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==Table of optical telescope progression historically==
Chronological list of optical telescopes by historical significance, not overall size.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Name || [[Aperture]] <br/>[[meter|m]] ||Aper. <br/>[[inch|in]] || [[Objective (optics)|Objective]] || Significance || Site || Built
|-
| [[Large Binocular Telescope]] (LBT) || 8.4&nbsp;m(2)</br>or 11.8&nbsp;m || 464.5″ ||[[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - Binocular, 2|| Worlds largest 2007 || [[Mount Graham International Observatory]], [[Arizona]] || [[2007]]
|-
| [[Gran Telescopio Canarias]] (GTC) || 10.4 m || 410″ ||[[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Segmented mirror|Segmented]],36 || Worlds largest 2006 || [[Roque de los Muchachos Observatory|ORM]], [[Canary Islands]], [[Spain]] || [[2006]]
|-
| [[Southern African Large Telescope]] (SALT) || ~10 m || ~400″ ||[[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Segmented mirror|Segmented]],91|| Worlds largest 2005 || [[Sutherland]], [[Northern Cape]] || [[2005]]
|-
| [[Keck telescope|Keck]] 1 || 10 m || 400″ ||[[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Segmented mirror|Segmented]],36|| Worlds largest 1993 || [[Mauna Kea Observatory]], [[Hawaii]] || [[1993]]
|-
|[[Hubble Space Telescope|Hubble]] (HST) || 2.4 m || 94″ || Single || Largest Visible-light space based telescope || [[Low Earth orbit]] [[NASA]]+[[ESA]] || 1990
|-
| [[BTA-6]] || 6 m || 238″ ||[[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]]|| Worlds largest 1976 || [[Zelenchukskaya]], [[Caucasus]] || [[1976]]
|-
|[[McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope]] || 1.61 m || 63″ || Single || Largest solar telescope || [[Kitt Peak National Observatory|Kitt Peak National Obs.]], USA || 1962
|-
| [[Hale Telescope]] (200 inch) || 5.08 m || 200″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] || Worlds largest 1948 || [[Palomar Observatory]], [[California]] || [[1948]]
|-
| [[Samuel Oschin telescope]] || 1.22 m || 48″ || [[Schmidt camera|Schmidt]] || Worlds largest Schmidt camera 1948 || [[Palomar Observatory]]; California || 1948
|-
| 69-inch Perkins Telescope<ref> http://www.perkins-observatory.org/history.html </ref> || 1.75 m || 69″ || Single || ||[[Perkins Observatory]], Ohio || 1931-1964
|-
| Plaskett telescope <ref> http://www.hia-iha.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/public/18_e.html </ref> || 1.83 m || 72″ || Single || designed as worlds largest but beat by [[Mount Wilson Observatory#100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker telescope|Hooker 100-Inch]] || [[Dominion Astrophysical Observatory]], Canada || 1918
|-
| [[Mount Wilson Observatory|Hooker 100-Inch Telescope]] || 2.54 m|| 100″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] || Worlds largest 1917 || [[Mt. Wilson Observatory]]; [[California]] || [[1917]]
|-
| [[Mount Wilson Observatory|Hale 60-Inch Telescope]] || 1.524 m|| 60″ || Single || || [[Mt. Wilson Observatory]]; [[California]] || [[1908]]
|-
| Harvard 60-inch Reflector <ref> http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9A0CE3DC143AE733A25755C0A9629C946497D6CF New York Times "NEW HARVARD TELESCOPE.; Sixty-Inch Reflector, Biggest in the World, Being Set Up. "April 6, 1905, Thursday Page 9 </ref> || 1.524 m || 60″ || Single || || [[Harvard College Observatory]], USA || [[1905]]-[[1931]]
|-
| George Ritchey 40-inch (1 m)<ref> http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=17931 </ref> || 102&nbsp;cm || 40″ || [[Ritchey-Chrétien|R/C]] || || [[Flagstaff Station|Flagstaff]], Arizona (Washington, D.C. until 1955)|| 1934
|-
| ''Zeiss di Merate'' (1m reflector) || 100&nbsp;cm || 39.4″ || Single ||[[Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)|Kingdom of Italy]] || [[Merate Astronomical Observatory|Merate Obs.]], [[Merate]], [[Italy]] || 1926
|-
| Zeiss 1m reflector || 100&nbsp;cm || 39.4″ || Single || || [[Royal Observatory of Belgium|Royal Obs.]], [[Uccle]], Belgium ||
|-
| Hamburg ''Spiegelteleskop'' (1m reflector)<ref>http://www.hs.uni-hamburg.de/EN/Oef/Stw/1mspiegel/1mspiegel.html </ref><ref> http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1935Obs....58..208. </ref>|| 100&nbsp;cm || 39.4″ || Single || ||[[Hamburg Observatory|Hamburg-Bergdorf Obs.]], Germany || 1911
|-
| [[Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900]] || 125 cm || 49.21" || [[refracting telescope|refractor]] || largest refractor ever built || [[Exposition Universelle (1900)]] || 1900
|-
| [[Yerkes Observatory]] || 102&nbsp;cm || 40″ || [[refracting telescope|refractor]] || largest operational refractor || [[Lick Observatory]], USA || 1897
|-
| [[Crossley telescope|Crossley Reflector]] || 91.4&nbsp;cm || 36″ || glass - [[reflecting telescope|reflector]] || First astrophotographic telescope<ref> http://www.ucolick.org/public/telescopes/crossley.html </ref> || A.A. Common Reflector, Britain / [[Lick Observatory]], USA || 1879
|-
| [[Great Melbourne Telescope]]<ref> http://stjarnhimlen.se/bigtel/LargestTelescope.html </ref> || 1.22 m || 48″ || [[Speculum metal|Metal]] || || [[Melbourne Observatory]], Australia || 1878-1889
|-
| William Lassell 48-inch <ref> http://www.mikeoates.org/lassell/lassell_by_a_chapman.htm </ref>|| 1.22 m || 48″ || [[Speculum metal|Metal]] || || [[Malta]] || 1861-1865
|-
|[[Leviathan of Parsonstown]] || 1.83 m || 72″ || [[Speculum metal|metal]] - [[reflecting telescope|reflector]] || Worlds largest 1845 || [[Birr Castle]]; [[Ireland]] || 1845
|-
| William Lassell 24-inch <ref> http://www.mikeoates.org/lassell/telescope.htm </ref> || 61&nbsp;cm || 24″ || [[Speculum metal|metal]] - [[reflecting telescope|reflector]] || [[Great Britain]] || [[Liverpool]], [[England]]|| 1845
|-
| Rosse 36-inch Telescope || 91.4&nbsp;cm || 36″ || [[Speculum metal|metal]] - [[reflecting telescope|reflector]] || [[Great Britain]] || [[Birr Castle]]; [[Ireland]] ||1826
|-
| [[40-foot telescope|Herschel 40-foot]] (126&nbsp;cm d.)<ref name="ssplprint">{{cite web | url=http://www.ssplprints.com/image.php?imgref=10408672 | title=Original mirror for William Herschel's 40 foot telescope, 1785 | publisher=Science & Society Picture Library | accessdate=22 November 2008}}</ref> || 1.26 m || 49.5″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Speculum metal|metal mirror]] || Worlds largest 1789 || [[Observatory House]]; [[England]] || 1789-1815
|-
| Herschel 20-foot (47.5&nbsp;cm d.) <ref> http://www.maa.clell.de/Messier/E/Xtra/Bios/wherschel.html </ref><ref> http://www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/gal111/universe/etu_a_herschel.htm </ref>|| 47.5&nbsp;cm || 18.5″ || [[Speculum metal|Metal]] || [[Great Britain]] || [[Observatory House]]; [[England]]|| 1782
|-
| Rev John Michell's Gregorian reflector<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=KAWwzHlDVksC&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=Father+Noel+telescope&source=bl&ots=0GQUbfITZ-&sig=oFKUzJw4qCkPt8P4s-A_VQZd2XU&hl=en&ei=xrjmSYjwG5vFtgfk45XwBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2 Henry C. King, '''The History of the Telescope''' - page 91]</ref> || 75&nbsp;cm || 29.5″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Gregorian telescope|Gregorian]] || Worlds largest 1780 || [[Yorkshire]], [[Great Britain]] || 1780-1789
|-
| Father Noel's Gregorian reflector<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=KAWwzHlDVksC&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=Father+Noel+telescope&source=bl&ots=0GQUbfITZ-&sig=oFKUzJw4qCkPt8P4s-A_VQZd2XU&hl=en&ei=xrjmSYjwG5vFtgfk45XwBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2 Henry C. King, '''The History of the Telescope''' - page 91]</ref> || 60&nbsp;cm || 23.5″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Gregorian telescope|Gregorian]] || Worlds largest 1761 || [[Paris]], [[France]] || 1761
|-
| James Short's Gregorian reflector || 50&nbsp;cm || 19.5" || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Gregorian telescope|Gregorian]] || Worlds largest 1750 || [[Scotland]] || 1750
|-
| James Short's Gregorian reflector || 38&nbsp;cm || 14″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] - [[Gregorian telescope|Gregorian]] || Worlds largest 1734 || [[Scotland]] || 1734
|-
| Hadley's Reflector <ref> http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations//groundup/lesson/scopes/hadley/index.php </ref> || 15&nbsp;cm || 6″ || Metal || First parabolic newtonian || England (mobile) || 1721
|-
| Christiaan Huygens 210 foot refractor || 22&nbsp;cm || 8.5" || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] - [[Aerial telescope]] || Worlds largest 1686 || [[Netherlands]] || 1686
|-
| Christiaan Huygens 170 foot refractor || 20&nbsp;cm || 8" || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] - [[Aerial telescope]] || Worlds largest 1689 || [[Netherlands]] || 1686
|-
| Christiaan Huygens 210 foot refractor || 19&nbsp;cm || 7.5" || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] - [[Aerial telescope]] || Worlds largest 1686 || [[Netherlands]] || 1686
|-
| Hooke's reflector<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=KAWwzHlDVksC&pg=PA77&lpg=PA77&dq=Robert+Hooke%27s+gregorian+telescope+mirror+diameter&source=bl&ots=0GQUbgBX_7&sig=1AquCTFbUbPMsPqPAMQY5TtPgFs&hl=en&ei=IMbmSYDhJpixtgeou6nOBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10 Henry C. King, '''The History of the Telescope''' - page 77]</ref> || 18&nbsp;cm || 7″ || [[Reflecting telescope|Reflector]] || Worlds largest 16?? || [[Great Britain]] || 16??
|-
| [[Newton's Reflector]]<ref> http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations/groundup/lesson/scopes/newton/index.php </ref> <ref> Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Physics, Telescopes in History, Peter Bond </ref> ||3.3&nbsp;cm || 1.3″ || Metal || First reflecting telescope || England (mobile) || 1669
|-
| Hevelius refractor || 12&nbsp;cm || 4.7″ || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] || Worlds largest 1645 || [[Gdańsk]] (Danzig), [[Poland]] || 1645
|-
| Hevelius Scheiner's helioscope || 6&nbsp;cm || 2.3″ || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] || Worlds largest 1638 || [[Gdańsk]] (Danzig), [[Poland]] || 1638
|-
| Galileo's 1620 telescope || 3.8&nbsp;cm<ref>Note: Diameter of cardboard objective stop [http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/JHA../0034//0000369.000.html Dupré, S, '''Galileo's telescope and celestial light''', SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Journal for the History of Astronomy (ISSN 0021-8286), Vol. 34, Part 4, No. 117, p. 369 - 399 (2003)]</ref> || 1.5″ || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] || Worlds largest 1638 || [[Italy]] || 1638
|-
| Galileo's 1612 telescope || 2.6&nbsp;cm<ref>Note: Diameter of cardboard objective stop [http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/JHA../0034//0000369.000.html Dupré, S, '''Galileo's telescope and celestial light''', SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Journal for the History of Astronomy (ISSN 0021-8286), Vol. 34, Part 4, No. 117, p. 369 - 399 (2003)]</ref> || 1″ || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] || Worlds largest 1612 || [[Italy]] || 1612
|-
| Galileo's 1609 telescope || 1.5&nbsp;cm<ref>Note: Diameter of cardboard objective stop [http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/JHA../0034//0000369.000.html Dupré, S, '''Galileo's telescope and celestial light''', SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Journal for the History of Astronomy (ISSN 0021-8286), Vol. 34, Part 4, No. 117, p. 369 - 399 (2003)]</ref> || .62″ || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] || Worlds largest 1609 || [[Italy]] || 1609
|-
| Hans Lippershey's telescope || ?&nbsp;cm || .?″ || [[Refracting telescope|Refractor]] || Worlds first recorded telescope || [[Netherlands]] || 1608
|}


[[WP:SALAT]]

Latest revision as of 01:55, 23 March 2015

Table of optical telescope progression historically

[edit]

Chronological list of optical telescopes by historical significance, not overall size.

Name Aperture
m		 Aper.
in		 Objective Significance Site Built
Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) 8.4 m(2)
or 11.8 m		 464.5″ Reflector - Binocular, 2 Worlds largest 2007 Mount Graham International Observatory, Arizona 2007
Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) 10.4 m 410″ Reflector - Segmented,36 Worlds largest 2006 ORM, Canary Islands, Spain 2006
Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) ~10 m ~400″ Reflector - Segmented,91 Worlds largest 2005 Sutherland, Northern Cape 2005
Keck 1 10 m 400″ Reflector - Segmented,36 Worlds largest 1993 Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii 1993
Hubble (HST) 2.4 m 94″ Single Largest Visible-light space based telescope Low Earth orbit NASA+ESA 1990
BTA-6 6 m 238″ Reflector Worlds largest 1976 Zelenchukskaya, Caucasus 1976
McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope 1.61 m 63″ Single Largest solar telescope Kitt Peak National Obs., USA 1962
Hale Telescope (200 inch) 5.08 m 200″ Reflector Worlds largest 1948 Palomar Observatory, California 1948
Samuel Oschin telescope 1.22 m 48″ Schmidt Worlds largest Schmidt camera 1948 Palomar Observatory; California 1948
69-inch Perkins Telescope[1] 1.75 m 69″ Single Perkins Observatory, Ohio 1931-1964
Plaskett telescope [2] 1.83 m 72″ Single designed as worlds largest but beat by Hooker 100-Inch Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Canada 1918
Hooker 100-Inch Telescope 2.54 m 100″ Reflector Worlds largest 1917 Mt. Wilson Observatory; California 1917
Hale 60-Inch Telescope 1.524 m 60″ Single Mt. Wilson Observatory; California 1908
Harvard 60-inch Reflector [3] 1.524 m 60″ Single Harvard College Observatory, USA 1905-1931
George Ritchey 40-inch (1 m)[4] 102 cm 40″ R/C Flagstaff, Arizona (Washington, D.C. until 1955) 1934
Zeiss di Merate (1m reflector) 100 cm 39.4″ Single Kingdom of Italy Merate Obs., Merate, Italy 1926
Zeiss 1m reflector 100 cm 39.4″ Single Royal Obs., Uccle, Belgium
Hamburg Spiegelteleskop (1m reflector)[5][6] 100 cm 39.4″ Single Hamburg-Bergdorf Obs., Germany 1911
Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900 125 cm 49.21" refractor largest refractor ever built Exposition Universelle (1900) 1900
Yerkes Observatory 102 cm 40″ refractor largest operational refractor Lick Observatory, USA 1897
Crossley Reflector 91.4 cm 36″ glass - reflector First astrophotographic telescope[7] A.A. Common Reflector, Britain / Lick Observatory, USA 1879
Great Melbourne Telescope[8] 1.22 m 48″ Metal Melbourne Observatory, Australia 1878-1889
William Lassell 48-inch [9] 1.22 m 48″ Metal Malta 1861-1865
Leviathan of Parsonstown 1.83 m 72″ metal - reflector Worlds largest 1845 Birr Castle; Ireland 1845
William Lassell 24-inch [10] 61 cm 24″ metal - reflector Great Britain Liverpool, England 1845
Rosse 36-inch Telescope 91.4 cm 36″ metal - reflector Great Britain Birr Castle; Ireland 1826
Herschel 40-foot (126 cm d.)[11] 1.26 m 49.5″ Reflector - metal mirror Worlds largest 1789 Observatory House; England 1789-1815
Herschel 20-foot (47.5 cm d.) [12][13] 47.5 cm 18.5″ Metal Great Britain Observatory House; England 1782
Rev John Michell's Gregorian reflector[14] 75 cm 29.5″ Reflector - Gregorian Worlds largest 1780 Yorkshire, Great Britain 1780-1789
Father Noel's Gregorian reflector[15] 60 cm 23.5″ Reflector - Gregorian Worlds largest 1761 Paris, France 1761
James Short's Gregorian reflector 50 cm 19.5" Reflector - Gregorian Worlds largest 1750 Scotland 1750
James Short's Gregorian reflector 38 cm 14″ Reflector - Gregorian Worlds largest 1734 Scotland 1734
Hadley's Reflector [16] 15 cm 6″ Metal First parabolic newtonian England (mobile) 1721
Christiaan Huygens 210 foot refractor 22 cm 8.5" Refractor - Aerial telescope Worlds largest 1686 Netherlands 1686
Christiaan Huygens 170 foot refractor 20 cm 8" Refractor - Aerial telescope Worlds largest 1689 Netherlands 1686
Christiaan Huygens 210 foot refractor 19 cm 7.5" Refractor - Aerial telescope Worlds largest 1686 Netherlands 1686
Hooke's reflector[17] 18 cm 7″ Reflector Worlds largest 16?? Great Britain 16??
Newton's Reflector[18] [19] 3.3 cm 1.3″ Metal First reflecting telescope England (mobile) 1669
Hevelius refractor 12 cm 4.7″ Refractor Worlds largest 1645 Gdańsk (Danzig), Poland 1645
Hevelius Scheiner's helioscope 6 cm 2.3″ Refractor Worlds largest 1638 Gdańsk (Danzig), Poland 1638
Galileo's 1620 telescope 3.8 cm[20] 1.5″ Refractor Worlds largest 1638 Italy 1638
Galileo's 1612 telescope 2.6 cm[21] 1″ Refractor Worlds largest 1612 Italy 1612
Galileo's 1609 telescope 1.5 cm[22] .62″ Refractor Worlds largest 1609 Italy 1609
Hans Lippershey's telescope ? cm .?″ Refractor Worlds first recorded telescope Netherlands 1608


WP:SALAT

  1. ^ http://www.perkins-observatory.org/history.html
  2. ^ http://www.hia-iha.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/public/18_e.html
  3. ^ http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9A0CE3DC143AE733A25755C0A9629C946497D6CF New York Times "NEW HARVARD TELESCOPE.; Sixty-Inch Reflector, Biggest in the World, Being Set Up. "April 6, 1905, Thursday Page 9
  4. ^ http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=17931
  5. ^ http://www.hs.uni-hamburg.de/EN/Oef/Stw/1mspiegel/1mspiegel.html
  6. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1935Obs....58..208.
  7. ^ http://www.ucolick.org/public/telescopes/crossley.html
  8. ^ http://stjarnhimlen.se/bigtel/LargestTelescope.html
  9. ^ http://www.mikeoates.org/lassell/lassell_by_a_chapman.htm
  10. ^ http://www.mikeoates.org/lassell/telescope.htm
  11. ^ "Original mirror for William Herschel's 40 foot telescope, 1785". Science & Society Picture Library. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  12. ^ http://www.maa.clell.de/Messier/E/Xtra/Bios/wherschel.html
  13. ^ http://www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/gal111/universe/etu_a_herschel.htm
  14. ^ Henry C. King, The History of the Telescope - page 91
  15. ^ Henry C. King, The History of the Telescope - page 91
  16. ^ http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations//groundup/lesson/scopes/hadley/index.php
  17. ^ Henry C. King, The History of the Telescope - page 77
  18. ^ http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations/groundup/lesson/scopes/newton/index.php
  19. ^ Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Physics, Telescopes in History, Peter Bond
  20. ^ Note: Diameter of cardboard objective stop Dupré, S, Galileo's telescope and celestial light, SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Journal for the History of Astronomy (ISSN 0021-8286), Vol. 34, Part 4, No. 117, p. 369 - 399 (2003)
  21. ^ Note: Diameter of cardboard objective stop Dupré, S, Galileo's telescope and celestial light, SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Journal for the History of Astronomy (ISSN 0021-8286), Vol. 34, Part 4, No. 117, p. 369 - 399 (2003)
  22. ^ Note: Diameter of cardboard objective stop Dupré, S, Galileo's telescope and celestial light, SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Journal for the History of Astronomy (ISSN 0021-8286), Vol. 34, Part 4, No. 117, p. 369 - 399 (2003)
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