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{{Short description|French painter and sculptor (1861–1929)}}

{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| name = Antoine Bourdelle
| name = Antoine Bourdelle
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| birth_name = Antoine Bourdelle
| birth_name = Antoine Bourdelle
| birth_date = {{birth date|1861|10|30|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1861|10|30|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Montauban]], [[Tarn-et-Garonne]], France
| birth_place = [[Montauban]], France
| death_date = {{death date and age|1929|10|1|1861|10|30|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1929|10|1|1861|10|30|df=y}}
| death_place = Le Vésinet, France
| death_place = [[Le Vésinet]], France
| nationality = French
| parents =
| parents =
| field = Sculpture
| field = Sculpture
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}}
}}


'''Antoine Bourdelle''' (30 October 1861 – 1 October 1929), born '''Émile Antoine Bordelles''',<ref>[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/LH/LH023/PG/FRDAFAN83_OL0294036v009.htm Birth certificate of Émile Antoine Bordelles, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, Leonore]</ref> was an influential and prolific French [[sculpture|sculptor]] and teacher. He was a student of [[Auguste Rodin]], a teacher of [[Giacometti]] and [[Henri Matisse]], and an important figure in the [[Art Deco]] movement and the transition from the Beaux-Arts style to [[modern sculpture]].
'''Antoine Bourdelle''' ({{IPA|fr|ɑ̃twan buʁdɛl}}; 30 October 1861 – 1 October 1929), born '''Émile Antoine Bordelles''',<ref>[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/LH/LH023/PG/FRDAFAN83_OL0294036v009.htm Birth certificate of Émile Antoine Bordelles, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, Leonore]</ref> was an influential and prolific French [[sculpture|sculptor]] and teacher. He was a student of [[Auguste Rodin]], a teacher of [[Giacometti]] and [[Henri Matisse]], and an important figure in the [[Art Deco]] movement and the transition from the [[Beaux-Arts style]] to [[modern sculpture]].


His studio became the [[Musée Bourdelle]], an art museum dedicated to his work, located at 18, rue Antoine Bourdelle, in the [[15th arrondissement of Paris]], France.
His studio became the [[Musée Bourdelle]], an art museum dedicated to his work, located at 18, rue Antoine Bourdelle, in the [[15th arrondissement of Paris]], France.


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
Émile Antoine Bourdelle was born at [[Montauban]], [[Tarn-et-Garonne]] in France on 30 October 1861.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antoine-Bourdelle|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> His father was a wood craftsman and cabinet-maker. In 1874, at the age of thirteen, he left school to work in his father's workshop, and also began carving his first sculptures of wood.
Émile Antoine Bourdelle was born at [[Montauban]], [[Tarn-et-Garonne]] in France on 30 October 1861.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antoine-Bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> His father was a wood craftsman and cabinet-maker. In 1874, at the age of thirteen, he left school to work in his father's workshop, and also began carving his first sculptures of wood.


In 1876, with the assistance of writer [[Émile Pouvillon]], he received a scholarship to attend the School of Fine Arts in Toulouse, though he remained fiercely independent and resisted the formal program.<ref>Lemoine, Colin, ''Bourdelle'', Cercle d'Art, (2004), pg. 8</ref> In 1884, at the age of twenty-four, he earned second place in the competition to enter the [[École des Beaux-Arts]] in Paris. There he worked in the studio of [[Alexandre Falguière]] and frequented the studio of [[Jules Dalou]], who was his neighbor.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books/about/Rodin.html?id=J1ssfGqvdysC&redir_esc=y Ruth Butler, ''Rodin: The Shape of Genius''], Yale University Press, 1993, page 266, {{ISBN|978-0-300-06498-8}}</ref>
In 1876, with the assistance of writer [[Émile Pouvillon]], he received a scholarship to attend the School of Fine Arts in [[Toulouse]], though he remained fiercely independent and resisted the formal program.<ref>Lemoine, Colin, ''Bourdelle'', Cercle d'Art, (2004), pg. 8</ref> In 1884, at the age of twenty-four, he earned second place in the competition to enter the [[École des Beaux-Arts]] in Paris. There he worked in the studio of [[Alexandre Falguière]] and frequented the studio of [[Jules Dalou]], who was his neighbor.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=J1ssfGqvdysC Ruth Butler, ''Rodin: The Shape of Genius''], Yale University Press, 1993, page 266, {{ISBN|978-0-300-06498-8}}</ref>


== Career ==
== Career ==
{{Moresources|section|date=November 2022}}
In 1885 he participated in the annual Salon of artists and won an honorable mention for his work, ''The First Victory of Hannibal''. He rented a studio at 16 Impasse du Main, next to the painters [[Eugène Carrière]] and [[Jean-Paul Laurens]]. He worked in this studio until his death.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg. 8</ref>
In 1885 he participated in the annual Salon of artists and won an honorable mention for his work, ''The First Victory of Hannibal''. He rented a studio at 16 Impasse du Main, next to the painters [[Eugène Carrière]] and [[Jean-Paul Laurens]]. He worked in this studio until his death.<ref name="Lemoine 2004, pg. 8">Lemoine (2004), p. 8</ref>
[[File:6MA-B.jpg|thumb|''Leda and the Swan'', Musée d'Art classique de Mougins]]
⚫
In 1887, he quit the studio of Falguièr, and, moved by the music of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]], he made his first of what would eventually be some forty sculptures of the composer. In September 1893 Bourdelle joined the studio of [[Auguste Rodin]]. His collaboration with Rodin lasted fifteen years. In 1895, he received his first official commission, a war monument for the city of [[Montauban]]. His proposed plans, different from traditional monuments, created a scandal. Rodin intervened on his behalf, and the monument was finally erected in 1902.<ref name="Lemoine 2004, pg. 8"/>


⚫
In 1900, Bourdelle demonstrated his independence from Rodin's style with a bust of Apollo. In the same year, Bourdelle, Rodin and the sculptor Desbois opened a free school of sculpture, the Institut Rodin-Debois-Bourdelle. One of the students was [[Henri Matisse]], who later produced some remarkable sculpture, but the school did not last long.<ref name="Lemoine 2004, pg. 8"/>
⚫
In 1887, he quit the studio of Falguièr, and, moved by the music of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]], he made his first of what would eventually be some forty sculptures of the composer. In September 1893 Bourdelle joined the studio of [[Auguste Rodin]]. His collaboration with Rodin lasted fifteen years. In 1895, he received his first official commission, a war monument for the city of [[Montauban]]. His proposed plans, different from traditional monuments, created a scandal. Rodin intervened on his behalf, and the monument was finally erected in 1902.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg. 8</ref>

⚫
In 1900, Bourdelle demonstrated his independence from Rodin's style with a bust of Apollo. In the same year, Bourdelle, Rodin and the sculptor Desbois opened a free school of sculpture, the Institut Rodin-Debois-Bourdelle. One of the students was [[Henri Matisse]], who later produced some remarkable sculpture, but the school did not last long.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg. 8</ref>


[[File:Bourdelle et Grace Christie (1).jpg|thumb|right|200px|Bourdelle in his studio sketching Grace Christie]]
[[File:Bourdelle et Grace Christie (1).jpg|thumb|right|200px|Bourdelle in his studio sketching Grace Christie]]

In 1905, Bourdelle had his first personal exhibition, in the gallery of the foundry-owner Hébrand. With the support of Hébrand and the material assistance of his foundry, Bourdelle was able to make larger works and earn greater recognition. His father died in 1906, and Bourdelle changed his first name to simply Antoine, after his father. He married his second wife, Cléopatre Sevastos (1892-1972), who was of Greek origin. She and their daughter, Rhodia, became a frequent inspiration for his works.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg.</ref>
In 1905, Bourdelle had his first personal exhibition, in the gallery of the foundry-owner Hébrand. With the support of Hébrand and the material assistance of his foundry, Bourdelle was able to make larger works and earn greater recognition. His father died in 1906, and Bourdelle changed his first name to simply Antoine, after his father. He married his second wife, Cléopatre Sevastos (1892-1972), who was of Greek origin. She and their daughter, Rhodia, became a frequent inspiration for his works.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg.</ref>


In 1908 Bourdelle left the studio of Rodin and set out on his own. In 1909 he exhibited a new work, ''Hercules the Archer'' at the annual Salon of the Societé Nationale des Beaux-Arts. He began to teach at the [[Académie de la Grande Chaumière]], where his students included [[Giacometti]] and [[Adaline Kent]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012|title=Adaline Kent|url=http://rehistoricizing.org/adaline-kent/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Rehistoricizing The Time Around Abstract Expressionism in the San Francisco Bay Area (1950s–1960s)|language=en-US}}</ref>
In 1908, Bourdelle left the studio of Rodin and set out on his own. In 1909 he exhibited a new work, ''[[Hercules the Archer]]'' at the annual Salon of the Societé Nationale des Beaux-Arts. He began to teach at the [[Académie de la Grande Chaumière]], where his students included [[Giacometti]], [[Yitzhak Frenkel|Isaac Frenkel]] and [[Adaline Kent]].<ref name="Adaline Kent">{{Cite web|date=2012|title=Adaline Kent|url=http://rehistoricizing.org/adaline-kent/|access-date=12 June 2020|website=Rehistoricizing The Time Around Abstract Expressionism in the San Francisco Bay Area (1950s–1960s)|language=en-US}}</ref>

In 1913 the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] was inaugurated, with decoration on the facade and the interior atrium designed by Bourdelle. This work announced the debut of the [[Art Deco]] style, and was an important step towards modernism.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg. 8</ref> He was a participant in the 1913 [[Armory Show]] in New York, a founder and vice-president of the Parisian [[Salon des Tuileries]].


He remained in Paris during the First World War, working on a commission for an art patron from Argentina, Rodolfo Acorta, a monument to [[Carlos María de Alvear|General Alvear]], which was inaugurated in Buenos Aires in 1925. In 1929, his first major public sculpture in Paris, the monument to the Polish hero [[Mickiewicz]], was inaugurated on [[Place d'Alma]].
In 1913 the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] was inaugurated, with decoration on the facade and the interior atrium designed by Bourdelle. This work announced the debut of the [[Art Deco]] style, and was an important step towards modernism.<ref name="Lemoine 2004, pg. 8"/> He was a participant in the 1913 [[Armory Show]] in New York, a founder and vice-president of the Parisian [[Salon des Tuileries]]. He remained in Paris during the First World War, working on a commission for an art patron from Argentina, Rodolfo Acorta, a monument to [[Carlos María de Alvear|General Alvear]], which was inaugurated in Buenos Aires in 1925. In 1929, his first major public sculpture in Paris, the monument to the Polish poet [[Mickiewicz]], was inaugurated on Place d'Alma.{{Where|date=November 2022}}


== Death and legacy ==
== Death and legacy ==
[[File:Monument Mickievicz (Paris) b.jpg|thumb|upright|''Monument to [[Mickiewicz]]'', 1929, Jardin d'Erevan, [[8th arrondissement of Paris|8th arr., Paris]]]]
[[File:Monument Mickievicz (Paris) b.jpg|thumb|upright|''Monument to [[Mickiewicz]]'', 1929, Jardin d'Erevan, [[8th arrondissement of Paris|8th arr., Paris]]]]
Bourdelle, in poor health, died at [[Le Vésinet]], near Paris, on 1 October 1929 and was interred in the [[Cimetière du Montparnasse]], Paris, France.<ref>Lemoine (2004), pg. 8</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/espace-professionnels/professionals/researchers/rech-rec-art-home/notice-artiste.html?no_cache=1&nnumid=5041&retouroeuvre=%252Fen%252Fcollections%252Findex-of-works%252Fnotice.html%253Fno_cache%253D1%2526nnumid%253D25552|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Musée d'Orsay: Artists - biographical notes}}</ref>
Bourdelle, in poor health, died at [[Le Vésinet]], near Paris, on 1 October 1929 and was interred in the [[Cimetière du Montparnasse]], Paris, France.<ref name="Lemoine 2004, pg. 8"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/espace-professionnels/professionals/researchers/rech-rec-art-home/notice-artiste.html?no_cache=1&nnumid=5041&retouroeuvre=%252Fen%252Fcollections%252Findex-of-works%252Fnotice.html%253Fno_cache%253D1%2526nnumid%253D25552|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Musée d'Orsay: Artists - biographical notes}}</ref>


=== Museums ===
=== Museums ===
Today the [[Musée Bourdelle]] in Paris sits amidst brick houses at 18 rue Antoine Bourdelle, a small street between the [[Gare Montparnasse]] and the offices of the famous French newspaper ''[[Le Monde]]''. The [[museum]] consists of Bourdelle's house, studio, and garden where he worked from 1884 to 1929.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sabes-Dublanc|first=Sylvia|date=2018-11-14|title=Musée Bourdelle, Paris, France|url=https://www.afar.com/places/bourdelle-museum-balenciaga-paris|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=afar.com|publisher=AFAR media}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Musée Bourdelle, le plus bel atelier-jardin de Paris|url=https://www.pariszigzag.fr/paris-au-quotidien/musee-bourdelle|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Paris ZigZag|language=fr-FR}}</ref>
Today the [[Musée Bourdelle]] in Paris sits amidst brick houses at 18 rue Antoine Bourdelle, a small street between the [[Gare Montparnasse]] and the offices of the famous French newspaper ''[[Le Monde]]''. The [[museum]] consists of Bourdelle's house, studio, and garden where he worked from 1884 to 1929.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sabes-Dublanc|first=Sylvia|date=2018-11-14|title=Musée Bourdelle, Paris, France|url=https://www.afar.com/places/bourdelle-museum-balenciaga-paris|access-date=2020-06-12|website=afar.com|publisher=AFAR media}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Musée Bourdelle, le plus bel atelier-jardin de Paris|url=https://www.pariszigzag.fr/paris-au-quotidien/musee-bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Paris ZigZag|language=fr-FR}}</ref>


In the 1930s his widow opened his art studio for viewings.<ref name=":1" /> In 1949, the atelier of Bourdelle was donated by his former spouse Cléopâtre and his daughter to the city of Paris and it was opened as the [[Musée Bourdelle]], additionally the street was renamed as rue Antoine Bourdelle.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2014-02-12|title=Small Wonders: Amélie Simier introduces the Musée Bourdelle in Paris|url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/musee-bourdelle/|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Apollo Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref>
In the 1930s his widow opened his art studio for viewings.<ref name=":1" /> In 1949, the atelier of Bourdelle was donated by his former spouse Cléopâtre and his daughter to the city of Paris and it was opened as the [[Musée Bourdelle]], additionally the street was renamed as rue Antoine Bourdelle.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2014-02-12|title=Small Wonders: Amélie Simier introduces the Musée Bourdelle in Paris|url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/musee-bourdelle/|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Apollo Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref>


A second museum, the Bourdelle Garden-Museum in [[Égreville]], France was established by his daughter and son-in-law starting in 1969 and hosts another 56 of Bourdelle's sculptures in a garden setting.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jardin Musée départemental Bourdelle|url=https://www.fontainebleau-tourisme.com/en/fiche/727314/garden-museum-antoine-bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Fontainebleau Tourisme|language=en-GB}}</ref>
A second museum, the Bourdelle Garden-Museum in [[Égreville]], France was established by his daughter and son-in-law starting in 1969 and hosts another 56 of Bourdelle's sculptures in a garden setting.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jardin Musée départemental Bourdelle|url=https://www.fontainebleau-tourisme.com/en/fiche/727314/garden-museum-antoine-bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Fontainebleau Tourisme|language=en-GB}}</ref>


== Collections ==
== Collections ==
{{Main|List of works by Antoine Bourdelle}}
{{Main|List of works by Antoine Bourdelle}}
His art work is in many public collections worldwide, including [[Musée d'Orsay]] (Paris),<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Tête d'Apollon [Head of Apollo]|url=https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/sculpture/commentaire_id/head-of-apollo-21464.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Musée d'Orsay}}</ref> the [[National Museum of Western Art]] (Tokyo),<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Collection: Émile-Antoine Bourdelle, The Dying Centaur|url=http://collection.nmwa.go.jp/en/S.1959-0056.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo}}</ref> [[List Visual Arts Center]] at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] (Cambridge, Massachusetts),<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-04-11|title=Tragic Mask of Beethoven|url=https://listart.mit.edu/public-art-map/tragic-mask-beethoven|access-date=2020-06-12|website=MIT List Visual Arts Center|language=en}}</ref> [[Harvard University Art Museums]] (Cambridge, Massachusetts),<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Emile-Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/collections/person/29247|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Harvard Art Museums|language=en}}</ref> [[Cleveland Museum of Art]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Collection Artist: Emile Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://www.clevelandart.org/art/collection/search?filter-artist=Emile%20Antoine%20Bourdelle|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-11|website=The Cleveland Museum of Art}}</ref> [[National Museum of Art of Romania]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=The European Art Gallery|url=http://www.mnar.arts.ro/en/discover/temporary-exhibitions/275-cobra-et-cie|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The National Museum of Art of Romania|quote=...whereas the French one brings center stage paintings by famous 19th century artists such as Claude Monet, Paul Signac and Alfred Sisley alongside sculptures by Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel and Antoine Bourdelle.}}</ref> [[Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-21|title=Emile-Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://art.famsf.org/emile-antoine-bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-12|website=FAMSF Search the Collections|language=en}}</ref> [[Courtauld Institute of Art]] (London), [[Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna]] (Rome), [[Hermitage Museum]] (Saint Petersburg, Russia), [[Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden]] (Washington D.C.), [[Honolulu Museum of Art]], [[Kimbell Art Museum]] (Fort Worth, Texas), [[Kröller-Müller Museum]] (Otterlo, Netherlands), the [[Minneapolis Institute of Art]], [[Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes (Buenos Aires)]], the [[National Galleries of Scotland]], [[National Gallery of Australia]], [[Musée Ingres]] (Montauban), the [[Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium]], [[Middelheim Open Air Sculpture Museum]] (Antwerp, Belgium), and the [[Museum of Fine Arts (St. Petersburg, Florida)]], among others.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Emile Antoine Bourdelle Online|url=http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/bourdelle_emile_antoine.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Artcyclopedia.com}}</ref>
His art work is in many public collections worldwide, including [[Musée d'Orsay]] (Paris),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tête d'Apollon [Head of Apollo]|url=https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/sculpture/commentaire_id/head-of-apollo-21464.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Musée d'Orsay}}</ref> the [[National Museum of Western Art]] (Tokyo),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection: Émile-Antoine Bourdelle, The Dying Centaur|url=http://collection.nmwa.go.jp/en/S.1959-0056.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo}}</ref> [[List Visual Arts Center]] at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] (Cambridge, Massachusetts),<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-04-11|title=Tragic Mask of Beethoven|url=https://listart.mit.edu/public-art-map/tragic-mask-beethoven|access-date=2020-06-12|website=MIT List Visual Arts Center|language=en}}</ref> [[Harvard University Art Museums]] (Cambridge, Massachusetts),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emile-Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/collections/person/29247|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Harvard Art Museums|language=en}}</ref> [[Cleveland Museum of Art]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection Artist: Emile Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://www.clevelandart.org/art/collection/search?filter-artist=Emile%20Antoine%20Bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-11|website=The Cleveland Museum of Art}}</ref> [[National Museum of Art of Romania]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=The European Art Gallery|url=http://www.mnar.arts.ro/en/discover/temporary-exhibitions/275-cobra-et-cie|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The National Museum of Art of Romania|quote=...whereas the French one brings center stage paintings by famous 19th century artists such as Claude Monet, Paul Signac and Alfred Sisley alongside sculptures by Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel and Antoine Bourdelle.}}</ref> [[Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-21|title=Emile-Antoine Bourdelle|url=https://art.famsf.org/emile-antoine-bourdelle|access-date=2020-06-12|website=FAMSF Search the Collections|language=en}}</ref> [[Courtauld Institute of Art]] (London), [[Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna]] (Rome), [[Hermitage Museum]] (Saint Petersburg, Russia), [[Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden]] (Washington D.C.), [[Honolulu Museum of Art]], [[Kimbell Art Museum]] (Fort Worth, Texas), [[Kröller-Müller Museum]] (Otterlo, Netherlands), the [[Minneapolis Institute of Art]], [[Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes (Buenos Aires)]], the [[National Galleries of Scotland]], [[National Gallery of Australia]], [[Musée Ingres]] (Montauban), the [[Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium]], [[Middelheim Open Air Sculpture Museum]] (Antwerp, Belgium), and the [[Museum of Fine Arts (St. Petersburg, Florida)]], among others.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emile Antoine Bourdelle Online|url=http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/bourdelle_emile_antoine.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Artcyclopedia.com}}</ref>


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
[[File:Musée Bourdelle (Paris) (12706562345).jpg|thumb|upright|Photo ( c. 1913) of Antoine Bourdelle with spouse Cléopâtre Sevastos, and daughter Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle.|alt=Photo ( c. 1913) of Antoine Bourdelle with Cléopâtre Sevastos, Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle.]]
[[File:Musée Bourdelle (Paris) (12706562345).jpg|thumb|upright|Photo (c. 1913) of Antoine Bourdelle with spouse Cléopâtre Sevastos, and daughter Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle.|alt=Photo ( c. 1913) of Antoine Bourdelle with Cléopâtre Sevastos, Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle.]]
In 1904, Bourdelle married artist Stephanie van Parys (also known as Vanparys, 1877–1945).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Karel|first=David|url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=xojsRTC5ttcC&dq|title=Dictionnaire des artistes de langue française en Amérique du Nord: peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs, graveurs, photographes, et orfèvres|publisher=Presses Université Laval|year=1992|isbn=9782763772356|location=|pages=114|language=French|trans-title=Dictionary of French-speaking artists in North America : painters, sculptors, designers, printmakers, photographers, and goldsmiths}}</ref> His wife often served as a model for Bourdelle, by 1910 they had divorced.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jianu|first=Ionel|url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=OHfqAAAAMAAJ&q|title=Bourdelle|last2=Dufet|first2=Miche|publisher=Arted, Éditions d'Art|year=1978|isbn=|series=The great sculptors series|location=|pages=}}</ref> Together with van Parys they had a son, Pierre Bourdelle (c.1903–1966) and Pierre became an artist most active in the United States, and notable for his work at [[Cincinnati Union Terminal]] in 1933.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Pierre Bourdelle Papers An inventory of his Papers at Syracuse University|url=https://library.syr.edu/digital/guides/b/bourdelle_p.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Syracuse University, Library Special Collection}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=July 27, 1958|title=Post College's Artist, Man of Action As Well|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/456349704/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=Daily News from New York, New York|page=278|language=en}}</ref>
In 1904, Bourdelle married artist Stephanie van Parys (also known as Vanparys, 1877–1945).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Karel|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xojsRTC5ttcC|title=Dictionnaire des artistes de langue française en Amérique du Nord: peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs, graveurs, photographes, et orfèvres|publisher=Presses Université Laval|year=1992|isbn=9782763772356|pages=114|language=fr|trans-title=Dictionary of French-speaking artists in North America : painters, sculptors, designers, printmakers, photographers, and goldsmiths}}</ref> His wife often served as a model for Bourdelle; by 1910 they had divorced.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Jianu|first1=Ionel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OHfqAAAAMAAJ|title=Bourdelle|last2=Dufet|first2=Miche|publisher=Arted, Éditions d'Art|year=1978|series=The great sculptors series|isbn=9782850670527}}</ref> Together with van Parys they had a son, Pierre Bourdelle (c.1903–1966) and Pierre became an artist most active in the United States, and notable for his work at [[Cincinnati Union Terminal]] in 1933.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Pierre Bourdelle Papers An inventory of his Papers at Syracuse University|url=https://library.syr.edu/digital/guides/b/bourdelle_p.htm|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Syracuse University, Library Special Collection}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=July 27, 1958|title=Post College's Artist, Man of Action As Well|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/456349704/|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Newspapers.com|publisher=Daily News from New York, New York|page=278|language=en}}</ref>


Bourdelle married in 1918 his former art student, Cléopâtre Sevastos (1882–1972), who also served as his model.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Bourdelle-Sevastos, Cleopatra 1882-1972|url=http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-nr2006010900/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=WorldCat|quote=In 1906, Cleopatra Sévastos made the trip from Athens to Paris to study sculpture in the studio of Antoine Bourdelle, who married her a few years later.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=December 12, 2013|title=The exhibition “Intimate Bourdelle” opens up a new perspective on the workshop of Antoine Bourdelle (1861-1929)|url=http://www.unsa-education.com/Bourdelle-intime|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=www.unsa-education.com|publisher=UNSA Education}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cleopatre Bourdelle, the wife of artist and sculptor Antoine Bourdelle, speaks of her husbands life and art. ; part 1|url=https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/cleopatre-bourdelle-wife-artist-and-sculptor-antoine-bourdelle-speaks-her-husbands-life|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The WFMT Studs Terkel Radio Archive|language=en}}</ref> Together with Sevastos they had a daughter, Rhodia Bourdelle (her married name was Dufet, Dufet–Bourdelle, 1911–2002) and she was an art curator.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jacobs|first=Emma|title=The Little(r) Museums of Paris: An Illustrated Guide to the City's Hidden Gems|publisher=Hachette UK|year=2019|isbn=9780762466405|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Letter from Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle to Alan Wurtzburger, July 1, 1962|url=https://collections.digitalmaryland.org/digital/collection/bawu/id/12/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=collections.digitalmaryland.org|publisher=E. Kirkbride Miller Art Research Library, Baltimore Museum of Art|quote=In this letter from Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle, daughter of Emile Antoine Bourdelle,}}</ref>
Bourdelle married in 1918 his former art student, Cléopâtre Sevastos (1882–1972), who also served as his model.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bourdelle-Sevastos, Cleopatra 1882-1972|url=http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-nr2006010900/|website=WorldCat|quote=In 1906, Cleopatra Sévastos made the trip from Athens to Paris to study sculpture in the studio of Antoine Bourdelle, who married her a few years later.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 12, 2013|title=The exhibition "Intimate Bourdelle" opens up a new perspective on the workshop of Antoine Bourdelle (1861-1929)|url=http://www.unsa-education.com/Bourdelle-intime|access-date=2020-06-12|website=www.unsa-education.com|publisher=UNSA Education}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cleopatre Bourdelle, the wife of artist and sculptor Antoine Bourdelle, speaks of her husbands life and art.; part 1|url=https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/cleopatre-bourdelle-wife-artist-and-sculptor-antoine-bourdelle-speaks-her-husbands-life|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The WFMT Studs Terkel Radio Archive|language=en}}</ref> Together with Sevastos they had a daughter, Rhodia Bourdelle (her married name was Dufet, Dufet–Bourdelle, 1911–2002) and she was an art curator.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jacobs|first=Emma|title=The Little(r) Museums of Paris: An Illustrated Guide to the City's Hidden Gems|publisher=Hachette UK|year=2019|isbn=9780762466405}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Letter from Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle to Alan Wurtzburger, July 1, 1962|url=https://collections.digitalmaryland.org/digital/collection/bawu/id/12/|access-date=2020-06-12|website=collections.digitalmaryland.org|publisher=E. Kirkbride Miller Art Research Library, Baltimore Museum of Art|quote=In this letter from Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle, daughter of Emile Antoine Bourdelle,}}</ref>


== Honors ==
== Honors ==
Line 74: Line 73:
Le Jour et la Nuit par Antoine Bourdelle.JPG|''Day and Night'', marble, 1903, [[Musée Bourdelle]], Paris
Le Jour et la Nuit par Antoine Bourdelle.JPG|''Day and Night'', marble, 1903, [[Musée Bourdelle]], Paris
Bourdelle sculptress p1070128.jpg|''The Sculptress at Work'', 1906, bronze, [[Stanford Museum]], Stanford University, California
Bourdelle sculptress p1070128.jpg|''The Sculptress at Work'', 1906, bronze, [[Stanford Museum]], Stanford University, California
Herakles the Archer - MET - 24.232.jpg|[[Hercules the Archer]] (1909), Metropolitan Museum of Art
Herakles the Archer - MET - 24.232.jpg|''[[Hercules the Archer]]'' (1909), Metropolitan Museum of Art
Musée Ingres-Bourdelle - Buste d'Ingres 1908 - Bronze - Bourdelle - Joconde06070001137.jpg|''Bust of Ingres'', Musée Ingres-Bourdelle, [[Montauban]] (1908)
Musée Ingres-Bourdelle - Buste d'Ingres 1908 - Bronze - Bourdelle - Joconde06070001137.jpg|''Bust of Ingres'', Musée Ingres-Bourdelle, [[Montauban]] (1908)
Antoine Bourdelle, 1910-12, Apollon et sa méditation entourée des neuf muses, bas-relief, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris DSC09314.jpg|Apollo with three of the nine muses, [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] (1910–12)
Antoine Bourdelle, 1910-12, Apollon et sa méditation entourée des neuf muses, bas-relief, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris DSC09314.jpg|Apollo with three of the nine muses, [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]] (1910–12)
Line 86: Line 85:
Antoine Bourdelle, ca.1922, Monument La France, H. 9 m, bronze, Hohwiller founder, erected 18 June 1948, Palais de Tokyo, Paris.jpg|Monument titled ''La France'') (1922), erected 18 June 1948, [[Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris]], [[Palais de Tokyo]]
Antoine Bourdelle, ca.1922, Monument La France, H. 9 m, bronze, Hohwiller founder, erected 18 June 1948, Palais de Tokyo, Paris.jpg|Monument titled ''La France'') (1922), erected 18 June 1948, [[Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris]], [[Palais de Tokyo]]
Bust of Jean Moreas, National Garden, Athens.JPG|''Bust of Jean Moreas'', bronze, National Sculpture Garden, [[Athens]], Greece
Bust of Jean Moreas, National Garden, Athens.JPG|''Bust of Jean Moreas'', bronze, National Sculpture Garden, [[Athens]], Greece
P1080365 j'adore.jpg|''Bust of [[Gustave Eiffel]]'' at the [[Eiffel Tower]] France
Bust of Gustave Eiffel, by sculptor Antoine Bourdelle.jpg|''Bust of [[Gustave Eiffel]]'' at the [[Eiffel Tower]] France
Antoine Bourdelle - Sapho 1925 - Montauban.jpg|''[[Sappho]]'', 1925 [[Montauban]] France
Antoine Bourdelle - Sapho 1925 - Montauban.jpg|''[[Sappho]]'', 1925 [[Montauban]] France
</gallery>
</gallery>
Line 95: Line 94:
* [[Athanase Apartis]], Greece
* [[Athanase Apartis]], Greece
* [[Alfredo Bigatti]], Argentina
* [[Alfredo Bigatti]], Argentina
* [[Jean de Botton]], France
* [[Lucie Bouniol]], France
* [[Margaret Butler (sculptor)]], New Zealand
* [[Margaret Butler (sculptor)]], New Zealand
* [[Samuel Cashwan]], United States
* [[Samuel Cashwan]], United States
* [[Pablo Curatella Manes]], Argentina
* [[Pablo Curatella Manes]], Argentina
* [[Margaret Cossaceanu]], Romania
* [[Margaret Cossaceanu]], Romania
* [[Céline Emilian]], Romania
* [[Béni Ferenczy]], Hungary
* [[Béni Ferenczy]], Hungary
*[[Yitzhak Frenkel]], Israel, France
* [[Helen Margaret George]], England
* [[Helen Margaret George]], England
* [[Alberto Giacometti]], Switzerland<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Museum Ingres Bourdelle in Montauban France reopens after a complete renovation|url=http://www.offbeattravel.com/tji-museum-ingres-bourdelle-montauban-france-reopens.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Offbeattravel.com}}</ref>
* [[Alberto Giacometti]], Switzerland<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Museum Ingres Bourdelle in Montauban France reopens after a complete renovation|url=http://www.offbeattravel.com/tji-museum-ingres-bourdelle-montauban-france-reopens.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Offbeattravel.com}}</ref>
Line 110: Line 113:
* [[Raoul Josset]], France/United States
* [[Raoul Josset]], France/United States
* [[David Karfunkle]], Austria/United States
* [[David Karfunkle]], Austria/United States
* [[Adaline Kent]], United States<ref name="Adaline Kent"/>
* [[Adaline Kent]], United States<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012|title=Adaline Kent|url=http://rehistoricizing.org/adaline-kent/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-12|website=Rehistoricizing The Time Around Abstract Expressionism in the San Francisco Bay Area (1950s–1960s)|language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Emile Lahner]], Hungary
* [[Emile Lahner]], Hungary
* [[Aristide Maillol]], France
* [[Aristide Maillol]], France
* [[Henri Matisse]], France
* [[Henri Matisse]], France
* [[Vadym Meller]], Ukraine
* [[Vadym Meller]], Ukraine
* [[Marguerite Milward]], England
* [[Vera Mukhina]], Russian Empire/USSR
* [[Vera Mukhina]], Russian Empire/USSR
* [[Bencho Obreshkov]], Bulgaria
* [[Bencho Obreshkov]], Bulgaria
Line 166: Line 170:
{{Antoine Bourdelle}}
{{Antoine Bourdelle}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control (arts)}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Bourdelle, Antoine}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bourdelle, Antoine}}
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[[Category:1929 deaths]]
[[Category:1929 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Montauban]]
[[Category:People from Montauban]]
[[Category:Alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts]]
[[Category:École des Beaux-Arts alumni]]
[[Category:Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery]]
[[Category:Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery]]
[[Category:19th-century French painters]]
[[Category:19th-century French painters]]
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[[Category:20th-century French painters]]
[[Category:20th-century French painters]]
[[Category:Art Deco sculptors]]
[[Category:Art Deco sculptors]]
[[Category:Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:20th-century French sculptors]]
[[Category:20th-century French sculptors]]
[[Category:20th-century male artists]]
[[Category:20th-century French male artists]]
[[Category:19th-century French sculptors]]
[[Category:19th-century French sculptors]]
[[Category:French male sculptors]]
[[Category:French male sculptors]]
[[Category:19th-century male artists]]
[[Category:19th-century French male artists]]

Latest revision as of 20:28, 29 December 2024

Antoine Bourdelle
Born
Antoine Bourdelle

(1861-10-30)30 October 1861
Montauban, France
Died1 October 1929(1929-10-01) (aged 67)
Le Vésinet, France
Known forSculpture

Antoine Bourdelle (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twan buʁdɛl]; 30 October 1861 – 1 October 1929), born Émile Antoine Bordelles,[1] was an influential and prolific French sculptor and teacher. He was a student of Auguste Rodin, a teacher of Giacometti and Henri Matisse, and an important figure in the Art Deco movement and the transition from the Beaux-Arts style to modern sculpture.

His studio became the Musée Bourdelle, an art museum dedicated to his work, located at 18, rue Antoine Bourdelle, in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, France.

Early life and education

[edit]

Émile Antoine Bourdelle was born at Montauban, Tarn-et-Garonne in France on 30 October 1861.[2] His father was a wood craftsman and cabinet-maker. In 1874, at the age of thirteen, he left school to work in his father's workshop, and also began carving his first sculptures of wood.

In 1876, with the assistance of writer Émile Pouvillon, he received a scholarship to attend the School of Fine Arts in Toulouse, though he remained fiercely independent and resisted the formal program.[3] In 1884, at the age of twenty-four, he earned second place in the competition to enter the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. There he worked in the studio of Alexandre Falguière and frequented the studio of Jules Dalou, who was his neighbor.[4]

Career

[edit]

In 1885 he participated in the annual Salon of artists and won an honorable mention for his work, The First Victory of Hannibal. He rented a studio at 16 Impasse du Main, next to the painters Eugène Carrière and Jean-Paul Laurens. He worked in this studio until his death.[5]

Leda and the Swan, Musée d'Art classique de Mougins

In 1887, he quit the studio of Falguièr, and, moved by the music of Beethoven, he made his first of what would eventually be some forty sculptures of the composer. In September 1893 Bourdelle joined the studio of Auguste Rodin. His collaboration with Rodin lasted fifteen years. In 1895, he received his first official commission, a war monument for the city of Montauban. His proposed plans, different from traditional monuments, created a scandal. Rodin intervened on his behalf, and the monument was finally erected in 1902.[5]

In 1900, Bourdelle demonstrated his independence from Rodin's style with a bust of Apollo. In the same year, Bourdelle, Rodin and the sculptor Desbois opened a free school of sculpture, the Institut Rodin-Debois-Bourdelle. One of the students was Henri Matisse, who later produced some remarkable sculpture, but the school did not last long.[5]

Bourdelle in his studio sketching Grace Christie

In 1905, Bourdelle had his first personal exhibition, in the gallery of the foundry-owner Hébrand. With the support of Hébrand and the material assistance of his foundry, Bourdelle was able to make larger works and earn greater recognition. His father died in 1906, and Bourdelle changed his first name to simply Antoine, after his father. He married his second wife, Cléopatre Sevastos (1892-1972), who was of Greek origin. She and their daughter, Rhodia, became a frequent inspiration for his works.[6]

In 1908, Bourdelle left the studio of Rodin and set out on his own. In 1909 he exhibited a new work, Hercules the Archer at the annual Salon of the Societé Nationale des Beaux-Arts. He began to teach at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, where his students included Giacometti, Isaac Frenkel and Adaline Kent.[7]

In 1913 the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées was inaugurated, with decoration on the facade and the interior atrium designed by Bourdelle. This work announced the debut of the Art Deco style, and was an important step towards modernism.[5] He was a participant in the 1913 Armory Show in New York, a founder and vice-president of the Parisian Salon des Tuileries. He remained in Paris during the First World War, working on a commission for an art patron from Argentina, Rodolfo Acorta, a monument to General Alvear, which was inaugurated in Buenos Aires in 1925. In 1929, his first major public sculpture in Paris, the monument to the Polish poet Mickiewicz, was inaugurated on Place d'Alma.[where?]

Death and legacy

[edit]
Monument to Mickiewicz, 1929, Jardin d'Erevan, 8th arr., Paris

Bourdelle, in poor health, died at Le Vésinet, near Paris, on 1 October 1929 and was interred in the Cimetière du Montparnasse, Paris, France.[5][8]

Museums

[edit]

Today the Musée Bourdelle in Paris sits amidst brick houses at 18 rue Antoine Bourdelle, a small street between the Gare Montparnasse and the offices of the famous French newspaper Le Monde. The museum consists of Bourdelle's house, studio, and garden where he worked from 1884 to 1929.[9][10]

In the 1930s his widow opened his art studio for viewings.[11] In 1949, the atelier of Bourdelle was donated by his former spouse Cléopâtre and his daughter to the city of Paris and it was opened as the Musée Bourdelle, additionally the street was renamed as rue Antoine Bourdelle.[11]

A second museum, the Bourdelle Garden-Museum in Égreville, France was established by his daughter and son-in-law starting in 1969 and hosts another 56 of Bourdelle's sculptures in a garden setting.[12]

Collections

[edit]
Main article: List of works by Antoine Bourdelle

His art work is in many public collections worldwide, including Musée d'Orsay (Paris),[13] the National Museum of Western Art (Tokyo),[14] List Visual Arts Center at MIT (Cambridge, Massachusetts),[15] Harvard University Art Museums (Cambridge, Massachusetts),[16] Cleveland Museum of Art,[17] National Museum of Art of Romania,[18] Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco,[19] Courtauld Institute of Art (London), Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna (Rome), Hermitage Museum (Saint Petersburg, Russia), Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (Washington D.C.), Honolulu Museum of Art, Kimbell Art Museum (Fort Worth, Texas), Kröller-Müller Museum (Otterlo, Netherlands), the Minneapolis Institute of Art, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes (Buenos Aires), the National Galleries of Scotland, National Gallery of Australia, Musée Ingres (Montauban), the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Middelheim Open Air Sculpture Museum (Antwerp, Belgium), and the Museum of Fine Arts (St. Petersburg, Florida), among others.[20]

Personal life

[edit]
Photo ( c. 1913) of Antoine Bourdelle with Cléopâtre Sevastos, Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle.
Photo (c. 1913) of Antoine Bourdelle with spouse Cléopâtre Sevastos, and daughter Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle.

In 1904, Bourdelle married artist Stephanie van Parys (also known as Vanparys, 1877–1945).[21] His wife often served as a model for Bourdelle; by 1910 they had divorced.[22] Together with van Parys they had a son, Pierre Bourdelle (c.1903–1966) and Pierre became an artist most active in the United States, and notable for his work at Cincinnati Union Terminal in 1933.[21][23][24]

Bourdelle married in 1918 his former art student, Cléopâtre Sevastos (1882–1972), who also served as his model.[25][26][27] Together with Sevastos they had a daughter, Rhodia Bourdelle (her married name was Dufet, Dufet–Bourdelle, 1911–2002) and she was an art curator.[28][29]

Honors

[edit]

In 1909 he was named Knight of the Legion of Honor, in 1919 Officier of the Legion of Honor, and in 1924 became a Commander of the Legion of Honor.

Sculpture

[edit]

Students

[edit]

Artists who studied with Antoine Bourdelle included:

For a first hand account of Bourdelle's teaching style see Arnold Ronnebeck's article from 1925, published in The Arts 8, no. 4 titled "Bourdelle Speaks to His Pupils: From a Paris Diary."

See also

[edit]

Notes and citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Birth certificate of Émile Antoine Bordelles, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, Leonore
  2. ^ "Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  3. ^ Lemoine, Colin, Bourdelle, Cercle d'Art, (2004), pg. 8
  4. ^ Ruth Butler, Rodin: The Shape of Genius, Yale University Press, 1993, page 266, ISBN 978-0-300-06498-8
  5. ^ a b c d e Lemoine (2004), p. 8
  6. ^ Lemoine (2004), pg.
  7. ^ a b "Adaline Kent". Rehistoricizing The Time Around Abstract Expressionism in the San Francisco Bay Area (1950s–1960s). 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  8. ^ "Antoine Bourdelle". Musée d'Orsay: Artists - biographical notes. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  9. ^ Sabes-Dublanc, Sylvia (2018-11-14). "Musée Bourdelle, Paris, France". afar.com. AFAR media. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  10. ^ "Musée Bourdelle, le plus bel atelier-jardin de Paris". Paris ZigZag (in French). Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  11. ^ a b "Small Wonders: Amélie Simier introduces the Musée Bourdelle in Paris". Apollo Magazine. 2014-02-12. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  12. ^ "Jardin Musée départemental Bourdelle". Fontainebleau Tourisme. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  13. ^ "Tête d'Apollon [Head of Apollo]". Musée d'Orsay. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  14. ^ "Collection: Émile-Antoine Bourdelle, The Dying Centaur". The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  15. ^ "Tragic Mask of Beethoven". MIT List Visual Arts Center. 2014-04-11. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  16. ^ "Emile-Antoine Bourdelle". Harvard Art Museums. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  17. ^ "Collection Artist: Emile Antoine Bourdelle". The Cleveland Museum of Art. Retrieved 2020-06-11.
  18. ^ "The European Art Gallery". The National Museum of Art of Romania. Retrieved 2020-06-12. ...whereas the French one brings center stage paintings by famous 19th century artists such as Claude Monet, Paul Signac and Alfred Sisley alongside sculptures by Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel and Antoine Bourdelle.
  19. ^ "Emile-Antoine Bourdelle". FAMSF Search the Collections. 2018-09-21. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  20. ^ "Emile Antoine Bourdelle Online". Artcyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  21. ^ a b Karel, David (1992). Dictionnaire des artistes de langue française en Amérique du Nord: peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs, graveurs, photographes, et orfèvres [Dictionary of French-speaking artists in North America : painters, sculptors, designers, printmakers, photographers, and goldsmiths] (in French). Presses Université Laval. p. 114. ISBN 9782763772356.
  22. ^ Jianu, Ionel; Dufet, Miche (1978). Bourdelle. The great sculptors series. Arted, Éditions d'Art. ISBN 9782850670527.
  23. ^ "Pierre Bourdelle Papers An inventory of his Papers at Syracuse University". Syracuse University, Library Special Collection. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  24. ^ "Post College's Artist, Man of Action As Well". Newspapers.com. Daily News from New York, New York. July 27, 1958. p. 278. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  25. ^ "Bourdelle-Sevastos, Cleopatra 1882-1972". WorldCat. In 1906, Cleopatra Sévastos made the trip from Athens to Paris to study sculpture in the studio of Antoine Bourdelle, who married her a few years later.
  26. ^ "The exhibition "Intimate Bourdelle" opens up a new perspective on the workshop of Antoine Bourdelle (1861-1929)". www.unsa-education.com. UNSA Education. December 12, 2013. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  27. ^ "Cleopatre Bourdelle, the wife of artist and sculptor Antoine Bourdelle, speaks of her husbands life and art.; part 1". The WFMT Studs Terkel Radio Archive. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  28. ^ Jacobs, Emma (2019). The Little(r) Museums of Paris: An Illustrated Guide to the City's Hidden Gems. Hachette UK. ISBN 9780762466405.
  29. ^ "Letter from Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle to Alan Wurtzburger, July 1, 1962". collections.digitalmaryland.org. E. Kirkbride Miller Art Research Library, Baltimore Museum of Art. Retrieved 2020-06-12. In this letter from Rhodia Dufet Bourdelle, daughter of Emile Antoine Bourdelle,
  30. ^ "The Museum Ingres Bourdelle in Montauban France reopens after a complete renovation". Offbeattravel.com. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  31. ^ "Antoine Bourdelle and the history of Musee Bourdelle". Eutouring.com. Retrieved 2020-06-12.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Colin Lemoine, Antoine Bourdelle. L'oeuvre à demeure, Paris, Paris-Musées, 2009
  • Bourdelle, Émile-Antoine, "Émile-Antoine Bourdelle, Sculptures and Drawings", Perth, Western Australian Art Gallery, 1978.
  • Jeancolas, Claude, Sculpture Française, CELIV, Paris (1992), (ISBN 978-2-86535-162-6)
  • Ottawa.National Gallery of Canada, "Antoine Bourdelle, 1861-1929", New York, C. E. Slatkin Galleries, 1961.
  • Colin Lemoine, Antoine Bourdelle, Paris, Cercle d'art, 2004,(ISBN 978-2-7022-0749-9)
  • Antoine Bourdelle, passeur de la modernité, exhibition catalogue (curators Roxana Theodorescu, Juliette Laffon and Colin Lemoine / Catalogue Colin Lemoine), Bucarest, National Museum of Art, 2006
  • Colin Lemoine, Le Fruit : une œuvre majuscule d'Antoine Bourdelle, Ligeia, January–June 2005, n°57-58-59-60, p. 60-78
  • Colin Lemoine, "...sans ce modelé à la Rodin, à la XVIIIe siècle qui beurre le tout : Bourdelle et la question d'un primitivisme occidental", Bulletin du musée Ingres, May 2006, n° 78, p. 49-66
  • Cléopâtre Sevastos, Ma vie avec Bourdelle, Paris-Musées-Editions des Cendres, 2005 (annoted edition by Colin Lemoine)
  • Véronique Gautherin, L'Oeil et la main (2000)
  • Antoine Bourdelle, d'un siècle l'autre. L'eurythmie de la modernité, exhibition catalogue by Colin Lemoine, Japan (Kitakyushu, Niigata, Takamatsu, Iwaki, Nagoya, Seoul), 2007–2008.
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