Transmembrane ATPase: Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT ATPase |
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#REDIRECT [[ATPase]] |
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'''Transmembrane ATPases''' are [[integral membrane protein]]s and [[active transport]]ers, which move one or more ions or other solutes between the solutions on either side of a [[biological membrane]] in concert with the [[hydrolysis]] of [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]]. The category includes '''cotransporters,''' '''pumps''' and '''exchangers,''' some of which cause a net flow of charge ('''electrogenic''' pumps) and others of which do not ('''non-electrogenic''' pumps or transporters). An important example is the sodium-potassium exchanger ( or [[NaKATPase|"Na+/K+ATPase"]] ), which maintains the ionic concentration balance that maintains the [[cell potential]]. All of these [[enzyme]]s require ATP to accomplish transport, because they transport solutes in the direction opposite to their thermodynamically preferred direction of movement--from a side of the membrane where they are in low concentration to a side where they are in high concentration. The coupling between ATP hydrolysis and transport is a more or less strict chemical reaction in which a prescribed number of each solute molecule is transported for every one ATP molecule that is hydrolyzed. |
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'''ATP Synthetase''' or just '''ATP Synthase''', is an [[anabolic]] [[enzyme]] which harnesses the energy of small particles such as [[proton]]s as they diffuse across a membrane to bind a molecule of [[Adenosine triphosphate|ADP]] (Adenosine Diphosphate) to a molecule of [[inorganic phosphate]] to create a molecule of [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]] (Adenosine Triphosphate). |
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This system is found in many different metabolical reactions in a plethora of organisms. One example is in the [[light reactions]] of [[photosynthesis]], where the energy of protons acquired from the splitting of water molecules is harnessed to create ATP. |
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Latest revision as of 05:13, 29 August 2004
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