Attribution theory: Difference between revisions
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'''Attribution theory''' is a [[social psychology]] theory developed by [[Fritz Heider]], [[Harold Kelley]], [[Edward E. Jones]], [[Lee Ross]], and [[Bernard Weiner]]. |
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The theory explores how individuals "attribute" causes to events and behavior. |
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==Elements of Attribution Theory== |
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Developed by [[Bernard Weiner]] |
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1. '''Locus''' - location of the cause—internal (dispositional) or external (situational) to the person |
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* Closely related to feelings of self-esteem |
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* If success or failure is attributed to internal factors, success will lead to pride and increased motivation, whereas failure will diminish self-esteem |
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2. '''Stability''' - whether the cause is likely to stay the same in the near future or can change |
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* Closely related to expectations about the future |
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* If students attribute their failure to stable factors such as the difficulty of the subject, they will expect to fail in that subject in the future |
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3. '''Controllability''' - whether the person can control the cause |
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* Related to ambitions such as anger, pity, gratitude, or shame |
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* If we feel responsible for our failures, we may feel guilt |
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* If we feel responsible for our successes, we may feel proud |
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* Failing at a task we cannot control can lead to shame or anger |
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<ref>Second Canadian Edition of Educational Psychology, by Anita Woolfolk, Philip Winne, and Nancy Perry.</ref> |
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==Covariation Theory== |
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Developed by [[Harold Kelley]] examines how people decide whether an internal or an external attribution will be made. |
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The theory divides the way people attribute [[causes]] into two types. |
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* "External" or "situational" [[attribution]] assigns causality to an '''outside factor''', such as the [[weather]]. |
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* "Internal" or "dispositional" attribution assigns causality to factors within the '''person''', such as their own level of [[intelligence (trait)|intelligence]] or other variables that make the individual responsible for the event. |
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The [[covariation model]] has been developed by H. H. Kelley. |
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==See also== |
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{{Portal|Psychology}} |
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* [[Attributional bias]] |
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* [[Fundamental attribution error]] |
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* [[Causality|Causation]] |
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* [[Educational psychology]] |
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* [[Correspondent inference theory]] |
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* [[Locus of control]] |
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* [[Explanatory style]] |
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* [[Self-serving bias]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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* Heider, Fritz. (1958). ''The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations''. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-36833-4 |
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* Woolfolk, Anita (2007). Educational Psychology. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.. |
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* Vockell, Edward L (2001). [http://education.calumet.purdue.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy5/edpsy5_attribution.htm Chapter 5], ''Educational Psychology: A Practical Approach''. |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Attribution Theory}} |
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[[Category:Attitude attribution]] |
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[[Category:Consumer behaviour]] |
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[[Category:Social psychology]] |
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[[Category:Consciousness studies]] |
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[[ar:نظرية العزو]] |
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[[az:Atribusiya nəzəriyyəsi]] |
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[[bg:Атрибутивна теория]] |
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[[cs:Atribuce]] |
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[[de:Attributionstheorien]] |
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[[es:Teoría de la atribución]] |
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[[ko:귀인 이론]] |
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[[it:Teoria dell'attribuzione]] |
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[[he:תאוריית הייחוס]] |
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[[lt:Atribucijos teorija]] |
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[[nl:Attributie (psychologie)]] |
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[[ja:帰属理論]] |
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[[pl:Teoria atrybucji]] |
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[[pt:Teoria da Atribuição]] |
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[[tr:Yükleme teorisi]] |
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[[zh:归因理论]] |
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Latest revision as of 15:57, 29 March 2011
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