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Coordinates: 32°58′48″N 75°42′49″E / 32.980033°N 75.713706°E / 32.980033; 75.713706
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{{short description|Town and Tourist destination in Jammu and Kashmir}}
{{short description|Town and sub-district in Jammu and Kashmir, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bhaderwah
| name = Bhaderwah
| native_name = Bhaderkashi <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| native_name = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| native_name_lang = Bhaderwahi
| native_name_lang = Bhaderwahi
| other_name =
| other_name =
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| population_rank =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = [[Bhadarwahis|Bhaderwahi]]
| population_demonym = Bhaderwahi
| population_footnotes = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
| population_footnotes = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics_type1 = Languages
Line 53: Line 53:
| demographics1_info1 =
| demographics1_info1 =
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken languages
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken languages
| demographics1_info2 = [[Bhadarwahi language|Bhaderwahi]], [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Dogri]], [[Gaddi language|Gaddi]], [[Hindi]], [[Gojri]], Khașāli<ref name="pahari and other dialects of Jammu">{{cite book
| demographics1_info2 = [[Bhadarwahi language|Bhaderwahi]], [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[Gaddi language|Gaddi]], [[Hindi]], [[Gojri]], Khașāli<ref name="pahari and other dialects of Jammu">{{cite book
|last=Kaul
|last=Kaul
|first=P.K.
|first=P.K.
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| postal_code = 182222
| postal_code = 182222
| blank_name_sec1 = Additional District Commissioner Bhaderwah
| blank_name_sec1 = Additional District Commissioner Bhaderwah
| blank_info_sec1 = Chowdhary Dil Mir ([[Jammu and Kashmir Administrative Service|KAS]])
| blank_info_sec1 = Sunil Kumar
| blank1_name_sec1 = BDC Chairperson{{refn|name=definition of BDC|Block Development Councillor}}
| blank1_name_sec1 = BDC Chairperson{{refn|name=definition of BDC|Block Development Councillor}}
| blank1_info_sec1 = Omi Chand<ref name="India 2019">{{cite web | title=Members of BDC - District Doda | website=India | date=20 November 2019 | url=https://doda.nic.in/department/bdc/ | access-date=1 April 2023}}</ref>
| blank1_info_sec1 = Omi Chand<ref name="India 2019">{{cite web | title=Members of BDC - District Doda | website=India | date=20 November 2019 | url=https://doda.nic.in/department/bdc/ | access-date=1 April 2023}}</ref>
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}}
}}


'''Bhaderwah''' or '''Bhadarwah''' (also ''Bhaderwah Valley'') is a town, [[tehsil]], and sub-district in the [[Doda district]] of [[Jammu Division]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.<ref name="jtourism">{{Cite web|title=Explore Bhaderwah in Jammu Province |url=http://jammutourism.gov.in/exploreJammu-Bhaderwah.html |work=Department of Tourism, Jammu and Kashmir|access-date=6 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Administrative Setup {{!}} District Doda {{!}} India|url=https://doda.nic.in/administrative-setup/|access-date=7 February 2022|language=en-US}}</ref>
'''Bhaderwah''' or '''Bhadarwah''' (also ''Bhaderwah Valley'') is a town, [[tehsil]], and sub-district in the [[Doda district]] of [[Jammu Division]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.<ref name="jtourism">{{Cite web|title=Explore Bhaderwah in Jammu Province |url=http://jammutourism.gov.in/exploreJammu-Bhaderwah.html |work=Department of Tourism, Jammu and Kashmir|access-date=6 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Administrative Setup {{!}} District Doda {{!}} India|url=https://doda.nic.in/administrative-setup/|access-date=7 February 2022|language=en-US}}</ref> Bhaderwah Valley is famous for it's beauty, nature. Bhaderwah valley is known as 'Land Of Snakes'. Bhaderwah is also a land of fairs and festivals like Mela Pat, Subar Dhar Mela, Kud dance, Pahari folk songs and music. It also has heritage sites like the Fort, hundered years old mosque and an ancient Vasuki Nag Temple.

==Etymology and names==
==Etymology and names==
The name Bhaderwah derives from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''Bhadarwasa'' meaning "a place of living of supreme and intellect mankind".<ref>{{citation |last=Sharma |first=Neetika |chapter=Naag Deity Worship in Bhaderwah: A Case Study of Jaatra Ritual |editor=Abha Chauhan |title=Understanding Culture and Society in India: A Study of Sufis, Saints and Deities in Jammu Region |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=izQ1EAAAQBAJ |year=2021 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |page=224 |isbn=978-981-16-1597-9 }}</ref> Alternatively, the name may derive from ''Bhadarkashi'', a name given to the town for the ancient temple of Hindu goddess [[Bhadrakali]] located in the area.<ref>{{citation |last=Qazi |first=S.A. |year=2005 |title=Systematic Geography of Jammu and Kashmir |publisher=APH Publishing |place=New Delhi |page=242 |isbn=81-7648-786-4}}
The name Bhaderwah derives from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''Bhadarwasa'' meaning "a place of living of supreme and intellect mankind".<ref>{{citation |last=Sharma |first=Neetika |chapter=Naag Deity Worship in Bhaderwah: A Case Study of Jaatra Ritual |editor=Abha Chauhan |title=Understanding Culture and Society in India: A Study of Sufis, Saints and Deities in Jammu Region |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=izQ1EAAAQBAJ |year=2021 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |page=224 |isbn=978-981-16-1597-9 }}</ref> Alternatively, the name may derive from ''Bhadarkashi'', a name given to the town for the ancient temple of Hindu goddess [[Bhadrakali]] located in the area.<ref>{{citation |last=Qazi |first=S.A. |year=2005 |title=Systematic Geography of Jammu and Kashmir |publisher=APH Publishing |place=New Delhi |page=242 |isbn=81-7648-786-4}}
</ref><ref name=drew>{{citation |last1=Drew |first1=Frederic |year=1875 |title=The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account, Part 73 |publisher=E. Stanford |page=105}}</ref> The area is called ''Bhadar Avkash'' ({{literally|a good resting place}}) and ''Bhadar Pura'' in the 12th century Sanskrit chronicle [[Rajatarangini]], with the former likely a name given to the region by foreign Kashmiri rulers.<ref>{{citation |last=Kaul |first=P.K. |year=1993 |title=Himalayan Principalities in Jammu, Kangra and Bahadarwah |publisher=Jay Kay Book House |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Himalayan_Principalities_in_Jammu_Kangra.html?id=LUpuAAAAMAAJ |page=134}}
</ref><ref name=drew>{{citation |last1=Drew |first1=Frederic |year=1875 |title=The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account, Part 73 |publisher=E. Stanford |page=105}}</ref> The area is called ''Bhadar Avkash'' ({{literally|a good resting place}}) and ''Bhadar Pura'' in the 12th century Sanskrit chronicle [[Rajatarangini]], with the former likely a name given to the region by foreign Kashmiri rulers.<ref>{{citation |last=Kaul |first=P.K. |year=1993 |title=Himalayan Principalities in Jammu, Kangra and Bahadarwah |publisher=Jay Kay Book House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LUpuAAAAMAAJ |page=134}}
</ref>{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=224}} The area is sometimes referred to as ''chota Kashmir'' or "little Kashmir" because of topographic similarities with the [[Kashmir valley]],<ref>{{citation |editor-last= Chauhan |editor-first=Abha |title=Understanding Culture and Society in India: A Study of Sufis, Saints and Deities in Jammu Region |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=izQ1EAAAQBAJ |year=2021 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |page=287 |isbn=978-981-16-1597-9 }}</ref> and is called Bhadarkashi by the Hindus of the region.<ref name=drew/>
</ref>{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=224}} The area is sometimes referred to as ''Chota Kashmir'' or "little Kashmir" because of topographic similarities with the [[Kashmir valley]],<ref>{{citation |editor-last= Chauhan |editor-first=Abha |title=Understanding Culture and Society in India: A Study of Sufis, Saints and Deities in Jammu Region |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=izQ1EAAAQBAJ |year=2021 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |page=287 |isbn=978-981-16-1597-9 }}</ref> and is called Bhadarkashi by the Hindus of the region.<ref name=drew/>


==History==
==History==
The early history of Bhaderwah is not well-known,{{sfn|Kaul|1993|pages=135-140}} Padhas (who are Pandits) and Meghas are believed to be the original inhabitants of the region.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=225}} Bhaderwah was ruled by its native rulers up until 8th century AD.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=224}} During 10th-11th centuries BC, it came under the rule of Ananta and Kalsha of neighbouring Kashmir, and later under the rule of Ranjit Dev of Jammu.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|pages=224-225}} The region finds mention in the 12th century chronicle Rajatarangini. Local hill chieftains or ''Ranas'' of the Pal clan ruled the area during the 12th-16th centuries BC. According to folk history, a local ruler named Nag Pal impressed Mughal emperor [[Akbar]] in the 16th century with his spiritual prowess, compelling the emperor to make several offerings to him.{{sfn|Kaul1993|pages=172-173}} The event is since commemorated annually during a celebration known as [[Mela Patt]], on [[Naga Panchami]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Excelsior |first=Daily |date=6 February 2016 |title=Past, present of Doda |language=en-US |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/past-present-of-doda/|work=[[Daily Excelsior]] |access-date=14 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Three-day historic Mela-Patt begins | website=[[Daily Excelsior]] | date=11 September 2021 | url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/three-day-historic-mela-patt-begins-2/ | access-date=22 September 2023}}</ref> By the end of the 16th century BC, it was annexed by the rulers of [[Chamba State|Chamba]], who exercised influence over the Pal ''raja''s. In 1820, a local warrior Shaktu Kotwal defeated the Chamba army to install the short-lived rule of Raja Pahar Chand.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=225}} The next year, Chamba regained controlled over the region with the help of the [[Sikh empire]]. Many Kashmiri shawl weavers settled in the town during this time. The region became part of the [[Dogra dynasty|Dogra Kingdom]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] following the [[Treaty of Amritsar (1846)|Treaty of Amritsar]] in 1846, according to which the possessions of Chamba state to the west of [[Ravi river]], including the Bhaderwah principality, were given to [[Gulab Singh]].{{sfn|Kaul|1993|pages=201-202}}
Raja bhader pal founded bhaderwah, bhaderwah is also known as bhaderkashi, nagon ki bhoomi..Raja was a pal rajput dynasty.. modern day rajputs are the descendants of original bhaderwahi's..Bhaderwah was ruled by its native rulers up until 8th century AD.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=224}} During the 10th-11th centuries AD, it came under the rule of [[Ananta (king)|Ananta]] and Kalsha of neighbouring Kashmir.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|page=224}} The region finds mentions in the 12th century chronicle, Rajatarangini. Local hill chieftains or ''Ranas'' of the Pal clan (originally Chanderbansi Baloria Rajputs from Billawar princely state) ruled the area during the 8th-16th centuries AD. The lineage of Pal rulers started from Raja Radhikpal, (son of Raja Bhogpal of Balor and brother of sadhkpal who was given principality of Basohli) followed by his son Bhaderpal (named after Bhaderkali temple constructed by Raja Radhik Pal), Prithvi pal, Ajaypal, and many more. According to folk history, a local ruler named Nag Pal impressed Mughal emperor [[Akbar]] in the 16th century with his spiritual prowess, compelling the emperor to make several offerings to him.{{sfn|Kaul1993|pages=172-173}} The event is since commemorated annually during a celebration known as [[Mela Patt]], on [[Naga Panchami]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Excelsior |first=Daily |date=6 February 2016 |title=Past, present of Doda |language=en-US |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/past-present-of-doda/|work=[[Daily Excelsior]] |access-date=14 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Three-day historic Mela-Patt begins | website=[[Daily Excelsior]] | date=11 September 2021 | url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/three-day-historic-mela-patt-begins-2/ | access-date=22 September 2023}}</ref>
By the end of the 16th century, it was annexed by the rulers of [[Chamba State|Chamba]], who exercised influence over the Pal ''raja''s. In 1820, the cousin of last ruler of Pal dynasty, Raja Pahadchand, ascended the throne and fought against Chamba forces who were led by Wazir Nathu. Raja Pahadchand won the battle but Wazir Nathu attacked again on Bhaderwah with the help of the Sikhs and captured Bhaderwah. The Raja of Chamba gave the throne of Bhaderwah to his younger brother Parakram Singh. After the death of parakram Singh, Raja [[Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)|Zorawar Singh]] was made Governor of Bhaderwah. Many Kashmiri shawl weavers settled in the town during this time. The region became part of the [[Dogra dynasty|Dogra Kingdom]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] following the [[Treaty of Amritsar (1846)|Treaty of Amritsar]] in 1846, according to which the possessions of Chamba state to the west of [[Ravi river]], including the Bhaderwah principality, were given to [[Gulab Singh]].{{sfn|Kaul|1993|pages=201-202}}


===Dogra rule===
===Dogra rule===
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==Culture==
==Culture==


Bhaderwah is also a land of fairs and festivals like Mela Pat, Subar Dhar Mela, Kud dance, Pahari folk songs and music. It also has heritage sites like the Ratangarh Fort, hundred-years-old Jamia Masjid, and an ancient Vasuki Nag Temple.
Bhaderwah is also a land of fairs and festivals like Mela Pat, Subar Dhar Mela, Kud dance, Pahari folk songs and music. It also has heritage sites like the Ratangarh Fort, hundred-years-old Jamia Masjid, and an ancient Vasuki Nag Temple. The area has rich culture of various communities


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
⚫
According to the [[2011 census of India]], the Bhaderwah tehsil had a population of 75,376 while the population of the Bhaderwah town was 11,084. This gave the tehsil a population density of 670 persons per km<sup>2</sup> (1,700 per square mile). Out of the total population of the tehsil, 39,051 individuals were male and 36,325 were female, giving it a sex ratio of 930 females for every 1000 males. The tehsil had a literacy rate of 75.51%. Scheduled castes formed 19.3% of the population, while scheduled tribes were 6.2%.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|p=218}}

⚫
===Religion===
⚫
Per the 2011 census, [[Hindus]] formed a majority of Bhaderwah tehsil's population, constituting 58.02% of the total.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|p=218}}<ref name=census2011-C01>{{cite report |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW01C-01%20MDDS.XLS |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=7 April 2024}}</ref> The remaining population is mainly [[Muslim]] (41.71%) with small numbers of [[Christians]] (0.13%) and [[Sikhs]] (0.11%). Hindus have historically formed a majority in the region, with the former Bhaderwah Jagir recording a 61.13% Hindu majority in the 1911 census.{{sfn|Kaul|1993|pages=128-129}}

⚫
===Languages===
⚫
A majority of the population of Bhaderwah tehsil are speakers of the [[Bhadarwahi language]], with around 53% of the total population speaking the language as a mother tongue, according to the 2011 census.<ref name=census2011-C16>{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir |url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0100.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=7 April 2024}}</ref> The tehsil also had a large [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]-speaking minority (33.6% of the total), and significant numbers of speakers of [[Dogri]] (4.7%), [[Gaddi language|Gaddi]] (3.35%), [[Hindi]] (1.6%) and [[Gojri]] (1.5%) languages.<ref name=census2011-C16/>

{{Historical populations
{{Historical populations
| source = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
| source = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
| align = right
| percentages=pagr
| percentages=pagr
| cols = 1
| cols = 1
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| 2011 | 11,084
| 2011 | 11,084
}}
}}
⚫
According to the [[2011 census of India]], the Bhaderwah tehsil had a population of 75,376 while the population of the Bhaderwah town was 11,084. This gave the tehsil a population density of 670 persons per km<sup>2</sup> (1,700 per square mile). Out of the total population of the tehsil, 39,051 individuals were male and 36,325 were female, giving it a sex ratio of 930 females for every 1000 males. The tehsil had a literacy rate of 75.51%. Scheduled castes formed 19.3% of the population, while scheduled tribes were 6.2%.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|p=218}}


⚫
===Religion===
{{Bar box
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in Bhaderwah (2011)<ref name=census2011-C01/>
|title=Religion in Bhaderwah (2011)<ref name=census2011-C01/>
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{{Bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.27}}
{{Bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.27}}
}}
}}
⚫
Per the 2011 census, [[Hindus]] formed a majority of Bhaderwah tehsil's population, constituting 58.02% of the total.{{sfn|Sharma|2021|p=218}}<ref name=census2011-C01>{{cite report |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW01C-01%20MDDS.XLS |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=7 April 2024}}</ref> The remaining population is mainly [[Muslim]] (41.71%) with small numbers of [[Christians]] (0.13%) and [[Sikhs]] (0.11%). Hindus have historically formed a majority in the region, with the former Bhaderwah Jagir recording a 61.13% Hindu majority in the 1911 census.{{sfn|Kaul|1993|pages=128-129}}


⚫
===Languages===
{{Pie chart
{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
|thumb = right
|caption= Languages of Bhaderwah (2011)<ref name=census2011-C16/>
|caption= Languages of Bhaderwah (2011)<ref name=census2011-C16/>
|label1 = [[Bhadarwahi language|Bhadarwahi]] |value1 = 52.67 |color1 = darkorchid
|label1 = [[Bhadarwahi language|Bhadarwahi]] |value1 = 52.67 |color1 = darkorchid
Line 136: Line 136:
|label7 = Others |value7 = 2.51 |color7 = grey
|label7 = Others |value7 = 2.51 |color7 = grey
}}
}}
⚫
A majority of the population of Bhaderwah tehsil are speakers of the [[Bhadarwahi language]], with around 53% of the total population speaking the language as a mother tongue, according to the 2011 census.<ref name=census2011-C16>{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir |url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0100.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=7 April 2024}}</ref> The tehsil also had a large [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]-speaking minority (33.6% of the total), and significant numbers of speakers of [[Dogri language|Dogri]] (4.7%), [[Gaddi language|Gaddi]] (3.35%), [[Hindi]] (1.6%) and [[Gojri]] (1.5%) languages.<ref name=census2011-C16/>


==Climate==
==Climate==
[[File:Bhaderwah in Snow.jpg|thumb|left|Bhaderwah under snow]]
[[File:Bhaderwah in Snow.jpg|thumb|left|Bhaderwah under snow]]
{{Weather box
{{Weather box
| location = Bhaderwah (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1977–2012)
| location = Bhaderwah (1991–2020, extremes 1977–2020)
| metric first = Y
| metric first = Y
| single line = Y
| single line = Y
Line 157: Line 158:
| Dec record high C = 22.9
| Dec record high C = 22.9
| year record high C = 39.4
| year record high C = 39.4
| Jan high C = 12.1
| Jan high C = 11.6
| Feb high C = 13.1
| Feb high C = 13.4
| Mar high C = 18.2
| Mar high C = 18.8
| Apr high C = 23.4
| Apr high C = 23.4
| May high C = 27.3
| May high C = 27.2
| Jun high C = 30.5
| Jun high C = 29.9
| Jul high C = 30.5
| Jul high C = 30.4
| Aug high C = 29.8
| Aug high C = 29.3
| Sep high C = 28.4
| Sep high C = 27.8
| Oct high C = 24.6
| Oct high C = 24.4
| Nov high C = 20.1
| Nov high C = 19.3
| Dec high C = 14.8
| Dec high C = 14.6
| year high C = 22.7
| year high C = 22.7
| Jan low C = -1.0
| Jan low C = -0.4
| Feb low C = 0.2
| Feb low C = 1.2
| Mar low C = 3.5
| Mar low C = 4.4
| Apr low C = 7.2
| Apr low C = 7.9
| May low C = 10.1
| May low C = 10.9
| Jun low C = 13.9
| Jun low C = 14.6
| Jul low C = 16.9
| Jul low C = 17.9
| Aug low C = 16.5
| Aug low C = 17.4
| Sep low C = 12.4
| Sep low C = 13.5
| Oct low C = 6.6
| Oct low C = 7.6
| Nov low C = 3.0
| Nov low C = 3.8
| Dec low C = 0.4
| Dec low C = 0.9
| year low C = 7.5
| year low C = 8.4
| Jan record low C = -10.8
| Jan record low C = -10.8
| Feb record low C = -9.2
| Feb record low C = -9.2
Line 194: Line 195:
| Oct record low C = -3.0
| Oct record low C = -3.0
| Nov record low C = -2.5
| Nov record low C = -2.5
| Dec record low C = -6.5
| Dec record low C = -10.3
| year record low C = -10.8
| year record low C = -10.8
| rain colour = green
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 125.3
| Jan rain mm = 133.6
| Feb rain mm = 170.9
| Feb rain mm = 177.3
| Mar rain mm = 171.5
| Mar rain mm = 151.1
| Apr rain mm = 123.8
| Apr rain mm = 116.5
| May rain mm = 94.1
| May rain mm = 83.8
| Jun rain mm = 74.8
| Jun rain mm = 83.4
| Jul rain mm = 141.0
| Jul rain mm = 129.6
| Aug rain mm = 121.0
| Aug rain mm = 136.4
| Sep rain mm = 92.2
| Sep rain mm = 94.0
| Oct rain mm = 38.8
| Oct rain mm = 28.5
| Nov rain mm = 35.9
| Nov rain mm = 36.7
| Dec rain mm = 72.5
| Dec rain mm = 55.0
| year rain mm = 1262.6
| year rain mm = 1227.9
| Jan rain days = 6.8
| Jan rain days = 7.0
| Feb rain days = 8.5
| Feb rain days = 8.3
| Mar rain days = 8.6
| Mar rain days = 8.4
| Apr rain days = 7.5
| Apr rain days = 7.5
| May rain days = 7.4
| May rain days = 7.3
| Jun rain days = 7.1
| Jun rain days = 7.2
| Jul rain days = 9.8
| Jul rain days = 9.3
| Aug rain days = 9.3
| Aug rain days = 9.9
| Sep rain days = 4.9
| Sep rain days = 5.0
| Oct rain days = 2.6
| Oct rain days = 2.3
| Nov rain days = 2.4
| Nov rain days = 2.6
| Dec rain days = 3.9
| Dec rain days = 3.2
| year rain days = 78.5
| year rain days = 77.8
| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 63
| Jan humidity = 63
| Feb humidity = 64
| Feb humidity = 63
| Mar humidity = 57
| Mar humidity = 55
| Apr humidity = 51
| Apr humidity = 52
| May humidity = 51
| May humidity = 52
| Jun humidity = 51
| Jun humidity = 54
| Jul humidity = 64
| Jul humidity = 64
| Aug humidity = 68
| Aug humidity = 68
| Sep humidity = 60
| Sep humidity = 62
| Oct humidity = 51
| Oct humidity = 52
| Nov humidity = 54
| Nov humidity = 55
| Dec humidity = 58
| Dec humidity = 57
| year humidity = 58
| year humidity = 58
| source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
| source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf
| title = Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020
| publisher = [[India Meteorological Department]]
| access-date = April 8, 2024
}}</ref><ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
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==Tourism==
==Tourism==
Bhaderwah is an emerging tourist destination. Local administration is working to set Bhaderwah on the world tourism spot. The administration is emphasising on creating Shopping Malls, luxury hotels, gaming facilities, food courts, and other amenities to attract international and domestic tourists along with promotion of religious and historical destinations.<ref>{{cite web|title=
Bhaderwah is an emerging tourist destination. Local administration is working to set Bhaderwah on the world tourism spot. The administration is emphasising on creating Shopping Malls, luxury hotels, gaming facilities, food courts, and other amenities to attract international and domestic tourists along with promotion of religious and historical destinations.<ref>{{cite web|title=
DC Doda discusses Bhaderwah Tourism Promotion Plan with private stakeholders|url=https://www.universalnewstimeline.com/dc-doda-discusses-bhaderwah-tourism-promotion-plan-with-private-stakeholders|work=Universal News Timeline|accessdate=24 July 2023}}</ref> The Vibrant Bhaderwah Festival, a 5-day program, including performances by Singers, fireworks, cultural performances, Film Screenings and many more. The festival is organised in collaboration by Directorate of Tourism Jammu, the District Administration Doda, the Academy of Art, Culture and Language, and the Bhaderwah Development Authority (BDA). The last festival was organised from 27th December 2023 to 31st December 2023. It concluded on New Year 2024. It was attended by more than one lakh people. Bhaderwah is also emerging as a destination for Wedding tourism and [[MICE tourism]].<ref>{{cite web|title=
DC Doda discusses Bhaderwah Tourism Promotion Plan with private stakeholders|url=https://www.universalnewstimeline.com/dc-doda-discusses-bhaderwah-tourism-promotion-plan-with-private-stakeholders|work=Universal News Timeline|accessdate=24 July 2023}}</ref> The Vibrant Bhaderwah Festival, a 5-day program, including performances by Singers, fireworks, cultural performances, Film Screenings and many more. The festival is organised in collaboration by Directorate of Tourism Jammu, the District Administration Doda, the Academy of Art, Culture and Language, and the Bhaderwah Development Authority (BDA). The last festival was organised from 27 December 2023 to 31 December 2023. It concluded on New Year 2024. It was attended by more than one lakh people. Bhaderwah is also emerging as a destination for Wedding tourism and [[MICE tourism]].<ref>{{cite web|title=
5-Day Vibrant Bhaderwah Winter Festival Concludes on a high note|url=https://www.jammulinksnews.com/mb/newsdet.aspx?q=339327|work=Jammu Link News|accessdate=31 December 2023}}</ref>
5-Day Vibrant Bhaderwah Winter Festival Concludes on a high note|url=https://www.jammulinksnews.com/mb/newsdet.aspx?q=339327|work=Jammu Link News|accessdate=31 December 2023}}</ref>


|-
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=== Adventure ===
=== Adventure ===
Bhaderwah has exciting activities for adventure enthusiasts. Khani Top and Thuba are ideal for paragliding offering exhilarating descents into the Bhaderwah valley. The mountains overlooking the valley offer abundant camping and trekking opportunities. Jantroon Top in Chiralla, Subar Dhar, Hanga Noori to Seoj, Khellani to Seoj, Hanga- Devchatar- Chilli- Khellani. Chinta ,Thanala and Padri meadows have wonderful slopes for snowboarding and skiing.
Bhaderwah has exciting activities for adventure enthusiasts. Khani Top and Thuba are ideal for paragliding offering exhilarating descents into the Bhaderwah valley. The mountains overlooking the valley offer abundant camping and trekking opportunities. Jantroon Top in Chiralla, Subar Dhar, Hanga Noori to Seoj, Khellani to Seoj, Hanga- Devchatar- Chilli- Khellani. Chinta, Thanala and Padri meadows have wonderful slopes for snowboarding and skiing.


==Tourist destination of Bhaderwah Valley==
==Tourist destination of Bhaderwah Valley==
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[[Category:Bhaderwah| ]]
[[Category:Bhaderwah| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Doda district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Doda district]]
[[Category:Tehsils of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)]]




Latest revision as of 12:43, 5 January 2025

Bhaderwah
Tehsil/Sub District
from top, left to right: view of Bhadarwah town with Kailash Kund range in the background; Mela Patt, a folk celebration in Bhadarwah; Kailash Kund Lake or Kablas Dal
Bhaderwah is located in Jammu and Kashmir
Bhaderwah
Bhaderwah
Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India
Bhaderwah is located in India
Bhaderwah
Bhaderwah
Bhaderwah (India)
Coordinates: 32°58′48″N 75°42′49″E / 32.980033°N 75.713706°E / 32.980033; 75.713706
Country India
Union Territory Jammu & Kashmir
DivisionJammu
DistrictDoda
Area
[1]
 • Total
112.17 km2 (43.31 sq mi)
Elevation
1,613 m (5,292 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total
75,376
 • Density670/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
DemonymBhaderwahi
Languages
 • Spoken languagesBhaderwahi, Kashmiri, Dogri, Gaddi, Hindi, Gojri, Khașāli[2]
Time zoneUTC +05:30 (Indian Standard Time)
Additional District Commissioner BhaderwahSunil Kumar
BDC Chairperson[3]Omi Chand[4]
Websitebhaderwah.com

Bhaderwah or Bhadarwah (also Bhaderwah Valley) is a town, tehsil, and sub-district in the Doda district of Jammu Division of Jammu and Kashmir, India.[5][6] Bhaderwah Valley is famous for it's beauty, nature. Bhaderwah valley is known as 'Land Of Snakes'. Bhaderwah is also a land of fairs and festivals like Mela Pat, Subar Dhar Mela, Kud dance, Pahari folk songs and music. It also has heritage sites like the Fort, hundered years old mosque and an ancient Vasuki Nag Temple.

Etymology and names

[edit]

The name Bhaderwah derives from the Sanskrit word Bhadarwasa meaning "a place of living of supreme and intellect mankind".[7] Alternatively, the name may derive from Bhadarkashi, a name given to the town for the ancient temple of Hindu goddess Bhadrakali located in the area.[8][9] The area is called Bhadar Avkash (lit. 'a good resting place') and Bhadar Pura in the 12th century Sanskrit chronicle Rajatarangini, with the former likely a name given to the region by foreign Kashmiri rulers.[10][11] The area is sometimes referred to as Chota Kashmir or "little Kashmir" because of topographic similarities with the Kashmir valley,[12] and is called Bhadarkashi by the Hindus of the region.[9]

History

[edit]

Raja bhader pal founded bhaderwah, bhaderwah is also known as bhaderkashi, nagon ki bhoomi..Raja was a pal rajput dynasty.. modern day rajputs are the descendants of original bhaderwahi's..Bhaderwah was ruled by its native rulers up until 8th century AD.[11] During the 10th-11th centuries AD, it came under the rule of Ananta and Kalsha of neighbouring Kashmir.[11] The region finds mentions in the 12th century chronicle, Rajatarangini. Local hill chieftains or Ranas of the Pal clan (originally Chanderbansi Baloria Rajputs from Billawar princely state) ruled the area during the 8th-16th centuries AD. The lineage of Pal rulers started from Raja Radhikpal, (son of Raja Bhogpal of Balor and brother of sadhkpal who was given principality of Basohli) followed by his son Bhaderpal (named after Bhaderkali temple constructed by Raja Radhik Pal), Prithvi pal, Ajaypal, and many more. According to folk history, a local ruler named Nag Pal impressed Mughal emperor Akbar in the 16th century with his spiritual prowess, compelling the emperor to make several offerings to him.[13] The event is since commemorated annually during a celebration known as Mela Patt, on Naga Panchami.[14][15]

By the end of the 16th century, it was annexed by the rulers of Chamba, who exercised influence over the Pal rajas. In 1820, the cousin of last ruler of Pal dynasty, Raja Pahadchand, ascended the throne and fought against Chamba forces who were led by Wazir Nathu. Raja Pahadchand won the battle but Wazir Nathu attacked again on Bhaderwah with the help of the Sikhs and captured Bhaderwah. The Raja of Chamba gave the throne of Bhaderwah to his younger brother Parakram Singh. After the death of parakram Singh, Raja Zorawar Singh was made Governor of Bhaderwah. Many Kashmiri shawl weavers settled in the town during this time. The region became part of the Dogra Kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir following the Treaty of Amritsar in 1846, according to which the possessions of Chamba state to the west of Ravi river, including the Bhaderwah principality, were given to Gulab Singh.[16]

Dogra rule

[edit]

In 1886, Bhaderwah was bestowed as a jagir to Amar Singh, prime minister of the Dogra Kingdom, by Maharaja Pratap Singh. In 1890, the first census was conducted in Bhaderwah. Amar Singh exercised control over the jagir until his death in 1912, following which it passed onto his son Hari Singh, who would later become the Maharaja of the princely state. Bhaderwah's status as a jagir ended in 1930, and it was fully absorbed into the princely state, becoming a tehsil of district Udhampur in 1931.[17] The Jagir comprised Bhadarwah, Bhalessa and the vast area left of river Chenab from Thathri up to Marmat (Doda).

Culture

[edit]

Bhaderwah is also a land of fairs and festivals like Mela Pat, Subar Dhar Mela, Kud dance, Pahari folk songs and music. It also has heritage sites like the Ratangarh Fort, hundred-years-old Jamia Masjid, and an ancient Vasuki Nag Temple. The area has rich culture of various communities

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1911 2,563—    
1921 2,603+0.15%
1931 2,895+1.07%
1941 2,989+0.32%
1951 3,559+1.76%
1961 4,129+1.50%
1971 5,211+2.35%
1981 6,075+1.55%
2001 10,516+2.78%
2011 11,084+0.53%
Source: [1]

According to the 2011 census of India, the Bhaderwah tehsil had a population of 75,376 while the population of the Bhaderwah town was 11,084. This gave the tehsil a population density of 670 persons per km2 (1,700 per square mile). Out of the total population of the tehsil, 39,051 individuals were male and 36,325 were female, giving it a sex ratio of 930 females for every 1000 males. The tehsil had a literacy rate of 75.51%. Scheduled castes formed 19.3% of the population, while scheduled tribes were 6.2%.[18]

Religion

[edit]
Religion in Bhaderwah (2011)[19]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 58.02%
Islam
 
 41.71%
Other or not stated
 
 0.27%

Per the 2011 census, Hindus formed a majority of Bhaderwah tehsil's population, constituting 58.02% of the total.[18][19] The remaining population is mainly Muslim (41.71%) with small numbers of Christians (0.13%) and Sikhs (0.11%). Hindus have historically formed a majority in the region, with the former Bhaderwah Jagir recording a 61.13% Hindu majority in the 1911 census.[20]

Languages

[edit]

Languages of Bhaderwah (2011)[21]

  Bhadarwahi (52.67%)
  Kashmiri (33.62%)
  Dogri (4.73%)
  Gaddi (3.35%)
  Hindi (1.58%)
  Gojri (1.54%)
  Others (2.51%)

A majority of the population of Bhaderwah tehsil are speakers of the Bhadarwahi language, with around 53% of the total population speaking the language as a mother tongue, according to the 2011 census.[21] The tehsil also had a large Kashmiri-speaking minority (33.6% of the total), and significant numbers of speakers of Dogri (4.7%), Gaddi (3.35%), Hindi (1.6%) and Gojri (1.5%) languages.[21]

Climate

[edit]
Bhaderwah under snow
Climate data for Bhaderwah (1991–2020, extremes 1977–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 21.8
(71.2) 		24.8
(76.6) 		29.7
(85.5) 		32.6
(90.7) 		38.4
(101.1) 		39.3
(102.7) 		39.4
(102.9) 		37.2
(99.0) 		35.1
(95.2) 		32.4
(90.3) 		28.7
(83.7) 		22.9
(73.2) 		39.4
(102.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 11.6
(52.9) 		13.4
(56.1) 		18.8
(65.8) 		23.4
(74.1) 		27.2
(81.0) 		29.9
(85.8) 		30.4
(86.7) 		29.3
(84.7) 		27.8
(82.0) 		24.4
(75.9) 		19.3
(66.7) 		14.6
(58.3) 		22.7
(72.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3) 		1.2
(34.2) 		4.4
(39.9) 		7.9
(46.2) 		10.9
(51.6) 		14.6
(58.3) 		17.9
(64.2) 		17.4
(63.3) 		13.5
(56.3) 		7.6
(45.7) 		3.8
(38.8) 		0.9
(33.6) 		8.4
(47.1)
Record low °C (°F) −10.8
(12.6) 		−9.2
(15.4) 		−6.5
(20.3) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		0.2
(32.4) 		5.2
(41.4) 		7.0
(44.6) 		8.1
(46.6) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		−10.3
(13.5) 		−10.8
(12.6)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 133.6
(5.26) 		177.3
(6.98) 		151.1
(5.95) 		116.5
(4.59) 		83.8
(3.30) 		83.4
(3.28) 		129.6
(5.10) 		136.4
(5.37) 		94.0
(3.70) 		28.5
(1.12) 		36.7
(1.44) 		55.0
(2.17) 		1,227.9
(48.34)
Average rainy days 7.0 8.3 8.4 7.5 7.3 7.2 9.3 9.9 5.0 2.3 2.6 3.2 77.8
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 63 63 55 52 52 54 64 68 62 52 55 57 58
Source: India Meteorological Department[22][23]

Tourism

[edit]

Bhaderwah is an emerging tourist destination. Local administration is working to set Bhaderwah on the world tourism spot. The administration is emphasising on creating Shopping Malls, luxury hotels, gaming facilities, food courts, and other amenities to attract international and domestic tourists along with promotion of religious and historical destinations.[24] The Vibrant Bhaderwah Festival, a 5-day program, including performances by Singers, fireworks, cultural performances, Film Screenings and many more. The festival is organised in collaboration by Directorate of Tourism Jammu, the District Administration Doda, the Academy of Art, Culture and Language, and the Bhaderwah Development Authority (BDA). The last festival was organised from 27 December 2023 to 31 December 2023. It concluded on New Year 2024. It was attended by more than one lakh people. Bhaderwah is also emerging as a destination for Wedding tourism and MICE tourism.[25]

|- |Udhampur - Batote |55 Kms - NH-1A |- |Batote - Pul Doda |50 Kms - NH-1B |- |Pul Doda – Bhaderwah |30 Kms |}[clarification needed]

Adventure

[edit]

Bhaderwah has exciting activities for adventure enthusiasts. Khani Top and Thuba are ideal for paragliding offering exhilarating descents into the Bhaderwah valley. The mountains overlooking the valley offer abundant camping and trekking opportunities. Jantroon Top in Chiralla, Subar Dhar, Hanga Noori to Seoj, Khellani to Seoj, Hanga- Devchatar- Chilli- Khellani. Chinta, Thanala and Padri meadows have wonderful slopes for snowboarding and skiing.

Tourist destination of Bhaderwah Valley

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c A-4 Towns And Urban Agglomerations Classified By Population Size Class In 2011 With Variation Since 1901. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (Report).
    Class - IV Population of 10,000 and 19,999 (Report).
  2. ^ Kaul, P.K. (2006). Pahari and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu. Vol. I. Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers. p. 31.
  3. ^ Block Development Councillor
  4. ^ "Members of BDC - District Doda". India. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  5. ^ "Explore Bhaderwah in Jammu Province". Department of Tourism, Jammu and Kashmir. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  6. ^ "Administrative Setup | District Doda | India". Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  7. ^ Sharma, Neetika (2021), "Naag Deity Worship in Bhaderwah: A Case Study of Jaatra Ritual", in Abha Chauhan (ed.), Understanding Culture and Society in India: A Study of Sufis, Saints and Deities in Jammu Region, Springer Nature, p. 224, ISBN 978-981-16-1597-9
  8. ^ Qazi, S.A. (2005), Systematic Geography of Jammu and Kashmir, New Delhi: APH Publishing, p. 242, ISBN 81-7648-786-4
  9. ^ a b Drew, Frederic (1875), The Jummoo and Kashmir Territories: A Geographical Account, Part 73, E. Stanford, p. 105
  10. ^ Kaul, P.K. (1993), Himalayan Principalities in Jammu, Kangra and Bahadarwah, Jay Kay Book House, p. 134
  11. ^ a b c Sharma 2021, p. 224.
  12. ^ Chauhan, Abha, ed. (2021), Understanding Culture and Society in India: A Study of Sufis, Saints and Deities in Jammu Region, Springer Nature, p. 287, ISBN 978-981-16-1597-9
  13. ^ Kaul1993, pp. 172–173.
  14. ^ Excelsior, Daily (6 February 2016). "Past, present of Doda". Daily Excelsior. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  15. ^ "Three-day historic Mela-Patt begins". Daily Excelsior. 11 September 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  16. ^ Kaul 1993, pp. 201–202.
  17. ^ Kaul 1993, pp. 220-.
  18. ^ a b Sharma 2021, p. 218.
  19. ^ a b C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir (Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  20. ^ Kaul 1993, pp. 128–129.
  21. ^ a b c C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir (Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  22. ^ "Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  23. ^ "Station: Badarwah Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 57–58. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  24. ^ "DC Doda discusses Bhaderwah Tourism Promotion Plan with private stakeholders". Universal News Timeline. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  25. ^ "5-Day Vibrant Bhaderwah Winter Festival Concludes on a high note". Jammu Link News. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
[edit]


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