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:''The text quoted here has been extracted from ''The Thousand Years of the de Judicibus Italian Lineage'', historical anthology about familiar memories going from the origins till now, edited by Danilo de Judicibus, and translated to English by [[Dario de Judicibus]]. '' |
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'''Martino de Judicibus''' ({{lang-es|'''Martín de Judicibus'''}}) was a [[Genoese]]<ref>Documents related to the questioning performed by the Spanish [[Maximilianus Transylvanus|authorities]] after the 18 survivors of the voyage returned to Seville in 1522 report that de Judicibus was born in [[Savona]], [[Italy]].</ref> [[Chief Steward]]. He served with [[Ferdinand Magellan]] on his historical voyage. His history is preserved in the nominative registers at the ''Archivo General de Indias'' in [[Seville]], [[Spain]]. The family name is referred to with the exact Latin patronymic, "de Judicibus". |
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He was initially assigned to the caravel ''Concepción'', one of the five ships of the small Spanish fleet of Magellan that, to order of [[Charles V]] of Spain, has the official purpose of circumnavigate the Earth by discovering a South-West passage connecting the Atlantic to the Pacific. About this passage, that was believed to be very probable from a geographic point of view, but of which nobody has trustworthy information, cartographers tell tales from time. |
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The real strategic purpose of the expedition is to look for a new maritime way to the Islands of the Spices, in the Indonesian archipelago of the Moluccas, avoiding to pass around the Africa, whose Western and Southern harbors are all into the hands of Portugal. If possible, he will have also to proof that the Moluccas are really to West of the antemeridian of the borderline that, according to the treatises, divides the zones of influence and colonial possession between Spaniards and Portugueses. Naturally, not less important, it will be any discovery of new territories to be annexed to the already immense empire of the King of Spain. |
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Martino de Judicibus is embarked with sobresalientes with the rank of ''merino'', that is a subordinate of infantry. The expedition sails on [[August 10]] [[1519]] from St. Lucar, the harbor of Seville, for a voyage which ends on [[September 6]] [[1522]], when "Victoria", the only surviving ship, returns to the harbor of departure after completing the first circumnavigation of the globe in 2 years, 11 months and 3 days. On board of the small ship (85 tons), embarking water and with an emergency veiling, there are only 18 men out of the 235 who left, including sailors and soldiers. Among the survivors, there are only two Italians, Antonio Lombardo and just Martino de Judicibus. Antonio Lombardo is also known as [[Pigafetta]], former secretary of Magellan, that is he who will write the history of the expedition. |
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== The Route of Voyage == |
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[[Image:Ddj_victoria_route.jpg|frame|right|The route of [[Victoria (ship)|Victoria]]]] |
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* Departure from Seville on [[10 August]] [[1519]] |
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* Departure from St. Lucar on [[20 September]] [[1519]] |
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* Arrival at the Bay of Rio de Janeiro on [[14 December]] [[1519]] |
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* The Santiago wrecks |
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* Passing through the Strait of Magellan on [[21 October]] [[1520]] |
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* The San Antonio deserted and returned to Spain |
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* Entering the Pacific Ocean on [[18 December]] [[1520]] |
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* Arrival at Guam, in the Marianas, on [[6 March]] [[1521]] |
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* Magellan is killed on Mactan Island on [[27 April]] [[1521]] |
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* Juan Sebastian del Cano assumes command |
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* The Concepcion is abandoned |
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* The Trinidad turns back to the Moluccas |
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* Arrival at St. Lucar on [[6 September]] [[1522]] |
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* Arrival at Seville on [[8 September]] [[1522]] |
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==European survivors of the the expedition== |
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{|border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |
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|+ 18 Europeans returned to Seville with ''Victoria'' in 1522 |
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! Name !! Rating |
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| [[Juan Sebastian Elcano]], from [[Getaria]] || Master |
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| Francisco Albo, from [[Axio]] || Pilot |
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|- |
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| Miguel de [[Rhodes|Rodas]] || Pilot |
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| Juan de Acurio<!-- Acuario? -->, from [[Bermeo]] || Pilot |
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| [[Antonio Pigafetta|Antonio Lombardo (Pigafetta)]], from [[Vicenza]] || [[Supernumerary]] |
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| [[Martín de Judicibus]], from [[Genoa]] || Chief Steward |
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|- |
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| Hernándo de Bustamante, from [[Alcántara]]<!-- Mérida? --> || Mariner |
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| Nicholas the Greek, from [[Naples]] || Mariner |
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| Miguel Sánchez, from [[Rhodes]] || Mariner |
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| Antonio Hernández Colmenero, from [[Huelva]] || Mariner |
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| Francisco Rodrigues, [[Portugal|Portuguese]] from [[Seville]] || Mariner |
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| Juan Rodríguez, from [[Huelva]] || Mariner |
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| Diego Carmena<!-- Gallego, from Bayona? --> || Mariner |
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| Hans of [[Aachen]] || Gunner |
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| Juan de Arratia, from [[Bilbao]] || Able Seaman |
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| Vasco Gomez Gallego, from [[Bayona, Spain|Bayona]] || Able Seaman |
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| Juan de Santandrés, from [[Cueto, Cuba|Cueto]] || Apprentice Seaman |
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| Juan de Zubileta, from [[Barakaldo]] || Page |
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|} |
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==Footnotes== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.dejudicibus.it/genealogia/ I 1000 Anni delle famiglie «de Judicibus» e «Giliberti»] (Italian language) |
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[[Category:Explorers of the Pacific|Judicibus]] |
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[[category:Italian explorers|Judicibus]] |
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[[category:Year of birth missing|Judicibus]] |
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[[category:Year of death missing|Judicibus]] |
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[[it:Spedizione di Ferdinando Magellano]] |
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