Sermeq Kujalleq: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Jakobshavn Isbræ 1850-2003.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Satellite image of Sermeq Kujalleq. The coloured lines show the retreat of the calving front of the glacier since 1850. The area stretching from the calving front to the sea in the bottom left corner is the Ilulissat icefjord. Courtesy of Nasa Space Observatory]] |
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'''Sermeq Kujalleq''' ({{lang-da|Jakobshavn Isbræ}}) is a large outlet [[glacier]] in western [[Greenland]]. It is located east of [[Ilulissat]], flowing into Ilulissat Icefjord, at approximately {{coord|69|10|N|49|50|W|type:glacier}}. |
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[[Image:Jakobshavn Isbræ 2001-2004.png|thumb|right|Satellite image showing the recent accelerating retreat of the calving front of Sermeq Kujalleq. Courtesy of Nasa Space Observatory]] |
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The glacier is a major contributor to the mass balance of the [[Greenland ice sheet]], producing some 10% of all Greenland [[iceberg]]s. Some 35 billion tonnes of icebergs calve off and pass out of the [[fjord]] every year. Icebergs breaking from the glacier are often so large (up to a kilometer in height) that they are too tall to float down the fjord and lie stuck on the bottom of its shallower areas, sometimes for years, until they are broken up by the force of the glacier and icebergs further up the fjord. Studied for over 250 years, Sermeq Kujalleq has helped develop our understanding of [[climate change]] and icecap [[glaciology]]. |
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== Speed of flow == |
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It is also one of the fastest moving glaciers, flowing at its terminus at speeds of 20 to 22 metres per day. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of [[sea level rise]] by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level rise<ref>[http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/lookingatearth/jakobshavn.html 'Fastest Glacier in Greenland Doubles Speed', NASA]</ref>. One report<ref>[http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v1/n10/abs/ngeo316.html 'Acceleration of Jakobshavn Isbræ triggered by warm subsurface ocean waters', David M. Holland et al., Nature Geoscience 1, 659 - 664 (2008)]</ref> presents data that show a sudden increase in subsurface ocean temperature in 1997 along the entire west coast of Greenland, and suggests that the changes in Sermeq Kujalleq are due to the arrival of relatively warm water originating from the Irminger Sea near [[Iceland]]. |
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==See also== |
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*[[Retreat of glaciers since 1850]] |
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*[[Glacial motion]] |
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*[[Glacier mass balance]] |
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*[[List of glaciers]] |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.geus.dk/publications/bull/nr4/nr4_p85-88-uk.htm Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland] Jakobshavn Isbræ,West Greenland: the 2002-2003 collapse and nomination for the UNESCO World Heritage List. Review of Survey activities 2003, issue 4, pp. 85-88. |
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*[http://www.geus.dk/publications/boeger/ilulissat-uk.htmhttp://www.geus.dk/publications/boeger/ilulissat-uk.htm Ilulissat Icefjord]. Book edited by Ole Bennike, Naja Mikkelsen, Henrik Klinge Pedersen and Anker Weidick, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, 28th September, 2004, ISBN 87-7871-136-3 |
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*[http://rcswww.urz.tu-dresden.de/~isprs/proceedings/paper/MAAS_606.pdf 2004 velocity measurements incl. tidal effects] Article from Dresden University of Technology. |
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[[Category:Glaciers of Greenland]] |
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[[hu:Jakobshavn-gleccser]] |
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[[ja:ヤコブスハブン氷河]] |
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[[pt:Jakobshavn Isbræ]] |
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Latest revision as of 15:04, 11 March 2013
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