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{{for|Texas residential institutions|Texas State Schools}} |
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'''State school''' is an expression used in [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[South Africa]], and the [[United Kingdom]] to distinguish schools provided by the government from [[private school|privately run schools]]. |
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== United Kingdom == |
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In the [[United Kingdom]], the term, "state school", refers to government-funded schools which provide education free of charge to pupils. The contrast to this are fee-paying schools, often called "[[independent schools]]", "private schools" or "[[public school (UK)|public school]]s" (in the UK only; in the US, for example, [[Public school (government funded)|public schools]] are government-funded). |
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According to the ''[[Good Schools Guide]]'',<ref>http://www.goodschoolsguide.co.uk/schools/uk-schools/state-schools.html?Itemid=48</ref> {{cquote|In the UK, state schools exist in a bewildering variety of forms. Over the last hundred years, successive governments have struggled to improve education by reforming its structure, over and over again. What all state schools have in common is that they are entirely free to parents, being funded through taxation.}} |
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In [[England]] and [[Wales]] the term "public school" is often used to refer to fee-paying schools. "Public" is used here in a somewhat archaic sense, meaning that they are open to any member of the public, distinguished from religious schools which are open only to members of that religion. Some people call only the older fee-paying schools, "public schools", while others use the term for any such school. |
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In [[Scotland]], where the educational system is distinctly different from the rest of UK, the term "public school" was once used officially to describe state schools (being, as they were, publicly owned) – although preference is now being given to the term "state school". Use of "public school" in Scotland is ambiguous in definition as it can be used in both contexts as schools such as [[Fettes College]] in Edinburgh are often considered alongside other independent private schools; however, the original Scottish use of the term has found favour abroad, particularly in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]]. |
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The [[National Curriculum (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)|National Curriculum]] is followed in all local authority maintained schools in England, [[Northern Ireland]] and Wales. Academies, which are state schools, but not maintained by local authorities, have more freedom to adapt the National Curriculum. In Northern Ireland [[Secondary education|secondary-level]] schools are divided into [[Grammar schools in the United Kingdom|Grammar schools]], [[Secondary modern school|Secondary schools]] and Catholic-[[Voluntary aided school|maintained schools]], with an increasing number of [[Integrated Education|Integrated schools]]. There are also a small number of voluntary [[Irish language|Irish Language]] schools.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/actionnetwork/A1181819 BBC]</ref> |
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Throughout education in the UK, the vast majority of state-funded schools are under the control of local councils ([[Local Education Authority|Local Education Authorities]] in [[England and Wales]], [[Department of Education (Northern Ireland)|Department of Education]] in [[Northern Ireland]]), and are referred to in official literature as "maintained schools". The exceptions are a minority of secondary schools in England funded directly by central government, known as [[academy (English school)|academies]] and [[City Technology College]]s. |
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Some state schools, known as [[faith schools]], have formal links with religious organisations, and are permitted to promote a particular religious ethos and to use faith criteria in their admissions. Some maintained schools are partially funded by religious or other charitable bodies; these are known as [[voluntary controlled school]]s, [[voluntary aided school]]s or [[foundation school]]s. |
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The oldest state school in England is [[Beverley Grammar School]], which was founded in [[700]] AD. |
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== Australia == |
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In Australia state schools are the responsibility of the state governments. States Schools grew out of the system of National Schools in the mid-19th century. |
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==South Africa== |
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In [[South Africa]], a state school or government school refers to a school that is state-controlled. These are officially called public schools according to the South African Schools Act of 1996, but it is a term that is not used colloquially. |
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== United States == |
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In the [[United States]], "state school" is a colloquial term for [[state university]], a college or university in a state university system. [[Public school (government funded)|Public school]] refers to primary and secondary schools which are funded and/or run by a governmental entity. |
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"State school" is also a term used somewhat condescendingly or derisively by students and alumni of some "University of" schools to refer to "State University" schools of the same state, e.g., referring to any [[California State University]] from the perspective of the [[University of California]]. |
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In many states, "State School" is used in the same manner as "[[State Hospital]]" to denote an institution for the [[mental retardation|mentally retarded]]. See, for example, [[Texas State Schools]].<ref>[http://www.dads.state.tx.us/services/stateschools/index.html Texas Department of Aging and Disability Services]</ref> |
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== References == |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.goodschoolsguide.co.uk/schools/uk-schools/state-schools.html?Itemid=48 Explanatory article at the [[Good Schools Guide]]] |
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[[Category:School types]] |
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[[cy:Ysgol y wladwriaeth]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:50, 3 June 2010
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