheldon]], ''[[Jack's Groove]]'' (GNP, 1961)
* [[Dinah Washington]], ''[[Dinah Jams]]'' (EmArcy, 1955)
* [[Gerald Wiggins]], ''Wiggin' Out'' (HiFi Jazz, 1960)
* [[Jimmy Woods]], ''[[Conflict (Jimmy Woods album)|Conflict]]'' (Contemporary, 1963)
* [[Jimmy Rowles Sextet]], ''[[Let's Get Acquainted With Jazz (For People Who Hate Jazz)]]'' (Tampa Records, 1957)
{{col-end}}


==References==
==References==
Line 159: Line 177:


== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://www.music-city.org/Harold-Land/discography/ Harold Land discography]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183335/http://www.music-city.org/Harold-Land/discography/ Harold Land discography]
* [https://www.bobrosenbaum.com/transcripts/haroldland1a.pdf An Interview with Harold Land] by Bob Rosenbaum, October 1984
* {{Find a Grave|5860978}}


{{Harold Land|state=autocollapse}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:American jazz saxophonists]]
[[Category:American jazz saxophonists]]
[[Category:American male saxophonists]]
[[Category:Atlantic Records artists]]
[[Category:Atlantic Records artists]]
[[Category:Contemporary Records artists]]
[[Category:Contemporary Records artists]]
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[[Category:Mainstream Records artists]]
[[Category:Mainstream Records artists]]
[[Category:Muse Records artists]]
[[Category:Muse Records artists]]
[[Category:Musicians from Houston]]
[[Category:Musicians from San Diego]]
[[Category:Musicians from San Diego]]
[[Category:Postcards Records artists]]
[[Category:Postcards Records artists]]
[[Category:20th-century American musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century American saxophonists]]
[[Category:20th-century saxophonists]]
[[Category:Bebop saxophonists]]
[[Category:Jazz musicians from Houston]]
[[Category:Jazz musicians from California]]
[[Category:Jazz musicians from Texas]]
[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:American jazz tenor saxophonists]]
[[Category:American male jazz musicians]]

Latest revision as of 18:08, 29 December 2024

Harold Land
Harold Land at Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society, Half Moon Bay CA 1982
Background information
Born(1928-12-18)December 18, 1928
Houston, Texas, U.S.
DiedJuly 27, 2001(2001-07-27) (aged 72)
Los Angeles, U.S.
GenresJazz, Hard Bop, Post-Bop
InstrumentTenor Saxophone
Years active1954-2001

Harold de Vance Land (December 18, 1928 – July 27, 2001)[1] was an American hard bop and post-bop tenor saxophonist. Land developed his hard bop playing with the Max Roach/Clifford Brown band into a personal, modern style, often rivalling Clifford Brown's instrumental ability with his own inventive and whimsical solos. His tone was strong and emotional, yet hinted at a certain introspective fragility.[2]

Biography

[edit]

Land was born in Houston, Texas, United States and grew up in San Diego, California.[3] He started playing at the age of 16. He made his first recording as the leader of the Harold Land All-Stars, for Savoy Records in 1949. In 1954, he joined the Clifford Brown/Max Roach Quintet, with whom he was at the forefront of the hard-bop/bebop movement.[4] The Land family moved from San Diego to Los Angeles, in 1955. There he played with Curtis Counce, led his own groups, and co-led groups with Bobby Hutcherson, Blue Mitchell, and Red Mitchell.[3] From the 1970s onwards, his style showed the influence of John Coltrane.

In the early 1980s through to the early 1990s he worked regularly with the Timeless All Stars, a group sponsored by the Timeless jazz record label. The group consisted of Land on tenor, Cedar Walton on piano, Buster Williams on bass, Billy Higgins on drums, Curtis Fuller on trombone and Bobby Hutcherson on vibes. Land also toured with his own band during this time, often including his son, Harold Land Jr., on piano and usually featuring Bobby Hutcherson and Billy Higgins as well. During these years he played regularly at Hop Singh's in Marina Del Rey in the L.A. area and the Keystone Korner in San Francisco.[4]

Land was a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. He joined the UCLA Jazz Studies Program as a lecturer in 1996 to teach instrumental jazz combo. "Harold Land was one of the major contributors in the history of the jazz saxophone," said jazz guitarist Kenny Burrell, founder and director of the UCLA Jazz Studies Program.

Land died in July 2001, from a stroke, at the age of 72.[1]

The progressive rock band Yes included a song "Harold Land" on their eponymous debut album in 1969. In a news/blog post on 20 September 2010, Bill Bruford commented about the song - "Harold Land was a hard-bop tenor saxophone player, dead now, but quite why we named a song after him I can't remember."[5]

Playing style

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Land had an inimitably dark tone within the hard-bop and modal jazz paradigms. Over time this would contrast more and more with the brighter tonalities of more Coltrane-influenced saxophonists, although Land started to implement Coltrane's musical innovations. Land's "dire, brooding [tenor saxophone] sound began somewhere between rhythm and blues and Coleman Hawkins, and after the early 1960s owed more and more to John Coltrane's harmonies, phrasing and experiments with modalism."[6]

Discography

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As leader/co-leader

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As a member

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The Timeless All Stars

As sideman

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References

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  1. ^ a b "The Dead Rock Stars Club 2001". Thedeadrockstarsclub.com. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  2. ^ "Harold Land | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  3. ^ a b Colin Larkin, ed. (1992). The Guinness Who's Who of Jazz (First ed.). Guinness Publishing. p. 251/2. ISBN 0-85112-580-8.
  4. ^ a b "Jazz Takes Root in Another Land : Harold Jr. Continues the Legacy of His Famous Sax-Playing Father - latimes". Los Angeles Times. 11 October 1994. Archived from the original on 2015-10-17. Retrieved 2017-07-29.
  5. ^ "Bill Bruford". 4 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2017-07-04. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  6. ^ Ratliff, Ben (July 30, 2001). "Harold Land, 73, Saxophonist Who Made a Splash in the Bop Era". The New York Times. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  7. ^ "The Harold Land Quartet – Live At The Cellar 1958". Discogs. Retrieved 2023-04-18.
  8. ^ "Damisi, by Harold Land". Harold Land. Retrieved 2021-03-13.
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