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#REDIRECT [[Ferdinand Magellan#Survivors]] {{R from merge}} |
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:''The text quoted here has been extracted from ''The Thousand Years of the de Judicibus Italian Lineage'', historical anthology about familiar memories going from the origins till now, edited by Danilo de Judicibus, and translated to English by [[Dario de Judicibus]]. '' |
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'''Martino de Judicibus''' ({{lang-es|'''Martín de Judicibus'''}}) was a [[Genoese]]<ref>Documents related to the questioning performed by the Spanish [[Maximilianus Transylvanus|authorities]] after the 18 survivors of the voyage returned to Seville in 1522 report that de Judicibus was born in [[Savona]], [[Italy]].</ref> [[Chief Steward]]. He served with [[Ferdinand Magellan]] on his historical voyage to find a westward route to the [[Spice Islands]] of [[Indonesia]]. His history is preserved in the nominative registers at the ''Archivo General de Indias'' in [[Seville]], [[Spain]]. The family name is referred to with the exact Latin patronymic, "de Judicibus". |
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He was initially assigned to the caravel ''Concepción'', one of five ships of the small Spanish fleet of Magellan. By the order of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] of Spain, the purpose of the fleet was to [[Circumnavigation|circumnavigate]] the Earth by discovering a southwest passage connecting the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] to the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]]. Cartographers at the time believed the passage to be very probable from a geographic point of view, but nobody had trustworthy information about the supposed passage. |
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The real strategic purpose of the expedition was to look for a new maritime way to the Spice Islands of Indonesia, avoiding the route around Africa whose western and southern harbors were all in the hands of [[Portuguese Empire|Portugal]]. Magellan was also tasked to prove that the Spice Islands were really west of the anti-meridian borderline of Portugal according to the [[Treaty of Tordesillas]], therefore becoming property of Spain and not it's current owner, Portugal. Lastly, new territories discovered were to be annexed to the already immense [[Spanish Empire]]. |
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Martino de Judicibus embarked on the expedition with the rank of ''merino'' or Chief Steward. The expedition set sail on [[August 10]] [[1519]] from St. Lucar, the harbor of Seville, for a voyage which ended 2 years, 11 months and 3 days later on [[September 6]] [[1522]], when ''Victoria'', the only surviving ship, returned to the harbor of departure after completing the first circumnavigation of the Earth. On board the small ship only 18 men out of the original 235 crew survived. Among the survivors there were only two Italians, Antonio Lombardo (Pigafetta) and Martino de Judicibus. |
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==The route of the voyage== |
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[[Image:Ddj_victoria_route.jpg|frame|right|The route of [[Victoria (ship)|Victoria]]]] |
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* Departure from Seville on [[10 August]] [[1519]] |
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* Departure from St. Lucar on [[20 September]] [[1519]] |
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* Arrival at the Bay of Rio de Janeiro on [[14 December]] [[1519]] |
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* The ''Santiago'' wrecks |
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* Passing through the Strait of Magellan on [[21 October]] [[1520]] |
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* The ''San Antonio'' deserted and returned to Spain |
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* Entering the Pacific Ocean on [[18 December]] [[1520]] |
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* Arrival at Guam, in the Marianas, on [[6 March]] [[1521]] |
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* Magellan is [[Battle of Mactan|killed]] on [[Mactan Island]] on [[27 April]] [[1521]] |
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* Juan Sebastian Elcano assumes command |
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* The ''Concepción'' is abandoned |
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* The ''Trinidad'' turns back to the Moluccas |
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* Arrival at St. Lucar on [[6 September]] [[1522]] |
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* Arrival at Seville on [[8 September]] [[1522]] |
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==European survivors of the the expedition== |
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{|border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |
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|+ 18 Europeans returned to Seville with ''Victoria'' in 1522 |
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|- |
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! Name !! Rating |
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|- |
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| [[Juan Sebastian Elcano]], from [[Getaria]] || Master |
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|- |
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| Francisco Albo, from [[Axio]] || Pilot |
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|- |
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| Miguel de [[Rhodes|Rodas]] || Pilot |
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|- |
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| Juan de Acurio<!-- Acuario? -->, from [[Bermeo]] || Pilot |
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|- |
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| [[Antonio Pigafetta|Antonio Lombardo (Pigafetta)]], from [[Vicenza]] || [[Supernumerary]] |
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|- |
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| [[Martín de Judicibus]], from [[Genoa]] || Chief Steward |
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|- |
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| Hernándo de Bustamante, from [[Alcántara]]<!-- Mérida? --> || Mariner |
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| Nicholas the Greek, from [[Naples]] || Mariner |
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| Miguel Sánchez, from [[Rhodes]] || Mariner |
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| Antonio Hernández Colmenero, from [[Huelva]] || Mariner |
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| Francisco Rodrigues, [[Portugal|Portuguese]] from [[Seville]] || Mariner |
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| Juan Rodríguez, from [[Huelva]] || Mariner |
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|- |
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| Diego Carmena<!-- Gallego, from Bayona? --> || Mariner |
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| Hans of [[Aachen]] || Gunner |
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| Juan de Arratia, from [[Bilbao]] || Able Seaman |
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| Vasco Gomez Gallego, from [[Bayona, Spain|Bayona]] || Able Seaman |
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| Juan de Santandrés, from [[Cueto, Cuba|Cueto]] || Apprentice Seaman |
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| Juan de Zubileta, from [[Barakaldo]] || Page |
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|} |
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==Footnotes== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.dejudicibus.it/genealogia/ I 1000 Anni delle famiglie «de Judicibus» e «Giliberti»] (Italian language) |
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[[Category:Explorers of the Pacific|Judicibus]] |
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[[category:Italian explorers|Judicibus]] |
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[[category:Year of birth missing|Judicibus]] |
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[[category:Year of death missing|Judicibus]] |
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[[it:Spedizione di Ferdinando Magellano]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:08, 13 January 2014
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