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Karl Viktorovich Pauker (Russian: Карл Викторович Паукер, January 1893, in Lviv – 14 August 1937, in Moscow) was an NKVD officer and head of Joseph Stalin's personal security until his arrest and execution.

Pauker was born into Jewish family in Lviv, which was then part of Austria-Hungary. Prior to the war he was a hairdresser working in the Budapest Opera house. He served in the Austro-Hungarian army in World War I and was taken as a prisoner of war by the Russians in 1916. Pauker elected to stay in Russia after the revolution and joined the Communist Party in 1918.

Pauker joined the Cheka and became Stalin's bodyguard in 1924. Pauker took an active part in the purges, including the executions of Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev.

Pauker was arrested on 15 April 1937, according to Simon Sebag Montefiore, because he "knew too much and lived too well", and he was executed quietly without trial on 14 August 1937.^[1] He was not posthumously rehabilitated.

References

^ Montefiore, Simon Sebag (2014). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. London, U.K.: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 224–225. ISBN 978-1-7802-2835-8. Yagoda's belladonna bore fatal fruit: the Hungarian hairdresser and favourite of Kremlin children, Pauker, forty-four, was arrested on 15, guilty of knowing too much and living too well: Stalin no longer trusted the old-fashioned Chekists with foreign connections. Pauker was shot quietly on 14 August 1937 - the first courtier to die.

[montefiore224-1] Montefiore, Simon Sebag (2014). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. London, U.K.: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 224–225. ISBN 978-1-7802-2835-8. Yagoda's belladonna bore fatal fruit: the Hungarian hairdresser and favourite of Kremlin children, Pauker, forty-four, was arrested on 15, guilty of knowing too much and living too well: Stalin no longer trusted the old-fashioned Chekists with foreign connections. Pauker was shot quietly on 14 August 1937 - the first courtier to die.

[1]

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+{{Short description|NKVD officer (1893–1937)}}
-'''Karl Pauker''' (Russian: Карл Викторович Паукер; January 1893 [[Lviv]]—14 August 1937 [[Moscow]]) was an [[NKVD]] officer and head of [[Joseph Stalin]]'s personal security until his arrest and execution.
+{{no footnotes|date=December 2012}}
+'''Karl Viktorovich Pauker'''  ({{Langx|ru|Карл Викторович Паукер}}, January 1893, in [[Lviv]] &ndash; 14 August 1937, in [[Moscow]]) was an [[NKVD]] officer and head of [[Joseph Stalin]]'s personal security until his arrest and execution.
-Pauker came from a [[Jew]]ish family in Lviv, which was then part of [[Austria-Hungary]]. Prior to the war he was a hairdresser working in the Budapest Opera (Sebag-Montefiore). Pauker served in the Austro-Hungarian army in [[World War I]] and was taken as a prisoner of war by the Russians in 1916. Pauker elected to stay in Russia after the revolution and joined the Communist Party in 1918.
+Pauker was born into [[Jew]]ish family in Lviv, which was then part of [[Austria-Hungary]]. Prior to the war he was a hairdresser working in the [[Hungarian State Opera House|Budapest Opera]] house. He served in the [[Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces|Austro-Hungarian army]] in [[World War I]] and was taken as a prisoner of war by the Russians in 1916. Pauker elected to stay in Russia after the [[February Revolution|revolution]] and joined the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]] in 1918.
-Pauker joined the [[Cheka]] and became Stalin's bodyguard in 1924. Pauker took an active part in the purges including the executions of [[Grigory Zinoviev]] and [[Lev Kamenev]]
+Pauker joined the [[Cheka]] and became Stalin's bodyguard in 1924. Pauker took an active part in the purges, including the executions of [[Grigory Zinoviev]] and [[Lev Kamenev]].
-He was dismissed in April 1937 according to Sebag-Montefiore, because he "knew too much and lived too well", he was arrested and executed quietly without trial in August 1937. He was not posthumously rehabilitated.
+Pauker was arrested on 15 April 1937, according to [[Simon Sebag Montefiore]], because he "knew too much and lived too well", and he was executed quietly without trial on 14 August 1937.<ref name="montefiore224">{{cite book |last1=Montefiore |first1=Simon Sebag |title=Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar |date=2014 |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |location=London, U.K. |isbn=978-1-7802-2835-8 |pages=224-225|quote=[[Genrikh Yagoda|Yagoda]]'s belladonna bore fatal fruit: the Hungarian hairdresser and favourite of Kremlin children, Pauker, forty-four, was arrested on 15, guilty of knowing too much and living too well: Stalin no longer trusted the old-fashioned Chekists with foreign connections. Pauker was shot quietly on 14 August 1937 - the first courtier to die.}}</ref> He was not posthumously rehabilitated.
-Famous Swedish writer [[Jan Guillou]] has used K. V. Pauker as a [[pseudonym]] on the internet when he has, among other things, criticized Jewish influence in the early Soviet Union.
 ==References==
+{{Reflist}}
-*[[Simon Sebag Montefiore]]. 2004 . - Stalin, the Court of the Red Tsar. ISBN 075381 766 7
-*[http://www.hrono.ru/biograf/pauker.html page in Russian language]
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              = Pauker, Karl
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
-| DATE OF BIRTH     = 1893
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
-| DATE OF DEATH     = 1937
-| PLACE OF DEATH    =
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Pauker, Karl}}
-[[Category:NKVD officers]]
-[[Category:People executed by firing squad]]
-[[Category:Great Purge victims]]
-[[Category:Executed Soviet people]]
 [[Category:1893 births]]
 [[Category:1937 deaths]]
+[[Category:People from Lviv]]
+[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]]
+[[Category:Ukrainian Jews]]
 [[Category:Soviet Jews]]
-[[Category:People from Lviv]]
+[[Category:Bolsheviks]]
+[[Category:Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war in World War I]]
+[[Category:World War I prisoners of war held by Russia]]
-[[ru:Паукер, Карл Викторович]]
+[[Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Commissars 2nd Class of State Security]]
+[[Category:Great Purge victims from Ukraine]]
+[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
+[[Category:Jews executed by the Soviet Union]]
+[[Category:Jewish socialists]]
+[[Category:Deaths by firearm in the Soviet Union]]
+[[Category:Cheka]]