Biocompatible material: Difference between revisions
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In [[surgery]], a '''biocompatible material''' (sometimes shortened to '''biomaterial''') is a synthetic or natural material used to replace part of a living system or to function in intimate contact with living [[biological tissue|tissue]]. Biocompatible materials are intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment or replace any tissue, [[organ (anatomy)|organ]] or function of the body. Biomaterials are usually non-[[:wikt:viable|viable]], but may also be viable. |
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A biocompatible material is different from a biological material such as [[bone]] that is produced by a [[biological system]]. [[Artificial hip]]s, vascular [[stent]]s, [[artificial pacemaker]]s, and [[catheter]]s are all made from different biomaterials and comprise different [[medical devices]]. |
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[[Biomimetic]] materials are not made by living organisms but have compositions and properties similar to those made by living organisms. The calcium [[hydroxylapatite]] coating found on many artificial hips is used as a [[bone]] replacement that allows for easier attachment of the [[Implant (medicine)|implant]] to the [[Life|living]] [[bone]]. |
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[[Surface functionalization]] may provide a way to transform a bio-inert material into a [[biomimetic]] or even [[bioactive]] material by coupling of [[protein]] layers to the [[surface]], or coating the surface with self-assembling peptide scaffolds to lend [[bioactivity]] and/or cell attachment 3-D matrix. |
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Different approaches to functionalization of biomaterials exist. [[Plasma processing]] has been successfully applied to chemically inert materials like [[polymer]]s or [[silicon]] to graft various [[functional group]]s to the [[surface]] of the implant. [[Polyanhydrides]] are polymers successfully used as a drug delivery materials. |
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Care should be exercised in defining a biomaterial as biocompatible, since it is application specific. A biomaterial that is biocompatible or suitable for one application may not be biocompatible in another. |
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==See also== |
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* [[Biocompatibility]] |
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* [[Biocompatible]] |
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* [[Bioengineering]] |
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* [[Biofunctionalisation]] |
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* [[European Society for Biomaterials]] |
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* [[Polyanhydrides]] |
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* [[Synthetic biology]] |
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* [[Synthetic biodegradable polymer]] |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.cooksis.com COOK Medical Biomaterials | SIS Technology] |
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* [http://www.biomaterials.org Society for Biomaterials] |
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[[Category:Materials]] |
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[[Category:Biological engineering]] |
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[[Category:Surgery]] |
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[[Category:Biomaterials]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:42, 29 February 2016
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