Progressive Citizens' Party: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Political party in Liechtenstein}} |
{{short description|Political party in Liechtenstein}} |
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{{Expand German|Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein|date=February 2014}} |
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{{Infobox political party |
{{Infobox political party |
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| country = Liechtenstein |
| country = Liechtenstein |
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| name = Progressive Citizens' Party |
| name = Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein |
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| native_name = Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei |
| native_name = Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein |
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| logo = Logo Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein.svg |
| logo = Logo Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein.svg |
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| president = Alexander Batliner |
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| leader = Thomas Banzer |
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| foundation = 1918 |
| foundation = 1918 |
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| colorcode = {{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}} |
| colorcode = {{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}} |
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| abbreviation = FBP |
| abbreviation = FBP |
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| headquarters = |
| headquarters = Altenbach 8 <br> 9490 [[Vaduz]] |
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| newspaper = ''[[Liechtensteiner Volksblatt]]''<ref name="National Archives">{{cite web|title=Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei|url=http://www.e-archiv.li/koerperschaftDetail.aspx?backurl=auto&koerperID=3395|work=e-archiv.li|publisher=Liechtenstein National Archives|access-date=22 February 2014|language=de}}</ref> |
| newspaper = None{{efn | Previously ''[[Liechtensteiner Volksblatt]]''.<ref name="National Archives">{{cite web|title=Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei|url=http://www.e-archiv.li/koerperschaftDetail.aspx?backurl=auto&koerperID=3395|work=e-archiv.li|publisher=Liechtenstein National Archives|access-date=22 February 2014|language=de}}</ref>}} |
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| ideology = {{nowrap|[[Conservatism]]<ref name="FBP1"/><ref name="FBP2"/><br>[[National conservatism]]<ref name="Politico2017">{{cite news|last1=Stefanini|first1=Sara|title=Liechtenstein's Populists Gain Ground|url=http://www.politico.eu/article/liechtensteins-populists-gain-ground/|date=5 February 2017|publisher=[[Politico]]|access-date=5 February 2017}}</ref><br>[[Economic liberalism]]<ref name="Politico2017"/><br>[[Constitutional monarchism]]<ref name="Politico2017"/><br>[[Christian democracy]]<ref name="FBP1">{{cite web|last=Nordsieck|first=Wolfram|date=2021|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/liechtenstein.html|title=Liechtenstein|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|access-date=10 February 2021}}</ref>}} |
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| ideology = {{ubl|class=nowrap| |
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⚫ | | position = {{nowrap|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]<ref name=AFP>{{cite news|url=https://www.thelocal.ch/20130203/centre-right-liechtenstein-party-gains-power|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|date=3 February 2013|work=[[The Local]]|title=Liechtenstein voters elect new government|access-date=1 July 2023}}</ref> to [[right-wing politics|right-wing]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Facts about the World's Nations|page=565|date=1999|editor-last=O'Mara|editor-first=Michael|publisher=[[H. W. Wilson Company|H. W. Wilson]]|isbn=9780824209551}}</ref>}} |
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|[[National conservatism]]<ref name="Politico2017">{{cite news|last1=Stefanini|first1=Sara|title=Liechtenstein’s Populists Gain Ground|url=http://www.politico.eu/article/liechtensteins-populists-gain-ground/|date=5 February 2017|publisher=[[Politico]]|access-date=5 February 2017}}</ref> |
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| european = ''None''{{efn |The Progressive Citizens' Party is not an official member of any pan-European political party, but its members in the [[Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe]] sit with [[Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe|ALDE-PACE]], and its youth wing is a member of the [[European Young Conservatives]].|group=note}} |
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|[[Christian democracy]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Nordsieck|first=Wolfram|date=2021|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/liechtenstein.html|title=Liechtenstein|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|access-date=10 February 2021}}</ref> |
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| footnotes = <span style="font-size:88%">a. Municipal Councils = Number listed on [http://www.gemeindewahlen.li/resultate/14 respective website] subtracted by number of elected mayors (who serve as members on their respective local councils, but are elected separately from other council members) as of 2 April 2023.</span> |
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|[[Social conservatism]]<ref>{{cite web|work=[[Nordea]]|title=Liechtenstein: Economic Outline|url=https://www.nordeatrade.com/fi/explore-new-market/liechtenstein/economy|access-date=6 April 2020}}</ref> |
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|[[Economic liberalism]]<ref name="Politico2017"/> |
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|[[Monarchism]]<ref name="Politico2017"/> |
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|[[Euroscepticism]]{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} |
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}} |
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⚫ | | position = {{nowrap|[[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]<ref>{{cite |
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| european = [[European People's Party]]<br>(in the [[Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe|Council of Europe]]) |
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| international = |
| international = |
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| youth_wing = Young FBP<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.fbp.li/sektionen/junge%20fbp/personen | title=Junge FBP | language=de | publisher=FBP | access-date=30 June 2023}}</ref> |
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| youth_wing = Junge FBP |
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| womens_wing = [[Women in the FBP]] |
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| colours = {{colour box|border=silver|{{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} [[Blue]] |
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| native_name_lang = deu |
| native_name_lang = deu |
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| seats1_title = |
| seats1_title = [[Landtag of Liechtenstein|Landtag]] |
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| seats1 = {{Composition bar|10|25|hex={{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} |
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|10|25|hex={{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} |
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| seats2_title = [[ |
| seats2_title = [[2023 Liechtenstein local elections|Mayors]] |
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| seats2 = {{Composition bar| |
| seats2 = {{Composition bar|4|11|hex={{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} |
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| seats3_title = |
| seats3_title = [[2023 Liechtenstein local elections|Municipal Councils]]<sup>a</sup> |
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| seats3 = {{Composition bar| |
| seats3 = {{Composition bar|51|104|hex={{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} |
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| website = {{ |
| website = {{URL|http://www.fbp.li}} |
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| leader1_name = [[Sabine Monauni]] |
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| leader1_title = Deputy Prime Minister |
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| leader2_name = [[Ernst Walch]] |
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| leader2_title = Prime ministerial candidate |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein''' ({{ |
The '''Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein''' ({{langx|de|Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein}}, '''FBP'''){{efn |''Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei'' can also be translated as "Progressive Civic Party".}} is a [[Conservatism|conservative]]<ref name="FBP1"/><ref name="FBP2">{{Cite web |date=30 January 2017 |title=The curious case of Liechtenstein: A country caught between a prince and democracy |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2017/01/30/the-curious-case-of-liechtenstein/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201034203/https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2017/01/30/the-curious-case-of-liechtenstein/ |archive-date=1 February 2017 |access-date=1 July 2023 |publisher=[[London School of Economics]]}}</ref> [[List of political parties in Liechtenstein|political party]] in [[Liechtenstein]]. The FBP is one of the two [[major party|major]] [[List of political parties in Liechtenstein|political parties in Liechtenstein]], along with the [[liberal-conservative]] [[Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)|Patriotic Union]]. Founded in 1918 along with the now-defunct [[Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein)|Christian-Social People's Party]], it is the oldest [[wikt:extant|extant]] party in Liechtenstein.<ref>{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.liechtenstein.li/index.php?id=15%20board&L=1|work=Fürstentum Liechtenstein|publisher=Government of Liechtenstein Marketing|access-date=13 February 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221195433/http://www.liechtenstein.li/index.php?id=15%20board&L=1|archive-date=21 February 2014}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The party was established in 1918 by middle class citizens and members of the agricultural community as a response to the formation of the [[Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein)|Christian-Social People's Party]] (VP).<ref name=VM>Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p609 {{ISBN|0-313-23804-9}}</ref> It won the majority of the elected |
The party was established in 1918 by middle class citizens and members of the agricultural community as a response to the formation of the [[Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein)|Christian-Social People's Party]] (VP).<ref name=VM>Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p609 {{ISBN|0-313-23804-9}}</ref> In addition to being linked to the commercial and rural environment, the party was also firmly anchored in the [[clergy]]. It won the majority of the elected the [[1918 Liechtenstein general election|1918 elections]],<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen|Nohlen, D]] & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1182 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> but the VP formed a government following the [[November 1918 Liechtenstein putsch]].<ref name=V1>McHale, p611</ref> |
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The VP won elections in [[1922 Liechtenstein general election|1922]], [[January 1926 Liechtenstein general election|January 1926]] and [[April 1926 Liechtenstein general election|April 1926]], but the FBP won the [[1928 Liechtenstein general election|1928 elections]], and became the party of government until 1938,<ref name=V1/> with [[Josef Hoop]] serving as |
The VP won elections in [[1922 Liechtenstein general election|1922]], [[January 1926 Liechtenstein general election|January 1926]] and [[April 1926 Liechtenstein general election|April 1926]], but the FBP won the [[1928 Liechtenstein general election|1928 elections]], and became the party of government until 1938,<ref name=V1/> with [[Josef Hoop]] serving as prime minister until 1945. In 1938 the FBP allowed the [[Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)|Patriotic Union]] (VU) to join it in a coalition government. The two parties governed in coalition until the [[1997 Liechtenstein general election|1997 elections]],<ref name=N2>Nohlen & Stöver, p1157</ref> after which the Patriotic Union formed a government. The FBP won the [[2001 Liechtenstein general election|2001 elections]] and its leader [[Otmar Hasler]] became prime minister. Following the [[2005 Liechtenstein general election|2005 elections]] the coalition was renewed,<ref name=N2/> with Hasler remaining prime minister. The VU's [[Klaus Tschütscher]] held the post between [[2009 Liechtenstein general election|2009]] and [[2013 Liechtenstein general election|2013]], after which FBP leader [[Adrian Hasler]] became prime minister. |
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In the [[2017 Liechtenstein general election|2017 state election]], the FBP lost 4.8% of the vote and was awarded only nine of the 25 seats. However, it remained the party with the most votes in the state parliament, as the Patriotic Union only gained slightly and still had eight Landtag members.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 February 2017 |title=The 2017 elections in Liechtenstein: Slight changes and a stronger parliamentary opposition |url=https://whogoverns.eu/the-2017-elections-in-liechtenstein-slight-changes-and-a-stronger-parliamentary-opposition/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200811170655/https://whogoverns.eu/the-2017-elections-in-liechtenstein-slight-changes-and-a-stronger-parliamentary-opposition/ |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |work=Party Systems & Governments Observatory}}</ref> |
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===[[LGBT_rights_in_Liechtenstein|LGBT Rights]]=== |
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In the [[2021 Liechtenstein general election|2021 state elections]], Adrian Hasler and government councilor [[Mauro Pedrazzini]] (also a FBP member) decided not to run for government again after eight years. With [[Sabine Monauni]], the FBP nominated a woman as prime minister candidate for the state elections for the first time. The party nominated [[Katrin Eggenberger]] and Manuel Frick as further candidates for the government. |
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The FBP won 35.9% of the votes in the 2021 state elections and won 10 seats in the Landtag. Mathematically, the FBP was elected by around 100 voters (0.6%) more. The discrepancy arose from the fact that the voters in the [[Oberland (electoral district)|Oberland]], with 15 votes per ballot paper, had a higher weight on the total party vote result than the voters in the [[Unterland (electoral district)|Unterland]] with ten votes per person. Voter turnout was stable at 78.0%. The FBP and VU formed a coalition government, which appointed Monauni as deputy prime minister.<ref name="en8-2-21">{{cite news |date=8 February 2021 |title=Liechtenstein election: Just 23 ballots separate two biggest parties |url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/02/08/liechtenstein-election-just-23-ballots-separate-two-biggest-parties-that-will-now-form-coa |access-date=9 February 2021 |work=[[Euronews]] |language=en}}</ref> If she had become prime minister, she would have been the first female to hold the position.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Daragahi |first1=Borzou |date=9 February 2021 |title=Liechtenstein's women only got the vote in 1984. Now the country could get its first female prime minister |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/liechtenstein-woman-leader-vote-b1799192.html |access-date=10 February 2021 |work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> |
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The FBP tends to be conservative on social/cultural issues. As for economic issues, it is [[Economic liberalism|economically liberal]] but also claims to follow a [[social market economy]] policy.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Unser Selbstverständnis |url=https://www.fbp.li/unser-selbstverstaendnis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329133655/https://www.fbp.li/unser-selbstverstaendnis |archive-date=29 March 2023 |access-date=30 June 2023 |publisher=FBP |language=de}}</ref> The party states its policies are based on [[Christianity|Christian]] values such as solidarity, respect and justice.<ref name=":0" /> It also advocates a dualistic form of government, claiming to support both the [[Monarchy of Liechtenstein|monarchy]] and the people as sovereigns.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== Women's rights === |
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{{Main article|Women's suffrage in Liechtenstein}} |
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{{See also|Women in the FBP}} |
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The FBP was an early proponent of the introduction of [[women's suffrage]] to Liechtenstein, starting in 1970. However, two separate referendums on the issue were rejected by male-only voters in [[1971 Liechtenstein women's suffrage referendum|1971]] and [[1973 Liechtenstein referendums#Women's suffrage|1973]] respectively.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Frick |first=Julia |date=31 December 2011 |title=Frauenstimm- und -wahlrecht |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Frauenstimm-_und_-wahlrecht |access-date=7 December 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de}}</ref> The Women in the FBP group was founded in September 1982 to represent women's issues within the party, and also to further advocate for the introduction of women's suffrage.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Frick |first=Julia |date=31 December 2011 |title=Frauen in der FBP |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Frauen_in_der_FBP?marker=FBP |access-date=7 December 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de}}</ref> The party then again proposed the issue to the [[Landtag of Liechtenstein]] in December 1983 and again in April 1984.<ref name=":1" /> Following a [[1984 Liechtenstein women's suffrage referendum|successful referendum]] (among men only) in July 1984, women's suffrage was introduced to Liechtenstein.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 July 1984 |title=AROUND THE WORLD; Liechtenstein Women Win Right to Vote |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/02/world/around-the-world-liechtenstein-women-win-right-to-vote.html |access-date=21 April 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> |
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[[Emma Eigenmann]], belonging to the FBP, was the woman elected to the Landtag of Liechtenstein in [[1986 Liechtenstein general election|1986]].<ref name="HL">{{Cite web |date=31 December 2011 |title=Eigenmann-Schädler, Emma |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Eigenmann-Sch%C3%A4dler,_Emma |access-date=10 November 2023 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de}}</ref> In the [[first Mario Frick cabinet]], [[Cornelia Gassner]], also belonging to the FBP, became the first female government councillor.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2024 |title=Gassner, Cornelia |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Gassner,_Cornelia?marker=Verdienstordens |access-date=23 February 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de}}</ref> [[Rita Kieber-Beck]] was also the first female [[Deputy Prime Minister of Liechtenstein]].<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=31 December 2011 |title=Kieber (-Beck), Rita |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Kieber_(-Beck),_Rita?marker=Rita+Kieber-Beck |access-date=12 August 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de}}</ref> |
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=== LGBT rights === |
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{{Main|LGBT rights in Liechtenstein}} |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ Differences between the two main political parties in Liechtenstein on LGBT rights |
|+ Differences between the two main political parties in Liechtenstein on LGBT rights |
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! Subjects on LGBT rights !! style="width:25%;"| Progressive Citizens' Party |
! Subjects on LGBT rights !! style="width:25%;"| Progressive Citizens' Party !! Patriotic Union |
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| [[ |
| [[Recognition of same-sex unions in Liechtenstein#Registered partnerships|Motion to introduce a Registered Partnership law (24 October 2007)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.landtag.li/protokolle/default.aspx?mode=lp&prim=2007&value=10&tag=24&id=2907&backurl=?mode=lp%26prim=2007%26value=10%26tag=24|title=Motion Betreffend Eingetragene Partnerschaft Gleichgeschlechtlicher Paare Der Abgeordneten Paul Vogt, Pepo Frick Und Andrea Matt Vom (25. SEPTEMBER 2007)|language=de}}</ref> |
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| <span style="color:green;">10 For</span>, <span style="color:red;">2 Against</span> |
| <span style="color:green;">10 For</span>, <span style="color:red;">2 Against</span> |
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| <span style="color:green;">6 For</span>, <span style="color:red;">4 Against</span> |
| <span style="color:green;">6 For</span>, <span style="color:red;">4 Against</span> |
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|Response to the candidate survey conducted by the Youth wing of the Free List party (leading up to the [[2021 Liechtenstein general election|2021 general election]]), containing the following question: ''Should same-sex couples have the same rights as heterosexual couples in all areas?''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.freieliste.li/gleiche-rechte-fuer-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare/|title=Gleiche Leiche Rechte für Alle!|publisher=FreieListe.li|date=18 January 2021|language=de}}</ref> |
|Response to the candidate survey conducted by the Youth wing of the Free List party (leading up to the [[2021 Liechtenstein general election|2021 general election]]), containing the following question: ''Should same-sex couples have the same rights as heterosexual couples in all areas?''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.freieliste.li/gleiche-rechte-fuer-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare/|title=Gleiche Leiche Rechte für Alle!|publisher=FreieListe.li|date=18 January 2021|language=de|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-date=23 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923020907/https://www.freieliste.li/gleiche-rechte-fuer-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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| 20 candidates; <span style="color:green;">18</span> (<span style="color:green;">9 'Yes'</span>, <span style="color:green;">9 'Rather Yes'</span>) to <span style="color:red;">2</span> (<span style="color:red;">'Rather No'</span>) |
| 20 candidates; <span style="color:green;">18</span> (<span style="color:green;">9 'Yes'</span>, <span style="color:green;">9 'Rather Yes'</span>) to <span style="color:red;">2</span> (<span style="color:red;">'Rather No'</span>) |
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| 22 candidates; <span style="color:green;">15</span> (<span style="color:green;">8 'Yes'</span>, <span style="color:green;">7 'Rather Yes'</span>) to <span style="color:red;">7</span> (<span style="color:red;">6 'Rather No'</span>, <span style="color:red;">1 'No'</span>) |
| 22 candidates; <span style="color:green;">15</span> (<span style="color:green;">8 'Yes'</span>, <span style="color:green;">7 'Rather Yes'</span>) to <span style="color:red;">7</span> (<span style="color:red;">6 'Rather No'</span>, <span style="color:red;">1 'No'</span>) |
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Line 64: | Line 77: | ||
| <span style="color:green;">68%</span> (<span style="color:green;">41% 'Yes'</span>, <span style="color:green;">27% 'Rather Yes'</span>) to <span style="color:red;">32%</span> (<span style="color:red;">15% 'No'</span>, <span style="color:red;">17% 'Rather No'</span>) |
| <span style="color:green;">68%</span> (<span style="color:green;">41% 'Yes'</span>, <span style="color:green;">27% 'Rather Yes'</span>) to <span style="color:red;">32%</span> (<span style="color:red;">15% 'No'</span>, <span style="color:red;">17% 'Rather No'</span>) |
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|Signatories on a motion submitted on 21 September 2022 (i.e., to ask the Landtag to introduce legislation that would legalize same-sex civil marriage)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.landtag.li/files/attachments/20220921113629.pdf|title=Motion zur öffnung der Ehe für alle|website=Landtag.li|date=21 September 2022|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vaterland.li/liechtenstein/politik/ehe-fuer-alle-kommt-ins-rollen-art-505637|title= |
|Signatories on a motion submitted on 21 September 2022 (i.e., to ask the Landtag to introduce legislation that would legalize same-sex civil marriage)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.landtag.li/files/attachments/20220921113629.pdf|title=Motion zur öffnung der Ehe für alle|website=Landtag.li|date=21 September 2022|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vaterland.li/liechtenstein/politik/ehe-fuer-alle-kommt-ins-rollen-art-505637|title="Ehe für alle" kommt ins Rollen|website=Vaterland.li|date=21 September 2022|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vaterland.li/liechtenstein/politik/15-abgeordnete-wollen-die-ehe-fuer-alle-art-504801|title=15 Abgeordnete wollen die "Ehe für alle"|website=Vaterland.li|date=14 September 2022|language=de}}</ref> |
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{{Composition bar|15|25|hex=#00FF00}} (60%) |
{{Composition bar|15|25|hex=#00FF00}} (60%) |
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| {{Composition bar|10|10|hex={{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} (100% of sitting members, excluding their three (3) substitute members) |
| {{Composition bar|10|10|hex={{party color|Progressive Citizens' Party}}}} (100% of sitting members, excluding their three (3) substitute members) |
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| {{Composition bar|2|10|hex={{party color|Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)}}}} (20% of sitting members, excluding their three (3) substitute members) |
| {{Composition bar|2|10|hex={{party color|Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)}}}} (20% of sitting members, excluding their three (3) substitute members) |
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|- |
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|[[LGBT rights in Liechtenstein#Adoption and parenting|Amendment of the General Civil Code and the Partnership Act (Equality of same-sex couples in adoption law)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vimeopro.com/landtag/dezember2022/video/777462699|title=Landtag, 2. Dezember 2022, Trakt. 25-29 (watch from 01:19:27 to 01:44:37; see vote result around the 01:41:53 mark)|website=vimeopro|language=de|date=2 December 2022}}</ref> |
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| <span style="color:green;">10 For</span>, <span style="color:red;">0 Against</span> |
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| <span style="color:green;">7 For</span>, <span style="color:red;">3 Against</span> |
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:<span style="font-size:88%">a. Percentages do not add up to 100%.</span> |
:<span style="font-size:88%">a. Percentages do not add up to 100%.</span> |
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The FBP also voted |
The FBP also voted ''en bloc'' with the [[Free List (Liechtenstein)|Free List]] (FL) party on 6 May 2022 to narrowly defeat a proposed legislation (i.e., ''Amendment to the Article 25 of the Partnership Act'') that would have limited adoption and reproductive rights of same-sex couples.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.landtag.li/protokolle/default.aspx?lpid=744&id=10139&typ=eintrag&backurl=mode%3dlp%26prim%3d2022%26value%3d5%26tag%3d6&sh=resulttag06_05_2022-10139|title=Abänderung des Partnerschaftsgesetzes und des Allgemeinen Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuches (Einführung der Stiefkindadoption für eingetragene Partner/innen und Lebensgefährt/innen) (Nr. 19/2022) [1. Lesung: 11. März 2022] - Stellungnahme der Regierung (Nr. 41/2022); 2. Lesung|website=landtag.li|language=de|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vimeopro.com/landtag/mai2022/video/706951965|title=Landtag, 6. Mai 2022, Trakt. 25 - 29|website=vimeopro|language=de|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Art. 25 gekippt: Etappensieg für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare - Liechtenstein - Liechtensteiner Volksblatt, die Tageszeitung für Liechtenstein |url=https://www.volksblatt.li/nachrichten/Liechtenstein/Politik/vb/307822/art-25-gekippt-etappensieg-fur-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare |website=Liechtensteiner Volksblatt |language=de-DE |access-date=2022-09-25 |archive-date=2022-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506131111/https://www.volksblatt.li/nachrichten/Liechtenstein/Politik/vb/307822/art-25-gekippt-etappensieg-fur-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
||
== Electoral history == |
== Electoral history == |
||
Line 89: | Line 106: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1918 Liechtenstein general election|1918]] |
! [[1918 Liechtenstein general election|1918]] |
||
| rowspan="1" align="left"| |
| rowspan="1" align="left"|Franz Verling |
||
| rowspan="9" colspan="2" | |
| rowspan="9" colspan="2" | |
||
| {{composition bar|7|15|hex=#142448}} |
| {{composition bar|7|15|hex=#142448}} |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
! [[April 1926 Liechtenstein general election|1926 (Apr)]] |
! [[April 1926 Liechtenstein general election|1926 (Apr)]] |
||
| rowspan="1" align="left"|[[ |
| rowspan="1" align="left"|[[Ludwig Marxer]] |
||
| {{composition bar|6|15|hex=#142448}} |
| {{composition bar|6|15|hex=#142448}} |
||
| {{steady}} 0 |
| {{steady}} 0 |
||
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| {{increase}} 5 |
| {{increase}} 5 |
||
| {{increase}} 1st |
| {{increase}} 1st |
||
| {{yes2| |
| {{yes2|Majority}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1930 Liechtenstein general election|1930]] |
! [[1930 Liechtenstein general election|1930]] |
||
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| {{increase}} 4 |
| {{increase}} 4 |
||
| {{steady}} 1st |
| {{steady}} 1st |
||
| {{yes2| |
| {{yes2|Majority}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1932 Liechtenstein general election|1932]] |
! [[1932 Liechtenstein general election|1932]] |
||
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| {{decrease}} 2 |
| {{decrease}} 2 |
||
| {{steady}} 1st |
| {{steady}} 1st |
||
| {{yes2| |
| {{yes2|Majority}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1936 Liechtenstein general election|1936]] |
! [[1936 Liechtenstein general election|1936]] |
||
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| {{decrease}} 2 |
| {{decrease}} 2 |
||
| {{steady}} 1st |
| {{steady}} 1st |
||
| {{yes2| |
| {{yes2|Majority}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[1939 Liechtenstein general election|1939]] |
! [[1939 Liechtenstein general election|1939]] |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
! [[1982 Liechtenstein general election|1982]] |
! [[1982 Liechtenstein general election|1982]] |
||
| |
| align="left"|[[Hilmar Ospelt]] |
||
| 18,273 |
| 18,273 |
||
| 46.53 |
| 46.53 |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
! [[1986 Liechtenstein general election|1986]] |
! [[1986 Liechtenstein general election|1986]] |
||
| rowspan="2" align="left"|Otto Hasler |
|||
| 39,853 |
| 39,853 |
||
| 42.75 |
| 42.75 |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
! [[February 1993 Liechtenstein general election|1993 (Feb)]] |
! [[February 1993 Liechtenstein general election|1993 (Feb)]] |
||
| rowspan=" |
| rowspan="2" align="left" |[[Markus Büchel]] |
||
| 71,209 |
| 71,209 |
||
| 44.19 |
| 44.19 |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
! [[1997 Liechtenstein general election|1997]] |
! [[1997 Liechtenstein general election|1997]] |
||
| align="left" |[[Thomas Büchel]] |
|||
| 65,914 |
| 65,914 |
||
| 39.20 |
| 39.20 |
||
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| {{increase}} 3 |
| {{increase}} 3 |
||
| {{increase}} 1st |
| {{increase}} 1st |
||
| {{yes2| |
| {{yes2|Majority}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[2005 Liechtenstein general election|2005]] |
! [[2005 Liechtenstein general election|2005]] |
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|} |
|} |
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== |
== Notes == |
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{{Notelist}}<references group="note" /> |
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== References == |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
{{reflist|30em}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Progressive Citizens' Party]] |
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[[Category:National conservative parties]] |
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[[Category:Nationalist parties in Europe]] |
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[[Category:Catholic political parties]] |
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[[Category:Political parties established in 1918]] |
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[[Category:Political parties in Liechtenstein]] |
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[[Category:Monarchist parties]] |
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{{Liechtenstein-party-stub}} |
Revision as of 18:20, 2 January 2025
Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | FBP |
President | Alexander Batliner |
Deputy Prime Minister | Sabine Monauni |
Prime ministerial candidate | Ernst Walch |
Founded | 1918 |
Headquarters | Altenbach 8 9490 Vaduz |
Newspaper | None[a] |
Youth wing | Young FBP[2] |
Women's wing | Women in the FBP |
Ideology | Conservatism[3][4] National conservatism[5] Economic liberalism[5] Constitutional monarchism[5] Christian democracy[3] |
Political position | Centre-right[6] to right-wing[7] |
European affiliation | None[note 1] |
Colours | Blue |
Landtag | 10 / 25 |
Mayors | 4 / 11 |
Municipal Councilsa | 51 / 104 |
Website | |
www | |
a. Municipal Councils = Number listed on respective website subtracted by number of elected mayors (who serve as members on their respective local councils, but are elected separately from other council members) as of 2 April 2023. |
The Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein (German: Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein, FBP)[b] is a conservative[3][4] political party in Liechtenstein. The FBP is one of the two major political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the liberal-conservative Patriotic Union. Founded in 1918 along with the now-defunct Christian-Social People's Party, it is the oldest extant party in Liechtenstein.[8]
History
The party was established in 1918 by middle class citizens and members of the agricultural community as a response to the formation of the Christian-Social People's Party (VP).[9] In addition to being linked to the commercial and rural environment, the party was also firmly anchored in the clergy. It won the majority of the elected the 1918 elections,[10] but the VP formed a government following the November 1918 Liechtenstein putsch.[11]
The VP won elections in 1922, January 1926 and April 1926, but the FBP won the 1928 elections, and became the party of government until 1938,[11] with Josef Hoop serving as prime minister until 1945. In 1938 the FBP allowed the Patriotic Union (VU) to join it in a coalition government. The two parties governed in coalition until the 1997 elections,[12] after which the Patriotic Union formed a government. The FBP won the 2001 elections and its leader Otmar Hasler became prime minister. Following the 2005 elections the coalition was renewed,[12] with Hasler remaining prime minister. The VU's Klaus Tschütscher held the post between 2009 and 2013, after which FBP leader Adrian Hasler became prime minister.
In the 2017 state election, the FBP lost 4.8% of the vote and was awarded only nine of the 25 seats. However, it remained the party with the most votes in the state parliament, as the Patriotic Union only gained slightly and still had eight Landtag members.[13]
In the 2021 state elections, Adrian Hasler and government councilor Mauro Pedrazzini (also a FBP member) decided not to run for government again after eight years. With Sabine Monauni, the FBP nominated a woman as prime minister candidate for the state elections for the first time. The party nominated Katrin Eggenberger and Manuel Frick as further candidates for the government.
The FBP won 35.9% of the votes in the 2021 state elections and won 10 seats in the Landtag. Mathematically, the FBP was elected by around 100 voters (0.6%) more. The discrepancy arose from the fact that the voters in the Oberland, with 15 votes per ballot paper, had a higher weight on the total party vote result than the voters in the Unterland with ten votes per person. Voter turnout was stable at 78.0%. The FBP and VU formed a coalition government, which appointed Monauni as deputy prime minister.[14] If she had become prime minister, she would have been the first female to hold the position.[15]
Ideology and policy
The FBP tends to be conservative on social/cultural issues. As for economic issues, it is economically liberal but also claims to follow a social market economy policy.[16] The party states its policies are based on Christian values such as solidarity, respect and justice.[16] It also advocates a dualistic form of government, claiming to support both the monarchy and the people as sovereigns.[16]
Women's rights
The FBP was an early proponent of the introduction of women's suffrage to Liechtenstein, starting in 1970. However, two separate referendums on the issue were rejected by male-only voters in 1971 and 1973 respectively.[17] The Women in the FBP group was founded in September 1982 to represent women's issues within the party, and also to further advocate for the introduction of women's suffrage.[18] The party then again proposed the issue to the Landtag of Liechtenstein in December 1983 and again in April 1984.[17] Following a successful referendum (among men only) in July 1984, women's suffrage was introduced to Liechtenstein.[19]
Emma Eigenmann, belonging to the FBP, was the woman elected to the Landtag of Liechtenstein in 1986.[20] In the first Mario Frick cabinet, Cornelia Gassner, also belonging to the FBP, became the first female government councillor.[21] Rita Kieber-Beck was also the first female Deputy Prime Minister of Liechtenstein.[22]
LGBT rights
Compared to the Patriotic Union, members of the FBP are more inclined to support LGBT rights:
Subjects on LGBT rights | Progressive Citizens' Party | Patriotic Union |
---|---|---|
Motion to introduce a Registered Partnership law (24 October 2007)[23] | 10 For, 2 Against | 6 For, 4 Against |
Response to the candidate survey conducted by the Youth wing of the Free List party (leading up to the 2021 general election), containing the following question: Should same-sex couples have the same rights as heterosexual couples in all areas?[24] | 20 candidates; 18 (9 'Yes', 9 'Rather Yes') to 2 ('Rather No') | 22 candidates; 15 (8 'Yes', 7 'Rather Yes') to 7 (6 'Rather No', 1 'No') |
Response to a voter poll conducted in February 2021 by the Liechtenstein Institute, regarding the same survey question listed in the row above.[25] | 74% (47% 'Yes', 27% 'Rather Yes') to 27% (13% 'No', 14% 'Rather No')a | 68% (41% 'Yes', 27% 'Rather Yes') to 32% (15% 'No', 17% 'Rather No') |
Signatories on a motion submitted on 21 September 2022 (i.e., to ask the Landtag to introduce legislation that would legalize same-sex civil marriage)[26][27][28]
15 / 25 (60%)
|
10 / 10 (100% of sitting members, excluding their three (3) substitute members)
|
2 / 10 (20% of sitting members, excluding their three (3) substitute members)
|
Amendment of the General Civil Code and the Partnership Act (Equality of same-sex couples in adoption law)[29] | 10 For, 0 Against | 7 For, 3 Against |
- a. Percentages do not add up to 100%.
The FBP also voted en bloc with the Free List (FL) party on 6 May 2022 to narrowly defeat a proposed legislation (i.e., Amendment to the Article 25 of the Partnership Act) that would have limited adoption and reproductive rights of same-sex couples.[30][31][32]
Electoral history
Landtag elections
Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Rank | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1918 | Franz Verling | 7 / 15
|
New | 1st | Coalition | ||
1922 | Josef Ospelt | 4 / 15
|
3 | 2nd | Opposition | ||
1926 (Jan) | Bernhard Risch | 6 / 15
|
2 | 2nd | Opposition | ||
1926 (Apr) | Ludwig Marxer | 6 / 15
|
0 | 2nd | Opposition | ||
1928 | Josef Hoop | 11 / 15
|
5 | 1st | Majority | ||
1930 | 15 / 15
|
4 | 1st | Majority | |||
1932 | 13 / 15
|
2 | 1st | Majority | |||
1936 | 11 / 15
|
2 | 1st | Majority | |||
1939 | 8 / 15
|
3 | 1st | Coalition | |||
1945 | 1,553 | 54.72 | 8 / 15
|
0 | 1st | Coalition | |
1949 | Alexander Frick | 1,555 | 52.93 | 8 / 15
|
0 | 1st | Coalition |
1953 (Feb) | 1,458 | 50.54 | 8 / 15
|
0 | 1st | Coalition | |
1953 (Jun) | 1,568 | 50.43 | 8 / 15
|
0 | 1st | Coalition | |
1957 | 1,689 | 52.36 | 8 / 15
|
0 | 1st | Coalition | |
1958 | 1,839 | 54.47 | 9 / 15
|
1 | 1st | Coalition | |
1962 | Gerard Batliner | 1,599 | 47.18 | 8 / 15
|
1 | 1st | Coalition |
1966 | 1,791 | 48.47 | 8 / 15
|
0 | 1st | Coalition | |
1970 | 1,978 | 48.83 | 7 / 15
|
1 | 2nd | Coalition | |
1974 | Walter Kieber | 17,332 | 50.08 | 8 / 15
|
1 | 1st | Coalition |
1978 | 18,872 | 50.85 | 7 / 15
|
1 | 2nd | Coalition | |
1982 | Hilmar Ospelt | 18,273 | 46.53 | 7 / 15
|
0 | 2nd | Coalition |
1986 | Otto Hasler | 39,853 | 42.75 | 7 / 15
|
0 | 2nd | Coalition |
1989 | 75,417 | 42.13 | 12 / 25
|
5 | 2nd | Coalition | |
1993 (Feb) | Markus Büchel | 71,209 | 44.19 | 12 / 25
|
0 | 2nd | Coalition |
1993 (Oct) | 65,075 | 41.34 | 11 / 25
|
1 | 2nd | Coalition | |
1997 | Thomas Büchel | 65,914 | 39.20 | 10 / 25
|
1 | 2nd | Opposition |
2001 | Otmar Hasler | 92,204 | 49.90 | 13 / 25
|
3 | 1st | Majority |
2005 | 94,545 | 48.74 | 12 / 25
|
1 | 1st | Coalition | |
2009 | Ernst Walch | 86,951 | 43.47 | 11 / 25
|
1 | 2nd | Coalition |
2013 | Adrian Hasler | 77,644 | 40.00 | 10 / 25
|
1 | 1st | Coalition |
2017 | 68,673 | 35.24 | 9 / 25
|
1 | 1st | Coalition | |
2021 | Sabine Monauni | 72,319 | 35.88 | 10 / 25
|
1 | 2nd | Coalition |
Notes
- ^ Previously Liechtensteiner Volksblatt.[1]
- ^ Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei can also be translated as "Progressive Civic Party".
- ^ The Progressive Citizens' Party is not an official member of any pan-European political party, but its members in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe sit with ALDE-PACE, and its youth wing is a member of the European Young Conservatives.
References
- ^ "Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei". e-archiv.li (in German). Liechtenstein National Archives. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
- ^ "Junge FBP" (in German). FBP. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2021). "Liechtenstein". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ a b "The curious case of Liechtenstein: A country caught between a prince and democracy". London School of Economics. 30 January 2017. Archived from the original on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ a b c Stefanini, Sara (5 February 2017). "Liechtenstein's Populists Gain Ground". Politico. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Liechtenstein voters elect new government". The Local. Agence France-Presse. 3 February 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ O'Mara, Michael, ed. (1999). Facts about the World's Nations. H. W. Wilson. p. 565. ISBN 9780824209551.
- ^ "History". Fürstentum Liechtenstein. Government of Liechtenstein Marketing. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
- ^ Vincent E McHale (1983) Political parties of Europe, Greenwood Press, p609 ISBN 0-313-23804-9
- ^ Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1182 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ^ a b McHale, p611
- ^ a b Nohlen & Stöver, p1157
- ^ "The 2017 elections in Liechtenstein: Slight changes and a stronger parliamentary opposition". Party Systems & Governments Observatory. 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ "Liechtenstein election: Just 23 ballots separate two biggest parties". Euronews. 8 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ Daragahi, Borzou (9 February 2021). "Liechtenstein's women only got the vote in 1984. Now the country could get its first female prime minister". The Independent. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
- ^ a b c "Unser Selbstverständnis" (in German). FBP. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b Frick, Julia (31 December 2011). "Frauenstimm- und -wahlrecht". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 7 December 2024.
- ^ Frick, Julia (31 December 2011). "Frauen in der FBP". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 7 December 2024.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Liechtenstein Women Win Right to Vote". The New York Times. 2 July 1984. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
- ^ "Eigenmann-Schädler, Emma". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 31 December 2011. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ "Gassner, Cornelia". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 21 February 2024. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ "Kieber (-Beck), Rita". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). 31 December 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ "Motion Betreffend Eingetragene Partnerschaft Gleichgeschlechtlicher Paare Der Abgeordneten Paul Vogt, Pepo Frick Und Andrea Matt Vom (25. SEPTEMBER 2007)" (in German).
- ^ "Gleiche Leiche Rechte für Alle!" (in German). FreieListe.li. 18 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ "Wahlumfrage: Rückhalt für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare" (in German). Das Liechtensteiner Vaterland. 6 March 2021.
- ^ "Motion zur öffnung der Ehe für alle" (PDF). Landtag.li (in German). 21 September 2022.
- ^ ""Ehe für alle" kommt ins Rollen". Vaterland.li (in German). 21 September 2022.
- ^ "15 Abgeordnete wollen die "Ehe für alle"". Vaterland.li (in German). 14 September 2022.
- ^ "Landtag, 2. Dezember 2022, Trakt. 25-29 (watch from 01:19:27 to 01:44:37; see vote result around the 01:41:53 mark)". vimeopro (in German). 2 December 2022.
- ^ "Abänderung des Partnerschaftsgesetzes und des Allgemeinen Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuches (Einführung der Stiefkindadoption für eingetragene Partner/innen und Lebensgefährt/innen) (Nr. 19/2022) [1. Lesung: 11. März 2022] - Stellungnahme der Regierung (Nr. 41/2022); 2. Lesung". landtag.li (in German). 6 May 2022.
- ^ "Landtag, 6. Mai 2022, Trakt. 25 - 29". vimeopro (in German). 6 May 2022.
- ^ "Art. 25 gekippt: Etappensieg für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare - Liechtenstein - Liechtensteiner Volksblatt, die Tageszeitung für Liechtenstein". Liechtensteiner Volksblatt (in German). Archived from the original on 2022-05-06. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
External links
- Official website (in German)