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{{more footnotes|date=November 2017}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox minister
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III<br/>شاهزاده فیروز میرزا نصرت‌الدولهٔ فرمانفرمایان سوم
| name = Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III<br/>فیروز نصرت‌الدولهٔ سوم
|honorific-suffix =
| honorific-suffix =
|image = Prince Firouz Mirza Nosrat-ed-Dowleh Farman Farmaian III.JPG
| image = Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III.png
|caption = Nosrat-ed-Dowleh in his youth
| caption = Nosrat-ed-Dowleh in his youth
|order =
| order =
|office = [[Foreign Minister of Iran]]
| office = [[Foreign Minister of Iran]]
|term_start = August 1919
| term_start = August 1919
|term_end = March 1920
| term_end = March 1920
|primeminister = [[Vosough od-Dowleh|Hassan Vosough od-Dowleh]]
| primeminister = [[Vosough od-Dowleh|Hassan Vosough od-Dowleh]]
|deputy =
| deputy =
|lieutenant =
| lieutenant =
|monarch = [[Ahmad Shah Qajar]]
| monarch = [[Ahmad Shah Qajar]]
|president =
| president =
|taoiseach =
| taoiseach =
|chancellor =
| chancellor =
|predecessor = Aliqoli Ansari (Moshaver ol-Mamalek)
| predecessor = Aliqoli Ansari (Moshaver ol-Mamalek)
|successor = Asadollah Qadimi Navaei (Moshar os-Saltaneh)
| successor = Asadollah Qadimi Navaei (Moshar os-Saltaneh)
|constituency =
| constituency =
|majority =
| majority =
|birth_date = 1889
| birth_date = 1889
|birth_place = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| birth_place = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
|death_date = 1937
| death_date = 1937
|death_place = [[Semnon]], [[Iran]]
| death_place = [[Semnan, Iran|Semnan]], [[Iran]]
|nationality =
| nationality =
|party = [[Revival Party]]{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}<br/>[[Reformers' Party]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haddad Adel|first1=Gholamali|last2=Elmi|first2=Mohammad Jafar|last3=Taromi-Rad|first3=Hassan|title=Political Parties: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam|publisher=EWI Press|entry=Party|isbn=9781908433022|page=6}}</ref>
| party = [[Reformers' Party]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haddad Adel|first1=Gholamali|last2=Elmi|first2=Mohammad Jafar|last3=Taromi-Rad|first3=Hassan|title=Political Parties: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam|publisher=EWI Press|entry=Party|isbn=9781908433022|page=6}}</ref>
|spouse =
| spouse = Daftar ol-Molouk Khanoum (div.)<br /> Ehteram Firouz
|partner =
| partner =
|relations = [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma]] <small>(Father)</small>
| parents = [[Abdol-Hossein Farman Farma]] <br/> Khanum Ezzat-ed-Dowleh Qajar
|children = [[Mozaffar Firouz]]<br/>Lili Firouz<br/>Iradj Firouz<br/>Sharoukh Firouz
| children = [[Mozaffar Firouz]]<br/>Lili Firouz<br/>Iradj Firouz<br/>Sharoukh Firouz
|residence =
| residence =
|alma_mater =
| alma_mater =
|occupation =
| occupation =
|profession =
| profession =
|cabinet =
| cabinet =
|committees =
| committees =
|portfolio =
| portfolio =
|signature =
| signature = }}
⚫
'''Prince Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III''' (Persian: شاهزاده فیروز نصرت‌الدوله سوم), [[GCMG]] (1889–1937) was the eldest son of Prince [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma|Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma]] and Princess Ezzat-ed-Dowleh Qajar. He was born in 1889 and died in April 1937. He was the grandson of his namesake, [[Nosrat Dowleh Firouz Mirza]], and of [[Mozzafar-al-Din Shah]] [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]] through his mother, Princess Ezzat-Dowleh.
|website =
|footnotes =
}}
⚫
'''Prince Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III''', (c. 1889 – April 1937) [[GCMG]] (1919) was the eldest son of Prince [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma|Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma]] and Princess Ezzat-ed-Dowleh Qajar. He was born around 1889 and died in April 1937. He was the grandson of his namesake, [[Nosrat Dowleh Firouz Mirza]], and of [[Mozzafar-al-Din Shah]] [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]] through his mother, Princess Ezzat-Dowleh.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Records are unclear, but the prince is said to have been born around 1889. He was educated at the [[American University of Beirut]] and at the [[Sorbonne]] in [[Paris]]. He spoke five languages (Persian, French, English, Russian, and German) and attended [[Lycee Janson de Sailly]] in Paris and [[Institut Le Rosey]] in Switzerland. As surnames had not been established in Persia at the time of his studies in France, he registered himself as "Firouz Firouz", using his grandfather's name as his surname. Afterwards, when the Persian government made surnames mandatory by law, his father Prince [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma|Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma]] picked the surname [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma#Offspring|Farmanfarmaian]] for himself and his children. However, three of his children – Nosrat-ed-Dowleh, one of his 23 brothers (also a son of Princess Ezzat-ed-Dowleh), and one of his 12 sisters (daughter of Princess Ahshami) – held on to the surname "Firouz" and became known as Firouz Firouz, Mohammad Hossein Firouz, and [[Maryam Firouz]], respectively.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}
Records are unclear, but the prince is said to have been born around 1889. He was educated at [[Lycee Janson de Sailly]] in Paris, [[Institut Le Rosey]] in Switzerland, [[American University of Beirut]] and at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] in [[Paris]].<ref>{{cite thesis|author=Ali Massoud Ansari|title=Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi & the Myth of Imperial Authority|url=https://doi.org/10.25501/SOAS.00028497|location=SOAS, University of London|degree=PhD|date=1998|doi=10.25501/SOAS.00028497|page=60}}</ref> He spoke five languages (Persian, French, English, Russian, and German). As surnames had not been established in Persia at the time of his studies in France, he registered himself as "Firouz Firouz", using his grandfather's name as his surname. Afterwards, when the Persian government made surnames mandatory by law, his father Prince [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma|Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma]] picked the surname [[Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma#Offspring|Farmanfarmaian]] for himself and his children. However, three of his children – Nosrat-ed-Dowleh, one of his 23 brothers (also a son of Princess Ezzat-ed-Dowleh), and one of his 12 sisters (daughter of Princess Ahshami) – held on to the surname "Firouz" and became known as Firouz Firouz, Mohammad Hossein Firouz, and [[Maryam Firouz]], respectively.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}


Nosrat-ed-Dowleh was Minister of Foreign Affairs under [[Ahmad Shah Qajar]]; architect of the ill-fated [[Anglo-Persian Agreement]] (1919);<ref>Brigadier-General Sir Percy Sykes. ''[http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7307/view/2/751/#q=Nusrat A history of Persia]'', Vol. II. Macmillan 1921, page 520.</ref> and a candidate for accession to the Qajar throne after Soltan Ahmad Shah's exile and removal. In 1921, during the coup which brought [[Reza Shah]] to power, he spent three months in the [[Qasr-e-Qajar]] jail with his father and younger brother, Abbas Mirza Salar Lashgar, while Reza Shah consolidated his power base. During his stay at the prison, which he had helped build, he often boasted about its cleanliness. Nosrat-ed-Dowleh also translated Oscar Wilde's ''[[De Profundis (letter)|De Profundis]]'' during this time. Following his release, he continued his public life for nine more years, serving as a member of parliament, provincial governor, minister of justice, and minister of finance.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}
Nosrat-ed-Dowleh was Minister of Foreign Affairs under [[Ahmad Shah Qajar]]; architect of the ill-fated [[Anglo-Persian Agreement]] (1919);<ref>Brigadier-General Sir Percy Sykes. ''[http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7307/view/2/751/#q=Nusrat A history of Persia]'', Vol. II. Macmillan 1921, page 520.</ref> and a candidate for accession to the Qajar throne after Soltan Ahmad Shah's exile and removal. In 1921, during the coup which brought [[Reza Shah]] to power, he spent three months in the [[Qasr-e-Qajar]] jail with his father and younger brother, Abbas Mirza Salar Lashgar, while Reza Shah consolidated his power base. During his stay at the prison, which he had helped build, he often boasted about its cleanliness. Nosrat-ed-Dowleh also translated Oscar Wilde's ''[[De Profundis (letter)|De Profundis]]'' during this time. Following his release, he continued his public life for nine more years, serving as a member of parliament, provincial governor, minister of justice, and minister of finance.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}


In June 1930, while he was Finance Minister for Reza Shah, the Shah had him arrested for accepting a bribe in the amount of five hundred tomans (about 100 dollars today).{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} This episode deeply alarmed Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's father, Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma, who warned his son to curb his extravagant princely lifestyle. The warnings were not heeded. Towards the end of 1936, Reza Shah had grown more tyrannical and unpredictable than in the past.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Eventually, Nosrat-ed-Dowleh was arrested by the [[Tehran]] police chief, Mokhtari, and held in a Tehran prison. Despite pleas from the Farmanfarma family, he was not released, but instead transferred to a guarded house in [[Semnon]], a village about eighty miles east of [[Tehran]], where he was held incommunicado.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} In 1937, news returned to Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's father that his son was dead. The Shah had ordered that he be buried without any ceremonies or mention in the press.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma ensured that his son was buried in the Shrine of Shah Abdol Azim, where many other leading personalities of the Qajar dynasty had been buried. Not long after Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's death, Reza Shah seized his compound.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}
In June 1930, while he was Finance Minister for Reza Shah, the Shah had him arrested for accepting a bribe in the amount of five hundred tomans (about 100 dollars today).{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} This episode deeply alarmed Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's father, Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma, who warned his son to curb his extravagant princely lifestyle. The warnings were not heeded. Towards the end of 1936, Reza Shah had grown more tyrannical and unpredictable than in the past.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Eventually, Nosrat-ed-Dowleh was arrested by the [[Tehran]] police chief, Mokhtari, and held in a Tehran prison. Despite pleas from the Farmanfarma family, he was not released, but instead transferred to a guarded house in [[Semnan, Iran|Semnan]], a village about eighty miles east of [[Tehran]], where he was held incommunicado.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} In 1937, news returned to Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's father that his son was dead. The Shah had ordered that he be buried without any ceremonies or mention in the press.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma ensured that his son was buried in the Shrine of Shah Abdol Azim, where many other leading personalities of the Qajar dynasty had been buried. Not long after Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's death, Reza Shah seized his compound.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}


It was eventually revealed that he had been killed in his room by strangulation under the supervision of a doctor named Ahmadi.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} In 1940, after Reza Shah abdicated in favour of his son, the courts found Dr. Ahmadi guilty of killing dozens of political prisoners and sentenced him to death by hanging.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Mokhtari was sentenced to a long prison term.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}
It was eventually revealed that he had been killed in his room by strangulation under the supervision of a doctor named Ahmadi.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} In 1940, after Reza Shah abdicated in favour of his son, the courts found Dr. Ahmadi guilty of killing dozens of political prisoners and sentenced him to death by hanging.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} Mokhtari was sentenced to a long prison term.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

==Offspring==
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2017}}
* With Daftar ol-Molouk Khanoum
** [[Mozaffar Firouz|Prince Mozaffar Firouz]] (6 August 1906 – 5 April 1988)
* With his second wife
** Princess Lili Firouz (1921 – 27 November 2002)
** Prince Iradj Firouz (21 April 1922 – 28 November 1994)
** Prince Sharoukh Firouz (1925 – )


==Honors==
==Honors==
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* Minister of Justice (2nd time), 1918–1919
* Minister of Justice (2nd time), 1918–1919
* Minister for Foreign Affairs, 1919–1921
* Minister for Foreign Affairs, 1919–1921
* Governor-General of [[Fars Province|Fars]] 1923–1924
* Governor-General of [[Fars province|Fars]] 1923–1924
* Minister of Justice (3rd time), 1925
* Minister of Justice (3rd time), 1925
* Minister for Finance, 1927–1929
* Minister for Finance, 1927–1929
Line 80: Line 68:
* [[History of Persia]]
* [[History of Persia]]
* [[History of Iran]]
* [[History of Iran]]
* [[Qajar Dynasty]] of Iran
* [[Qajar dynasty]] of Iran
* Abdolhossein [[Teymourtash]]
* Abdolhossein [[Teymourtash]]


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B8954/(httpAssets)/1ACB8DFFFED0FBEDC12570050056AC23/$file/EnglishFiruzBiography.pdf Biography] (PDF; English; 596&nbsp;kB)
* [http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B8954/(httpAssets)/1ACB8DFFFED0FBEDC12570050056AC23/$file/EnglishFiruzBiography.pdf Biography] (PDF; English; 596&nbsp;kB)
* [http://www.qajarpages.org/ The Qajar (Kadjar) Pages]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110605003321/http://www.qajarpages.org/ The Qajar (Kadjar) Pages]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references/>


{{Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran}}
{{Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iran}}
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{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Mirza Nosrat-Ed-Dowleh Farman Farmaian, Iii}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Firouz, Nosrat-ed-Dowleh}}
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1937 deaths]]
[[Category:1937 deaths]]
[[Category:Foreign ministers of Iran]]
[[Category:Ministers of foreign affairs of Iran]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Iran]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in Lebanon]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in Lebanon]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Iranian expatriates in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
[[Category:People from Tehran]]
[[Category:Politicians from Tehran]]
[[Category:Qajar princes]]
[[Category:Qajar princes]]
[[Category:Reformers' Party politicians]]
[[Category:Reformers' Party politicians]]
[[Category:Revival Party politicians]]
[[Category:Revival Party politicians]]
[[Category:Ministers of Justice of Iran]]
[[Category:Ministers of justice of Iran]]
[[Category:Farmanfarmaian family]]
[[Category:Farmanfarmaian family]]
[[Category:Alumni of Institut Le Rosey]]

Latest revision as of 22:20, 30 December 2024

Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III
فیروز نصرت‌الدولهٔ سوم
Nosrat-ed-Dowleh in his youth
Foreign Minister of Iran
In office
August 1919 – March 1920
MonarchAhmad Shah Qajar
Prime MinisterHassan Vosough od-Dowleh
Preceded byAliqoli Ansari (Moshaver ol-Mamalek)
Succeeded byAsadollah Qadimi Navaei (Moshar os-Saltaneh)
Personal details
Born1889
Tehran, Iran
Died1937
Semnan, Iran
Political partyReformers' Party[1]
Spouse(s)Daftar ol-Molouk Khanoum (div.)
Ehteram Firouz
ChildrenMozaffar Firouz
Lili Firouz
Iradj Firouz
Sharoukh Firouz
Parent(s)Abdol-Hossein Farman Farma
Khanum Ezzat-ed-Dowleh Qajar

Prince Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III (Persian: شاهزاده فیروز نصرت‌الدوله سوم), GCMG (1889–1937) was the eldest son of Prince Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma and Princess Ezzat-ed-Dowleh Qajar. He was born in 1889 and died in April 1937. He was the grandson of his namesake, Nosrat Dowleh Firouz Mirza, and of Mozzafar-al-Din Shah Qajar through his mother, Princess Ezzat-Dowleh.

Biography

[edit]

Records are unclear, but the prince is said to have been born around 1889. He was educated at Lycee Janson de Sailly in Paris, Institut Le Rosey in Switzerland, American University of Beirut and at the Sorbonne in Paris.[2] He spoke five languages (Persian, French, English, Russian, and German). As surnames had not been established in Persia at the time of his studies in France, he registered himself as "Firouz Firouz", using his grandfather's name as his surname. Afterwards, when the Persian government made surnames mandatory by law, his father Prince Abdol-Hossein Farmanfarma picked the surname Farmanfarmaian for himself and his children. However, three of his children – Nosrat-ed-Dowleh, one of his 23 brothers (also a son of Princess Ezzat-ed-Dowleh), and one of his 12 sisters (daughter of Princess Ahshami) – held on to the surname "Firouz" and became known as Firouz Firouz, Mohammad Hossein Firouz, and Maryam Firouz, respectively.[citation needed]

Nosrat-ed-Dowleh was Minister of Foreign Affairs under Ahmad Shah Qajar; architect of the ill-fated Anglo-Persian Agreement (1919);[3] and a candidate for accession to the Qajar throne after Soltan Ahmad Shah's exile and removal. In 1921, during the coup which brought Reza Shah to power, he spent three months in the Qasr-e-Qajar jail with his father and younger brother, Abbas Mirza Salar Lashgar, while Reza Shah consolidated his power base. During his stay at the prison, which he had helped build, he often boasted about its cleanliness. Nosrat-ed-Dowleh also translated Oscar Wilde's De Profundis during this time. Following his release, he continued his public life for nine more years, serving as a member of parliament, provincial governor, minister of justice, and minister of finance.[citation needed]

In June 1930, while he was Finance Minister for Reza Shah, the Shah had him arrested for accepting a bribe in the amount of five hundred tomans (about 100 dollars today).[citation needed] This episode deeply alarmed Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's father, Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma, who warned his son to curb his extravagant princely lifestyle. The warnings were not heeded. Towards the end of 1936, Reza Shah had grown more tyrannical and unpredictable than in the past.[citation needed] Eventually, Nosrat-ed-Dowleh was arrested by the Tehran police chief, Mokhtari, and held in a Tehran prison. Despite pleas from the Farmanfarma family, he was not released, but instead transferred to a guarded house in Semnan, a village about eighty miles east of Tehran, where he was held incommunicado.[citation needed] In 1937, news returned to Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's father that his son was dead. The Shah had ordered that he be buried without any ceremonies or mention in the press.[citation needed] Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma ensured that his son was buried in the Shrine of Shah Abdol Azim, where many other leading personalities of the Qajar dynasty had been buried. Not long after Nosrat-ed-Dowleh's death, Reza Shah seized his compound.[citation needed]

It was eventually revealed that he had been killed in his room by strangulation under the supervision of a doctor named Ahmadi.[citation needed] In 1940, after Reza Shah abdicated in favour of his son, the courts found Dr. Ahmadi guilty of killing dozens of political prisoners and sentenced him to death by hanging.[citation needed] Mokhtari was sentenced to a long prison term.[citation needed]

Honors

[edit]

Government positions held

[edit]
  • Governor of Kerman, 1907
  • Minister of Justice (1st time), 1916–1917
  • Governor of Hamadan and Kermanshah, 1918
  • Minister of Justice (2nd time), 1918–1919
  • Minister for Foreign Affairs, 1919–1921
  • Governor-General of Fars 1923–1924
  • Minister of Justice (3rd time), 1925
  • Minister for Finance, 1927–1929
  • Deputy for Kermanshah in the 4th, 5th and 6th Majles[when?]

See also

[edit]
[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Haddad Adel, Gholamali; Elmi, Mohammad Jafar; Taromi-Rad, Hassan. "Party". Political Parties: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam. EWI Press. p. 6. ISBN 9781908433022.
  2. ^ Ali Massoud Ansari (1998). Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi & the Myth of Imperial Authority (PhD thesis). SOAS, University of London. p. 60. doi:10.25501/SOAS.00028497.
  3. ^ Brigadier-General Sir Percy Sykes. A history of Persia, Vol. II. Macmillan 1921, page 520.
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