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{{Short description|Indian Sufi saint and warrior}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=August 2012}} |
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{{EngvarB|date=March 2021}} |
{{EngvarB|date=March 2021}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} |
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{{infobox royalty |
{{infobox royalty |
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| name = |
| name = Syed Ibrahim Malik Baya |
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| caption = Mausoleum of Malik Ibrahim Bayu in [[Bihar Sharif]] |
| caption = Mausoleum of Malik Ibrahim Bayu in [[Bihar Sharif]] |
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| image = Tomb of Ibrahim Baya 22.jpg |
| image = Tomb of Ibrahim Baya 22.jpg |
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| house = [[Malik clan (Bihar)|Malik]] |
| house = [[Malik clan (Bihar)|Malik]] |
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}} |
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''' |
'''Ibrahim Malik Baya '''was a [[Sufi]] saint of [[Suhrawardiyya|Suhrawardiyya order]] and a warrior who arrived in South Bihar, India, in the 14th century and defeated the tribal Kol chiefdoms, who had been oppressing the local Muslims. He was a contemporary of [[Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri]], Syed Ahmed Jajneri, [[Muzaffar Balkhi|Muzaffar Shams Balkhi]], Shah Ahmed Sistani and Syed Ahmad Charamposh.'''<ref name=":0" /> ''' |
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He was sent in a war with Raja Birthal, in which he defeated Raja Birthal |
He was sent in a war with Raja Birthal, in which he defeated Raja Birthal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IBRAHIM BAYA MAQBARA|url=https://bt-stage.argildx.com/en/destinations/nalanda/ibrahim-baya-maqbara|access-date=2020-11-25|website=bt-stage.argildx.com|language=en}}</ref> Malik Ibrahim Baya tomb is protected under [[Archaeological Survey of India]] and is a tourism spot in [[Bihar Sharif]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alphabetical List of Monuments – Bihar « Archaeological Survey of India|url=https://asi.nic.in/alphabetical-list-of-monuments-bihar/|access-date=2020-11-25|website=asi.nic.in}}</ref> |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Malik Baya belonged to [[Suhrawardiyya]] order. He came to India during the time of Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq and became commander-in-chief in 1324. The word Bayu' is the twisted from a Persian word ''Beya'' (lit. Come on). |
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| ⚫ | During the |
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Malik Baya after his first victory over Bihar, went to inform the matter to Muhammad bin Tughlaq, who being pleased with his remarkable win said: ''malik biya benasheen'' (lit. O Chief come and Sit down).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hanif|first=N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&pg=PA160|title=Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia|date=2000|publisher=Sarup & Sons | page=160 |isbn=978-81-7625-087-0|language=en}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The Sultan sent his general, Syed Ibrahim Malik, to punish Raja Bithal. After a fierce battle, the Raja was killed and his army was defeated. The conquest of Bihar was a remarkable achievement, and on this occasion, the Sultan conferred upon |
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| ⚫ | During the reign of Sultan Tughlaq, even though the State of Bihar was under the control of [[Delhi]], for all practical purposes, its rulers were autonomous. The Sultan received numerous complaints against the Raja Bithal, the Governor (Subedar) of Bihar, who was not only a tyrant but also a rebel against the Sultan of Delhi.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}} |
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| ⚫ | In [[Bihar]], |
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| ⚫ | The Sultan sent his general, Syed Ibrahim Malik, to punish Raja Bithal. After a fierce battle, the Raja was killed and his army was defeated. The conquest of Bihar was a remarkable achievement, and on this occasion, the Sultan conferred upon Malik Baya the title of "''Madarul Mulk''" means Malik or Saif-o-Daulat (Administrator or King of Sword and Wealth).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/syedmallicks/history|title = HISTORY - Syed Mallicks}}</ref> |
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==Assassination== |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | In [[Bihar]], Malik Baya led many expeditions such as Deora and Khatangi etc. and defeated Raja Baithal and was appointed as a Governor of Bihar by Mohammad bin Tughlaq. Syed Ibrahim Malik also served as Governor of Bihar and general for a few years from 1351 to 1353, during the reign of Sultan [[Firoz Shah Tughlaq]]. During his reign, he fought his last pitched battles with Raja Hans Kumar and conquer [[Rohtasgarh Fort]]. |
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==Legacy== |
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[[File:Tomb of Syed Malik Ibrahim Bayu.jpg|thumb|Mausoleum of Ibrahim Bayu and other tombs]] |
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The descendants of the eight children of Syed Ibrahim Malik Baya multiplied over 600 years and constituted a significant portion of the Muslim community in Bihar. The tomb is said to have been built by Syed Daud Malik, the eldest of the seven sons of the saint, who is also buried inside the tomb. The tomb of Syed Ibrahim Malik is located in [[Bihar Sharif]], at the hilltop of Budhha Pahari, one mile west of the town. The foundation stone of the tomb of Syed lbrahim was laid by [[Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri|Makhdum Jahan Bihari]], Mukhdum Ahmed Chirampush and Makhdum Shah Ahmed Sistani. The mausoleum is an extraordinary structure of a rare quality of bricks, which have withstood the ravages of time and the unrelenting devastation of weather for the last 600 years. |
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==Death and legacy== |
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After 600 years, the structure stands as if it were built in recent days. |
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| ⚫ | |||
He was buried on Peer Pahadi, Bihar Sharif and the foundation stone his Makbara was led by [[Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri]] and it was constructed by Daud Mallick, elder adopted son of Baya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Syed Amjad |title=Malik Ibrahim Baya: A Revered Figure in Bihar's History and Sufi Tradition |url=https://www.newageislam.com/islamic-personalities/syed-amjad-hussain-new-age-islam/malik-ibrahim-baya-revered-figure-bihar-s-history-sufi-tradition/d/132783 |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=New Age Islam |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Askari |first=Syed Hasan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=65YeAAAAMAAJ |title=Aspects of the Cultural History of Medieval Bihar |date=1984 |publisher=Kashi Prasad Jayswal Research Institute |pages=7 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hifz-ur-Rahman |first=Dr. Muhammad |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/tazkira-e-sufiya-e-bihar-mohammad-hifzurrahman-ebooks |title=Tazkira-e-Sufiya-e-Bihar |publisher=Educational Publishing House |year=2021 |location=Delhi |language=ur}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&dq=syed+ibrahim+malik+biya&pg=PA160] from BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCYCOPEDIA OF SUFIS SOUTH ASIA By N.Hanif {{ISBN|81-7625-087-2}} IN PAGE NO-160. |
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&dq=syed+ibrahim+malik+biya&pg=PA160] from BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCYCOPEDIA OF SUFIS SOUTH ASIA By N.Hanif {{ISBN|81-7625-087-2}} IN PAGE NO-160. |
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{{DEFAULTSORT: |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bayu Malik Ibrahim}} |
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[[Category:Indian people of Arab descent]] |
[[Category:Indian people of Arab descent]] |
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[[Category:Afghan Arabs]] |
[[Category:Afghan Arabs]] |
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Revision as of 13:21, 7 January 2025
| Syed Ibrahim Malik Baya | |
|---|---|
 Mausoleum of Malik Ibrahim Bayu in Bihar Sharif | |
| Born | Ghazni, Afghanistan |
| Died | 20 January 1353 CE (13th Dul Hajj 753 AH) Rohtasgarh, Rohtas District, Bihar |
| Clan | Malik |
| Occupation | Military general, Governor |
Ibrahim Malik Baya was a Sufi saint of Suhrawardiyya order and a warrior who arrived in South Bihar, India, in the 14th century and defeated the tribal Kol chiefdoms, who had been oppressing the local Muslims. He was a contemporary of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri, Syed Ahmed Jajneri, Muzaffar Shams Balkhi, Shah Ahmed Sistani and Syed Ahmad Charamposh.[1]
He was sent in a war with Raja Birthal, in which he defeated Raja Birthal.[2] Malik Ibrahim Baya tomb is protected under Archaeological Survey of India and is a tourism spot in Bihar Sharif.[3]
Early life
Malik Baya was a distinguished military general, and a Sufi saint as well. When the Abbasids persecuted his ancestors, they escaped to Ghazni. He was born and raised in Ghazni.[citation needed]
Malik Baya received his education and military training in Ghazni and then he came to Delhi to serve under the tutelage of Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
History
Malik Baya belonged to Suhrawardiyya order. He came to India during the time of Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq and became commander-in-chief in 1324. The word Bayu' is the twisted from a Persian word Beya (lit. Come on).
Malik Baya after his first victory over Bihar, went to inform the matter to Muhammad bin Tughlaq, who being pleased with his remarkable win said: malik biya benasheen (lit. O Chief come and Sit down).[4]
During the reign of Sultan Tughlaq, even though the State of Bihar was under the control of Delhi, for all practical purposes, its rulers were autonomous. The Sultan received numerous complaints against the Raja Bithal, the Governor (Subedar) of Bihar, who was not only a tyrant but also a rebel against the Sultan of Delhi.[citation needed]
The Sultan sent his general, Syed Ibrahim Malik, to punish Raja Bithal. After a fierce battle, the Raja was killed and his army was defeated. The conquest of Bihar was a remarkable achievement, and on this occasion, the Sultan conferred upon Malik Baya the title of "Madarul Mulk" means Malik or Saif-o-Daulat (Administrator or King of Sword and Wealth).[5]
In Bihar, Malik Baya led many expeditions such as Deora and Khatangi etc. and defeated Raja Baithal and was appointed as a Governor of Bihar by Mohammad bin Tughlaq. Syed Ibrahim Malik also served as Governor of Bihar and general for a few years from 1351 to 1353, during the reign of Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq. During his reign, he fought his last pitched battles with Raja Hans Kumar and conquer Rohtasgarh Fort.
Death and legacy
Malik Baya died on Sunday, 13th Dul Hajj 753 AH corresponding to 20 January 1353 AD. His body was brought to Bihar Sharif for burial, where he had lived nearly his entire life with his family, relatives, and kinsmen.
He was buried on Peer Pahadi, Bihar Sharif and the foundation stone his Makbara was led by Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri and it was constructed by Daud Mallick, elder adopted son of Baya.[1][6][7]
See also
References
- ^ a b Hussain, Syed Amjad. "Malik Ibrahim Baya: A Revered Figure in Bihar's History and Sufi Tradition". New Age Islam. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
- ^ "IBRAHIM BAYA MAQBARA". bt-stage.argildx.com. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
- ^ "Alphabetical List of Monuments – Bihar « Archaeological Survey of India". asi.nic.in. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
- ^ Hanif, N. (2000). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Sarup & Sons. p. 160. ISBN 978-81-7625-087-0.
- ^ "HISTORY - Syed Mallicks".
- ^ Askari, Syed Hasan (1984). Aspects of the Cultural History of Medieval Bihar. Kashi Prasad Jayswal Research Institute. p. 7.
- ^ Hifz-ur-Rahman, Dr. Muhammad (2021). Tazkira-e-Sufiya-e-Bihar (in Urdu). Delhi: Educational Publishing House.
Sources
- Articles on mysticism of Ibn Arabi from the Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi Society
- Mysticism in Islam a lecture by William Chittick
- Sufism From a site dedicated to various esoteric systems
- [1] from SUFIS OF INDIA PAKISTAN AND BANGLADESH :volume-1 BY Nagendra Kr Singh page no -256
- [2] from Sufi movements in eastern India by Mohammad Yahya Tamizi.page no-199
- [3] from BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCYCOPEDIA OF SUFIS SOUTH ASIA By N.Hanif ISBN 81-7625-087-2 IN PAGE NO-160.