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1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries: Difference between revisions

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| next_year = 1984
| next_year = 1984
| election_date = January 21 to June 3, 1980
| election_date = January 21 to June 3, 1980
| votes_for_election = 3,346 delegates to the [[1980 Democratic National Convention]]
| votes_for_election = 3,346 delegates to the [[1980 Democratic National Convention|Democratic National Convention]]
| needed_votes = 1,674 delegates
| needed_votes = 1,674 (majority)
| party_name = no
| party_name = no
| image1 = File:Carter cropped.jpg
| image1 = File: Carter cropped.jpg
| image_size = 150x150px
| image_size = 150x150px
| candidate1 = '''[[Jimmy Carter]]'''
| candidate1 = '''[[Jimmy Carter]]'''
| colour1 = E35e5e
| colour1 = E35e5e
| home_state1 = [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
| home_state1 = [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
| delegate_count1 = '''1,984''' {{Efn|This is an estimate provided by the source.|name=|group=}}<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=July 1, 1980 |title=DISENCHANTED |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/428638745 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Boston Globe |location=Boston, Massachusetts|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 2, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br>
| delegate_count1 = '''1,984''' {{Efn|This is an estimate provided by the source.|name=|group=}}<ref name="The Boston Globe-1980">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=July 1, 1980 |title=DISENCHANTED |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/428638745 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Boston Globe |location=Boston, Massachusetts|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 2, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>
| states_carried1 = '''37'''
| states_carried1 = '''37'''
| popular_vote1 = '''10,043,016'''
| popular_vote1 = '''10,043,016'''
Line 27: Line 27:
| colour2 = 4997D0
| colour2 = 4997D0
| home_state2 = [[Massachusetts]]
| home_state2 = [[Massachusetts]]
| delegate_count2 = 1,237 {{Efn|This is an estimate provided by the source.|name=|group=}}<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=July 1, 1980 |title=DISENCHANTED |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/428638745 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Boston Globe |location=Boston, Massachusetts|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 2, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br>
| delegate_count2 = 1,237 {{Efn|This is an estimate provided by the source.|name=|group=}}<ref name="The Boston Globe-1980"/>
| states_carried2 = 13
| states_carried2 = 13
| popular_vote2 = 7,381,693
| popular_vote2 = 7,381,693
| percentage2 = 37.6%
| percentage2 = 37.6%
| image3 = File:NOTA_Option_Logo_3x4.svg
| candidate3 = [[Uncommitted (voting option)|Uncommitted]]
| colour3 = 000000
| home_state3 =
| delegate_count3 = 96
| states_carried3 = 1
| popular_vote3 = 1,288,423
| percentage3 = 6.6%
| map = {{Switcher
| map = {{Switcher
| [[File:United States Democratic presidential primaries, 1980 by state.svg|350px]]
| [[File:United States Democratic presidential primaries, 1980 by state.svg|350px]]
Line 45: Line 53:
}}
}}


From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] chose its nominee for [[President of the United States|president]] in the [[1980 United States presidential election]]. Incumbent President [[Jimmy Carter]] was again selected as the nominee through a series of [[primary election]]s and [[caucus]]es, culminating in the [[1980 Democratic National Convention]], held from August 11 to 14, 1980, in [[New York City]].
From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] chose its nominee for [[President of the United States|president]] in the [[1980 United States presidential election]]. Incumbent President [[Jimmy Carter]] was again selected as the nominee through a series of [[Partisan primary|primary election]]s and [[caucus]]es, culminating in the [[1980 Democratic National Convention]], held from August 11 to 14, 1980, in [[New York City]].


Carter faced a major primary challenger in Senator [[Ted Kennedy]] of [[Massachusetts]], who won 12 contests and received more than seven million votes nationwide, enough for him to refuse to concede the nomination until the second day of the convention. This remains the last primary election in which an incumbent president's party nomination was still contested going into the convention.
Carter faced a major primary challenger in Senator [[Ted Kennedy]] of [[Massachusetts]], who won 12 contests and received more than seven million votes nationwide, enough for him to refuse to concede the nomination until the second day of the convention. This remains the last primary election in which an incumbent president's party nomination was still contested going into the convention.


Jimmy Carter would be the last incumbent president to lose a primary in any contest, until [[Joe Biden]] lost to [[Jason Palmer (politician)|Jason Palmer]] in the [[2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=James |last=Bickerton |date=March 7, 2024 |title=Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years |url=https://www.newsweek.com/joe-biden-loses-primary-jason-palmer-american-samoa-jimmy-carter-1876315 |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> For the Democrats in 1980 a then-record of 37 primary races were held.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalb |first=Deborah |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Guide_to_U_S_Elections/JDjrCQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=GUIDE TO U.S. ELECTIONS |publisher=CQ Press |year=2015 |isbn=9781483380384 |pages= |quote=In 1980 a then-record thirty-seven primaries (including those in the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) provided more opportunity for mass participation in the nominating process than ever before. |via=Google Books}}</ref>
Jimmy Carter would be the last incumbent president to lose a primary in any contest, until [[Joe Biden]] lost to [[Jason Palmer (politician)|Jason Palmer]] in the [[2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=James |last=Bickerton |date=March 7, 2024 |title=Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years |url=https://www.newsweek.com/joe-biden-loses-primary-jason-palmer-american-samoa-jimmy-carter-1876315 |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> For the Democrats in 1980 a then-record of 37 primary races were held.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalb |first=Deborah |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDjrCQAAQBAJ |title=GUIDE TO U.S. ELECTIONS |publisher=CQ Press |year=2015 |isbn=9781483380384 |pages= |quote=In 1980 a then-record thirty-seven primaries (including those in the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) provided more opportunity for mass participation in the nominating process than ever before. |via=Google Books}}</ref>


== Primary race ==
== Primary race ==
Line 65: Line 73:
=== Nominee ===
=== Nominee ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" |Candidate
! style="width:200px;" colspan="3" |Candidate
! class="unsortable" |Most recent office
! style="width:150px;" | Most recent office
!Home state
! style="width:100px;" | Home state
! data-sort-type="date" |Campaign
! style="width:150px;" | Campaign
! style="width:100px;" | Popular vote
<small>Withdrawal date</small>
! style="width:150px;" | Contests won
!Popular
! style="width:150px;" colspan="2" | Running mate
vote
!Contests won
!Running mate
|- style="background:linen;"
|- style="background:linen;"
! data-sort-="" scope="row" style="background:linen;" |[[Jimmy Carter]]
! style="background:linen;" scope="row" data-sort-="" |[[Jimmy Carter]]
| style="min-width:80px;" |[[File:Unsuccessful 1980.jpg|98x98px|Carter]]
| style="min-width:80px;" |[[File:Unsuccessful 1980.jpg|127x127px]]
| style="background:#E35e5e;" |
| style="background:#E35e5e;" |
|'''[[President of the United States]]'''<br />(1977–1981)
|'''[[President of the United States]]'''<br />(1977–1981)
|[[File:Flag-map of Georgia (1956-2001).png|100px]]<br /> [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
|{{flag|Georgia (U.S. state)|1956|name=Georgia}}
|data-sort-value="0" |[[File:Carter Mondale 1980 logo.svg|frameless|114x114px]]
| data-sort-value="0" |[[File:Carter Mondale 1980 logo.svg|149x149px]]<br><small>([[Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign|Campaign]] • [[Political positions of Jimmy Carter|Positions]])</small><br>'''Secured nomination:''' '''August 11, 1980'''
| data-sort-value="14,015,993" |'''10,043,016'''<br /><small>(51.13%)</small>
<small>([[Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign|Campaign]] • [[Political positions of Jimmy Carter|Positions]])</small><br>'''Secured nomination:''' '''August 11, 1980'''
| data-sort-value="42" |'''36'''<br>IA, ME, NH, VT, AL, FL, GA, PR, IL, KS, WI, LA, TX, IN, NC, TN, NE, MD, OK, AR ID, KY, NV, MT, OH, WV, MO, OR, WA
| data-sort-value="14,015,993" |10,043,016<br /><small>(51.13%)</small>
| data-sort-value="44" |'''36'''<br>IA, ME, NH, VT, AL, FL, GA, PR, IL, KS, WI, LA, TX, IN, NC, TN, NE, MD, OK, AR ID, KY, NV, MT, OH, WV, MO, OR, WA
|[[Walter Mondale]]
|[[Walter Mondale]]
|[[File:Walter Mondale, Rosalynn Carter, Joan Mondale and Jimmy Carter at the Mondale's home. - NARA - 177199 (mondale crop).tif|105x105px]]
|}
|}


=== Other convention candidates ===
=== Withdrew during primaries or convention ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" |Candidate
! style="width:200px;" colspan="3" |Candidate
! class="unsortable" |Most recent office
! style="width:150px;" | Most recent office
!Home state
! style="width:100px;" | Home state
! data-sort-type="date" |Campaign
! style="width:150px;" | Campaign
! style="width:100px;" | Popular vote
<small>Withdrawal date</small>
! style="width:150px;" | Contests won
!Popular Vote
!Contests Won
|-
|-
! data-sort-value="Brown" scope="row" |[[Ted Kennedy]]
! scope="row" data-sort-="" |[[Ted Kennedy]]
|[[File:Ted Kennedy 1979.jpg|alt=|98x98px]]
| style="min-width:80px;" |[[File:Ted Kennedy 1979.jpg|127x127px]]
| style="background:#4997D0;" |
| style="background:#4997D0;" |
|'''U.S. Senator'''<br>'''from [[Massachusetts]]'''<br />(1962–2009)
|'''U.S. Senator'''<br>'''from [[Massachusetts]]'''<br />(1962–2009)
|[[File:Flag-map of Massachusetts.svg|92x92px]]<br />[[Massachusetts]]
|{{flag|Massachusetts}}
| data-sort-value="05-03-2016" |[[File:Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign logo.png|frameless|114x114px]]
| data-sort-value="0" |[[File:Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign logo.png|frameless|114x114px]]
<small>([[Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign|Campaign]])</small><br /><small>'''Withdrew at convention: August 11, 1980'''</small>
<small>([[Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign|Campaign]])</small><br /><small>'''Withdrew at convention: August 11, 1980'''</small>
| data-sort-value="11" |7,381,693<br /><small>(37.58%)</small>
| data-sort-value="14,015,993" |7,381,693<br /><small>(37.58%)</small>
|'''12'''<br>AZ, MA, CT, NY, PA, ND, DC, CA, NJ, NM, RI, SD, VT, AK, MI
| data-sort-value="42" |'''12'''<br>AZ, MA, CT, NY, PA, ND, DC, CA, NJ, NM, RI, SD, VT, AK, MI
|}

=== Withdrew during primaries ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! style="width:200px;" colspan="3" |Candidate
! style="width:150px;" | Most recent office
! style="width:100px;" | Home state
! style="width:150px;" | Campaign
! style="width:100px;" | Popular vote
! style="width:150px;" | Contests won
|-
! scope="row" data-sort-="" |[[Jerry Brown]]
| style="min-width:80px;" |[[File:Governor Edmund G Brown (cropped).jpg|127x127px]]
| style="background:#e56cbf;" |
|'''Governor of<br>[[California]]'''<br /><small>(1975–1983)</small>
|{{flag|California}}
| data-sort-value="0" |[[File:2012AlsoRans8-1x36.jpg|frameless|100x100px]]
<small>([[Jerry Brown#1980 presidential election|Campaign]])</small><br /><small>'''Withdrew: April 2, 1980'''</small>
| data-sort-value="14,015,993" |575,296<br /><small>(2.93%)</small>
| data-sort-value="42" |None
|}

===Minor candidates===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;"
|- <sup>†</sup>
|- style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"|[[Lyndon LaRouche]]
! scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"|[[Cliff Finch]]
! scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"|[[Alice Tripp]]
|- style="text-align:center"
|[[File:Lyndon LaRouche 1976.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|[[File:Cliff Finch.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|- style="text-align:center"
| No Elected Office
|[[Governor of Mississippi|Governor]]<br>of [[Mississippi]]<br /><small>(1976–1980)</small>
| No Elected Office
|- style="text-align:center"
|'''177,784''' votes
|'''48,032''' votes
|'''No''' votes
|}
|}


=== Other candidates ===
* [[Jerry Brown]], Governor of California
* [[Cliff Finch]], Governor of Mississippi
* Alice Tripp, activist from Minnesota
[[Far-right politics|Far-right]] politician [[David Duke]] tried to run for the Democratic presidential nomination. Despite being six years too young to be qualified to run for president, Duke attempted to place his name onto the ballot in twelve states stating that he wanted to be a power broker who could "select issues and form a platform representing the majority of this country" at the Democratic National Convention.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77742707/the-times/ |title=Duke to run |date=May 21, 1979 |work=[[The Times (Shreveport)|The Times]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210515204119/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77742707/the-times/ |archive-date=May 15, 2021 |url-status=live |page=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77749381/the-times/ |title=Ku Klux Klansman egged on Alexandria street |date=June 23, 1979 |work=[[The Times (Shreveport)|The Times]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210515204459/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77749381/the-times/ |archive-date=May 15, 2021 |url-status=live |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
[[Far-right politics|Far-right]] politician [[David Duke]] tried to run for the Democratic presidential nomination. Despite being six years too young to be qualified to run for president, Duke attempted to place his name onto the ballot in twelve states stating that he wanted to be a power broker who could "select issues and form a platform representing the majority of this country" at the Democratic National Convention.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77742707/the-times/ |title=Duke to run |date=May 21, 1979 |work=[[The Times (Shreveport)|The Times]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210515204119/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77742707/the-times/ |archive-date=May 15, 2021 |url-status=live |page=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77749381/the-times/ |title=Ku Klux Klansman egged on Alexandria street |date=June 23, 1979 |work=[[The Times (Shreveport)|The Times]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210515204459/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/77749381/the-times/ |archive-date=May 15, 2021 |url-status=live |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>


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|-
|-
| February 10
| February 10
|Maine<br>Caucuses<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=February 16, 1980 |title=CARTER GETS 8% LEAD IN CAUCUS VOTE |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/665588196 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Bangor Daily News |location=Bangor, Maine|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 25, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>{{efn|20 communities of 503 had not yet reported their results in the source used.}}<br><small>2,247 {{abbr|SDs|State Delegates; these are delegates elected in the Caucuses across the State who will then vote the makeup of the Delegation to the National Convention.}}</small><br><small>33,326</small>
|Maine<br>Caucuses<ref name="The Bangor Daily News-1980">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=February 16, 1980 |title=CARTER GETS 8% LEAD IN CAUCUS VOTE |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/665588196 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Bangor Daily News |location=Bangor, Maine|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 25, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>{{efn|20 communities of 503 had not yet reported their results in the source used.}}<br><small>2,247 {{abbr|SDs|State Delegates; these are delegates elected in the Caucuses across the State who will then vote the makeup of the Delegation to the National Convention.}}</small><br><small>33,326</small>
|0 <small>(of 50)</small>
|0 <small>(of 50)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''<small>1,017 {{abbr|SDs|State Delegates; these are delegates elected in the Caucuses across the State who will then vote the makeup of the Delegation to the National Convention.}}</small><br/>(45.26%)<br><small>14,528</small><br/>(43.59%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''<small>1,017 {{abbr|SDs|State Delegates; these are delegates elected in the Caucuses across the State who will then vote the makeup of the Delegation to the National Convention.}}</small><br/>(45.26%)<br><small>14,528</small><br/>(43.59%)'''
Line 245: Line 286:
|<small>3,707 {{efn|Includes 1,378 votes (0.36%) for Cliff Finch, 513 votes (0.13%) for Lyndon LaRouche.}}</small><br/>(0.96%)
|<small>3,707 {{efn|Includes 1,378 votes (0.36%) for Cliff Finch, 513 votes (0.13%) for Lyndon LaRouche.}}</small><br/>(0.96%)
|-
|-
|Oklahoma<br>Caucuses<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=March 13, 1980 |title=NIGH SEES AT LEAST 35 DELEGATES TO CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/129203907 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Daily Oklahoman |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>{{efn|Only 82% of the precincts were called in the source. The number of delegates elected was also unclear.}}
|Oklahoma<br>Caucuses<ref name="The Daily Oklahoman-1980">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=March 13, 1980 |title=NIGH SEES AT LEAST 35 DELEGATES TO CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/129203907 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Daily Oklahoman |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>{{efn|Only 82% of the precincts were called in the source. The number of delegates elected was also unclear.}}
|0 <small>(of 42)</small>
|0 <small>(of 42)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''<small>4,638 {{abbr|CDs|County Delegates; these are delegates elected in the Caucuses across the State who will then vote the makeup of the Delegation to the State Convention.}}</small><br/>(76.07%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''<small>4,638 {{abbr|CDs|County Delegates; these are delegates elected in the Caucuses across the State who will then vote the makeup of the Delegation to the State Convention.}}</small><br/>(76.07%)'''
Line 255: Line 296:
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | March 15
| rowspan="2" | March 15
|Mississippi<br>Caucuses<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=March 13, 1980 |title=NIGH SEES AT LEAST 35 DELEGATES TO CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/129203907 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Daily Oklahoman |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>{{efn|Only 63% of the delegate selections were given in the source, and only by percentages.}}
|Mississippi<br>Caucuses<ref name="The Daily Oklahoman-1980"/>{{efn|Only 63% of the delegate selections were given in the source, and only by percentages.}}
|0 <small>(of 32)</small>
|0 <small>(of 32)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''(~78%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''(~78%)'''
Line 400: Line 441:
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" | April 12
| rowspan="3" | April 12
|Arizona<br>Caucuses<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=February 16, 1980 |title=CARTER GETS 8% LEAD IN CAUCUS VOTE |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/665588196 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Bangor Daily News |location=Bangor, Maine|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 25, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>{{efn|8 polling places out of 84 had not yet reported their results in the source used.}}<br><small>19,600</small>
|Arizona<br>Caucuses<ref name="The Bangor Daily News-1980"/>{{efn|8 polling places out of 84 had not yet reported their results in the source used.}}<br><small>19,600</small>
|0 <small>(of 29)</small>
|0 <small>(of 29)</small>
|<small>8,342</small><br/>(42.56%)
|<small>8,342</small><br/>(42.56%)
Line 598: Line 639:
| -
| -
|-
|-
|North Carolina<br>Primary<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 7, 1980 |title=CARTER, REAGAN HOLD THREE-QUARTERS OF NEEDED DELEGATES |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/917005695 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Roanoke Times |location=Roanoke, Virginia|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>737,262</small>
|North Carolina<br>Primary<ref name="The Roanoke Times-1980">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 7, 1980 |title=CARTER, REAGAN HOLD THREE-QUARTERS OF NEEDED DELEGATES |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/917005695 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Roanoke Times |location=Roanoke, Virginia|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>737,262</small>
|69 <small>(of 69)</small>
|69 <small>(of 69)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''53 Del.<br><small>516,778</small><br/>(70.09%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''53 Del.<br><small>516,778</small><br/>(70.09%)'''
Line 607: Line 648:
|<small>68,380</small><br/>(9.28%)
|<small>68,380</small><br/>(9.28%)
|-
|-
|Tennessee<br>Primary<ref name="The Roanoke Times-1980"/><br><small>294,680</small>
|Tennessee<br>Primary<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 7, 1980 |title=CARTER, REAGAN HOLD THREE-QUARTERS OF NEEDED DELEGATES |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/917005695 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Roanoke Times |location=Roanoke, Virginia|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>294,680</small>
|55 <small>(of 55)</small>
|55 <small>(of 55)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''44 Del.<br><small>221,658</small><br/>(75.22%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''44 Del.<br><small>221,658</small><br/>(75.22%)'''
Line 748: Line 789:
|5 Del.<br><small>80,904</small><br/>(18.05%)
|5 Del.<br><small>80,904</small><br/>(18.05%)
|-
|-
|Idaho<br>Primary<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 28, 1980 |title=CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/1014463739/ |url-status= |language=English |work=The State Journal |location=Frankfort, Kentucky|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>50,482</small>
|Idaho<br>Primary<ref name="The State Journal-1980">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 28, 1980 |title=CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/1014463739/ |url-status= |language=English |work=The State Journal |location=Frankfort, Kentucky|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>50,482</small>
|0 <small>(of 20)</small>
|0 <small>(of 20)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''<small>31,383</small><br/>(62.17%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''<small>31,383</small><br/>(62.17%)'''
Line 757: Line 798:
|<small>5,934</small><br/>(11.76%)
|<small>5,934</small><br/>(11.76%)
|-
|-
|Kentucky<br>Primary<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 28, 1980 |title=CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/1014463739/ |url-status= |language=English |work=The State Journal |location=Frankfort, Kentucky|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>240,331</small>
|Kentucky<br>Primary<ref name="The State Journal-1980"/><br><small>240,331</small>
|50 <small>(of 50)</small>
|50 <small>(of 50)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''38 Del.<br><small>160,819</small><br/>(66.92%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''38 Del.<br><small>160,819</small><br/>(66.92%)'''
Line 766: Line 807:
|<small>19,219</small><br/>(8.00%)
|<small>19,219</small><br/>(8.00%)
|-
|-
|Nevada<br>Primary<ref name="The State Journal-1980"/><br><small>66,948</small>
|Nevada<br>Primary<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=May 28, 1980 |title=CARTER |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/1014463739/ |url-status= |language=English |work=The State Journal |location=Frankfort, Kentucky|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=March 27, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref><br><small>66,948</small>
|12 <small>(of 12)</small>
|12 <small>(of 12)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''5 Del.<br><small>25,159</small><br/>(37.58%)'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''5 Del.<br><small>25,159</small><br/>(37.58%)'''
Line 888: Line 929:
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" | June 8
| rowspan="1" | June 8
|North Dakota<br>State Convention<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=June 9, 1980 |title=DEMOCRATS GIVE KENNEDY SLIGHT EDGE |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/347525807 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Bismarck Tribune |location=Bismark, North Dakota|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 1, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>
|North Dakota<br>State Convention<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=June 9, 1980 |title=DEMOCRATS GIVE KENNEDY SLIGHT EDGE |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/347525807 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Bismarck Tribune |location=Bismarck, North Dakota|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 1, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>
|14 <small>(of 14)</small>
|14 <small>(of 14)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''7 Del.'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''7 Del.'''
Line 898: Line 939:
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" | June 14
| rowspan="5" | June 14
|Colorado<br>State Convention<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=June 16, 1980 |title=CARTER ADDS A FEW DELEGATES AT WEEKEND STATE CONVENTIONS |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/696539848 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Wichita Eagle |location=Wichita Kansas|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 1, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>
|Colorado<br>State Convention<ref name="The Wichita Eagle-1980">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=June 16, 1980 |title=CARTER ADDS A FEW DELEGATES AT WEEKEND STATE CONVENTIONS |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/696539848 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Wichita Eagle |location=Wichita Kansas|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 1, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>
|13 <small>(of 40)</small>
|13 <small>(of 40)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''6 Del.'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''6 Del.'''
Line 907: Line 948:
|3 Del.
|3 Del.
|-
|-
|Colorado<br>District Conventions{{Efn|Only four of five districts held conventions on this date.|name=|group=}}{{Efn|This is an assumption; no sources were found for the other District Conventions, but they occurred sometime before or during the State Convention.|name=|group=}}<ref>{{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=June 16, 1980 |title=CARTER ADDS A FEW DELEGATES AT WEEKEND STATE CONVENTIONS |trans-title= |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/696539848 |url-status= |language=English |work=The Wichita Eagle |location=Wichita Kansas|archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 1, 2024 |via= |quote=}}</ref>
|Colorado<br>District Conventions{{Efn|Only four of five districts held conventions on this date.|name=|group=}}{{Efn|This is an assumption; no sources were found for the other District Conventions, but they occurred sometime before or during the State Convention.|name=|group=}}<ref name="The Wichita Eagle-1980"/>
|21 <small>(of 40)</small>
|21 <small>(of 40)</small>
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''11 Del.'''
| style="background:#ee9f9f;" |'''11 Del.'''
Line 1,029: Line 1,070:
| style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"|
| style="border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;"|
;U.S. Senators
;U.S. Senators
* Senator [[John Glenn]] of [[Ohio]]<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |title=1980 Ohio Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36216 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828114006/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36216 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Senator [[John Glenn]] of [[Ohio]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-2">{{cite web |title=1980 Ohio Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36216 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828114006/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36216 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*Senator [[Joe Biden]] of Delaware
*Senator [[Joe Biden]] of Delaware
*Senator [[Abraham Ribicoff]] of [[Connecticut]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
*Senator [[Abraham Ribicoff]] of [[Connecticut]]<ref name="Broder">{{cite news |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
;Federal Officials
;Federal officials
* Former United Nations Ambassador [[Andrew Young]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Former United Nations Ambassador [[Andrew Young]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
;Governors
;Governors
* Governor [[Edward J. King]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Massachusetts Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36159 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828113134/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36159 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Governor [[Edward J. King]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Massachusetts Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36159 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828113134/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36159 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Governor [[Brendan T. Byrne]] of [[New Jersey]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Governor [[Brendan T. Byrne]] of [[New Jersey]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
;State Officials
;State officials
* Treasurer [[Gertrude Donahey]] of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* Treasurer [[Gertrude Donahey]] of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
* Secretary of State [[Anthony J. Celebrezze, Jr.]], of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* Secretary of State [[Anthony J. Celebrezze, Jr.]], of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
* State Senate president [[Oliver Ocasek]] of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* State Senate president [[Oliver Ocasek]] of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
* State Representative [[Mary O. Boyle]] of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* State Representative [[Mary O. Boyle]] of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
;Municipal Officials
;Municipal officials
* Mayor [[Dianne Feinstein]] of [[San Francisco]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Mayor [[Dianne Feinstein]] of [[San Francisco]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* Mayor [[Maynard Jackson]] of [[Atlanta]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Mayor [[Maynard Jackson]] of [[Atlanta]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* Mayor [[William Donald Schaefer]] of [[Baltimore]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=1980 Maryland Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=439704 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111041/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=439704 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Mayor [[William Donald Schaefer]] of [[Baltimore]]<ref name="Our Campaigns">{{cite web |title=1980 Maryland Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=439704 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111041/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=439704 |url-status=live }}</ref>
;Individuals
;Individuals
* [[Glenn Watts]], President of the Communications Workers of America<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Glenn Watts]], President of the Communications Workers of America<ref name="Broder"/>
* Singer [[Johnny Cash]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[Johnny Cash]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[Tom T. Hall]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[Tom T. Hall]]<ref name="post"/>
Line 1,064: Line 1,105:
;U.S. Senators
;U.S. Senators
* Senator [[Robert Byrd]] of West Virginia, Senate Majority Leader
* Senator [[Robert Byrd]] of West Virginia, Senate Majority Leader
* Senator [[George McGovern]] of South Dakota, former presidential candidate<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/27/archives/mcgovern-for-kennedy-as-democratic-nominee.html |title=McGovern for Kennedy As Democratic Nominee |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=July 27, 1979 |website=New York Times Archives |publisher=New York Times |access-date=February 13, 2024|quote=}}</ref>
* Senator [[George McGovern]] of South Dakota, former presidential candidate<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/27/archives/mcgovern-for-kennedy-as-democratic-nominee.html |title=McGovern for Kennedy As Democratic Nominee |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=July 27, 1979 |website=New York Times Archives |access-date=February 13, 2024|quote=}}</ref>
* Senator [[Howard Metzenbaum]] of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* Senator [[Howard Metzenbaum]] of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
* Senator [[Henry M. "Scoop" Jackson]] of Washington
* Senator [[Henry M. "Scoop" Jackson]] of Washington
* Ambassador at Large and United States Coordinator for Refugee Affairs and Former Senator [[Dick Clark (Iowa politician)|Dick Clark]] of Iowa<ref>{{cite news| title=Carter loses Clark to Kennedy's Camp|newspaper=The New York Times | date=October 31, 1979 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/31/archives/carter-loses-clark-to-kennedys-camp-move-by-the-exsenator-is-seen.html | access-date=February 11, 2024}}</ref>
* Ambassador at Large and United States Coordinator for Refugee Affairs and Former Senator [[Dick Clark (Iowa politician)|Dick Clark]] of Iowa<ref>{{cite news| title=Carter loses Clark to Kennedy's Camp|newspaper=The New York Times | date=October 31, 1979 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/31/archives/carter-loses-clark-to-kennedys-camp-move-by-the-exsenator-is-seen.html | access-date=February 11, 2024}}</ref>
* Senator [[Harrison A. Williams]] of [[New Jersey]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45441843/the_heraldnews/ |title=Sen. Williams to head Kennedy N.J. campaign |date=January 16, 1980 |work=The Herald-News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200223032401/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45441843/the_heraldnews/ |archive-date=February 23, 2020 |page=45 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* Senator [[Harrison A. Williams]] of [[New Jersey]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45441843/the_heraldnews/ |title=Sen. Williams to head Kennedy N.J. campaign |date=January 16, 1980 |work=The Herald-News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200223032401/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45441843/the_heraldnews/ |archive-date=February 23, 2020 |page=45 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* Former Senator [[William Hathaway]] of [[Maine]]<ref name="Maine endorsements">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45513551/the_tennessean/ |title=Ted Kennedy Bounces Back |date=February 6, 1980 |work=The Tennessean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200224032937/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45513551/the_tennessean/ |archive-date=February 24, 2020 |page=17 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* Former Senator [[William Hathaway]] of [[Maine]]<ref name="Maine endorsements">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45513551/the_tennessean/ |title=Ted Kennedy Bounces Back |date=February 6, 1980 |work=The Tennessean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200224032937/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45513551/the_tennessean/ |archive-date=February 24, 2020 |page=17 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* Senator [[Paul Tsongas]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref>"Key state Democrats endorse Ted Kennedy". The Berkshire Eagle. December 28, 1979. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 22, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* Senator [[Paul Tsongas]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref name="Key state Democrats endorse Ted Kennedy">"Key state Democrats endorse Ted Kennedy". The Berkshire Eagle. December 28, 1979. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 22, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
;House of Representatives
;House of Representatives
* Representative [[Ed Markey]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref>"Key state Democrats endorse Ted Kennedy". The Berkshire Eagle. December 28, 1979. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 22, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* Representative [[Ed Markey]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref name="Key state Democrats endorse Ted Kennedy"/>
* Representative [[Paul Simon (politician)|Paul Simon]] of Illinois<ref name="auto2" />
* Representative [[Paul Simon (politician)|Paul Simon]] of Illinois<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
* Representative [[Chris Dodd]] of [[Connecticut]]<ref name="auto4">{{cite web |title=1980 Connecticut Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36173 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111259/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36173 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Representative [[Chris Dodd]] of [[Connecticut]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-5">{{cite web |title=1980 Connecticut Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36173 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111259/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36173 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Representative [[Toby Moffett]] of Connecticut<ref name="auto4" />
* Representative [[Toby Moffett]] of Connecticut<ref name="Our Campaigns-5" />
* Representative [[William R. Ratchford]] of Connecticut<ref name="auto4" />
* Representative [[William R. Ratchford]] of Connecticut<ref name="Our Campaigns-5" />
* Representative [[William R. Cotter (politician)|William R. Cotter]] of Connecticut<ref name="auto4" />
* Representative [[William R. Cotter (politician)|William R. Cotter]] of Connecticut<ref name="Our Campaigns-5" />
* Representative [[Eugene Atkinson]] of [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="auto3" />
* Representative [[Eugene Atkinson]] of [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-4" />
* Representative [[Barbara Mikulski]] of Maryland<ref name="auto" />
* Representative [[Barbara Mikulski]] of Maryland<ref name="Our Campaigns" />
* Representative [[Louis Stokes]] of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* Representative [[Louis Stokes]] of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
* Representative [[Mo Udall]] of Arizona<ref name="Broder"/>
* Representative [[Mo Udall]] of Arizona<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* Representative [[Shirley Chisholm]] of New York<ref name="Black caucus endorsement">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/1980-carter-vs-kennedy-left-african-americans-feeling-ignored-n1029591 |title=1980: Carter vs. Kennedy left African Americans feeling ignored |date=29 July 2019 |work=Daily News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190917204512/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/1980-carter-vs-kennedy-left-african-americans-feeling-ignored-n1029591 |archive-date=17 September 2019 |via=[[NBC]]}}</ref>
* Representative [[Shirley Chisholm]] of New York<ref name="Black caucus endorsement">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/1980-carter-vs-kennedy-left-african-americans-feeling-ignored-n1029591 |title=1980: Carter vs. Kennedy left African Americans feeling ignored |date=29 July 2019 |work=Daily News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190917204512/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/1980-carter-vs-kennedy-left-african-americans-feeling-ignored-n1029591 |archive-date=17 September 2019 |via=[[NBC]]}}</ref>
* Representative [[Walter Fauntroy]] of the [[District of Columbia]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45902894/lansing-state-journal/ |title=Teedy keeps plugging even if he's not winning |date=March 23, 1980 |work=Lansing State Journal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200301055046/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45902894/lansing-state-journal/ |archive-date=March 1, 2020 |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* Representative [[Walter Fauntroy]] of the [[District of Columbia]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45902894/lansing-state-journal/ |title=Teedy keeps plugging even if he's not winning |date=March 23, 1980 |work=Lansing State Journal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200301055046/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45902894/lansing-state-journal/ |archive-date=March 1, 2020 |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
;Cabinet Officials
;Cabinet officials
* [[Stewart Udall]], 37th [[United States Secretary of the Interior]] (1961-1969)<ref name="JFK endorsements">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45567787/the-los-angeles-times/ |title=Kennedy Fails to Inherit New Frontiersmen |date=February 17, 1980 |work=The Los Angeles Times |page=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Stewart Udall]], 37th [[United States Secretary of the Interior]] (1961–1969)<ref name="JFK endorsements">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45567787/the-los-angeles-times/ |title=Kennedy Fails to Inherit New Frontiersmen |date=February 17, 1980 |work=The Los Angeles Times |page=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Roswell Gilpatrick]], 10th [[Deputy Secretary of Defense]] (1961-1964)<ref>"Kennedy Fails to Inherit New Frontiersmen". The Los Angeles Times. February 17, 1980. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* [[Roswell Gilpatrick]], 10th [[Deputy Secretary of Defense]] (1961–1964)<ref>"Kennedy Fails to Inherit New Frontiersmen". The Los Angeles Times. February 17, 1980. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
;Governors
;Governors
* Governor [[Joseph E. Brennan|Joseph Brennan]] of [[Maine]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Governor [[Joseph E. Brennan|Joseph Brennan]] of [[Maine]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* Former Governor [[Rafael Hernandez Colon]] of [[Puerto Rico]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Puerto Rico Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36155 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111948/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36155 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Former Governor [[Rafael Hernandez Colon]] of [[Puerto Rico]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Puerto Rico Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36155 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111948/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36155 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Former Governor [[Patrick Lucey]] of [[Wisconsin]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Wisconsin Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36178 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=May 7, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828105350/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36178 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Former Governor [[Patrick Lucey]] of [[Wisconsin]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 Wisconsin Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36178 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=May 7, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828105350/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36178 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Former Governor [[Michael DiSalle]] of Ohio<ref name="auto1" />
* Former Governor [[Michael DiSalle]] of Ohio<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
* Former Governor [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref>"Kennedy stresses Dukakis support". Google News Search Archive. The Free-Lance Star. June 16, 1988. p. 23. Retrieved 2 December 2023. Even Kennedy is said by friends to have laughed at that idea when it was first proposed. Kennedy denies this, and he has loyally stumped the country for his governor, reciprocating the support that Michael S. Dukakis gave Kennedy's unsuccessful presidential candidate in 1980."</ref>
* Former Governor [[Michael Dukakis]] of [[Massachusetts]]<ref>"Kennedy stresses Dukakis support". Google News Search Archive. The Free-Lance Star. June 16, 1988. p. 23. Retrieved 2 December 2023. Even Kennedy is said by friends to have laughed at that idea when it was first proposed. Kennedy denies this, and he has loyally stumped the country for his governor, reciprocating the support that Michael S. Dukakis gave Kennedy's unsuccessful presidential candidate in 1980."</ref>
* Former Governor [[Thomas P. Salmon]] of [[Vermont]]<ref>"Open Letter". The Burlington Free Press. March 4, 1980. p. 26. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* Former Governor [[Thomas P. Salmon]] of [[Vermont]]<ref name="Open Letter">"Open Letter". The Burlington Free Press. March 4, 1980. p. 26. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
;State Officials
;State officials
* [[Thomas P. O'Neill III]], 65th [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]] (1975–1983)<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44244256/the_boston_globe/ |title=King is backing Carter |date=November 9, 1979 |work=The Boston Globe |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214160715/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44244256/the_boston_globe/ |archive-date=February 14, 2020 |page=20 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Thomas P. O'Neill III]], 65th [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]] (1975–1983)<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44244256/the_boston_globe/ |title=King is backing Carter |date=November 9, 1979 |work=The Boston Globe |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214160715/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/44244256/the_boston_globe/ |archive-date=February 14, 2020 |page=20 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Tom Miller (politician)|Tom Miller]], [[Attorney General of Iowa]]<ref>"North Is Warm, But Uncommitted, To Ted Kennedy". Petoskey News-Review. November 15, 1979. p. 12. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* [[Tom Miller (politician)|Tom Miller]], [[Attorney General of Iowa]]<ref>"North Is Warm, But Uncommitted, To Ted Kennedy". Petoskey News-Review. November 15, 1979. p. 12. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
Line 1,101: Line 1,142:
* [[Bill Christiansen]], Former [[Lieutenant Governor of Montana]]<ref name="Montana endorsements">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45354897/great_falls_tribune/ |title=Kennedy steering committee formed |date=December 8, 1979 |work=Great Falls Tribune |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200221222518/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45354897/great_falls_tribune/ |archive-date=February 21, 2020 |page=13 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Bill Christiansen]], Former [[Lieutenant Governor of Montana]]<ref name="Montana endorsements">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45354897/great_falls_tribune/ |title=Kennedy steering committee formed |date=December 8, 1979 |work=Great Falls Tribune |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200221222518/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45354897/great_falls_tribune/ |archive-date=February 21, 2020 |page=13 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Frank Murray (politician)|Frank Murray]], [[Secretary of State of Montana]]<ref>"Kennedy steering committee formed". Great Falls Tribune. December 8, 1979. p. 13. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* [[Frank Murray (politician)|Frank Murray]], [[Secretary of State of Montana]]<ref>"Kennedy steering committee formed". Great Falls Tribune. December 8, 1979. p. 13. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* State Representative [[Frank Giglio]] of [[Illinois]]<ref name="auto2" />
* State Representative [[Frank Giglio]] of [[Illinois]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
* State Senator [[Julian Bond]] of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* State Senator [[Julian Bond]] of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]<ref name="Broder"/>
;Municipal Officials
;Municipal officials
* Mayor [[Jane Byrne]] of Chicago<ref name="auto2" />
* Mayor [[Jane Byrne]] of Chicago<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
* City Treasurer [[Cecil A. Partee]] of [[Chicago]]<ref name="auto2">{{cite web |title=1980 Illinois Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36171 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828122904/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36171 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* City Treasurer [[Cecil A. Partee]] of [[Chicago]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-3">{{cite web |title=1980 Illinois Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36171 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828122904/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36171 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Alderman [[Edward Vrdolyak]] of Chicago's 10th Ward<ref name="auto2" />
* Alderman [[Edward Vrdolyak]] of Chicago's 10th Ward<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
* Alderman [[Wilson Frost]] of Chicago's 34th Ward<ref name="auto2" />
* Alderman [[Wilson Frost]] of Chicago's 34th Ward<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
* Alderman [[Eugene Sawyer]] of Chicago's 6th Ward<ref name="auto2" />
* Alderman [[Eugene Sawyer]] of Chicago's 6th Ward<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
*[[Francis J. Caine]], Former [[Mayor of Burlington, Vermont]]<ref>"Open Letter". The Burlington Free Press. March 4, 1980. p. 26. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
*[[Francis J. Caine]], Former [[Mayor of Burlington, Vermont]]<ref name="Open Letter"/>
*[[Richard Fulton]], [[Mayor of Nashville, Tennessee]]<ref>"Kennedy 'Invades' The South". The Miami Herald. November 10, 1979. p. 41. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
*[[Richard Fulton]], [[Mayor of Nashville, Tennessee]]<ref>"Kennedy 'Invades' The South". The Miami Herald. November 10, 1979. p. 41. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
*[[Earle Grueskin]], Former [[Mayor of Sioux City, Iowa]]<ref>"Kennedy chairmen named". Sioux City Journal. December 4, 1979. p. 9. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
*[[Earle Grueskin]], Former [[Mayor of Sioux City, Iowa]]<ref>"Kennedy chairmen named". Sioux City Journal. December 4, 1979. p. 9. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>
* Mayor [[William J. Green III]] of [[Philadelphia]]<ref name="auto3">{{cite web |title=1980 Pennsylvania Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36182 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828114309/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36182 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Mayor [[William J. Green III]] of [[Philadelphia]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-4">{{cite web |title=1980 Pennsylvania Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36182 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828114309/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36182 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Carol Bellamy]], President of the [[New York City Council]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Carol Bellamy]], President of the [[New York City Council]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Former Mayor [[Jerry Springer]] of [[Cincinnati]]<ref name="auto1" />
* Former Mayor [[Jerry Springer]] of [[Cincinnati]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
;Party Officials
;Party officials
* [[Cuyahoga County]] Democratic Party chairman [[Tim Hagan]]<ref name="auto1" />
* [[Cuyahoga County]] Democratic Party chairman [[Tim Hagan]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-2" />
;Labor Unions
;Labor unions
*[[AFL-CIO]]<ref>Cohen, Marty (May 15, 2009). The Party Decides: Presidential Nominations Before and After Reform. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-226-11238-1 – via Google Books.</ref>
*[[AFL-CIO]]<ref>Cohen, Marty (May 15, 2009). The Party Decides: Presidential Nominations Before and After Reform. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-226-11238-1 – via Google Books.</ref>
*[[United Automobile Workers]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45198843/the_akron_beacon_journal/ |title=United Automobile Workers |date=November 22, 1979 |work=The Akron Beacon Journal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200219160820/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45198843/the_akron_beacon_journal/ |archive-date=February 19, 2020 |page=120 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
*[[United Automobile Workers]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45198843/the_akron_beacon_journal/ |title=United Automobile Workers |date=November 22, 1979 |work=The Akron Beacon Journal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200219160820/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/45198843/the_akron_beacon_journal/ |archive-date=February 19, 2020 |page=120 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
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* [[Americans for Democratic Action]]<ref name="ADA endorsement">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/32059772/daily_news/ |title=ADA snubs Carter, says Ted's its man |date=25 June 1979 |work=Daily News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109144402/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/32059772/daily_news/ |archive-date=9 November 2019 |page=468 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* [[Americans for Democratic Action]]<ref name="ADA endorsement">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/32059772/daily_news/ |title=ADA snubs Carter, says Ted's its man |date=25 June 1979 |work=Daily News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109144402/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/32059772/daily_news/ |archive-date=9 November 2019 |page=468 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
;Individuals
;Individuals
* [[Douglas A. Fraser]], President of the [[United Auto Workers]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broder |first1=David |title=Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/08/12/kennedy-ends-fight-for-nomination/93b313cd-2fac-4f9e-a2e8-1d8241e3f9e8/ |website=The Washington Post |publisher=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Douglas A. Fraser]], President of the [[United Auto Workers]]<ref name="Broder"/>
* Author [[Norman Mailer]] of [[New York (state)|New York]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 New York Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36174 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111652/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36174 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Author [[Norman Mailer]] of [[New York (state)|New York]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 New York Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36174 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828111652/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36174 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Actor [[Warren Beatty]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 California Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36207 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828113418/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36207 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="post"/>
* Actor [[Warren Beatty]]<ref>{{cite web |title=1980 California Democratic Primary |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36207 |website=Our Campaigns |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828113418/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36207 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="post"/>
Line 1,135: Line 1,176:
* Actor [[Jack Lemmon]]<ref name="post"/>
* Actor [[Jack Lemmon]]<ref name="post"/>
* Actress [[Eva Marie Saint]]<ref name="post"/>
* Actress [[Eva Marie Saint]]<ref name="post"/>
* Actor [[Carroll O'Connor]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Ted (Edward Moore) Kennedy [Democratic] 1980 Campaign Ad “Green Archie B" |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNgwxYZhr0c |website=Youtube |publisher=Congressional Archives Carl Albert Center |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* Actor [[Carroll O'Connor]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Ted (Edward Moore) Kennedy [Democratic] 1980 Campaign Ad "Green Archie B" |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNgwxYZhr0c |website=Youtube | date=September 15, 2020 |publisher=Congressional Archives Carl Albert Center |access-date=June 17, 2024}}</ref>
* [[J. B. Pritzker]], high school student and member of the [[Pritzker family]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/10/05/pritzker-rauner-illinois-governor-2018-221079/|website=Politico|title=The Worst Job in American Politics|date=October 5, 2018|last1=Meyer|first1=Theoderic|accessdate=November 2, 2021}}</ref>
* [[J. B. Pritzker]], high school student and member of the [[Pritzker family]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/10/05/pritzker-rauner-illinois-governor-2018-221079/|website=Politico|title=The Worst Job in American Politics|date=October 5, 2018|last1=Meyer|first1=Theoderic|accessdate=November 2, 2021}}</ref>
* Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union Local 617 president [[Phil Hare]]<ref name="auto2" />
* Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union Local 617 president [[Phil Hare]]<ref name="Our Campaigns-3" />
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |
| style="text-align:center;" |
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* Actress [[Jane Fonda]]<ref name="post"/>
* Actress [[Jane Fonda]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[Helen Reddy]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[Helen Reddy]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[Linda Rondstadt]]<ref name="post">{{cite web |title=Politics and Hollywood
* Singer [[Linda Rondstadt]]<ref name="post">{{cite news |title=Politics and Hollywood
|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/03/09/politics-and-hollywood/586384d1-c5ef-45d5-a794-6005cd2705bd/|date=8 March 1980}}</ref>
|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/03/09/politics-and-hollywood/586384d1-c5ef-45d5-a794-6005cd2705bd/|date=8 March 1980}}</ref>
* Singer [[J. D. Souther]]<ref name="post"/>
* Singer [[JD Souther]]<ref name="post"/>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |
| style="text-align:center;" |
Line 1,208: Line 1,249:
{{U.S. presidential primaries}}
{{U.S. presidential primaries}}
{{Jimmy Carter}}
{{Jimmy Carter}}
{{Walter Mondale}}
{{Ted Kennedy}}
{{Ted Kennedy}}
{{Democratic Party (United States)}}
{{Democratic Party (United States)}}

Latest revision as of 23:44, 29 December 2024

1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries

← 1976 January 21 to June 3, 1980 1984 →

3,346 delegates to the Democratic National Convention
1,674 (majority) votes needed to win
 
Candidate Jimmy Carter Ted Kennedy Uncommitted
Home state Georgia Massachusetts
Delegate count 1,984 [a][1] 1,237 [b][1] 96
Contests won 37 13 1
Popular vote 10,043,016 7,381,693 1,288,423
Percentage 51.1% 37.6% 6.6%

     Carter      Kennedy      Uncommitted

Previous Democratic nominee

Jimmy Carter

Democratic nominee

Jimmy Carter

From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1980 United States presidential election. Incumbent President Jimmy Carter was again selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses, culminating in the 1980 Democratic National Convention, held from August 11 to 14, 1980, in New York City.

Carter faced a major primary challenger in Senator Ted Kennedy of Massachusetts, who won 12 contests and received more than seven million votes nationwide, enough for him to refuse to concede the nomination until the second day of the convention. This remains the last primary election in which an incumbent president's party nomination was still contested going into the convention.

Jimmy Carter would be the last incumbent president to lose a primary in any contest, until Joe Biden lost to Jason Palmer in the 2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses.[2] For the Democrats in 1980 a then-record of 37 primary races were held.[3]

Primary race

[edit]

At the time, Iran was experiencing a major uprising that severely damaged its oil infrastructure and greatly weakened its capability to produce oil.[4] In January 1979, shortly after Iran's leader Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi fled the country, lead Iranian opposition figure Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned from a 14-year exile and with the help of the Iranian people toppled the Shah which in turn led to the installation of a new government that was hostile towards the United States.[4] The damage that resulted from Khomeini's rise to power was soon felt throughout many American cities.[4] In the spring and summer of 1979 inflation was on the rise and various parts of the country were experiencing energy shortages.[5] The gas lines last seen just after the Arab/Israeli war of 1973 were back and President Carter was widely blamed.

President Carter's approval ratings were very low—28% according to Gallup,[6] with some other polls giving even lower numbers. In July Carter returned from Camp David and announced a reshuffling of his cabinet on national television, giving a speech whose downcast demeanor resulted in it being widely labelled the "malaise speech." While the speech caused a brief upswing in the president's approval rating, the decision to dismiss several cabinet members was widely seen as a rash act of desperation, causing his approval rating to plummet back into the twenties. Some Democrats felt it worth the risk to mount a challenge to Carter in the primaries. Although Hugh Carey and William Proxmire decided not to run, Senator Edward M. Kennedy finally made his long-expected run at the presidency.

Ted Kennedy had been asked to take his brother Robert's place at the 1968 Democratic National Convention and had refused. He ran for Senate Majority Whip in 1969, with many thinking that he was going to use this as a platform for the 1972 race.[7] However, then came the notorious Chappaquiddick incident that killed Kennedy's car passenger Mary Jo Kopechne. Kennedy subsequently refused to run for president in 1972 and 1976. Many of his supporters suspected that Chappaquiddick had destroyed any ability he had to win on a national level. Despite this, in the summer of 1979, Kennedy consulted with his extended family, and that fall, he let it leak out that because of Carter's failings, 1980 might indeed be the year he would try for the nomination. Gallup had him beating the president by over two to one, but Carter remained confident, famously claiming at a June White House gathering of Congressmen that if Kennedy ran against him in the primary, he would "whip his ass."[8]

Kennedy's official announcement was scheduled for early November. A television interview with Roger Mudd of CBS a few days before the announcement went badly, however. Kennedy gave an "incoherent and repetitive"[9] answer to the question of why he was running, and the polls, which showed him leading the President by 58–25 in August now had him ahead 49–39.[10] Meanwhile, U.S. animosity towards the Khomeini régime greatly accelerated after 52 American hostages were taken by a group of Islamist students and militants at the U.S. embassy in Tehran and Carter's approval ratings jumped in the 60-percent range in some polls, due to a "rally ‘round the flag" effect[11] and an appreciation of Carter's calm handling of the crisis. Kennedy was suddenly left far behind. Carter beat Kennedy decisively in Iowa and New Hampshire. Carter decisively defeated Kennedy everywhere except Massachusetts, until impatience began to build with the President's strategy on Iran. When the primaries in New York and Connecticut came around, it was Kennedy who won.

Momentum built for Ted Kennedy after Carter's attempt to rescue the hostages on April 25 ended in disaster and drew further skepticism towards Carter's leadership ability.[12] Nevertheless, Carter was still able to maintain a substantial lead even after Kennedy won the key states of California and New Jersey in June. Despite this, Kennedy refused to drop out, and the 1980 Democratic National Convention was one of the nastiest on record. On the penultimate day, Kennedy conceded the nomination and called for a more liberal party platform in the Dream Shall Never Die speech, considered by many as the best speech of his career, and one of the best political speeches of the 20th Century.[13] On the stage on the final day, Kennedy for the most part ignored Carter.

Candidates

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]
Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign Popular vote Contests won Running mate
Jimmy Carter President of the United States
(1977–1981)
 Georgia
(CampaignPositions)
Secured nomination: August 11, 1980
10,043,016
(51.13%)
36
IA, ME, NH, VT, AL, FL, GA, PR, IL, KS, WI, LA, TX, IN, NC, TN, NE, MD, OK, AR ID, KY, NV, MT, OH, WV, MO, OR, WA
Walter Mondale

Other convention candidates

[edit]
Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign Popular vote Contests won
Ted Kennedy U.S. Senator
from Massachusetts
(1962–2009)
 Massachusetts

(Campaign)
Withdrew at convention: August 11, 1980

7,381,693
(37.58%)
12
AZ, MA, CT, NY, PA, ND, DC, CA, NJ, NM, RI, SD, VT, AK, MI

Withdrew during primaries

[edit]
Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign Popular vote Contests won
Jerry Brown Governor of
California

(1975–1983)
 California

(Campaign)
Withdrew: April 2, 1980

575,296
(2.93%)
None

Minor candidates

[edit]
Lyndon LaRouche Cliff Finch Alice Tripp
No Elected Office Governor
of Mississippi
(1976–1980)
No Elected Office
177,784 votes 48,032 votes No votes

Far-right politician David Duke tried to run for the Democratic presidential nomination. Despite being six years too young to be qualified to run for president, Duke attempted to place his name onto the ballot in twelve states stating that he wanted to be a power broker who could "select issues and form a platform representing the majority of this country" at the Democratic National Convention.[14][15]

Results

[edit]

Tablemaker's Note:[c]

Date
(daily totals)
Contest Total
pledged delegates
Delegates won and popular vote
Jimmy Carter Ted Kennedy Jerry Brown Lyndon LaRouche Others Uncommitted
January 21 Iowa
Caucuses
[16][d]
3,220 SDs
0 (of 50) 1,830 SDs
(56.83%)
968 SDs
(30.06%)
- - - 297 SDs
(9.22%)
February 10 Maine
Caucuses[17][e]
2,247 SDs
33,326
0 (of 50) 1,017 SDs
(45.26%)
14,528
(43.59%)
847 SDs
(37.69%)
13,384
(40.16%)
263 SDs
(11.70%)
4,626
(13.88%)
- - 52 SDs
(2.31%)
793
(2.38%)
February 26 Minnesota
Caucuses[18][f]
0 (of 75) (~73.7%) (~10.4%) - - - -
New Hampshire
Primary
[19]
111,930
19 (of 19) 10 Del.
52,692
(47.08%)
9 Del.
41,745
(37.30%)
10,743
(9.60%)
2,326
(2.08%)
4,424 WI
(3.95%)
-
March 4 Massachusetts
Primary
[20]
907,323
111 (of 111) 34 Del.
260,401
(28.70%)
77 Del.
590,393
(65.07%)
31,498
(3.47%)
- 5,368 WI
(0.59%)
19,663
(2.17%)
Vermont
Primary[21]
39,703
0 (of 12) 29,015
(73.08%)
10,135
(25.53%)
358 WI
(0.90%)
6 WI
(0.02%)
189
(0.48%)
-
March 8 Iowa
County Conventions[22]
3,220 SDs
0 (of 50) 1,966 SDs
(61.06%)
1,116 SDs
(34.66%)
- - - 121 SDs
(3.76%)
March 11 Alabama
Primary[23]
237,464
45 (of 45) 43 Del.
193,734
(81.59%)
2 Del.
31,382
(13.22%)
9,529
(4.01%)
1,149
(0.48%)
- 1,670
(0.70%)
Alaska
Caucuses[24][g]
2,367 SDs
0 (of 11) 392 SDs
(16.56%)
110 SDs
(4.65%)
10 SDs
(0.42%)
- - 847 SDs
(35.78%)
Florida
Primary[25]
1,098,003
99 (of 99) 76 Del.
666,321
(60.69%)
23 Del.
254,727
(23.20%)
53,474
(4.87%)
- 19,160
(1.75%)
1 Del.104,321
(9.50%)
Georgia
Primary[26]
384,780
63 (of 63) 62 Del.
338,772
(88.04%)
1 Del.
32,315
(8.40%)
7,255
(1.89%)
- 2,731
(0.71%)
3,707 [h]
(0.96%)
Oklahoma
Caucuses[27][i]
0 (of 42) 4,638 CDs
(76.07%)
593 CDs
(9.74%)
19 CDs
(0.31%)
- - 847 CDs
(13.89%)
March 15 Mississippi
Caucuses[27][j]
0 (of 32) (~78%) (~5%) (~1%) - (~1%) (~16%)
South Carolina
Caucuses[28][k]
11,107 CDs
0 (of 37) 7,035 CDs
(63.34%)
579 CDs
(5.21%)
7 CDs
(0.06%)
- - 3,486 CDs
(31.39%)
March 16 Puerto Rico
Primary[29]
870,235
41 (of 41) 21 Del.
449,681
(51.67%)
20 Del.
418,068
(48.04%)
1,660
(0.19%)
- 826
(0.10%)
-
March 18 Illinois
Pres. Primary[30]
1,201,067
0 (of 179) 780,787
(65.01%)
359,875
(29.96%)
39,168
(3.26%)
19,192
(1.60%)
2,045 WI
(1.77%)
-
Illinois
Del. Primary[31]
179 (of 179) 165 Del. 14 Del. - - - -
Washington
Caucuses[32]
9,811 CDs
0 (of 57) 5,264 CDs
(53.65%)
2,491 CDs
(25.39%)
63 CDs
(0.64%)
- - 1,993 CDs
(20.31%)
March 22 Virginia
Caucuses[33][l]
2,999 SDs
0 (of 64) 2,169 SDs
(72.32%)
355 SDs
(11.84%)
1 SD
(0.03%)
- - 186 SDs
(6.20%)
March 24 South Carolina
County Conventions[34][m]
11,107 CDs
0 (of 37) (~69%) (~6%) - - - (~25%)
March 25 Connecticut
Primary[35]
210,275
54 (of 54) 25 Del.
87,207
(41.47%)
29 Del.
98,662
(46.92%)
5,386
(2.56%)
5,617
(2.67%)
- 13,403
(6.37%)
New York
Primary[36][37]
989,062
282 (of 282) 118 Del.
406,305
(41.08%)
164 Del.
582,757
(58.92%)
- - - -
March 29 Oklahoma
County Conventions[38]
932 SDs
0 (of 42) 723 SDs
(77.58%)
88 SDs
(9.44%)
- - 1 SDs
(0.11%)
120 SDs
(12.88%)
April 1 Kansas
Primary[39]
193,918
37 (of 37) 23 Del.
109,807
(56.63%)
14 Del.
61,318
(31.62%)
9,434
(4.87%)
- 2,196[n]
(1.13%)
9,434
(4.87%)
Wisconsin
Primary[40]
629,619
75 (of 75) 48 Del.
353,662
(56.17%)
26 Del.
189,520
(30.10%)
1 Del.
74,496
(11.83%)
6,896
(1.10%)
2,351[o]
(0.37%)
2,694
(0.43%)
April 5 Louisiana
Primary[41]
358,741
51 (of 51) 39 Del.
199,956
(55.74%)
12 Del.
80,797
(22.52%)
16,774
(4.68%)
- 19,600[p]
(5.46%)
41,614
(11.60%)
April 6 Mississippi
District Conventions[42]
22 (of 32) 22 Del. - - - - -
April 12 Arizona
Caucuses[17][q]
19,600
0 (of 29) 8,342
(42.56%)
10,241
(52.25%)
95
(0.49%)
- 8 [r]
(0.04%)
914
(4.66%)
South Carolina
State Convention[43][s]
37 (of 37) 34 Del. 1 Del. - - - 2 Del.
Virginia
District Conventions[t][44]
23 (of 64) 21 Del. 2 Del. - - - -
April 17 Idaho
Caucuses[45]
380 SDs
17[u] (of 17) 8 Del.
185 SDs
(48.68%)
5 Del.
111 SDs
(29.21%)
- - - 4 Del.
84 SDs
(22.11%)
April 18 Washington
County Conventions[46]
1,310 SDs
0 (of 57) 744 SDs
(56.79%)
368 SDs
(28.09%)
- - - 198 SDs
(15.11%)
April 19 Iowa
District Conventions[47]
34 (of 50) 21 Del. 11 Del. - - - 2 Del.
Minnesota
District Conventions[v][48]
18 (of 75) 12 Del. 1 Del. - - - 5 Del.
Mississippi
District Conventions[49]
10 (of 32) 10 Del. - - - - -
Oklahoma
District Conventions[50]
932 SDs
29 (of 42) 24 Del. 3 Del. - - - 2 Del.
Virginia
District Conventions[w][51]
17 (of 64) 14 Del. 3 Del. - - - -
April 22 Missouri
Caucuses[52]
793 SDs
0 (of 77) 550 SDs
(69.36%)
108 SDs
(13.62%)
- - - 135 SDs
(17.02%)
Pennsylvania
Primary[53]
1,613,223
185 (of 185) 91 Del.
732,332
(45.40%)
94 Del.
736,854
(45.68%)
37,669
(2.34%)
- 12,503 WI
(0.78%)
93,865
(5.82%)
Vermont
Caucuses[54]
1,535 SDs[x]
0 (of 12) 366 SDs
(23.84%)
516 SDs
(33.62%)
- - - 262 SDs
(17.06%)
April 26 Michigan caucuses 141 (of 141) 7,567
46.68%[55]
7,793
48.08%[55]
- - - 5.24%[55]
May 3 Minnesota
District Conventions[y][56]
33 (of 75) 15 Del. 4 Del. - - - 14 Del.
Oklahoma
State Convention[57]
932 SDs
13 (of 42) 10 Del. - - - - 3 Del.
Texas
Primary[58]
1,377,356
0 (of 152) 770,390
(55.93%)
314,129
(22.81%)
35,585
(2.58%)
- - 257,252
(18.68%)
Virginia
District Conventions[z][59]
17 (of 64) 4 Del. - - - - -
May 5 Colorado
Caucuses[aa][60][61][62]
2,918SDs
0 (of 40) 1,174 SDs
(40.23%)
852 SDs
(29.20%)
- - - 892 SDs
(30.57%)
May 6 Washington, D.C.
Primary[63]
64,150
19 (of 19) 8 Del.
23,697
(36.94%)
11 Del.
39,561
(61.67%)
- 892
(1.39%)
- -
Indiana
Primary[64]
589,441
80 (of 80) 53 Del.
398,949
(67.68%)
27 Del.
190,492
(32.32%)
- - - -
North Carolina
Primary[65]
737,262
69 (of 69) 53 Del.
516,778
(70.09%)
13 Del.
130,684
(17.73%)
21,420
(2.91%)
- - 68,380
(9.28%)
Tennessee
Primary[65]
294,680
55 (of 55) 44 Del.
221,658
(75.22%)
11 Del.
53,258
(18.07%)
5,612
(1.90%)
925
(0.31%)
1,684 [ab]
(0.57%)
11,515
(3.91%)
May 10 Texas
Caucuses[66]
3,900 SDs[ac]
0 (of 152) 1,431 SDs
(36.69%)
644 SDs
(16.51%)
- - - 312 SDs
(8.00%)
Wyoming
State Convention[67]
11 (of 11) 8 Del. 3 Del. - - - -
May 13 Maryland
Primary[68]
477,090
30 (of 30) 32 Del.
226,528
(47.48%)
26 Del.
181,091
(37.96%)
14,313
(3.00%)
4,388
(0.92%)
4,891 [ad]
(1.03%)
1 Del.
45,879
(9.62%)
Nebraska
Primary[69]
153,881
24 (of 24) 14 Del.
72,120
(46.87%)
10 Del.
57,826
(37.58%)
5,478
(3.56%)
1,169
(0.76%)
1,247 WI
(0.81%)
16,041
(10.42%)
May 17 Alaska
State Convention[70]
11 (of 11) 0.61 Del. 1.83 Del. - - - 8.56 Del.
Maine
State Convention[71]
22 (of 22) 11 Del. 11 Del. - - - -
Virginia
State Convention[72]
20 (of 64) 20 Del. - - - - -
May 20
(116)
Michigan
Primary[73]
78,424
0 (of 141) - - 23,043
(29.38%)
8,948
(11.41%)
10,048 WI
(12.81%)
36,385
(46.40%)
Oregon
Primary[74]
367,204
39 (of 39) 26 Del.
208,693
(56.83%)
13 Del.
114,651
(31.22%)
34,409
(9.37%)
- 9,451 WI
(2.57%)
-
Utah
Caucuses[75]
3,760
0 (of 20) 1,779
(47.31%)
876
(23.30%)
- - - 1,105
(29.39%)
May 24 Arizona
State Convention[76]
22 (of 22) 13 Del. 16 Del. - - - -
Delaware
State Convention[77]
14 (of 14) 10 Del. 4 Del. - - - -
Vermont
State Convention[78]
12 (of 12) 5 Del. 7 Del. - - - -
May 27 Arkansas
Primary[79][80]
448,290
33 (of 33) 23 Del.
269,375
(60.09%)
5 Del.
78,542
(17.52%)
- - 19,469 [ae]
(4.34%)
5 Del.
80,904
(18.05%)
Idaho
Primary[81]
50,482
0 (of 20) 31,383
(62.17%)
11,087
(21.96%)
2,078
(4.12%)
- - 5,934
(11.76%)
Kentucky
Primary[81]
240,331
50 (of 50) 38 Del.
160,819
(66.92%)
12 Del.
55,167
(22.96%)
- - 5,126 [af]
(2.13%)
19,219
(8.00%)
Nevada
Primary[81]
66,948
12 (of 12) 5 Del.
25,159
(37.58%)
3 Del.
19,296
(28.82%)
- - - 4 Del.
22,493
(33.60%)
May 30 Hawaii
State Convention[82]
19 (of 19) 15 Del. 4 Del. - - - -
May 31 Colorado
District Conventions[ag][83]
6 (of 40) 3 Del. 2 Del. - - - 1 Del.
June 3 California
Primary[84]
3,363,969
298 (of 298) 137 Del.
1,266,276
(37.64%)
167 Del.
1,507,142
(44.80%)
135,962
(4.04%)
71,779
(2.13%)
51 WI
(0.00%)
382,759
(11.38%)
Missouri
District Conventions[ah][85]
53 (of 77) 40 Del. 5 Del. - - - 8 Del.
Montana
Primary[86]
130,059
19 (of 19) 10 Del.
66,922
(51.46%)
9 Del.
47,671
(36.65%)
- - - 15,466
(11.89%)
New Jersey
Pres. Primary[87]
277,977
113 (of 113) 45 Del.
212,387
(37.87%)
68 Del.
315,109
(56.18%)
- 13,913
(2.48%)
- 19,499
(3.48%)
New Mexico
Primary[88]
159,364
20 (of 20) 10 Del.
66,621
(41.80%)
10 Del.
73,721
(46.26%)
- 4,798
(3.01%)
4,490[ai]
(2.82%)
9,734
(6.11%)
Ohio
Primary[89]
1,186,410
161 (of 161) 84 Del.
605,744
(51.06%)
77 Del.
523,874
(44.16%)
- 35,268
(2.97%)
21,524
(1.81%)
-
Rhode Island
Primary[90]
38,327
23 (of 23) 6 Del.
9,907
(25.85%)
17 Del.
26,179
(68.30%)
310
(0.81%)
1,160
(3.03%)
- 771
(2.01%)
South Dakota
Primary[91]
68,763
19 (of 19) 9 Del.
31,251
(45.45%)
10 Del.
33,418
(48.60%)
- - - 4,094
(5.95%)
West Virginia
Primary[92]
317,934
32 (of 32) 24 Del.
197,687
(62.18%)
8 Del.
120,247
(37.82%)
- - - -
June 7 Minnesota
State Convention[93]
24 (of 75) 12 Del. 7 Del. - - - 5 Del.
June 8 North Dakota
State Convention[94]
14 (of 14) 7 Del. 5 Del. - - - 2 Del.
June 14 Colorado
State Convention[95]
13 (of 40) 6 Del. 4 Del. - - - 3 Del.
Colorado
District Conventions[aj][ak][95]
21 (of 40) 11 Del. 8 Del. - - - 2 Del.
Iowa
State Convention[96]
16 (of 50) 10 Del. 6 Del. - - - -
Missouri
State Convention[97]
24 (of 77) 17 Del. - - - - 7 Del.
Washington
State Convention[98]
58 (of 58) 36 Del. 21 Del. - - - 1 Del.
June 21 Texas
State Convention[99]
152 (of 152) 104 Del. 38 Del. - - - 10 Del.
July 12 Utah
State Convention[100]
3,760
20 (of 20) 10 Del. 4 Del. - - - 6 Del.
3,315 delegates
19,649,458 votes
1,979.61
10,043,016
(51.11%)
1,229.83
7,381,693
(37.57%)
1
575,296
(2.93%)
0
177,784
(0.91%)
0
183,246
(0.93%)
96.56
1,288,423
(6.56%)

County Results:[al]

  Carter
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   70–80%
  •   80–90%
  •   90–100%
  Kennedy
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   70–80%
  •   80–90%
  •   90–100%
  Uncommitted
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   70–80%
  •   80–90%
  •   90–100%
  Brown
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  Others
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  Tie
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  No Data

Endorsements

[edit]

Convention

[edit]

Presidential tally[142]

In the vice-presidential roll call, Mondale was re-nominated with 2,428.7 votes to 723.3 not voting and 179 scattering.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ This is an estimate provided by the source.
  2. ^ This is an estimate provided by the source.
  3. ^ This should not be taken as a finalized list of results. While a significant amount of research was done, there were a number of Delegates who were not bound by the instruction, or "Pledged" to a candidate, and to simplify the data these delegates were considered "Uncommitted". Some states also held primaries for the delegate positions, and these on occasion were where slates or candidates pledge to a certain candidate might be elected; however, as these elections allowed for a single person to vote for multiple candidates, as many as the number of positions being filled, it is difficult to determine how many people actually voted in these primaries. For this reason, while the results of some are in the table, they are not included in the popular vote summaries at the bottom of the table.
  4. ^ Three percent of the precincts had not yet reported their results in the source used.
  5. ^ 20 communities of 503 had not yet reported their results in the source used.
  6. ^ Only 98 of 100 precincts were tallied in the source, and only by percentages.
  7. ^ Only 57% of the seats were decided in the source.
  8. ^ Includes 1,378 votes (0.36%) for Cliff Finch, 513 votes (0.13%) for Lyndon LaRouche.
  9. ^ Only 82% of the precincts were called in the source. The number of delegates elected was also unclear.
  10. ^ Only 63% of the delegate selections were given in the source, and only by percentages.
  11. ^ Only 1,079 of 1,629 precincts were called in the source.
  12. ^ Only 90% of meetings were accounted for in the source.
  13. ^ Only 37 of 45 counties were called in the source.
  14. ^ Includes 629 votes (0.32%) for Cliff Finch.
  15. ^ Includes 1,842 votes (0.29%) for Cliff Finch.
  16. ^ Includes 11,153 votes (3.11%) for Cliff Finch.
  17. ^ 8 polling places out of 84 had not yet reported their results in the source used.
  18. ^ Includes 5 votes (0.03%) for Cliff Finch.
  19. ^ Only 37 of 45 counties were called in the source.
  20. ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  21. ^ Delegates were actually picked later at the State Convention on June 28th, but no source around that time specifies this.
  22. ^ Only three of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  23. ^ Only four of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  24. ^ Results only for 1,144 of the 1,535 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
  25. ^ Only five of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  26. ^ Only one of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  27. ^ With only 65% of precincts tallied, no vote beyond percentages.
  28. ^ Includes 1,663 votes (0.56%) for Cliff Finch.
  29. ^ Results only for 2,387 of the 3,900 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
  30. ^ All votes for Cliff Finch.
  31. ^ All votes for Cliff Finch.
  32. ^ Includes 2,517 votes (1.05%) for Cliff Finch.
  33. ^ Only one of five districts held conventions on this date.
  34. ^ All ten districts held conventions on this date.
  35. ^ All votes for Cliff Finch.
  36. ^ Only four of five districts held conventions on this date.
  37. ^ This is an assumption; no sources were found for the other District Conventions, but they occurred sometime before or during the State Convention.
  38. ^ Only partial county returns were available for Arizona and Washington. Additionally, states where no county data was available are shaded according to the statewide winners share of the vote or by the percentage of delegate allocation. Only township level data was available for Connecticut.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "DISENCHANTED". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. July 1, 1980. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
  2. ^ Bickerton, James (March 7, 2024). "Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years". Newsweek. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  3. ^ Kalb, Deborah (2015). GUIDE TO U.S. ELECTIONS. CQ Press. ISBN 9781483380384 – via Google Books. In 1980 a then-record thirty-seven primaries (including those in the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) provided more opportunity for mass participation in the nominating process than ever before.
  4. ^ a b c "Oil Squeeze". Time magazine. February 5, 1979. Archived from the original on March 7, 2008. Retrieved May 22, 2013.
  5. ^ "Inflation-proofing". ConsumerReports.org. February 11, 2010. Archived from the original on March 28, 2010. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
  6. ^ "Poll: Bush approval mark at all-time low". CNN. Archived from the original on April 25, 2009. Retrieved May 1, 2010.
  7. ^ U.S. News & World Report January 1969.
  8. ^ "Press: Whip His What?". Time. June 25, 1979. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  9. ^ Allis, Sam (February 18, 2009). "Chapter 4: Sailing Into the Wind: Losing a quest for the top, finding a new freedom". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved March 10, 2009.
  10. ^ Time Magazine, 11/12/79
  11. ^ Marra, Robin F.; Ostrom, Charles W.; Simon, Dennis M. (January 1, 1990). "Foreign Policy and Presidential Popularity: Creating Windows of Opportunity in the Perpetual Election". The Journal of Conflict Resolution. 34 (4): 588–623. doi:10.1177/0022002790034004002. JSTOR 174181. S2CID 154620443.
  12. ^ "The Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on June 21, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
  13. ^ Kuypers, Jim A., ed. (2004). The Art of Rhetorical Criticism. Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. ISBN 978-0-205-37141-9, p. 185.
  14. ^ "Duke to run". The Times. May 21, 1979. p. 10. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "Ku Klux Klansman egged on Alexandria street". The Times. June 23, 1979. p. 4. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ "IOWA DEMOS PICK CARTER, 2-1". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. January 22, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  17. ^ a b "CARTER GETS 8% LEAD IN CAUCUS VOTE". The Bangor Daily News. Bangor, Maine. February 16, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  18. ^ "CARTER-MONDALE OFFICIALS HAPPY". The Winona Daily News. Winona, Minnesota. February 27, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  19. ^ "KENNEDY PROMISES TO PRESS FIGHT". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. February 27, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  20. ^ "VERMONT GOES TO REAGAN, MASSACHUSETTS TO BUSH". The New York Times. New York, New York. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  21. ^ "STATE DELEGATE FIGHT HAS ALREADY BEGUN". The Times Argus. Barre, Vermont. March 6, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  22. ^ "COUNTY CONVENTIONS GIVE KENNEDY A TINY GAIN; CARTER STILL FAR AHEAD". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. March 10, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  23. ^ "KENNEDY GETS 2 DELEGATES". Birmingham Post-Herald. Birmingham, Alabama. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  24. ^ "MOST ALASKA DEMOS STAY UNCOMMITTED". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Sitka, Alaska. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  25. ^ "PRESIDENT SWEEPS HIS HOMELAND". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  26. ^ "HERE'S DELEGATE BREAKDOWN OF CANDIDATE PREFERENCE". The Columbus Ledger. Columbus, Georgia. March 12, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  27. ^ a b "NIGH SEES AT LEAST 35 DELEGATES TO CARTER". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. March 13, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  28. ^ "CAUCUS-COUNTING SLOW, BUT CARTER VICTORY BIG". The Greenville News. Greenville, South Carolina. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  29. ^ "CARTER SQUEAKS BY KENNEDY IN PUERTO RICO ELECTION". St. Lucie News Tribune. Fort Pierce, Florida. March 17, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  30. ^ "ANDERSON LOSES HOME STATE". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. March 19, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  31. ^ "ILLINOIS PRIMARY FINAL RESULTS". Southern Illinoisan. Carbondale, Illinois. March 20, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  32. ^ "ANDERSON CAMP HANGS ONTO HOPES". The Olympian. Olympia, Washington. March 19, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  33. ^ "ANDERSON CAMP HANGS ONTO HOPES". The News and Advance. Lynchburg, Virginia. March 23, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  34. ^ "CARTER GAINS AT CONVENTIONS". The Item. Sumter, South Carolina. March 25, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  35. ^ "REAGAN FELL JUST SHY OF DELEGATE MAJORITY". Hartford Courant. Hartford, Connecticut. March 29, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  36. ^ "WIDE MARGIN IN CITY". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  37. ^ "SCORECARD OF DELEGATES". New York Times. New York, New York. March 26, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  38. ^ "IT'S CARTER DAY AT CONVENTIONS". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. March 30, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  39. ^ "STATE MOVES TO DELEGATE STEP". The Marysville Advocate. Marysville, Kansas. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  40. ^ "STATE FINAL VOTE TOTALS". Wisconsin State Journal. Madison, Wisconsin. April 3, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  41. ^ "STATE VOTE TOTALS". The Daily Advertiser. Lafayette, Louisiana. April 7, 1980. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
  42. ^ "CARTER APPEARS ASSURED OF MOST STATE DELEGATES". The Clarksdale Press Register. Clarksdale, Mississippi. March 13, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  43. ^ "CARTER GAINS 6 MORE SOUTH CAROLINA DELEGATES". Anderson Independent. Anderson, South Carolina. March 25, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  44. ^ "CARTER WIDENS MARGIN IN VIRGINIA". Culpeper Star-Exponent. Culpepper, Virginia. April 14, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  45. ^ "IOWA DEMOS PICK CARTER, 2-1". The Idaho Statesman. Boise, Idaho. April 18, 1980. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
  46. ^ "ANDERSON CAMP HANGS ONTO HOPES". The Olympian. Olympia, Washington. April 22, 1980. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  47. ^ "CONVENTIONS AFFIRM CARTER'S IOWA LEAD". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. April 20, 1980. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Norrander, Barbara (1986). "Correlates of Vote Choice in the 1980 Presidential Primaries". Journal of Politics. 48 (1): 156–166. doi:10.2307/2130931. JSTOR 2130931. S2CID 143610156.
  • Southwell, Priscilla L. (1986). "The Politics of Disgruntlement: Nonvoting and Defection among Supporters of Nomination Losers, 1968–1984". Political Behavior. 8 (1): 81–95. doi:10.1007/BF00987593. S2CID 154450840.
  • Stanley, Timothy (2010). Kennedy vs. Carter: The 1980 Battle for the Democratic Party's Soul. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-1702-9.
  • Stone, Walter J. (1984). "Prenomination Candidate Choice and General Election Behavior: Iowa Presidential Activists in 1980". American Journal of Political Science. 28 (2): 361–378. doi:10.2307/2110877. JSTOR 2110877.
  • Ward, Jon (2019). Camelot's End : Kennedy vs. Carter and the Fight that Broke the Democratic Party. New York: Twelve. ISBN 978-1-4555-9138-1.