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{{Short description|Variety of grape}}
{{Redirect|Madrasa|the Islamic educational institution|Madrasah}}
{{Infobox wine grape variety
{{Infobox grape variety
|name = Madrasa<br><small>Mədrəsə</small>
| name = Madrasa<br>{{small|Mədrəsə}}
|image =
| image =
|caption =
| caption =
|colour = Pink
| color = Rose
|also = Matrassa
| color_alt = Pink
| also_called = Matrassa
|origin =
| origin =
|regions = [[Mədrəsə]] village of [[Shamakhi Rayon|Shamakhi]], [[Goygol Rayon|Goygol]], [[Samukh Rayon|Samukh]], [[Qabala Rayon|Gabala]] raions, [[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganja]], [[Azerbaijan]]
| regions = [[Mədrəsə]] village of [[Shamakhi Rayon|Shamakhi]], [[Goygol Rayon|Goygol]], [[Samukh Rayon|Samukh]], [[Qabala Rayon|Gabala]] raions, [[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganja]], [[Azerbaijan]]
|wines = ''Madrasa''
|soil =
| wines = Madrasa
| soil =
|hazards =
| hazards =
|general =
| wine_general =
⚫
|cool =
|medium =
| wine_cool =
|hot =
| wine_medium =
⚫
| wine_hot =
}}
}}

'''Madrasa''' ({{lang-az|Mədrəsə}}, also known as '''Matrassa''' and '''Madrasi''') is a pink-skinned red [[grape variety]] cultivated in the southern Caucasus at least since the nineteenth century <ref>A. Kalantaryan, ed., ''Wine in Traditional Armenian Culture'', Yerevan, 2005, p. 245 ISBN 99941-2-000-X </ref>, in particular in [[Azerbaijani wine|Azerbaijan]] and [[Armenian wine|Armenia]], as well as several [[Central Asia]] countries. Most plantings of Madrasa are found near the [[Caspian Sea]] in [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Armenia]].<ref name="wine grapes">J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 104 Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 0-19-860098-4 </ref>
'''Madrasa''' ({{langx|az|Mədrəsə}}, also known as '''Matrassa''' and '''Madrasi''') is a pink-skinned red [[grape variety]] cultivated in the southern Caucasus at least since the nineteenth century,<ref>A. Kalantaryan, ed., ''Wine in Traditional Armenian Culture'', Yerevan, 2005, p. 245 {{ISBN|99941-2-000-X}}</ref> in particular in [[Azerbaijani wine|Azerbaijan]], as well as several [[Central Asia]] countries. Most plantings of Madrasa are found near the [[Caspian Sea]] in [[Azerbaijan]].<ref name="wine grapes">J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 104 Oxford University Press 1996 {{ISBN|0-19-860098-4}}</ref>


==Origins and specifics==
==Origins and specifics==
Madrasa is indigenous to the village of [[Mədrəsə|Madrasa]] of [[Shamakhi Rayon]] of Azerbaijan.<ref name=AI-2>{{cite news |url=http://azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/83_folder/83_articles/83_agriculture.html |title= Seeds of Change. Transition in Azerbaijan's Agriculture |publisher= [[Azerbaijan International]] |author=Arzu Aghayeva |date= Autumn 2000 |accessdate= 2010-12-28}}</ref> This variety falls into sweet grape category.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anl.az/el/alf7/eec&en_mte.pdf |title=MEYVƏ VƏ TƏRƏVƏZİN ƏMTƏƏŞÜNASLIĞI |trans_title=Marketing of fruits and vegetables |page=99 |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref> It is claimed that Madrasa was grown as early as 15th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azerb.com/az-shemakha.html |title=Shemakha (Samaxi) |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref> In the beginning of the 20th century, Madrasa variety was brought to [[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganjabasar]] region of Azerbaijan. The [[vine]]s are of mid size and have strong roots. Their leaves are sharp. The grapes are of round shape and thick skin. Madrasa variety matures in the beginning of September in [[Shamakhi]] and in August in Ganja. The concentration of sugar ranges from 23-24% in Shamakhi and 20-21% in Ganja.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uzum.az/index2ru.php?page=atlasru/medrese |title=АТЛАС: МАТРАСА |trans_title=Atlas:Madrasa |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref>
Madrasa is a sweet grape<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anl.az/el/alf7/eec&en_mte.pdf |title=MEYVƏ VƏ TƏRƏVƏZİN ƏMTƏƏŞÜNASLIĞI |trans-title=Marketing of fruits and vegetables |page=99 |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref> indigenous to the village of [[Mədrəsə|Madrasa]], located in [[Shamakhi Rayon]], Azerbaijan.<ref name=AI-2>{{cite news |url=http://azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/83_folder/83_articles/83_agriculture.html |title= Seeds of Change. Transition in Azerbaijan's Agriculture |publisher= [[Azerbaijan International]] |author=Arzu Aghayeva |date= Autumn 2000 |accessdate= 2010-12-28}}</ref> It is claimed that Madrasa was grown as early as the 15th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azerb.com/az-shemakha.html |title=Shemakha (Samaxi) |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref> In the beginning of the 20th century, the Madrasa variety was brought to the [[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganjabasar]] region of Azerbaijan. The [[vine]]s are midsize, and have strong roots and sharp leaves. The grapes are round and thick-skinned. Madrasa grapes mature in the beginning of September in [[Shamakhi]], and in August in Ganja. The concentration of sugar ranges from 23 to 24% in Shamakhi, and 20 to 21% in Ganja.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uzum.az/index2ru.php?page=atlasru%2Fmedrese |title=АТЛАС: МАТРАСА |trans-title=Atlas:Madrasa |accessdate=2010-12-28 |archive-date=2012-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316141515/http://uzum.az/index2ru.php?page=atlasru%2Fmedrese |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==Wines==
==Wines==
During the [[Wine_making#Crushing_and_primary_fermentation|crushing and fermentation]], 50% of the spirit gets recovered.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://library.adau.edu.az/upload/book/277_12%20Tundlest.doc |title=TÜND VƏ DESERT ŞƏRABLARIN İSTEHSAL TEXNOLOGİYASI |trans_title=Dark and desert wines production technology |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref> Widely sold "Giz Galasi" (''[[Maiden Tower (Baku)|Maiden Tower]]''), "Yeddi Gozal" (''[[Seven Beauties (ballet)|Seven Beauties]]''), "Gara Gila" and "Naznazi" wines are made from Madrasa.<ref name=AI-2/> "Xan Madrasa" red table wine produced by [[Vinagro]] is made by fermentation of Madrasa variety vine juice, which are grown in Goygol and Samukh districts of Azerbaijan by squashing juice technology. Wine is then stored two years. Its alcoholic content is 9-14%. Xan Madrasa was awarded 2 gold and 1 bronze medals at the [[International Wine Contest]] of [[Monde Selection]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vinagro.az/eng/product/ |title=Vinagro. Xan Madrasa |accessdate=2010-12-28}}</ref>
During the [[Wine making#Crushing and primary fermentation|crushing and fermentation]], 50% of the spirit is recovered.{{Clarify|date=January 2025}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://library.adau.edu.az/upload/book/277_12%20Tundlest.doc |title=TÜND VƏ DESERT ŞƏRABLARIN İSTEHSAL TEXNOLOGİYASI |trans-title=Dark and dessert wines production technology |year=2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706130736/http://library.adau.edu.az/upload/book/277_12%20Tundlest.doc |archive-date=2011-07-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Widely sold "Giz Galasi" (''[[Maiden Tower (Baku)|Maiden Tower]]''), "Yeddi Gozal" (''[[Seven Beauties (ballet)|Seven Beauties]]''), "Gara Gila" and "Naznazi" wines are made from Madrasa.<ref name=AI-2/> "Xan Madrasa" red table wine produced by [[Vinagro]] is made by fermentation of Madrasa grape juice. The grapes are grown in Goygol and Samukh districts of Azerbaijan, and crushed for juice. The wine is then stored for two years. Its alcoholic content ranges from 9 to 14%. Xan Madrasa was awarded 2 gold and 1 bronze medals at the [[International Wine Contest]] of [[Monde Selection]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vinagro.az/eng/product/ |title=Vinagro. Xan Madrasa |accessdate=2010-12-28 |archive-date=2017-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609135633/http://www.vinagro.az/eng/product/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==Synonyms==
==Names==
Various synonyms have been used to describe Matrassa and its wines, including Chirai, Chirai kara, Kara Chirei, Kara Chirai, Kara Schirai, Kara Scirai, Kara Scirei, Kara Shirai, Kara Shirei, Madrasa, Matrasa, Matrasse, Sevi shirai, Shirai, Shirai kara, Shirei, Shirei kara and Sirei.
Various names have been used for Matrassa and its wines, including Chirai, Chirai kara, Kara Chirei, Kara Chirai, Kara Schirai, Kara Scirai, Kara Scirei, Kara Shirai, Kara Shirei, Sevi shirai, Shirai, Shirai kara, Shirei, Shirei kara and Sirei, in addition to Madrasa, Matrasa, and Matrasse.


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:Red wine grape varieties]]
[[Category:Red wine grape varieties]]

[[de:Matrassa]]

Latest revision as of 18:18, 5 January 2025

Madrasa
Mədrəsə
Grape (Vitis)
Color of berry skinPink
Also calledMatrassa
Notable regionsMədrəsə village of Shamakhi, Goygol, Samukh, Gabala raions, Ganja, Azerbaijan
Notable winesMadrasa
VIVC number7514

Madrasa (Azerbaijani: Mədrəsə, also known as Matrassa and Madrasi) is a pink-skinned red grape variety cultivated in the southern Caucasus at least since the nineteenth century,[1] in particular in Azerbaijan, as well as several Central Asia countries. Most plantings of Madrasa are found near the Caspian Sea in Azerbaijan.[2]

Origins and specifics

[edit]

Madrasa is a sweet grape[3] indigenous to the village of Madrasa, located in Shamakhi Rayon, Azerbaijan.[4] It is claimed that Madrasa was grown as early as the 15th century.[5] In the beginning of the 20th century, the Madrasa variety was brought to the Ganjabasar region of Azerbaijan. The vines are midsize, and have strong roots and sharp leaves. The grapes are round and thick-skinned. Madrasa grapes mature in the beginning of September in Shamakhi, and in August in Ganja. The concentration of sugar ranges from 23 to 24% in Shamakhi, and 20 to 21% in Ganja.[6]

Wines

[edit]

During the crushing and fermentation, 50% of the spirit is recovered.[clarification needed][7] Widely sold "Giz Galasi" (Maiden Tower), "Yeddi Gozal" (Seven Beauties), "Gara Gila" and "Naznazi" wines are made from Madrasa.[4] "Xan Madrasa" red table wine produced by Vinagro is made by fermentation of Madrasa grape juice. The grapes are grown in Goygol and Samukh districts of Azerbaijan, and crushed for juice. The wine is then stored for two years. Its alcoholic content ranges from 9 to 14%. Xan Madrasa was awarded 2 gold and 1 bronze medals at the International Wine Contest of Monde Selection.[8]

Names

[edit]

Various names have been used for Matrassa and its wines, including Chirai, Chirai kara, Kara Chirei, Kara Chirai, Kara Schirai, Kara Scirai, Kara Scirei, Kara Shirai, Kara Shirei, Sevi shirai, Shirai, Shirai kara, Shirei, Shirei kara and Sirei, in addition to Madrasa, Matrasa, and Matrasse.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ A. Kalantaryan, ed., Wine in Traditional Armenian Culture, Yerevan, 2005, p. 245 ISBN 99941-2-000-X
  2. ^ J. Robinson Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes pg 104 Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 0-19-860098-4
  3. ^ "MEYVƏ VƏ TƏRƏVƏZİN ƏMTƏƏŞÜNASLIĞI" [Marketing of fruits and vegetables] (PDF). p. 99. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  4. ^ a b Arzu Aghayeva (Autumn 2000). "Seeds of Change. Transition in Azerbaijan's Agriculture". Azerbaijan International. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  5. ^ "Shemakha (Samaxi)". Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  6. ^ "АТЛАС: МАТРАСА" [Atlas:Madrasa]. Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  7. ^ "TÜND VƏ DESERT ŞƏRABLARIN İSTEHSAL TEXNOLOGİYASI" [Dark and dessert wines production technology]. 2010. Archived from the original on 2011-07-06.
  8. ^ "Vinagro. Xan Madrasa". Archived from the original on 2017-06-09. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
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