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{{Infobox ship career |
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|Ship country= |
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|Ship name={{flagicon|UK}} ''Strathardle'' (1910—1916)<br>{{flagicon|USA}} ''Harold Dollar'' (1916—1927)<br>{{flagicon|UK}} ''Glenbeath'' (1927—1932)<br>{{flagicon|Estonia}} ''Eestirand'' (1932—1941)<br>{{flagicon|Soviet Union}} ''VT-532'' (1941) |
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|Ship builder= A. McMillan & Son Ltd<br>[[Dumbarton]], [[Scotland]] |
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|Ship acquired= |
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|Ship completed= 1910 |
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|Ship owner =Steam Ship Co., Ltd. (Burrell & Son), Glasgow (1910—1916)<br>[[Robert Dollar|Dollar Steamship Lines, Ltd]], San Francisco (1916—1927)<br>Waverly Shipping Company, Ltd., Glasgow (1927—1932)<br>Estonian Fisheries, Tallinn (1932—1941) |
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|Ship operator= [[Boris Nelke]] (1941) |
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|Ship fate=Sunk on 24 August 1945 by German aircraft |
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}} |
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{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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|Ship class=Steel bodied two-masted [[steamship]] |
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|Ship tonnage={{GRT|4377}} |
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|Ship length={{convert|114.7|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship beam={{convert|15.9|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship draught={{convert|6.9|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship propulsion= 1 x triple expansion engine<br>two masts |
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|Ship power= Steam |
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|Ship speed={{convert|9.5|kn|mph|abbr=on}} |
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The ''SS Eestirand'' (''Estonian Coast''), built in 1910, was an [[Estonia]]n steel-bodied steam ship freighter. During [[World War II]] it served as a Russian Navy transport vessel and was subsequently sunk in 1941 near [[Prangli]] Island during the [[Soviet evacuation of Tallinn]] in 1941. |
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== History == |
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The ship was built in 1910 by A. McMillan & Son Ltd. in [[Dumbarton]], [[Scotland]]. It was originally named ''Starthardle'' and served the Burell & Son Steamship Line<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.ee/books?id=74QdfPRwzYgC&pg=PA170 |first=R. A. |last=Cage |title=A tramp shipping dynasty--Burrell & Son of Glasgow, 1850-1939 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |date=1997 |page=170 |isbn=9780313303463 |accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> in [[Glasgow]] for six years before it was sold to Scottish-American shipping magnate [[Robert Dollar]] in 1916, where it served the Dollar Steamship Lines as the ''Harold Dollar'', ferrying trade goods between [[New York]] and the Asia.<ref name=dollar>{{cite book |last=|first=|date= 1920|title=Greater New York: Bulletin of the Merchants' Association of New York, Volume 9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=peo-AQAAMAAJ&dq=the+Dollar+Steamship+Lines+%22Harold+Dollar%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s |location=New York |publisher= The Association|pages=12 |isbn=|accessdate= 9 December 2014 }}</ref> |
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In 1932, it was sold to an Estonian fishing company in 1932 and was renamed ''Eestirand'' operating out of the port of [[Tallinn]], [[Estonia]] and was refitted for the fishing trade. At the time, it was the largest ship in the Estonian merchant fleet. |
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== Service in World War II == |
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[[File:II maailmasõjas hukkunute ühishaud-"Eesti rand".JPG |''Eestirand'' Memorial site on [[Prangli]] Island, [[Estonia]]|thumb]] |
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[[File:"Eesti rand"-II maailmasõjas hukkunute ühishaud.JPG |''Eestirand'' Memorial site on [[Prangli]] Island, [[Estonia]]|thumb]] |
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During World War II, the ''Eestirand'' was pressed into service to the occupying Soviet Navy and was recommissioned into the [[Baltic Fleet]] as ''VT-532'' in 1941. The ship's primary role was transporting troops and war materiel in the heavily mined [[Baltic Sea]]. As German troops advanced on Tallinn in August of 1941, the Soviets began preparations for evacuation. The ''Eestirand'' would be part of a convoy or ships responsible for the evacuation of Russian military personnel and Estonian conscripts to [[Kronstadt]] help lift the German [[siege of Leningrad]].<ref name=kriss>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Fg_ED4icdu8C&pg=PA130&lpg=PA130&dq=eestirand+tallinn&source=bl&ots=52LSCTr_Y0&sig=_4JYOIoyl1xSgyyp0MnqGziHtdc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DwiHVIqLGIymyASpmoG4DA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=eestirand%20tallinn&f=false |title=Estonian Life Stories |page=130 |first=Tiina |last=Kriss |publisher=Central European University Press |date=2009 |isbn=9789639776395 |accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> |
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On 24 August, 1941 the ''Eestirand'' came under attack by German planes as it neared the [[Keri Lighthouse]] on [[Keri (island)|Keri Island]].<ref name=bradt>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ibfxAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA128&lpg=PA128&dq=eestirand+tallinn&source=bl&ots=d5Js0XQpqb&sig=N0txQnJjRDEcOa6X4fyphwiQSME&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DwiHVIqLGIymyASpmoG4DA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=eestirand%20tallinn&f=false |title=Bradt Travel Guide: Estonia |first= Neil |last=Taylor |pages=128 |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |date=2014 |isbn=9781841624877 |accessdate=9 December 2014}}</ref> 44 men perished in the bombardment, and many more drowned after falling overboard.<ref name=kriss/> The captain of the ''Eestirand'', [[Boris Nelke]] was given orders to continue on to Kronstadt by the commander of the evacuation fleet, [[Vladimir Tributs]]. Ignoring the order, the captain instead chose to head [[Prangli]] Island, approximately 6 km to the south, and ground the badly damaged ship off the coast of the island. |
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Once grounded, the captain and crew members of the ''Eestirand'' helped the 2700 surviving Estonian conscripts to disarm the Soviet military personnel aboard the ship and escape onto the island and avoid mobilization to Leningrad. |
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In 1946, the wreckage of the ''Eestirand'' was lifted and towed to [[Kopli|Kopli Bay]] for scrap. |
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== Memorial == |
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After the war, a memorial was placed on Prangli Island to honor the passengers and crew members of the ''Eestirand'' who lost their lives on that fateful voyage. The memorial includes a large 4 meter high wooden cross with the inscription "''Eestirand'' 24-08-41", adorned with a life preserver from the ship. The original anchor was salvaged from the wreck and encased in concrete at the foot of the cross. 42 smaller white wooden crosses stand for those killed in the attack. |
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A central granite pedestal bears a plaque which reads (translated from Estonian): |
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''"Here at Prangli Island off the coast of Keri on 24 and 25 August 1941, the steam ship Eestirand was lost to bombing of German aircraft |
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For dozens of Estonians and Russian Jews it was their last sea voyage."'' |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Baltic Sea]] |
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[[Category:Lists of shipwrecks by year]] |
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[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1941]] |
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[[Category:Ships sunk by aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Maritime incidents in the Soviet Union]] |
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[[Category:Shipwrecks in the Gulf of Finland]] |
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