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'''''Finian's Rainbow''''' is a 1968 American<ref name=afi/> [[Musical film|musical]] [[fantasy film]] directed by [[Francis Ford Coppola]] and adapted by [[E. Y. Harburg]] and [[Fred Saidy]] from the [[Finian's Rainbow|1947 stage musical of the same name]]. It stars [[Fred Astaire]], [[Petula Clark]] and [[Tommy Steele]]. The film follows an Irishman and his daughter, who steal a [[leprechaun]]'s magic pot of gold and emigrate to the [[American South]], where they become involved in a dispute between rural landowners and a greedy, racist U.S. senator.
'''''Finian's Rainbow''''' is a 1968 American<ref name=afi/> [[Musical film|musical]] [[fantasy film]] directed by [[Francis Ford Coppola]] and adapted by [[E. Y. Harburg]] and [[Fred Saidy]] from the [[Finian's Rainbow|1947 stage musical of the same name]]. It stars [[Fred Astaire]], [[Petula Clark]], and [[Tommy Steele]]. The plot follows an Irishman and his daughter, who steal a [[leprechaun]]'s magic pot of gold and emigrate to the [[American South]], where they become involved in a dispute between rural landowners and a greedy, racist U.S. senator.


''Finian's Rainbow'' was Coppola's second film for a major studio, and third overall directorial work. It was released by [[Warner Bros.-Seven Arts]] October 9, 1968, and was both a critical and commercial success. It received [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nominations for [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Score]] ([[Ray Heindorf]]) and [[Academy Award for Best Sound|Best Sound]], along with five [[Golden Globe Award|Golden Globe]] nominations, including for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]].
''Finian's Rainbow'' was Coppola's second film for a major studio, and third overall directorial work. It was released by [[Warner Bros.-Seven Arts]] on October 9, 1968, and was both a critical and commercial success. It received [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nominations for [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Score]] ([[Ray Heindorf]]) and [[Academy Award for Best Sound|Best Sound]], along with five [[Golden Globe Award|Golden Globe]] nominations, including for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]].


==Plot==
==Plot==
A lovable rogue named Finian McLonergan absconds from his native [[Ireland]] with a [[crock (dishware)|crock]] of gold secreted in a carpetbag, plus his daughter Sharon in tow. His destination is Rainbow Valley in the (fictional) state of Missitucky, where he plans to bury his treasure in the mistaken belief that, given its proximity to [[Fort Knox]], it will multiply.
A scheming immigrant named Finian McLonergan arrives in America from his native [[Ireland]], having absconded with a [[crock (dishware)|crock]] full of gold secreted in a carpetbag, plus his daughter Sharon in tow. His destination is Rainbow Valley in the fictional state of Missitucky, where he plans to bury his treasure in the mistaken belief that, given its proximity to [[Fort Knox]], it will multiply.


Hot on Finian's heels is the [[leprechaun]], Og, desperate to recover his stolen crock before he turns human. Among those involved in the ensuing shenanigans are Woody Mahoney, a ne'er-do-well dreamer who woos Sharon; Woody's [[Muteness|mute]] sister, Susan, who expresses herself in dance; Woody's good friend and business partner, Howard, an [[African-American]] [[Botany|botanist]] determined to develop a tobacco and mint hybrid; and bombastic Senator Billboard Rawkins, who wears his bigotry as if it is a badge of honor.
Hot on Finian's heels is the [[leprechaun]], Og, desperate to recover his stolen crock before he turns human. Among those who end up involved in the conflict are Woody Mahoney, a ne'er-do-well dreamer who woos Sharon; Woody's [[Muteness|mute]] sister, Susan, who expresses herself in dance; Woody's good friend and business partner, Howard, an [[African-American]] [[Botany|botanist]] determined to develop a tobacco and mint hybrid; and Senator Billboard Rawkins, who is bigoted against African-Americans.


Complications arise when Rawkins, believing that there is gold in Rainbow Valley, attempts to seize the land from the people who live there, and makes some racial slurs while doing so. Sharon furiously wishes that he would turn Black, and, because she happens to be unknowingly standing on the spot where the magical crock of gold (which is capable of granting three wishes) is buried, Rawkins does exactly that. Rawkins's dog, which has been trained to attack Black people, chases him into the woods. The sheriff returns with the district attorney, who threatens to charge Sharon with witchcraft unless Rawkins is produced.
Complications arise when Rawkins, believing that there is gold in Rainbow Valley, attempts to seize the land from the people who live there, and makes some racial slurs while doing so. Sharon furiously wishes that he would turn black. Because she happens to be unknowingly standing on the spot where the magical crock of gold, which is capable of granting three wishes, is buried, Rawkins becomes a black man. Rawkins's dog, which has been trained to attack black people, chases him into the woods. The sheriff returns with the district attorney, who threatens to charge Sharon with witchcraft unless Rawkins is produced. Rawkins runs into Og in the woods, and tells him that a witch changed him from a white man to black. Seeing that the change of skin tone did nothing to alter his bigotry, Og casts a spell to make Rawkins more open-minded.


⚫
The townspeople gather in the barn for the wedding of Sharon and Woody, but the sheriff, his deputies, and the district attorney interrupt the ceremony and arrest Sharon for witchcraft. Finian convinces them that Sharon can change Rawkins back to white overnight, and they lock Sharon and Woody in the barn until daybreak. To save his daughter, Finian tries to find the crock of gold that he buried, unaware that Susan has discovered it and moved it. Og meets with Susan on the bridge under which she has hidden the gold and, as he develops romantic feelings for her in absence of Sharon, wishes that she could talk. When she begins to speak, Og realizes that he must be standing above the crock.
Rawkins runs into Og in the woods, and tells him that a witch changed him from a white man to Black. Seeing that the change of skin tone did nothing to alter his bigotry, Og casts a spell to make Rawkins more open-minded.


⚫
As the district attorney sets the barn on fire with Sharon and Woody locked inside, Og debates whether or not to use the gold's final wish to save Sharon by turning the senator white again, knowing that the crock would lose its magic, the gold would disappear, and he would become fully mortal. After a passionate kiss from Susan, he happily accepts his fate to become human and wishes Rawkins white again. Sharon and Woody are released from the burning barn, and it is discovered that Howard's mentholated tobacco experiments have at last been successful, ensuring financial success for all the poor people of Rainbow Valley regardless of skin color. Sharon and Woody are wed, and everyone bids a fond farewell to Finian, who leaves Rainbow Valley in search of his own rainbow.
⚫
The townspeople gather in the barn for the wedding of Sharon and Woody, but the sheriff, his deputies, and the district attorney interrupt the ceremony and arrest Sharon for witchcraft. Finian convinces them that Sharon can change Rawkins back to white overnight, and they lock Sharon and Woody in the barn until daybreak. To save his daughter, Finian tries to find the crock of gold that he buried, unaware that Susan has discovered it and moved it. Og meets with Susan on the bridge under which she has hidden the gold and wishes that she could talk. When she begins to speak, Og realizes that he must be standing above the crock.

⚫
As the district attorney sets the barn on fire with Sharon and Woody locked inside, Og debates whether he should use the gold's final wish to save Sharon by turning the senator white again, even if it would mean that the crock would lose its magic, the gold would disappear, and he would become fully mortal. After a passionate kiss from Susan, he decides that it might not be so bad to be a human, and wishes for Rawkins to be white again. Sharon and Woody are released from the burning barn, and it is discovered that Howard's mentholated tobacco experiments have at last been successful, ensuring financial success for all the poor people of Rainbow Valley, both white and Black. Sharon and Woody are wed, and everyone bids a fond farewell to Finian, who leaves Rainbow Valley in search of his own rainbow.


==Cast==
==Cast==
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*[[Dolph Sweet]] as Sheriff
*[[Dolph Sweet]] as Sheriff
*[[Wright King]] as District Attorney
*[[Wright King]] as District Attorney
*Louil Silas as Henry}}
*[[Louil Silas Jr.|Louil Silas]] as Henry}}


==Production==
==Production==


===Development===
===Development===
Because the musical was a success on stage, an interest in filming it existed early. [[MGM]] was interested in filming it in 1948 as a vehicle for [[Mickey Rooney]]. However, Harburg set the price for the rights at $1 million, and wanted creative control.<ref name="rainbow">{{Cite news|title=Deck Is Stacked Against Broadway|author=Philip K. Scheuer Special to the|date=Dec 26, 1967|work=Los Angeles Times|page=C7}}</ref> For a time, a German company wanted to make the film adaptation. In 1954, the [[Distributors Corporation of America]] tried to make it as an animated film. A [[soundtrack]] of the score was recorded by several stars, but the film was not completed. In 1958, the authors of the musical teamed with [[Sidney Buchman]] to produce a film independently, but the project did not proceed.<ref name="new">{{Cite news|title=VIEW FROM A LOCAL VANTAGE POINT|author=A.H. WEILER|date=Apr 17, 1960|work=New York Times|page=X5}}</ref>
Because the musical was a success on stage, an interest in a film version existed early. In 1948, [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] wanted to acquire it as a vehicle for [[Mickey Rooney]]; however, MGM balked at Harburg's price of $1 million for the rights and complete creative control.<ref name="rainbow">{{Cite news|title=Deck Is Stacked Against Broadway|author=Philip K. Scheuer Special to the|date=Dec 26, 1967|work=Los Angeles Times|page=C7}}</ref> For a time, a German company wanted to make the film version. In 1954, the [[Distributors Corporation of America]] began producing an animated film adaptation. A [[soundtrack]] of the score was recorded by [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Louis Armstrong]] and [[Ella Fitzgerald]], but the film was abandoned. In 1958, the authors of the musical teamed with [[Sidney Buchman]] to produce a film independently, but the project did not proceed.<ref name="new">{{Cite news|title=VIEW FROM A LOCAL VANTAGE POINT|author=A.H. WEILER|date=Apr 17, 1960|work=New York Times|page=X5}}</ref>


In 1960, the film rights were held by Marvin Rothenberg, who wanted [[Michael Gordon (film director)|Michael Gordon]] to direct and [[Debbie Reynolds]] to star. It was announced that the film would be budgeted at $2 million, and released by [[United Artists]],<ref name="new"/><ref>{{Cite news|title=Director's First Comedy a Smash: They Told Gordon He Couldn't Make One---Till 'Pillow Talk'!|author=Scheuer, Philip K.|date=Jan 8, 1960|work=Los Angeles Times|page=A7}}</ref> but the film did not eventuate.<ref>{{Cite news|title=GREAT EXPECTATIONS: Or, the Annual Survey of a Few Fine Plans That Failed to Materialize|author=A.H. WEILER|date=Dec 25, 1960|work=New York Times|page=X9}}</ref> Harburg stated in 1960 that he was told that part of the reason that it was so difficult to get a film version made was because [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] was scared of fantasy musicals.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Age of the Unthinking' Blamed on Broadcasters|author=John Crosby.|date=May 22, 1960|newspaper=The Washington Post|page=G13}}</ref> Another reason was the [[McCarthyism]] of the period.<ref name="rainbow"/> In 1965, [[Harold Hecht]] bought the film rights, and hired Harburg and Saidy to write a script and some new songs. Hecht said that he intended to film in nine months. "This time we really mean business", said Harburg. "We've gotten a substantial deal and participation in money and production. Up until now, ''Finian'' has been making so much money on the road that we didn't want to kill the goose laying all those golden eggs. But you become more idealistic as you grow older and you tend to stop thinking about yourself."<ref>{{Cite news|title=Smutty Nose to 93rd St.: More About Movies|author=A.H. WEILER|date=Nov 7, 1965|work=New York Times|page=X11}}</ref> [[Dick Van Dyke]] was considered to play the role of Finian, but financial problems caused the filming to be postponed, and Van Dyke dropped out of consideration.<ref>(Source: "The Films of Fred Astaire")</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=March 2021}}
In 1960, the film rights were held by Marvin Rothenberg, who wanted [[Michael Gordon (film director)|Michael Gordon]] to direct and [[Debbie Reynolds]] to star. It was announced that the film would be budgeted at $2 million, and released by [[United Artists]],<ref name="new"/><ref>{{Cite news|title=Director's First Comedy a Smash: They Told Gordon He Couldn't Make One---Till 'Pillow Talk'!|author=Scheuer, Philip K.|date=Jan 8, 1960|work=Los Angeles Times|page=A7}}</ref> but once again, the film was never made.<ref>{{Cite news|title=GREAT EXPECTATIONS: Or, the Annual Survey of a Few Fine Plans That Failed to Materialize|author=A.H. WEILER|date=Dec 25, 1960|work=New York Times|page=X9}}</ref> At that time, Harburg stated that he was told that part of the reason it was so difficult to get a film version made of ''Finian's Rainbow'' was because [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] was wary of making fantasy musicals.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Age of the Unthinking' Blamed on Broadcasters|author=John Crosby.|date=May 22, 1960|newspaper=The Washington Post|page=G13}}</ref> Another reason was the [[McCarthyism]] of the period.<ref name="rainbow"/> In 1965, [[Harold Hecht]] bought the film rights, and hired Harburg and Saidy to write a script and some new songs. Hecht said that he intended to film in nine months. "This time we really mean business", said Harburg. "We've gotten a substantial deal and participation in money and production. Up until now, ''Finian'' has been making so much money on the road that we didn't want to kill the goose laying all those golden eggs. But you become more idealistic as you grow older and you tend to stop thinking about yourself."<ref>{{Cite news|title=Smutty Nose to 93rd St.: More About Movies|author=A.H. WEILER|date=Nov 7, 1965|work=New York Times|page=X11}}</ref> [[Dick Van Dyke]] was considered to play the role of Finian, but financial problems caused the filming to be postponed, and Van Dyke dropped out to work on other projects.<ref>(Source: "The Films of Fred Astaire")</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=March 2021}}


===Warner Bros.===
===Warner Bros.===
In September 1966, [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]] announced that it had the rights, and would make a film produced by Joseph Landon and starring [[Fred Astaire]], with the aim to get [[Tommy Steele]] as the leprechaun. The budget was expected to be $4 million.<ref>{{Cite news|title=MOVIE CALL SHEET: Warners to Film 'Rainbow'|author=Martin, Betty|date=Sep 28, 1966|work=Los Angeles Times|page=D12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=WARNERS TO CAST FOR A POT OF GOLD: 'Finian's Rainbow' Film with Fred Astaire Is Announced|author=A.H. WEILER|work=New York Times|date=Sep 28, 1966|page=41}}</ref> [[Francis Ford Coppola]] was signed as director in February 1967.<ref>{{cite news|title=Coppola to Direct 'Rainbow'|author= Martin, Betty|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Feb 13, 1967|page=c23}}</ref> Steele was confirmed as the [[Irish people|Irish]] leprechaun, although [[Robert Morse]] had expressed interest.<ref>{{cite news|title=Steele in 'Finian's Rainbow'|author= Martin, Betty|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Apr 3, 1967|page=c30}}</ref>
In September 1966, [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]] announced that it had the rights, and would make a film produced by Joseph Landon and starring [[Fred Astaire]], with the aim to get [[Tommy Steele]] as the leprechaun. The budget was expected to be $4 million.<ref>{{Cite news|title=MOVIE CALL SHEET: Warners to Film 'Rainbow'|author=Martin, Betty|date=Sep 28, 1966|work=Los Angeles Times|page=D12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=WARNERS TO CAST FOR A POT OF GOLD: 'Finian's Rainbow' Film with Fred Astaire Is Announced|author=A.H. WEILER|work=New York Times|date=Sep 28, 1966|page=41}}</ref> [[Francis Ford Coppola]] was signed as director in February 1967.<ref>{{cite news|title=Coppola to Direct 'Rainbow'|author= Martin, Betty|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Feb 13, 1967|page=c23}}</ref> Steele was confirmed as the [[Irish people|Irish]] leprechaun, although [[Robert Morse]] had expressed interest.<ref>{{cite news|title=Steele in 'Finian's Rainbow'|author= Martin, Betty|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Apr 3, 1967|page=c30}}</ref>


With the then-unreleased ''[[Camelot (film)|Camelot]]'' having proven to be more costly than anticipated, and its commercial prospects still unknown, [[Jack L. Warner]] was having second thoughts about undertaking another musical project, but when he saw [[Petula Clark]] perform on her opening night at the [[Cocoanut Grove (Ambassador Hotel)|Cocoanut Grove]] in the [[Ambassador Hotel (Los Angeles)|Ambassador Hotel]] in [[Los Angeles]], he knew that he had found the ideal Sharon.<ref name=CD>''Finian's Rainbow'' Original Soundtrack CD liner notes</ref> He decided to forge ahead and hope for the best, despite his misgivings of having nearly-novice "hippie" director, Francis Ford Coppola, at the helm. Coppola called the film "a very low-budget film that had the appearance of being very high-budget", and recalled that several of the sets were, in fact, repurposed from ''Camelot''.<ref>{{Citation |title=TCM Comments on Finian's Rainbow (1968) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ESGfF6xRI8 |access-date=2024-03-08 |language=en}}</ref>
With the then-unreleased ''[[Camelot (film)|Camelot]]'' having proven to be more costly than anticipated, and its commercial prospects still unknown, [[Jack L. Warner]] was having second thoughts about undertaking another musical film, but when he saw [[Petula Clark]] perform on her opening night at the [[Cocoanut Grove (Ambassador Hotel)|Cocoanut Grove]] in the [[Ambassador Hotel (Los Angeles)|Ambassador Hotel]] in [[Los Angeles]], he knew that he had found the ideal Sharon.<ref name=CD>''Finian's Rainbow'' Original Soundtrack CD liner notes</ref> Warner decided to forge ahead and hope for the best, despite his misgivings of having nearly-novice "hippie" director, Francis Ford Coppola, at the helm. Coppola called the film "a very low-budget film that had the appearance of being very high-budget", and recalled that several of ''Finian's'' sets were, in fact, recycled and refurbished from ''Camelot''.<ref>{{Citation |title=TCM Comments on Finian's Rainbow (1968) | date=25 December 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ESGfF6xRI8 |access-date=2024-03-08 |language=en}}</ref>


Although Clark had made many films in the 1940s and 1950s in her native United Kingdom, this was her first starring role in 10 years, and her first film appearance since becoming an international pop star in the mid-1960s.
Although Petula Clark had made many films in the 1940s and 1950s in her native England as a child star, this was her first starring role in 10 years, and her first film appearance since becoming an international pop star in the mid-1960s.


[[Fred Astaire]]'s last movie musical had been ''[[Silk Stockings (1957 film)|Silk Stockings]]'', 11 years earlier. He had concentrated on his TV specials in the interim, but was persuaded at age 69 to return to the big screen. Given his status as a screen legend, and to accommodate his talents, the role of Finian was given a musical presence that it had not had on stage, and Astaire was given top billing, rather than the part's original third billing.
[[Fred Astaire]]'s last appearance in a movie musical had been ''[[Silk Stockings (1957 film)|Silk Stockings]]'', eleven years earlier. He had concentrated on his TV specials in the interim, but was persuaded at the age of 69 to return to the big screen. Given his status as a screen legend, and to accommodate his talents, the role of Finian was expanded for the film version and Astaire received top billing, rather than the part's original third billing.


While a construction crew transformed more than nine acres of back-lot into Rainbow Valley, complete with a [[narrow gauge railway]], schoolhouse, [[general store]], [[post office]], residential houses and barns, Coppola spent five weeks rehearsing the cast. Before principal photography began, a complete performance of the film was presented to an audience on a studio [[sound stage]].<ref name=PetNet>{{Cite web |url=http://www.petulaclark.net/films/finians.html |title=''Finian's Rainbow'' at PetulaClark.net |access-date=2009-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226092902/http://www.petulaclark.net/films/finians.html |archive-date=2009-02-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In the [[liner notes]] that she wrote for the 2004 [[Rhino Records]] limited, numbered-edition [[Compact disc|CD]] release of the [[soundtrack]], Clark recalls that Golden-Hollywood Astaire was befuddled by Coppola's contemporary methods of filmmaking, and balked at dancing in "a real field with cow dung and rabbit holes". Although he acquiesced to filming a sequence in [[Napa Valley]] near Coppola's home, the bulk of the movie was shot on studio sound-stages and the back lot, leaving the finished film with jarring contrasts between reality and make-believe.<ref name="CD" />
While a construction crew transformed more than nine acres of the Warner Bros. back-lot into Rainbow Valley, complete with a [[narrow gauge railway]], schoolhouse, [[general store]], [[post office]], residential houses and barns, Coppola spent five weeks rehearsing the cast. Before principal photography began, a complete performance of the film was presented to an audience on a studio [[sound stage]].<ref name=PetNet>{{Cite web |url=http://www.petulaclark.net/films/finians.html |title=''Finian's Rainbow'' at PetulaClark.net |access-date=2009-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226092902/http://www.petulaclark.net/films/finians.html |archive-date=2009-02-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In the [[liner notes]] that she wrote for the 2004 [[Rhino Records]] limited, numbered-edition [[Compact disc|CD]] reissue of the [[soundtrack album]], Clark recalls that Golden Age-Hollywood Astaire was puzzled by Coppola's contemporary methods of filmmaking, and balked at dancing in "a real field with cow dung and rabbit holes". Although he acquiesced to filming a sequence on location in [[Napa Valley]] near Coppola's home, the bulk of the movie was shot on Warner Bros. sound-stages and the back lot, leaving the finished film with jarring contrasts between reality and make-believe.<ref name="CD" />


Clark was nervous about her first Hollywood movie, and particularly concerned about dancing with old pro Astaire. He later confessed he was just as worried about singing with her.<ref name="CD" /> The film was partially choreographed by Astaire's long-time friend and collaborator [[Hermes Pan (choreographer)|Hermes Pan]], though he was fired by Coppola during filming.<ref>[http://www.dvdjournal.com/quickreviews/f/finiansrainbow.q.shtml DVDJournal.com]</ref> ''Finian's Rainbow'' proved to be Astaire's last major movie musical, although he danced with [[Gene Kelly]] during the linking sections of ''[[That's Entertainment, Part 2]]''.
Clark was nervous about her first Hollywood movie, and particularly concerned about dancing with the legendary Astaire. Astaire later confessed that he was just as worried about singing with her.<ref name="CD" /> The film was partially choreographed by Astaire's long-time friend and collaborator [[Hermes Pan (choreographer)|Hermes Pan]], though he was fired by Coppola during filming.<ref>[http://www.dvdjournal.com/quickreviews/f/finiansrainbow.q.shtml DVDJournal.com]</ref> ''Finian's Rainbow'' proved to be Astaire's last major movie musical, although he danced with [[Gene Kelly]] during the linking sections of MGM's ''[[That's Entertainment, Part 2]]'' (1976).


Clark recalls that Coppola's approach was at odds with the subject matter. "Francis... wanted to make it more real. The problem with ''Finian's Rainbow'' is that it's sort of like a fairy tale... so trying to make sense of it was a very delicate thing."<ref name="CD" /> Coppola opted to fall somewhere in the middle, with mixed results. Updating the story line was limited to changing Woody from a labor organizer to the manager of a [[sharecropper]]s' [[cooperative]], making college-student Howard a research botanist, and a few minor changes to the lyrics of the [[Burton Lane]] and [[E. Y. Harburg]] score, such as changing a reference to [[Carmen Miranda]] to [[Zsa Zsa Gabor]]. Other than that, the plot remains entrenched in an era that predates the [[Civil Rights Movement]].
Clark recalls that Coppola's approach was at odds with the subject matter. "Francis... wanted to make it more real. The problem with ''Finian's Rainbow'' is that it's sort of like a fairy tale... so trying to make sense of it was a very delicate thing."<ref name="CD" /> Coppola opted to fall somewhere in the middle, with mixed results. Updating the story line was limited to changing Woody from a labor organizer to the manager of a [[sharecropper]]s' [[cooperative]], making college-student Howard a research botanist, and a few minor changes to the lyrics of the [[Burton Lane]] and [[E. Y. Harburg]] score, such as changing a reference to [[Carmen Miranda]] to [[Zsa Zsa Gabor]]. Other than that, the plot remains entrenched in an era that predates the [[Civil Rights Movement]].
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The railroad scenes were filmed on the [[Sierra Railroad]] in [[Tuolumne County, California|Tuolumne County]], California.<ref>{{cite book | last =Jensen | first =Larry | authorlink = | title =Hollywood's Railroads: Sierra Railroad | publisher =Cochetopa Press | series = | volume = Two| edition = | date =2018 | location =Sequim, Washington | pages =41 | language = | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=c-RNswEACAAJ&q=Hollywood%27s+Railroads | doi = | id = | isbn =9780692064726 | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }}</ref>
The railroad scenes were filmed on the [[Sierra Railroad]] in [[Tuolumne County, California|Tuolumne County]], California.<ref>{{cite book | last =Jensen | first =Larry | authorlink = | title =Hollywood's Railroads: Sierra Railroad | publisher =Cochetopa Press | series = | volume = Two| edition = | date =2018 | location =Sequim, Washington | pages =41 | language = | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=c-RNswEACAAJ&q=Hollywood%27s+Railroads | doi = | id = | isbn =9780692064726 | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }}</ref>


Because preview audiences found the film overly long, the musical number, "Necessity", was deleted before its release, although the song remains on the soundtrack album. It can be heard as background music when Senator Rawkins shows up in Rainbow Valley attempting to buy out Finian.
Because preview audiences found the film overly long, the musical number, "Necessity", was cut before its release, although the song remains on the soundtrack album. It can be heard as background music when Senator Rawkins shows up in Rainbow Valley attempting to buy out Finian.


In August 2012, Petula Clark told the [[BBC Radio 4]] show, ''The Reunion'', that she and her fellow cast members smoked marijuana during the filming of the movie. "There was a lot of Flower Power going on," she said.<ref name=Telegraph>{{cite web|title=The Telegraph entry|date=29 August 2012 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/9505840/Fred-Astaire-used-cannabis-claims-Petula-Clark.html|access-date=March 19, 2017}}</ref>
In August 2012, Petula Clark told the [[BBC Radio 4]] show, ''The Reunion'', that she and her fellow cast members smoked marijuana during the filming of the movie. "There was a lot of Flower Power going on," she said.<ref name=Telegraph>{{cite web|title=The Telegraph entry|date=29 August 2012 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/9505840/Fred-Astaire-used-cannabis-claims-Petula-Clark.html|access-date=March 19, 2017}}</ref>
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The film premiered October 9, 1968, at the newly-opened Warner Penthouse Theatre, a portion of the subdivided former [[Strand Theatre (Manhattan)|Strand Theatre]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=May 15, 1968|page=13|title='Finian's Rainbow' Set For Warner Penthouse; Landon: 'It's a La Mode'}}</ref>
The film premiered October 9, 1968, at the newly-opened Warner Penthouse Theatre, a portion of the subdivided former [[Strand Theatre (Manhattan)|Strand Theatre]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=May 15, 1968|page=13|title='Finian's Rainbow' Set For Warner Penthouse; Landon: 'It's a La Mode'}}</ref>


==Box office==
⚫
In its first two months of release, the film earned $5.1 million in rentals in North America,<ref>"Big Rental Films of 1969", ''Variety'', 7 January 1970 p 15</ref> ending its worldwide run with $11.6 million.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldwideboxoffice.com/movie.cgi?title=Finian%27s%20Rainbow&year=1968 |publisher=Worldwide Box Office |title=Finian's Rainbow, Box Office Information |access-date=March 4, 2012}}</ref>
==Critical reception==
==Critical reception==
Released in major cities as a [[Roadshow theatrical release|roadshow presentation]], complete with intermission, at a time when the popularity of movie musicals was on the wane, the film was dismissed as inconsequential by many critics, who found Astaire's aged appearance shocking and Steele's manic performance annoying. In ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[Renata Adler]] described it as a "cheesy, joyless thing", and added, "There is something awfully depressing about seeing ''Finian's Rainbow''... with Fred Astaire looking ancient, far beyond his years, collapsed and red-eyed... it is not just that the musical is dated... it is that it has been done listlessly and even tastelessly."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Adler |first=Renata |date=October 10, 1968 |title=Petula Clark and Fred Astaire Head Cast: 2 Other Movies Begin Local Engagements |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1968/10/10/archives/petula-clark-and-fred-astaire-head-cast2-other-movies-begin-local.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref>
''Finian's Rainbow'' was released in major cities as a [[Roadshow theatrical release|roadshow presentation]], complete with intermission, at a time when the popularity of movie musicals was on the wane. The film was dismissed as inconsequential by many critics who were startled by Astaire's aged appearance and found Steele's manic performance as Og, the Leprechaun, annoying. In ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[Renata Adler]] described it as a "cheesy, joyless thing", and added, "There is something awfully depressing about seeing ''Finian's Rainbow''... with Fred Astaire looking ancient, far beyond his years, collapsed and red-eyed... it is not just that the musical is dated... it is that it has been done listlessly and even tastelessly."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Adler |first=Renata |date=October 10, 1968 |title=Petula Clark and Fred Astaire Head Cast: 2 Other Movies Begin Local Engagements |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1968/10/10/archives/petula-clark-and-fred-astaire-head-cast2-other-movies-begin-local.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref>


[[Roger Ebert]] of the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'', on the other hand, thought that it was "the best of the recent roadshow musicals.... Since ''[[The Sound of Music (film)|The Sound of Music]]'', musicals have been... long, expensive, weighed down with unnecessary production values and filled with pretension.... ''Finian's Rainbow'' is an exception.... it knows exactly where it's going, and is getting there as quickly and with as much fun as possible... It is the best-directed musical since ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]''. It is also enchanting, and that's a word I don't get to use much... it is so good, I suspect, because Astaire was willing to play it as the screenplay demands... he... created this warm old man... and played him wrinkles and all. Astaire is pushing 70, after all, and no effort was made to make him look younger with common tricks of lighting, makeup and photography. That would have been unnecessary: He has a natural youthfulness. I particularly want to make this point because of the cruel remarks on Astaire's appearance in the ''New York Times'' review by Renata Adler. She is mistaken."<ref>[[Roger Ebert]], [http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19681014/REVIEWS/810140301/1023 ''Chicago Sun-Times'' review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060110134727/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19681014%2FREVIEWS%2F810140301%2F1023 |date=2006-01-10 }}</ref>
[[Roger Ebert]] of the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'', on the other hand, thought that it was "the best of the recent roadshow musicals.... Since ''[[The Sound of Music (film)|The Sound of Music]]'', musicals have been... long, expensive, weighed down with unnecessary production values and filled with pretension.... ''Finian's Rainbow'' is an exception.... it knows exactly where it's going, and is getting there as quickly and with as much fun as possible... It is the best-directed musical since ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]''. It is also enchanting, and that's a word I don't get to use much... it is so good, I suspect, because Astaire was willing to play it as the screenplay demands... he... created this warm old man... and played him wrinkles and all. Astaire is pushing 70, after all, and no effort was made to make him look younger with common tricks of lighting, makeup and photography. That would have been unnecessary: He has a natural youthfulness. I particularly want to make this point because of the cruel remarks on Astaire's appearance in the ''New York Times'' review by Renata Adler. She is mistaken."<ref>[[Roger Ebert]], [http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19681014/REVIEWS/810140301/1023 ''Chicago Sun-Times'' review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060110134727/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19681014%2FREVIEWS%2F810140301%2F1023 |date=2006-01-10 }}</ref>


''[[Time Out London]]'' called it an "underrated musical... the best of the latter-day musicals in the tradition of [[Vincente Minnelli|Minnelli]] and [[MGM]]".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.timeout.com/film/reviews/66679/finians_rainbow.html |title=''Time Out'' review |access-date=2007-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507234622/http://www.timeout.com/film/reviews/66679/finians_rainbow.html |archive-date=2009-05-07 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
''[[Time Out London]]'' called it an "underrated musical... the best of the latter-day musicals in the tradition of [[Vincente Minnelli|Minnelli]] and MGM".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.timeout.com/film/reviews/66679/finians_rainbow.html |title=''Time Out'' review |access-date=2007-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507234622/http://www.timeout.com/film/reviews/66679/finians_rainbow.html |archive-date=2009-05-07 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


Highly praised by all was Petula Clark, who Ebert described as "a surprise. I knew she could sing, but I didn't expect much more. She is a fresh addition to the movies: a handsome profile, a bright personality, and a singing voice as unique in its own way as [[Barbra Streisand|Streisand]]'s."
Highly praised by all was Petula Clark, who Ebert described as "a surprise. I knew she could sing, but I didn't expect much more. She is a fresh addition to the movies: a handsome profile, a bright personality, and a singing voice as unique in its own way as [[Barbra Streisand|Streisand]]'s."
Line 122: Line 122:
John Mahoney of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' wrote that Clark "invites no comparisons, bringing to her interpretation of Sharon her own distinctive freshness and form of delivery".<ref name="PetNet" />
John Mahoney of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' wrote that Clark "invites no comparisons, bringing to her interpretation of Sharon her own distinctive freshness and form of delivery".<ref name="PetNet" />


In the [[New York Daily News|New York ''Daily News'']], Wanda Hale cited her "winsome charm which comes through despite a somewhat reactive role".<ref name="PetNet" />
In the [[New York Daily News|New York ''Daily News'']], Wanda Hale cited Clark's "winsome charm which comes through despite a somewhat reactive role".<ref name="PetNet" />


Joseph Morgenstern of ''[[Newsweek]]'' wrote that she "looks lovely" and "sings beautifully, with an occasional startling reference to the phrasing and timbre of [[Ella Logan]]'s original performance".<ref name="PetNet" />
Joseph Morgenstern of ''[[Newsweek]]'' wrote that Clark "looks lovely" and "sings beautifully, with an occasional startling reference to the phrasing and timbre of [[Ella Logan]]'s original performance".<ref name="PetNet" />


''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' observed, "Miss Clark gives a good performance and she sings the beautiful songs like a nightingale."<ref name="PetNet" />
''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' observed, "Miss Clark gives a good performance and she sings the beautiful songs like a nightingale."<ref name="PetNet" />


==Legacy==
⚫
In its first two months, the film earned $5.1 million in rentals in North America,<ref>"Big Rental Films of 1969", ''Variety'', 7 January 1970 p 15</ref> ending its worldwide run with $11.6 million.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldwideboxoffice.com/movie.cgi?title=Finian%27s%20Rainbow&year=1968 |publisher=Worldwide Box Office |title=Finian's Rainbow, Box Office Information |access-date=March 4, 2012}}</ref>

The [[Coen brothers]] expressed that the film is among their favorite films: "I remember when we worked with [[Nicolas Cage]] on ''[[Raising Arizona]]'', we talked about his uncle, Francis Ford Coppola, and told him that ''Finian's Rainbow'', which hardly anyone has ever seen, was one of our favorite films. He told his uncle, who I think has considered us deranged ever since."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cinephiliabeyond.org/no-country-for-old-men/|title='No Country for Old Men': The Coen Brothers and Cormac McCarthy's Ruthless Examination of Life • Cinephilia & Beyond|date=2018-08-16|website=Cinephilia & Beyond|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-18}}</ref>
The [[Coen brothers]] expressed that the film is among their favorite films: "I remember when we worked with [[Nicolas Cage]] on ''[[Raising Arizona]]'', we talked about his uncle, Francis Ford Coppola, and told him that ''Finian's Rainbow'', which hardly anyone has ever seen, was one of our favorite films. He told his uncle, who I think has considered us deranged ever since."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cinephiliabeyond.org/no-country-for-old-men/|title='No Country for Old Men': The Coen Brothers and Cormac McCarthy's Ruthless Examination of Life • Cinephilia & Beyond|date=2018-08-16|website=Cinephilia & Beyond|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-18}}</ref>


Line 208: Line 207:


* {{IMDb title}}
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{AllMovie title}}
* {{TCMDb title}}
* {{TCMDb title}}
* {{AFI film}}
* {{AFI film}}
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[[Category:Irish musical comedy films]]
[[Category:Irish musical comedy films]]
[[Category:1960s English-language films]]
[[Category:1960s English-language films]]
⚫
[[Category:English-language Irish films]]
[[Category:Leprechaun films]]
[[Category:Leprechaun films]]
[[Category:1960s musical fantasy films]]
[[Category:1960s musical fantasy films]]
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[[Category:Napa Valley]]
[[Category:Napa Valley]]
[[Category:1960s American films]]
[[Category:1960s American films]]
⚫
[[Category:Films about prejudice]]
[[category:Comedy franchises]]
[[Category:Blackface minstrel shows and films]]
⚫
[[category:Films about prejudice]]
[[Category:English-language musical fantasy films]]
[[category:Fantasy franchises]]
⚫
[[Category:English-language musical comedy films]]

Latest revision as of 21:21, 4 January 2025

Finian's Rainbow
Theatrical release poster, artwork by Ted CoConis
Directed byFrancis Ford Coppola
Screenplay byE. Y. Harburg
Fred Saidy
Based onFinian's Rainbow
by E. Y. Harburg
Fred Saidy
Produced byJoseph Landon
StarringFred Astaire
Petula Clark
Don Francks
Keenan Wynn
Al Freeman Jr.
Barbara Hancock
Tommy Steele
CinematographyPhilip H. Lathrop
Edited byMelvin Shapiro
Music by
Production
company
Distributed byWarner Bros.-Seven Arts
Release date
  • October 9, 1968 (1968-10-09)
Running time
145 minutes
CountryUnited States[1]
LanguageEnglish
Budget$3.5 million
Box office$11.6 million

Finian's Rainbow is a 1968 American[1] musical fantasy film directed by Francis Ford Coppola and adapted by E. Y. Harburg and Fred Saidy from the 1947 stage musical of the same name. It stars Fred Astaire, Petula Clark, and Tommy Steele. The plot follows an Irishman and his daughter, who steal a leprechaun's magic pot of gold and emigrate to the American South, where they become involved in a dispute between rural landowners and a greedy, racist U.S. senator.

Finian's Rainbow was Coppola's second film for a major studio, and third overall directorial work. It was released by Warner Bros.-Seven Arts on October 9, 1968, and was both a critical and commercial success. It received Oscar nominations for Best Score (Ray Heindorf) and Best Sound, along with five Golden Globe nominations, including for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.

Plot

[edit]

A scheming immigrant named Finian McLonergan arrives in America from his native Ireland, having absconded with a crock full of gold secreted in a carpetbag, plus his daughter Sharon in tow. His destination is Rainbow Valley in the fictional state of Missitucky, where he plans to bury his treasure in the mistaken belief that, given its proximity to Fort Knox, it will multiply.

Hot on Finian's heels is the leprechaun, Og, desperate to recover his stolen crock before he turns human. Among those who end up involved in the conflict are Woody Mahoney, a ne'er-do-well dreamer who woos Sharon; Woody's mute sister, Susan, who expresses herself in dance; Woody's good friend and business partner, Howard, an African-American botanist determined to develop a tobacco and mint hybrid; and Senator Billboard Rawkins, who is bigoted against African-Americans.

Complications arise when Rawkins, believing that there is gold in Rainbow Valley, attempts to seize the land from the people who live there, and makes some racial slurs while doing so. Sharon furiously wishes that he would turn black. Because she happens to be unknowingly standing on the spot where the magical crock of gold, which is capable of granting three wishes, is buried, Rawkins becomes a black man. Rawkins's dog, which has been trained to attack black people, chases him into the woods. The sheriff returns with the district attorney, who threatens to charge Sharon with witchcraft unless Rawkins is produced. Rawkins runs into Og in the woods, and tells him that a witch changed him from a white man to black. Seeing that the change of skin tone did nothing to alter his bigotry, Og casts a spell to make Rawkins more open-minded.

The townspeople gather in the barn for the wedding of Sharon and Woody, but the sheriff, his deputies, and the district attorney interrupt the ceremony and arrest Sharon for witchcraft. Finian convinces them that Sharon can change Rawkins back to white overnight, and they lock Sharon and Woody in the barn until daybreak. To save his daughter, Finian tries to find the crock of gold that he buried, unaware that Susan has discovered it and moved it. Og meets with Susan on the bridge under which she has hidden the gold and, as he develops romantic feelings for her in absence of Sharon, wishes that she could talk. When she begins to speak, Og realizes that he must be standing above the crock.

As the district attorney sets the barn on fire with Sharon and Woody locked inside, Og debates whether or not to use the gold's final wish to save Sharon by turning the senator white again, knowing that the crock would lose its magic, the gold would disappear, and he would become fully mortal. After a passionate kiss from Susan, he happily accepts his fate to become human and wishes Rawkins white again. Sharon and Woody are released from the burning barn, and it is discovered that Howard's mentholated tobacco experiments have at last been successful, ensuring financial success for all the poor people of Rainbow Valley regardless of skin color. Sharon and Woody are wed, and everyone bids a fond farewell to Finian, who leaves Rainbow Valley in search of his own rainbow.

Cast

[edit]

Production

[edit]

Development

[edit]

Because the musical was a success on stage, an interest in a film version existed early. In 1948, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer wanted to acquire it as a vehicle for Mickey Rooney; however, MGM balked at Harburg's price of $1 million for the rights and complete creative control.[2] For a time, a German company wanted to make the film version. In 1954, the Distributors Corporation of America began producing an animated film adaptation. A soundtrack of the score was recorded by Frank Sinatra, Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, but the film was abandoned. In 1958, the authors of the musical teamed with Sidney Buchman to produce a film independently, but the project did not proceed.[3]

In 1960, the film rights were held by Marvin Rothenberg, who wanted Michael Gordon to direct and Debbie Reynolds to star. It was announced that the film would be budgeted at $2 million, and released by United Artists,[3][4] but once again, the film was never made.[5] At that time, Harburg stated that he was told that part of the reason it was so difficult to get a film version made of Finian's Rainbow was because Hollywood was wary of making fantasy musicals.[6] Another reason was the McCarthyism of the period.[2] In 1965, Harold Hecht bought the film rights, and hired Harburg and Saidy to write a script and some new songs. Hecht said that he intended to film in nine months. "This time we really mean business", said Harburg. "We've gotten a substantial deal and participation in money and production. Up until now, Finian has been making so much money on the road that we didn't want to kill the goose laying all those golden eggs. But you become more idealistic as you grow older and you tend to stop thinking about yourself."[7] Dick Van Dyke was considered to play the role of Finian, but financial problems caused the filming to be postponed, and Van Dyke dropped out to work on other projects.[8][full citation needed]

Warner Bros.

[edit]

In September 1966, Warner Bros. announced that it had the rights, and would make a film produced by Joseph Landon and starring Fred Astaire, with the aim to get Tommy Steele as the leprechaun. The budget was expected to be $4 million.[9][10] Francis Ford Coppola was signed as director in February 1967.[11] Steele was confirmed as the Irish leprechaun, although Robert Morse had expressed interest.[12]

With the then-unreleased Camelot having proven to be more costly than anticipated, and its commercial prospects still unknown, Jack L. Warner was having second thoughts about undertaking another musical film, but when he saw Petula Clark perform on her opening night at the Cocoanut Grove in the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, he knew that he had found the ideal Sharon.[13] Warner decided to forge ahead and hope for the best, despite his misgivings of having nearly-novice "hippie" director, Francis Ford Coppola, at the helm. Coppola called the film "a very low-budget film that had the appearance of being very high-budget", and recalled that several of Finian's sets were, in fact, recycled and refurbished from Camelot.[14]

Although Petula Clark had made many films in the 1940s and 1950s in her native England as a child star, this was her first starring role in 10 years, and her first film appearance since becoming an international pop star in the mid-1960s.

Fred Astaire's last appearance in a movie musical had been Silk Stockings, eleven years earlier. He had concentrated on his TV specials in the interim, but was persuaded at the age of 69 to return to the big screen. Given his status as a screen legend, and to accommodate his talents, the role of Finian was expanded for the film version and Astaire received top billing, rather than the part's original third billing.

While a construction crew transformed more than nine acres of the Warner Bros. back-lot into Rainbow Valley, complete with a narrow gauge railway, schoolhouse, general store, post office, residential houses and barns, Coppola spent five weeks rehearsing the cast. Before principal photography began, a complete performance of the film was presented to an audience on a studio sound stage.[15] In the liner notes that she wrote for the 2004 Rhino Records limited, numbered-edition CD reissue of the soundtrack album, Clark recalls that Golden Age-Hollywood Astaire was puzzled by Coppola's contemporary methods of filmmaking, and balked at dancing in "a real field with cow dung and rabbit holes". Although he acquiesced to filming a sequence on location in Napa Valley near Coppola's home, the bulk of the movie was shot on Warner Bros. sound-stages and the back lot, leaving the finished film with jarring contrasts between reality and make-believe.[13]

Clark was nervous about her first Hollywood movie, and particularly concerned about dancing with the legendary Astaire. Astaire later confessed that he was just as worried about singing with her.[13] The film was partially choreographed by Astaire's long-time friend and collaborator Hermes Pan, though he was fired by Coppola during filming.[16] Finian's Rainbow proved to be Astaire's last major movie musical, although he danced with Gene Kelly during the linking sections of MGM's That's Entertainment, Part 2 (1976).

Clark recalls that Coppola's approach was at odds with the subject matter. "Francis... wanted to make it more real. The problem with Finian's Rainbow is that it's sort of like a fairy tale... so trying to make sense of it was a very delicate thing."[13] Coppola opted to fall somewhere in the middle, with mixed results. Updating the story line was limited to changing Woody from a labor organizer to the manager of a sharecroppers' cooperative, making college-student Howard a research botanist, and a few minor changes to the lyrics of the Burton Lane and E. Y. Harburg score, such as changing a reference to Carmen Miranda to Zsa Zsa Gabor. Other than that, the plot remains entrenched in an era that predates the Civil Rights Movement.

The railroad scenes were filmed on the Sierra Railroad in Tuolumne County, California.[17]

Because preview audiences found the film overly long, the musical number, "Necessity", was cut before its release, although the song remains on the soundtrack album. It can be heard as background music when Senator Rawkins shows up in Rainbow Valley attempting to buy out Finian.

In August 2012, Petula Clark told the BBC Radio 4 show, The Reunion, that she and her fellow cast members smoked marijuana during the filming of the movie. "There was a lot of Flower Power going on," she said.[18]

Soundtrack CD

[edit]
CD cover
  • Overture
  • Look to the Rainbow
  • This Time of the Year
  • How Are Things in Glocca Morra?
  • Look to the Rainbow (Reprise)
  • Old Devil Moon
  • Something Sort of Grandish
  • If This Isn't Love
  • (That) Great Come-and-Get-It-Day
  • Entr'acte
  • When the Idle Poor Become the Idle Rich
  • Rain Dance Ballet
  • The Begat
  • When I'm Not Near the Girl I Love
  • How Are Things in Glocca Morra? (Reprise)
  • Exit Music

Release

[edit]

The film premiered October 9, 1968, at the newly-opened Warner Penthouse Theatre, a portion of the subdivided former Strand Theatre in New York City.[19]

Box office

[edit]

In its first two months of release, the film earned $5.1 million in rentals in North America,[20] ending its worldwide run with $11.6 million.[21]

Critical reception

[edit]

Finian's Rainbow was released in major cities as a roadshow presentation, complete with intermission, at a time when the popularity of movie musicals was on the wane. The film was dismissed as inconsequential by many critics who were startled by Astaire's aged appearance and found Steele's manic performance as Og, the Leprechaun, annoying. In The New York Times, Renata Adler described it as a "cheesy, joyless thing", and added, "There is something awfully depressing about seeing Finian's Rainbow... with Fred Astaire looking ancient, far beyond his years, collapsed and red-eyed... it is not just that the musical is dated... it is that it has been done listlessly and even tastelessly."[22]

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times, on the other hand, thought that it was "the best of the recent roadshow musicals.... Since The Sound of Music, musicals have been... long, expensive, weighed down with unnecessary production values and filled with pretension.... Finian's Rainbow is an exception.... it knows exactly where it's going, and is getting there as quickly and with as much fun as possible... It is the best-directed musical since West Side Story. It is also enchanting, and that's a word I don't get to use much... it is so good, I suspect, because Astaire was willing to play it as the screenplay demands... he... created this warm old man... and played him wrinkles and all. Astaire is pushing 70, after all, and no effort was made to make him look younger with common tricks of lighting, makeup and photography. That would have been unnecessary: He has a natural youthfulness. I particularly want to make this point because of the cruel remarks on Astaire's appearance in the New York Times review by Renata Adler. She is mistaken."[23]

Time Out London called it an "underrated musical... the best of the latter-day musicals in the tradition of Minnelli and MGM".[24]

Highly praised by all was Petula Clark, who Ebert described as "a surprise. I knew she could sing, but I didn't expect much more. She is a fresh addition to the movies: a handsome profile, a bright personality, and a singing voice as unique in its own way as Streisand's."

John Mahoney of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that Clark "invites no comparisons, bringing to her interpretation of Sharon her own distinctive freshness and form of delivery".[15]

In the New York Daily News, Wanda Hale cited Clark's "winsome charm which comes through despite a somewhat reactive role".[15]

Joseph Morgenstern of Newsweek wrote that Clark "looks lovely" and "sings beautifully, with an occasional startling reference to the phrasing and timbre of Ella Logan's original performance".[15]

Variety observed, "Miss Clark gives a good performance and she sings the beautiful songs like a nightingale."[15]

Legacy

[edit]

The Coen brothers expressed that the film is among their favorite films: "I remember when we worked with Nicolas Cage on Raising Arizona, we talked about his uncle, Francis Ford Coppola, and told him that Finian's Rainbow, which hardly anyone has ever seen, was one of our favorite films. He told his uncle, who I think has considered us deranged ever since."[25]

Awards and nominations

[edit]
Award Category Nominee(s) Result Ref.
Academy Awards Best Score of a Musical Picture – Original or Adaptation Ray Heindorf Nominated [26]
Best Sound Warner Bros.-Seven Arts Studio Sound Dept. Nominated
Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Nominated [27]
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Fred Astaire Nominated
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Petula Clark Nominated
Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture Barbara Hancock Nominated
Most Promising Newcomer – Female Nominated
Golden Reel Awards Best Sound Editing – Dialogue Won [28]
Laurel Awards Top Female New Face Petula Clark 7th Place
Writers Guild of America Awards Best Written American Musical E. Y. Harburg and Fred Saidy Nominated [29]

The song, "How Are Things in Glocca Morra?", was nominated by the American Film Institute in its 2004 list AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs.[30]

Home media

[edit]

The film was released on DVD March 15, 2005. Presented in anamorphic widescreen format, the release captured Astaire's footwork, much of which was unseen at the time of the original release because it had been cropped out during a conversion from 35mm to 70mm film.[citation needed]

There are audio tracks in English and French, with both the dialogue and songs translated to the latter (fluent in French, Clark was the sole cast member to record her own songs for the foreign version of the film); a commentary track by Francis Ford Coppola, who in hindsight was critical of his work on the film; a featurette on the world premiere of the film; and the original theatrical trailer.

The film was released on Blu-ray March 7, 2017.[31]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Finian's Rainbow (1968)". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. Retrieved 2024-03-05.
  2. ^ a b Philip K. Scheuer Special to the (Dec 26, 1967). "Deck Is Stacked Against Broadway". Los Angeles Times. p. C7.
  3. ^ a b A.H. WEILER (Apr 17, 1960). "VIEW FROM A LOCAL VANTAGE POINT". New York Times. p. X5.
  4. ^ Scheuer, Philip K. (Jan 8, 1960). "Director's First Comedy a Smash: They Told Gordon He Couldn't Make One---Till 'Pillow Talk'!". Los Angeles Times. p. A7.
  5. ^ A.H. WEILER (Dec 25, 1960). "GREAT EXPECTATIONS: Or, the Annual Survey of a Few Fine Plans That Failed to Materialize". New York Times. p. X9.
  6. ^ John Crosby. (May 22, 1960). "Age of the Unthinking' Blamed on Broadcasters". The Washington Post. p. G13.
  7. ^ A.H. WEILER (Nov 7, 1965). "Smutty Nose to 93rd St.: More About Movies". New York Times. p. X11.
  8. ^ (Source: "The Films of Fred Astaire")
  9. ^ Martin, Betty (Sep 28, 1966). "MOVIE CALL SHEET: Warners to Film 'Rainbow'". Los Angeles Times. p. D12.
  10. ^ A.H. WEILER (Sep 28, 1966). "WARNERS TO CAST FOR A POT OF GOLD: 'Finian's Rainbow' Film with Fred Astaire Is Announced". New York Times. p. 41.
  11. ^ Martin, Betty (Feb 13, 1967). "Coppola to Direct 'Rainbow'". Los Angeles Times. p. c23.
  12. ^ Martin, Betty (Apr 3, 1967). "Steele in 'Finian's Rainbow'". Los Angeles Times. p. c30.
  13. ^ a b c d Finian's Rainbow Original Soundtrack CD liner notes
  14. ^ TCM Comments on Finian's Rainbow (1968), 25 December 2021, retrieved 2024-03-08
  15. ^ a b c d e "Finian's Rainbow at PetulaClark.net". Archived from the original on 2009-02-26. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  16. ^ DVDJournal.com
  17. ^ Jensen, Larry (2018). Hollywood's Railroads: Sierra Railroad. Vol. Two. Sequim, Washington: Cochetopa Press. p. 41. ISBN 9780692064726.
  18. ^ "The Telegraph entry". 29 August 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2017.
  19. ^ "'Finian's Rainbow' Set For Warner Penthouse; Landon: 'It's a La Mode'". Variety. May 15, 1968. p. 13.
  20. ^ "Big Rental Films of 1969", Variety, 7 January 1970 p 15
  21. ^ "Finian's Rainbow, Box Office Information". Worldwide Box Office. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
  22. ^ Adler, Renata (October 10, 1968). "Petula Clark and Fred Astaire Head Cast: 2 Other Movies Begin Local Engagements". The New York Times.
  23. ^ Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times review Archived 2006-01-10 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ "Time Out review". Archived from the original on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2007-12-03.
  25. ^ "'No Country for Old Men': The Coen Brothers and Cormac McCarthy's Ruthless Examination of Life • Cinephilia & Beyond". Cinephilia & Beyond. 2018-08-16. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
  26. ^ "The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
  27. ^ "Finian's Rainbow". Golden Globe Awards. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
  28. ^ "Nominees/Winners". IMDb. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
  29. ^ "Awards Winners". Writers Guild of America Awards. Archived from the original on 2012-12-05. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
  30. ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs Nominees" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-17. Retrieved 2016-07-30.
  31. ^ Blu-Ray.com review
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