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{{short description|Historic district in Michigan, United States}}
{{Infobox nrhp
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
| name = Boston-Edison
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
| nrhp_type = hd

| locmapin = Michigan <!-- New Hampshire -->
{{Infobox NRHP
| mapwidth = 250
| name = Boston–Edison Historic District
| caption =
| nrhp_type = hd
| locator_x =
| nocat = yes
| locator_y =
| image = Street scape in Boston-Edison.jpg
| location = [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[Michigan]]
| caption = Homes on West Boston Boulevard
| nearest_city =
| location = Bounded by Edison Ave., Woodward Ave., Linwood Ave., and W. Boston Blvd.<br />[[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.
| lat_degrees = 42
| coordinates = {{coord|42|22|54|N|83|5|50|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| lat_minutes = 22
| mapframe = yes
| lat_seconds = 57
| mapframe-zoom = 11
| lat_direction = N
| architecture = Colonial Revival, Late 19th and Early 20th Century American Movements, Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals
| long_degrees = 83
| added = September 5, 1975
| long_minutes = 05
| area = {{convert|256|acre}}
| long_seconds = 51.3
| refnum = 75000965<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>
| long_direction = W
| designated_other1 = Michigan State Historic Site
| area =
| designated_other1_date = December 11, 1973<ref name="state"/>
| built =
| designated_other1_number =
| architect= Unknown
| designated_other1_num_position = bottom
| architecture= Colonial Revival, Late 19th And Early 20th Century American Movements, Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals
| added = [[September 5]], [[1975]]<ref name=NRIS>{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|accessdate=2008-01-12}}</ref>
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| refnum = 75000965<ref name=NRIS />
| mpsub =
| governing_body =
}}
}}
The '''Boston-Edison Historic District''' is an historic neighborhood located in the geographic center of [[Detroit]], Michigan. It consists of over 900 homes built on four streets: Boston, Chicago, Longfellow, and Edison, stretching from [[Woodward Avenue]] on the east to Linwood on the west.<ref name="klein">Sarah Klein, "[http://www.metrotimes.com/editorial/story.asp?id=3328 Neighborhood Museum]," ''Metro Times'', 6/5/2002.</ref> It is the largest residential historic district in the nation.<ref name="klein"/>


The '''Boston–Edison Historic District''' is a [[List of neighborhoods in Detroit|neighborhood]] located in [[Detroit, Michigan]]. It consists of over 900 homes built on four east-west streets: West Boston Boulevard, Chicago Boulevard, Longfellow Avenue and Edison Avenue, stretching from [[Woodward Avenue]] in the east to Linwood Avenue in the west.<ref name="klein">Sarah Klein, "[http://www.metrotimes.com/editorial/story.asp?id=3328 Neighborhood Museum]," ''Metro Times'', 6/5/2002.</ref> It is one of the largest residential historic districts in the nation.<ref name="klein"/> It is surrounded by [[Sacred Heart Major Seminary]] to the west, the [[Arden Park-East Boston]] Historic District and the [[Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament]] to the east, and the [[Atkinson Avenue Historic District]] to the south. The district was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1973<ref name="state">{{cite web|title = Boston–Edison Historic District|publisher = Michigan State Housing Development Authority|url = http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/2438.htm|access-date = August 15, 2010|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120511130550/http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/2438.htm|archive-date = May 11, 2012|url-status = dead}}</ref> and listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit, Michigan|National Register of Historic Places]] in 1975.<ref name=nris/>
==Early history<ref name="hbea">Unless otherwise noted, information in the "History" section is from [http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history.shtml "history" page] from the Historic Boston-Edison Association.</ref>==
The land now within the boundaries on Boston-Edison was first owned by [[John R. Williams]] (who was granted a single parcel in 1822) and Thomas Palmer (who was granted three parcels in 1828 and 1832). These original four grants were transferred from owner to owner over the next fifty years until they were obtained by the Joy family, the Newberry family, and [[Edward W. Voigt]].


==Description==
In 1891, Edward Voigt, forseeing the growth of Detroit northward, platted out Voigt Park subdivision, consisting of seven streets between Woodward and Hamilton<ref name="vp">[http://www.cis.state.mi.us/platmaps/dt_image.asp?BCC_SUBINDEX=1077 Plat map of Voigt Park subdivision] from the State of Michigan.</ref>--Calvert Avenue, Glynn Court, Schiller Esplanade, Shakespeare Esplanade, Longfellow Avenue, Edison Avenue, and Atkinson Avenue. Four of these streets--Schiller Esplanade (now Boston Boulevard), Shakespeare Esplanade (now Chicago Boulevard), Longfellow Avenue, and Edison Avenue--formed into the Boston-Edison neighborhood. The location of the neighborhood park, originally between Chicago and Boston Boulevards, was later changed to be between Longfellow and Edison Avenues.
A substantial number of prominent Detroiters have lived in the neighborhood. Notable residents have included labor leader [[Walter P. Reuther]], Rabbi Morris Adler, Detroit Tigers [[Harry Heilmann]], [[Dizzy Trout]], Michigan Supreme Court justices [[Franz C. Kuhn]] and Henry Butzel, U.S. Representative [[Vincent M. Brennan]], Michigan governor [[Harry Kelly (politician)|Harry Kelly]], boxer [[Joe Louis]], druggist Sidney Barthwell, Congressman [[Charles C. Diggs Jr.]], Congressman George D. O'Brien, [[Motown]] record label founder [[Berry Gordy]], Detroit Tiger [[Willie Horton (baseball player)|Willie Horton]], and dentist and pioneering [[WMKM|WCHB]] radio station owner Wendell F. Cox.<ref name="people"/><ref name="ap1701">[http://www.detroit1701.org/ArdenPark_Hist.htm Arden Park-East Boston] from Detroit 1701.</ref>


The District boasts the city's oldest continuous neighborhood association, the Historic Boston–Edison Association, which was founded in 1921.<ref name="hbea2"/> The District received historic designation from the Michigan State Historic Preservation Office in 1973, the Detroit Historic District Commission in 1974, and the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1975.<ref name="det"/>
Voigt Park subdivision was immediately incorporated into the city of Detroit. Voigt platted spacious lots and established building restrictions that established the character of the neighborhood. His vision was followed by [[Truman Newberry|Truman]] and John Newberry, who platted the Boston Boulevard Subdivision between Hamilton and 12th St. (now Rosa Parks) in 1913. The subdivision included lots on Boston, Chicago, Longfellow, and Edison, as well as on Atkinson to the south.<ref name="bb">[http://www.cis.state.mi.us/platmaps/dt_image.asp?BCC_SUBINDEX=1756 Plat map of Boston Boulevard subdivision] from the State of Michigan.</ref> In 1915, [[Henry B. Joy]] platted the Joy Farms Subdivision between 12th Street to Linwood. This subdivision included lots on the same seven streets originally platted by Voigt.<ref name="jf">[http://www.cis.state.mi.us/platmaps/dt_image.asp?BCC_SUBINDEX=2071 Plat map of Joy Farm subdivision] from the State of Michigan.</ref> Both of these subdivisions were annexed by the city in 1915.


According to the 2000<ref name="cens1">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=14000US26163532300&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US26%7C05000US26163%7C16000US2622000%7C86000US48202%7C14000US26163532300&_zip=48206&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160 Census Tract 5323, Wayne County, Michigan] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20200212043048/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=14000US26163532300&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US26%7C05000US26163%7C16000US2622000%7C86000US48202%7C14000US26163532300&_zip=48206&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160|date=2020-02-12}} from US Census Bureau</ref><ref name="cens2">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=14000US26163531200&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US26%7C05000US26163%7C16000US2622000%7C86000US48206%7C14000US26163531200&_zip=48206&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160 Census Tract 5312, Wayne County, Michigan] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20200212043951/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=14000US26163531200&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US26%7C05000US26163%7C16000US2622000%7C86000US48206%7C14000US26163531200&_zip=48206&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160|date=2020-02-12}} from US Census Bureau</ref> Census data (which includes the surrounding streets of Atkinson, Clairmount, and Glynn Court) show Boston–Edison has both [[African American|Black]] and [[White Americans|White]] residents. The homes are owned by people from diverse occupations and professions.<ref name="hbea2"/>
==Homes==
{{clear}}
The very first homes built in the Boston-Edison Historic District were occupied in 1905.<ref name ="hbea2">[http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history.shtml "History" page] from the Historic Boston-Edison Association.</ref>, with the majority of the homes built between 1905 and 1925.<ref name="det">[http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/boston_edison.pdf Boston-Edison Historic District] from the City of Detroit Planning and Development Department.</ref> The overall style of the neighborhood is eclectic,<ref name ="det"/> with no two homes alike.<ref name="hbea2"/> Architectural styles represented include [[English Tudor revival]], Roman and [[Greek Revival]], French Provincial, [[Colonial Revival]], Italian Renaissance, [[Prairie Style]], and [[Vernacular architecture|Vernacular]].<ref name="hbea2"/> These homes range in size from modest two-story vernaculars to massive mansions set on sprawling grounds.<ref name="scape">[http://www.cityscapedetroit.org/historic_districts.php Detroit Historic Districts] from Cityscape Detroit</ref> However, although the homes are eclectic in style, homes along the streetscape are uniform in roofline, scale, setback from the street, and in the use of stone or brick construction.<ref name ="byway">[http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/13754/places/14925/ National Scenic Byways Program]</ref> This uniformity creates a gracious suburban ambiance.


==Architecture==
==Original residents==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
One of the earliest residents of Boston-Edison, [[Henry Ford]]<ref name="det"/>, was also perhaps one of the most well-known. In 1907, Ford had a brick and limestone Italian Renaissance Revival residence built at the corner of Edison and Second for a cost $483,253.<ref name="ford">Information on Henry Ford is from [http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15563.htm The Henry Ford House historical marker], text available from Historic Sites Online, State of Michigan Historic Preservation Office.</ref> Henry and his wife Clara moved in the next year, living in the neighborhood until 1915, when they moved to [[Fair Lane]], their estate in [[Dearborn, Michigan|Dearborn]].<ref name="ford"/> During the time Ford lived in Boston-Edison, his introduction of the [[Model T]], [[mass production]] methods, and wage-price theories revolutionized American industry. Above the garage behind the house, Henry built a machine shop his son [[Edsel Ford|Edsel]] to support his interest in automobile design.<ref name="ford"/> A State of Michigan Historical Marker now marks the home.<ref name="ford"/>
! style="background:light gray; color:black"|Name
! class="unsortable" style="background:light gray; color:black"|Image
! style="background:light gray; color:black"|Year
! class="unsortable" style="background:light gray; color:black"|Location
! class="unsortable" style="background:light gray; color:black"|Style
! class="unsortable" style="background:light gray; color:black"|Architect
! class="unsortable" style="background:light gray; color:black"|Notes
|-
|'''Walter O. Briggs House'''
|[[Image:Walter O Briggs House Boston Edison Detroit.JPG|125px]]
|1915<ref name="br1701"/>
|700 West Boston Boulevard<ref name="tour"/>
|English Manor style<ref name="br1701">[http://www.detroit1701.org/Briggs%20Home.html Walter Owen Briggs Home] from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9/13/09</ref>
|Chittenden and Kotting<ref name="br1701"/>
|This house was built for [[Walter Briggs Sr.|Walter O. Briggs]], the founder of [[Briggs Manufacturing Company]],<ref name="br1701"/> a car-body manufacturing firm, and owner of the [[Detroit Tigers]].<ref name="tour"/> The house is constructed from light-colored fieldstone.<ref name="tour"/>
|-
|'''James Couzens House'''
|[[Image:Couzens House Boston Edison Detroit.JPG|125px]]
|1910<ref name="tour"/>
|610 Longfellow Avenue<ref name="tour"/>
|[[Tudor Revival architecture|Tudor Revival]]
|[[Albert Kahn (architect)|Albert Kahn]]<ref name="tour"/>
|This house was built for [[James Couzens]], who was at the time a major shareholder in the immensely profitable [[Ford Motor Company]]. After leaving Ford Motor Company, James Couzens entered public service, becoming the mayor of Detroit and later a U. S. Senator.<ref name="tour"/> His son, Frank Couzens, also served as mayor of Detroit and lived in this house.
|-
|'''Charles T. Fisher House'''
|[[File:Charles T Fisher House Boston Edison Detroit.JPG|125px]]
|1915<ref name="fi1701">[http://www.detroit1701.org/Fisher%20(Charles)%20Home.html Charles T. Fisher Residence] from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9.13.09</ref>
|670 West Boston Boulevard<ref name="tour"/>
|[[Tudor Revival architecture|Tudor Revival]]<ref name="fi1701"/>
|[[George D. Mason]]<ref name="fi1701"/>
|This house was built for [[Charles T. Fisher]], the president of [[Fisher Body]] corporation. It is the largest house in the Boston–Edison Historic District at {{convert|18000|sqft|m2}}.<ref name="tour"/>
|-
|'''Henry Ford House'''
|[[File:Henry Ford house on Edison.jpg|125px]]
|1908<ref name="tour"/>
|140 Edison Avenue<ref name="tour">[http://www.historicbostonedison.org/touring_walk.shtml Jerald A. Mitchell] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106020019/http://www.historicbostonedison.org/touring_walk.shtml |date=2009-01-06 }}. Archivist & Historian; Historic Boston–Edison Association, retrieved 9/12/09</ref>
|Italian [[Renaissance Revival architecture|Renaissance Revival]]<ref name="fo1701">[http://detroit1701.org/FordHome.htm Henry and Clara Ford Home] from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9/13/09</ref>
|Malcomson, Higginbottom and Clement<ref name="fo1701"/>
|This house was built for [[Henry Ford]] and his wife Clara, in the same year that the [[Model T]] went into production at the nearby [[Ford Piquette Avenue Plant]].<ref name="tour"/> The Fords lived here until 1914 when their [[Fair Lane]] estate in Dearborn was completed. A State of Michigan Historical marker is placed in front of this house.<ref name="tour"/>
|-
|'''Berry Gordy House'''
|[[File:Berry Gordy House Boston Edison Detroit.JPG|125px]]
|1917<ref name="tour"/>
|918 West Boston Boulevard<ref name="tour"/>
|Italian [[Renaissance Revival architecture|Renaissance Revival]]<ref name="tour"/>
|
|Originally built in 1917 for Nels Michelson, a Danish businessman who made his fortune in timber and real estate, the {{convert|10,500|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}. the mansion was purchased in 1967 by [[Berry Gordy]], the founder of [[Motown Records]].<ref name="tour"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://apps.detnews.com/apps/history/index.php?id%3D26 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20100805014143/http://apps.detnews.com/apps/history/index.php?id=26 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-08-05 |access-date=2010-08-07 |title=Detnews.com &#124; Michigan History }}</ref> It is also known as Motown Mansion.<ref>{{cite web| title=The Motown Mansion| url=http://www.motownmansion.com/| publisher=Jackson Gates Associates}}</ref>
|-
|'''S. S. Kresge House'''
|[[File:S S Kresge house on Boston.jpg|125px]]
|1914<ref name="tour"/>
|70 West Boston Boulevard<ref name="tour"/>
|Mediterranean villa<ref name="kr1701">[http://www.detroit1701.org/Kresge%20Home.html S. S. Kresge Home] from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9/13/09</ref>
|Meade and Hamilton<ref name="tour"/>
|This house was built for [[Sebastian S. Kresge]], the founder of S. S. Kresge Company, the precursor to [[Kmart (United States)|K-Mart]].<ref name="tour"/> The stucco house is situated on the largest lot in the Boston–Edison neighborhood.<ref name="tour"/>
|-
|'''Benjamin Siegel House'''
|[[File:Benjamin Siegal House Boston Edison Detroit.JPG|125px]]
|1914<ref name="tour"/>
|150 West Boston Boulevard<ref name="tour"/>
|Italian Renaissance <ref name="tour"/>
|[[Albert Kahn (architect)|Albert Kahn]]<ref name="tour"/>
|This house was built for Benjamin Siegel, the founder of a large women's clothing store.<ref name="tour"/> It is built entirely of limestone, maintaining a strict sense of symmetry.<ref name="tour"/>
|-
|}


==History==
Henry Ford was only the first of many automotive pioneers to live in Boston-Edison.<ref name="ford"/> Ford's early business partners and [[Ford Motor Company]] stockholders [[James Couzens]] and [[Horace Rackham]] also built homes near Ford's in Boston-Edison. (Two other Ford stockholders, [[John Dodge]]<ref name="cityap">[http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/arden_park.pdf Arden Park-East Boston Historic District] from the City of Detroit Planning and Development Department.</ref>, and [[Alexander Y. Malcomson]],<ref name="marq">Albert Nelson Marquis, [http://books.google.com/books?id=wEevJkgsgoYC&printsec=frontcover&num=100&as_brr=3#PPA312 ''The Book of Detroiters''], 1908, A. N. Marquis & Co., p. 312</ref> lived in the adjoining [[Arden Park-East Boston]] neighborhood.) They were followed by other early and important Ford collaborators such as [[Peter E. Martin]], [[C. Harold Wills]], and [[Clarence W. Avery]].<ref name="people">[http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history/people.shtml "Historic Residents"] from the Historic Boston-Edison Association</ref> In addition, other early automobile pioneers such as [[Walter Briggs, Sr.]] of Briggs Manufacturing Co,<ref name="people"/> four of the Fisher brothers (of [[Fisher Body]]),<ref name="det"/> Charles Lambert of [[Regal Motor Car Co.]], John W. Drake of [[Hupmobile|Hupp Motor Car Co.]], and [[William E. Metzger]] of [[Cadillac]] and [[E-M-F Company|E-M-F]].<ref name="people"/> built homes in Boston-Edison.
{{Infobox NRHP
| nocat = yes
| name = Henry Ford House
| nrhp_type =
| nrhp_type2 = cp
| partof = Boston–Edison Historic District
| partof_refnum = 75000965
| image = Henry Ford house on Edison.jpg
| caption =
| location =
| locmapin =
| architect = [[Malcomson and Higginbotham|Malcomson, Higginbotham and Clement]]
| added =
| area =
| refnum =
| designated_other1 = Michigan State Historic Site
| designated_other1_link = Michigan State Historic Preservation Office
| designated_other1_date = July 17, 1986<ref name="statehf">{{cite web|title = Ford, Henry, House|publisher = Michigan State Housing Development Authority|url = http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15563.htm|access-date = September 5, 2010|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110513081313/http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15563.htm|archive-date = May 13, 2011|url-status = dead}}</ref>
| designated_other1_num_position = bottom
}}


The land now within the boundaries of Boston–Edison was first owned by [[John R. Williams]] (who was granted a single parcel in 1822) and Thomas Palmer (who was granted three parcels in 1828 and 1832).<ref name="hbea">[http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history.shtml "history" page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070910210550/http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history.shtml |date=2007-09-10 }} of the Historic Boston–Edison Association.</ref> These original four grants were transferred from owner to owner over the next fifty years until they were obtained by the Joy family, the Newberry family, and Edward W. Voigt.<ref name="hbea"/>
Other prominent Detroit businessmen lived in Boston-Edison in the early years of the neighborhood, including [[Sebastian S. Kresge]] (founder of the S.S. Kresge Company--later [[Kmart]])<ref name="det"/>, Benjamin Siegel (founder of a major early clothing store)<ref name="det"/>, and J. L. Webber (nephew of [[J. L. Hudson]]).<ref name="people"/> Other notable early residents included conductor [[Ossip Gabrilowitsch]] and his wife [[Clara Clemens]], [[Detroit Tigers]] owner [[Frank Navin]], player [[Ty Cobb]], and historian [[Clarence M. Burton]].<ref name="people"/>


In 1891, Voigt, foreseeing the growth of Detroit northward, platted the Voigt Park subdivision, consisting of seven east–west streets from Woodward and Hamilton:<ref name="vp">[http://www.cis.state.mi.us/platmaps/dt_image.asp?BCC_SUBINDEX=1077 Plat map of Voigt Park subdivision]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} from the State of Michigan.</ref> Calvert Avenue, Glynn Court, Schiller Esplanade, Shakespeare Esplanade, Longfellow Avenue, Edison Avenue, and Atkinson Avenue.<ref name="hbea"/> Four of these streets—Schiller Esplanade (now Boston Boulevard), Shakespeare Esplanade (now Chicago Boulevard), Edison Avenue and Longfellow Avenue—formed the Boston–Edison neighborhood.<ref name="hbea"/> The original location of the neighborhood park was originally to have been between Chicago and Boston Boulevards, but was later changed to be situated between Longfellow and Edison Avenues.<ref name="hbea"/>
During the early history of Boston-Edison, four factors influenced the character of the neighborhood. First was a tendency for employees and business associates to live in a cluster<ref name="det"/>, as early associates of Henry Ford did. In addition, six employees of S.S. Kresge lived in the neighborhood.<ref name="det"/> Second was the tendency of several family members to live in close range. In addition to the four Fisher brothers (a fifth brother, Frederic, lived in the nearby Arden Park-East Boston neighborhood<ref name="cityap"/>), a number of Benjamin Siegel's relatives lived in the neighborhood, as did a number of Wagner family members (owners of Wagner's bakery).<ref name="det"/> A third factor was the construction of [[Henry Ford Hospital]] in 1915, only a mile south of the neighborhood. Twenty-three physicians built homes in Boston-Edison.<ref name="det"/> Finally, Boston-Edison had no discriminatory covenants prohibiting Jews from living in the neighborhood.<ref name="det"/> Many prominent Jewish families, including the Siegels as well as Rabbi [[Leo M. Franklin]]<ref name="people"/>, moved to the area.


The Voigt Park subdivision was immediately incorporated into the City of Detroit. Voigt platted spacious lots and set building restrictions that established the unique character of the neighborhood.<ref name="hbea"/> His vision was followed by [[Truman Newberry|Truman]] and John Newberry, who platted the West Boston Boulevard Subdivision between Hamilton and 12th Street (now known as "Rosa Parks Boulevard") in 1913.<ref name="hbea"/> The subdivision included lots on West Boston, Chicago, Longfellow, and Edison, as well as on Atkinson to the south.<ref name="bb">[http://www.cis.state.mi.us/platmaps/dt_image.asp?BCC_SUBINDEX=1756 Plat map of Boston Boulevard subdivision]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} from the State of Michigan.</ref> In 1915, [[Henry B. Joy]] platted the Joy Farms Subdivision between 12th Street and Linwood.<ref name="hbea"/> This subdivision included lots on the same seven streets originally platted by Voigt.<ref name="jf">[http://www.cis.state.mi.us/platmaps/dt_image.asp?BCC_SUBINDEX=2071 Plat map of Joy Farm subdivision]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} from the State of Michigan.</ref> Both of these subdivisions were annexed by the City of Detroit by 1915.<ref name="hbea"/>
==Later history==
As time progressed, Boston-Edison remained a fashionable neighborhood. An impressive number of prominent Detroiters lived in the neighborhood in later decades, including labor leader [[Walter P. Reuther]], Rabbi [[Morris Adler]], Detroit Tigers [[Harry Heilmann]] and [[Dizzy Trout]], Michigan Supreme Court justices [[Franz C. Kuhn]] and [[Henry Butzel]], US Representative [[Vincent M. Brennan]], and Michigan governor [[Harry Kelly]]<ref name="people"/>.


The first homes built in the Boston–Edison Historic District were occupied starting in 1905,<ref name ="hbea2">[http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history.shtml "History" page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070910210550/http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history.shtml |date=2007-09-10 }} from the Historic Boston–Edison Association.</ref> with the majority of the homes built between 1905 and 1925.<ref name="det">[http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/boston_edison.pdf Boston–Edison Historic District] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716102929/http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/boston_edison.pdf |date=2011-07-16 }} from the City of Detroit Planning and Development Department.</ref> Each of the homes in the neighborhood is unique.<ref name="hbea2"/><ref name="det"/> Architectural styles represented include [[English Tudor revival]], Roman and [[Greek Revival]], French Provincial, [[Colonial Revival]], Italian Renaissance, [[Prairie Style]], and [[Vernacular architecture|Vernacular]].<ref name="hbea2"/> These homes range in size from modest two-story vernaculars to massive mansions set on sprawling grounds.<ref name="scape">[http://www.cityscapedetroit.org/historic_districts.php Detroit Historic Districts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615123034/http://www.cityscapedetroit.org/historic_districts.php |date=2012-06-15 }} from Cityscape Detroit</ref> Although the homes are unique in style, homes along the streetscape are generally exhibit uniformity in roofline, scale, setback from the street, and the materials used, including stone, brick or wood construction.<ref name ="byway">{{Cite web |url=http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/13754/places/14925/ |title=National Scenic Byways Program |access-date=2008-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724180448/http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/13754/places/14925/ |archive-date=2010-07-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This uniformity creates a gracious suburban ambiance.
In the 1950s, the [[Lodge Freeway]] was built, running though the center of the neighborhood. A number of homes were destroyed in the process.


===Original residents===
Also in the 1950s, African-Americans began moving into the neighborhood, as Boston-Edison had no covenents excluding them as some other neighborhoods did.<ref name="ap1701">[http://www.detroit1701.org/ArdenPark_Hist.htm Arden Park-East Boston] from Detroit 1701.</ref> Prominent African-Americans attracted by the neighborhood included boxer [[Joe Louis]], druggist [[Sidney Barthwell]], Congressman [[Charles C. Diggs, Jr.]], record label owner [[Barry Gordy]], Detroit Tiger [[Willie Horton]], and dentist and pioneering [[WCHB]] radio station owner [[Wendell F. Cox]]<ref name="people"/>.
[[File:Street scape2 in Boston Edison.jpg|thumb|left|A street scape on Edison Avenue]]
[[File:House2 in Boston Edison.jpg|thumb|A three-story colonial on Chicago Boulevard near Hamilton]]
[[File:House1 in Boston Edison.jpg|thumb|A modest three-story vernacular on Edison Avenue]]
One of the earliest residents of the Boston-Edison neighborhood, [[Henry Ford]],<ref name="det"/> was also one of the most well-known. In 1907, Ford had a brick and limestone Italian Renaissance Revival residence built at the corner of Edison and Second at a cost of $483,253.<ref name="ford">Information on Henry Ford is from [http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15563.htm The Henry Ford House historical marker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513081313/http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15563.htm |date=2011-05-13 }}, text available from Historic Sites Online, State of Michigan Historic Preservation Office.</ref> Ford and his wife, Clara, moved in the next year, residing in the neighborhood until 1915, when they moved to [[Fair Lane]], their estate in [[Dearborn, Michigan|Dearborn]].<ref name="ford"/> During the time that Ford lived in Boston–Edison, his introduction of the [[Model T]], [[mass production]] methods, and wage-price theories revolutionized American industry. Henry Ford built a machine shop above the garage, situated behind the house for his son [[Edsel Ford|Edsel]] to support and encourage Edsel's interest in automobile design.<ref name="ford"/> A historical marker issued by the State of Michigan, describing the history and significance of the home, is located on the front lawn.<ref name="ford"/>


Henry Ford was only the first of many automotive pioneers to live in the Boston–Edison neighborhood.<ref name="ford"/> Ford's early business partners and [[Ford Motor Company]] stockholders [[James Couzens]] and [[Horace Rackham]] also built homes near Ford's in Boston–Edison. (Two other Ford stockholders, [[John Francis Dodge|John Dodge]],<ref name="cityap">[http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/arden_park.pdf Arden Park-East Boston Historic District] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208031403/http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/arden_park.pdf |date=2012-02-08 }} from the City of Detroit Planning and Development Department.</ref> and [[Alexander Y. Malcomson]],<ref name="marq">Albert Nelson Marquis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wEevJkgsgoYC ''The Book of Detroiters''], 1908, A. N. Marquis & Co., p. 312</ref> lived in the adjoining [[Arden Park-East Boston]] neighborhood.) They were followed by other early and important Ford collaborators such as [[Peter E. Martin]], [[C. Harold Wills]], and [[Clarence W. Avery]].<ref name="people">[http://www.historicbostonedison.org/history/people.shtml "Historic Residents"] from the Historic Boston–Edison Association</ref> In addition, other pioneers in the early automobile industry such as [[Walter Briggs Sr.]] of Briggs Manufacturing Co,<ref name="people"/> four of the Fisher brothers (of [[Fisher Body]]),<ref name="det"/> Charles Lambert of Regal Motor Car Co., John W. Drake from [[Hupmobile|Hupp Motor Car Co.]], and [[William E. Metzger]] from [[Cadillac]] and [[E-M-F Company|E-M-F]].<ref name="people"/> likewise built homes in Boston–Edison.
==The district today==
Today Boston-Edison is a multi-racial neighborhood; census data from 2000<ref name="cens1">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=14000US26163532300&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US26%7C05000US26163%7C16000US2622000%7C86000US48202%7C14000US26163532300&_zip=48206&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160 Census Tract 5323, Wayne County, Michigan]from US Census Bureau</ref>
<ref name="cens2">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=14000US26163531200&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US26%7C05000US26163%7C16000US2622000%7C86000US48206%7C14000US26163531200&_zip=48206&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160 Census Tract 5312, Wayne County, Michigan]from US Census Bureau</ref> (which includes the surrounding streets of Atkinson, Clairmount, and Glynn Court) show Boston-Edison is a primarily African-American neighborhood, but with a substantial white population. The homes are owned by people from diverse occupations and professions.<ref name="hbea2"/>


Other prominent Detroit businessmen lived in Boston–Edison neighborhood during the early years of the neighborhood, including [[Sebastian S. Kresge]] (founder of the S.S. Kresge Company—later [[Kmart (United States)|Kmart]]),<ref name="det"/> Benjamin Siegel (founder of a major early clothing store),<ref name="det"/> and J. L. Webber (nephew of [[J. L. Hudson]]).<ref name="people"/> Additional notable early residents included conductor [[Ossip Gabrilowitsch]] and his wife [[Clara Clemens]], [[Detroit Tigers]] owner [[Frank Navin]], Detroit Tigers player [[Ty Cobb]] (who lived on nearby Atkinson Avenue at Third), historian [[Clarence M. Burton]], and Rabbi [[Leo M. Franklin]].<ref name="people"/>
The District boasts the oldest continuous neighborhood association in the City, the Historic Boston-Edison Association, which was founded in 1921.<ref name="hbea2"/> The District received historic designation from the Michigan State Historic Preservation Office in 1973, the Detroit Historic District Commission in 1974, and the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1975.<ref name="det"/>


In the early history of Boston–Edison, three factors influenced the character of the community. The first factor was the tendency for employees and business associates to live in a cluster,<ref name="det"/> similar to early associates of Henry Ford did. In addition, six employees of S.S. Kresge lived in the neighborhood.<ref name="det"/> The second factor was the tendency of several family members to live in close range. In addition to the four Fisher brothers (a fifth brother, Frederic, lived in the adjacent Arden Park-East Boston neighborhood<ref name="cityap"/>), a number of Benjamin Siegel's relatives lived in the neighborhood, as did a number of Wagner family members (owners of Wagner's bakery).<ref name="det"/> The third factor was the construction of [[Henry Ford Hospital]] in 1915, only a mile south of the neighborhood. Twenty-three physicians built homes in Boston–Edison.<ref name="det"/>
== References ==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==Education==
Residents are zoned to schools in the [[Detroit Public Schools]] district. Durfee K-8, Loving and Thirkell elementary schools serve separate sections of the neighborhood.<ref>"[http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_elementary.pdf Elementary Boundaries - 2012/13 School Year]." ([https://web.archive.org/web/20100923102033/http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_elementary.pdf Archive]) [[Detroit Public Schools]]. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.</ref> All of Boston–Edison is zoned to Durfee K-8 for middle school.<ref>"[http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_middle.pdf Middle School Boundaries - 2012/13 School Year]." ([https://web.archive.org/web/20100923101357/http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_middle.pdf Archive]) [[Detroit Public Schools]]. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.</ref> All residents are zoned to [[Central High School (Detroit, Michigan)|Central High School]].<ref>"[http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_high.pdf High School Boundaries - 2012/13 School Year]." ([https://web.archive.org/web/20100923093721/http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_high.pdf Archive]) [[Detroit Public Schools]]. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.</ref>
* [http://www.historicbostonedison.org Historic Boston-Edison Association]: neighborhood website
* [http://www.detroitrising.com/bostonedison.htm Photos] from Detroit Rising
* [http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/13754/places/14925/photos.html Photos] from National Scenic Byways


In the past, portions of Boston–Edison were served by Hutchins Middle School.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20110725234517/http://detroitk12.org/schools/docs/school_boundaries_middle.pdf Middle School Boundary Map]." ''[[Detroit Public Schools]]''. Retrieved on October 20, 2009.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Michigan}}
*[http://www.historicbostonedison.org Historic Boston–Edison Association]: neighborhood website
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080112225329/http://detroitrising.com/bostonedison.htm Photos] from Detroit Rising
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100724180453/http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/13754/places/14925/photos.html Photos] from National Scenic Byways


{{Detroit}}
{{Metro Detroit Historic Homes}}
{{Detroit Neighborhoods}}
{{Detroit Neighborhoods}}
{{Architecture of metropolitan Detroit}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}
{{National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County, Michigan}}
{{National Register of Historic Places in Michigan}}
{{Michigan}}
{{Michigan}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Boston-Edison Historic District}}
[[Category:History of Detroit]]
[[Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan]]
[[Category:Neighborhoods in Detroit]]
[[Category:Neighborhoods in Detroit]]
[[Category:Registered Historic Places in Michigan]]
[[Category:Michigan State Historic Sites in Wayne County, Michigan]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Detroit]]
[[Category:Historic district contributing properties in Michigan]]
[[Category:Culture of Detroit]]

Latest revision as of 08:13, 6 January 2025

Boston–Edison Historic District
Homes on West Boston Boulevard
Map
LocationBounded by Edison Ave., Woodward Ave., Linwood Ave., and W. Boston Blvd.
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
Coordinates42°22′54″N 83°5′50″W / 42.38167°N 83.09722°W / 42.38167; -83.09722
Area256 acres (104 ha)
Architectural styleColonial Revival, Late 19th and Early 20th Century American Movements, Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals
NRHP reference No.75000965[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPSeptember 5, 1975
Designated MSHSDecember 11, 1973[2]

The Boston–Edison Historic District is a neighborhood located in Detroit, Michigan. It consists of over 900 homes built on four east-west streets: West Boston Boulevard, Chicago Boulevard, Longfellow Avenue and Edison Avenue, stretching from Woodward Avenue in the east to Linwood Avenue in the west.[3] It is one of the largest residential historic districts in the nation.[3] It is surrounded by Sacred Heart Major Seminary to the west, the Arden Park-East Boston Historic District and the Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament to the east, and the Atkinson Avenue Historic District to the south. The district was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1973[2] and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.[1]

Description

[edit]

A substantial number of prominent Detroiters have lived in the neighborhood. Notable residents have included labor leader Walter P. Reuther, Rabbi Morris Adler, Detroit Tigers Harry Heilmann, Dizzy Trout, Michigan Supreme Court justices Franz C. Kuhn and Henry Butzel, U.S. Representative Vincent M. Brennan, Michigan governor Harry Kelly, boxer Joe Louis, druggist Sidney Barthwell, Congressman Charles C. Diggs Jr., Congressman George D. O'Brien, Motown record label founder Berry Gordy, Detroit Tiger Willie Horton, and dentist and pioneering WCHB radio station owner Wendell F. Cox.[4][5]

The District boasts the city's oldest continuous neighborhood association, the Historic Boston–Edison Association, which was founded in 1921.[6] The District received historic designation from the Michigan State Historic Preservation Office in 1973, the Detroit Historic District Commission in 1974, and the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.[7]

According to the 2000[8][9] Census data (which includes the surrounding streets of Atkinson, Clairmount, and Glynn Court) show Boston–Edison has both Black and White residents. The homes are owned by people from diverse occupations and professions.[6]

Architecture

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Name Image Year Location Style Architect Notes
Walter O. Briggs House 1915[10] 700 West Boston Boulevard[11] English Manor style[10] Chittenden and Kotting[10] This house was built for Walter O. Briggs, the founder of Briggs Manufacturing Company,[10] a car-body manufacturing firm, and owner of the Detroit Tigers.[11] The house is constructed from light-colored fieldstone.[11]
James Couzens House 1910[11] 610 Longfellow Avenue[11] Tudor Revival Albert Kahn[11] This house was built for James Couzens, who was at the time a major shareholder in the immensely profitable Ford Motor Company. After leaving Ford Motor Company, James Couzens entered public service, becoming the mayor of Detroit and later a U. S. Senator.[11] His son, Frank Couzens, also served as mayor of Detroit and lived in this house.
Charles T. Fisher House 1915[12] 670 West Boston Boulevard[11] Tudor Revival[12] George D. Mason[12] This house was built for Charles T. Fisher, the president of Fisher Body corporation. It is the largest house in the Boston–Edison Historic District at 18,000 square feet (1,700 m2).[11]
Henry Ford House 1908[11] 140 Edison Avenue[11] Italian Renaissance Revival[13] Malcomson, Higginbottom and Clement[13] This house was built for Henry Ford and his wife Clara, in the same year that the Model T went into production at the nearby Ford Piquette Avenue Plant.[11] The Fords lived here until 1914 when their Fair Lane estate in Dearborn was completed. A State of Michigan Historical marker is placed in front of this house.[11]
Berry Gordy House 1917[11] 918 West Boston Boulevard[11] Italian Renaissance Revival[11] Originally built in 1917 for Nels Michelson, a Danish businessman who made his fortune in timber and real estate, the 10,500 sq ft (980 m2). the mansion was purchased in 1967 by Berry Gordy, the founder of Motown Records.[11][14] It is also known as Motown Mansion.[15]
S. S. Kresge House 1914[11] 70 West Boston Boulevard[11] Mediterranean villa[16] Meade and Hamilton[11] This house was built for Sebastian S. Kresge, the founder of S. S. Kresge Company, the precursor to K-Mart.[11] The stucco house is situated on the largest lot in the Boston–Edison neighborhood.[11]
Benjamin Siegel House 1914[11] 150 West Boston Boulevard[11] Italian Renaissance [11] Albert Kahn[11] This house was built for Benjamin Siegel, the founder of a large women's clothing store.[11] It is built entirely of limestone, maintaining a strict sense of symmetry.[11]

History

[edit]
Henry Ford House
ArchitectMalcomson, Higginbotham and Clement
Part ofBoston–Edison Historic District (ID75000965)
Designated MSHSJuly 17, 1986[17]

The land now within the boundaries of Boston–Edison was first owned by John R. Williams (who was granted a single parcel in 1822) and Thomas Palmer (who was granted three parcels in 1828 and 1832).[18] These original four grants were transferred from owner to owner over the next fifty years until they were obtained by the Joy family, the Newberry family, and Edward W. Voigt.[18]

In 1891, Voigt, foreseeing the growth of Detroit northward, platted the Voigt Park subdivision, consisting of seven east–west streets from Woodward and Hamilton:[19] Calvert Avenue, Glynn Court, Schiller Esplanade, Shakespeare Esplanade, Longfellow Avenue, Edison Avenue, and Atkinson Avenue.[18] Four of these streets—Schiller Esplanade (now Boston Boulevard), Shakespeare Esplanade (now Chicago Boulevard), Edison Avenue and Longfellow Avenue—formed the Boston–Edison neighborhood.[18] The original location of the neighborhood park was originally to have been between Chicago and Boston Boulevards, but was later changed to be situated between Longfellow and Edison Avenues.[18]

The Voigt Park subdivision was immediately incorporated into the City of Detroit. Voigt platted spacious lots and set building restrictions that established the unique character of the neighborhood.[18] His vision was followed by Truman and John Newberry, who platted the West Boston Boulevard Subdivision between Hamilton and 12th Street (now known as "Rosa Parks Boulevard") in 1913.[18] The subdivision included lots on West Boston, Chicago, Longfellow, and Edison, as well as on Atkinson to the south.[20] In 1915, Henry B. Joy platted the Joy Farms Subdivision between 12th Street and Linwood.[18] This subdivision included lots on the same seven streets originally platted by Voigt.[21] Both of these subdivisions were annexed by the City of Detroit by 1915.[18]

The first homes built in the Boston–Edison Historic District were occupied starting in 1905,[6] with the majority of the homes built between 1905 and 1925.[7] Each of the homes in the neighborhood is unique.[6][7] Architectural styles represented include English Tudor revival, Roman and Greek Revival, French Provincial, Colonial Revival, Italian Renaissance, Prairie Style, and Vernacular.[6] These homes range in size from modest two-story vernaculars to massive mansions set on sprawling grounds.[22] Although the homes are unique in style, homes along the streetscape are generally exhibit uniformity in roofline, scale, setback from the street, and the materials used, including stone, brick or wood construction.[23] This uniformity creates a gracious suburban ambiance.

Original residents

[edit]
A street scape on Edison Avenue
A three-story colonial on Chicago Boulevard near Hamilton
A modest three-story vernacular on Edison Avenue

One of the earliest residents of the Boston-Edison neighborhood, Henry Ford,[7] was also one of the most well-known. In 1907, Ford had a brick and limestone Italian Renaissance Revival residence built at the corner of Edison and Second at a cost of $483,253.[24] Ford and his wife, Clara, moved in the next year, residing in the neighborhood until 1915, when they moved to Fair Lane, their estate in Dearborn.[24] During the time that Ford lived in Boston–Edison, his introduction of the Model T, mass production methods, and wage-price theories revolutionized American industry. Henry Ford built a machine shop above the garage, situated behind the house for his son Edsel to support and encourage Edsel's interest in automobile design.[24] A historical marker issued by the State of Michigan, describing the history and significance of the home, is located on the front lawn.[24]

Henry Ford was only the first of many automotive pioneers to live in the Boston–Edison neighborhood.[24] Ford's early business partners and Ford Motor Company stockholders James Couzens and Horace Rackham also built homes near Ford's in Boston–Edison. (Two other Ford stockholders, John Dodge,[25] and Alexander Y. Malcomson,[26] lived in the adjoining Arden Park-East Boston neighborhood.) They were followed by other early and important Ford collaborators such as Peter E. Martin, C. Harold Wills, and Clarence W. Avery.[4] In addition, other pioneers in the early automobile industry such as Walter Briggs Sr. of Briggs Manufacturing Co,[4] four of the Fisher brothers (of Fisher Body),[7] Charles Lambert of Regal Motor Car Co., John W. Drake from Hupp Motor Car Co., and William E. Metzger from Cadillac and E-M-F.[4] likewise built homes in Boston–Edison.

Other prominent Detroit businessmen lived in Boston–Edison neighborhood during the early years of the neighborhood, including Sebastian S. Kresge (founder of the S.S. Kresge Company—later Kmart),[7] Benjamin Siegel (founder of a major early clothing store),[7] and J. L. Webber (nephew of J. L. Hudson).[4] Additional notable early residents included conductor Ossip Gabrilowitsch and his wife Clara Clemens, Detroit Tigers owner Frank Navin, Detroit Tigers player Ty Cobb (who lived on nearby Atkinson Avenue at Third), historian Clarence M. Burton, and Rabbi Leo M. Franklin.[4]

In the early history of Boston–Edison, three factors influenced the character of the community. The first factor was the tendency for employees and business associates to live in a cluster,[7] similar to early associates of Henry Ford did. In addition, six employees of S.S. Kresge lived in the neighborhood.[7] The second factor was the tendency of several family members to live in close range. In addition to the four Fisher brothers (a fifth brother, Frederic, lived in the adjacent Arden Park-East Boston neighborhood[25]), a number of Benjamin Siegel's relatives lived in the neighborhood, as did a number of Wagner family members (owners of Wagner's bakery).[7] The third factor was the construction of Henry Ford Hospital in 1915, only a mile south of the neighborhood. Twenty-three physicians built homes in Boston–Edison.[7]

Education

[edit]

Residents are zoned to schools in the Detroit Public Schools district. Durfee K-8, Loving and Thirkell elementary schools serve separate sections of the neighborhood.[27] All of Boston–Edison is zoned to Durfee K-8 for middle school.[28] All residents are zoned to Central High School.[29]

In the past, portions of Boston–Edison were served by Hutchins Middle School.[30]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "Boston–Edison Historic District". Michigan State Housing Development Authority. Archived from the original on May 11, 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2010.
  3. ^ a b Sarah Klein, "Neighborhood Museum," Metro Times, 6/5/2002.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Historic Residents" from the Historic Boston–Edison Association
  5. ^ Arden Park-East Boston from Detroit 1701.
  6. ^ a b c d e "History" page Archived 2007-09-10 at the Wayback Machine from the Historic Boston–Edison Association.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Boston–Edison Historic District Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine from the City of Detroit Planning and Development Department.
  8. ^ Census Tract 5323, Wayne County, Michigan Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today from US Census Bureau
  9. ^ Census Tract 5312, Wayne County, Michigan Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today from US Census Bureau
  10. ^ a b c d Walter Owen Briggs Home from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9/13/09
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Jerald A. Mitchell Archived 2009-01-06 at the Wayback Machine. Archivist & Historian; Historic Boston–Edison Association, retrieved 9/12/09
  12. ^ a b c Charles T. Fisher Residence from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9.13.09
  13. ^ a b Henry and Clara Ford Home from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9/13/09
  14. ^ "Detnews.com | Michigan History". Archived from the original on August 5, 2010. Retrieved August 7, 2010.
  15. ^ "The Motown Mansion". Jackson Gates Associates.
  16. ^ S. S. Kresge Home from Detroit1701.org, retrieved 9/13/09
  17. ^ "Ford, Henry, House". Michigan State Housing Development Authority. Archived from the original on May 13, 2011. Retrieved September 5, 2010.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i "history" page Archived 2007-09-10 at the Wayback Machine of the Historic Boston–Edison Association.
  19. ^ Plat map of Voigt Park subdivision[permanent dead link] from the State of Michigan.
  20. ^ Plat map of Boston Boulevard subdivision[permanent dead link] from the State of Michigan.
  21. ^ Plat map of Joy Farm subdivision[permanent dead link] from the State of Michigan.
  22. ^ Detroit Historic Districts Archived 2012-06-15 at the Wayback Machine from Cityscape Detroit
  23. ^ "National Scenic Byways Program". Archived from the original on July 24, 2010. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  24. ^ a b c d e Information on Henry Ford is from The Henry Ford House historical marker Archived 2011-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, text available from Historic Sites Online, State of Michigan Historic Preservation Office.
  25. ^ a b Arden Park-East Boston Historic District Archived 2012-02-08 at the Wayback Machine from the City of Detroit Planning and Development Department.
  26. ^ Albert Nelson Marquis, The Book of Detroiters, 1908, A. N. Marquis & Co., p. 312
  27. ^ "Elementary Boundaries - 2012/13 School Year." (Archive) Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.
  28. ^ "Middle School Boundaries - 2012/13 School Year." (Archive) Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.
  29. ^ "High School Boundaries - 2012/13 School Year." (Archive) Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.
  30. ^ "Middle School Boundary Map." Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved on October 20, 2009.
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