Mechanosensitive ion channel: Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT [[Mechanosensitive channels]] {{R from merge}} |
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Mechanosensitive (MS) channels provide protection against hypo-osmotic shock, responding both to stretching of the cell membrane and to membrane depolarisation. They are present in the membranes of organisms from the three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Pivetti CD, Yen MR, Miller S, ''et al'' |title=Two families of mechanosensitive channel proteins |journal=Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=66-85, table of contents |year=2003 |pmid=12626684 |doi=}}</ref> |
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There are two families of MS channels: [[Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel, MscL]] and small-conductance MS channels (MscS or YGGB). The pressure threshold for MscS opening is 50% that of MscL.<ref name="Bass">{{cite journal |author=Bass RB, Strop P, Barclay M, Rees DC |title=Crystal structure of Escherichia coli MscS, a voltage-modulated and mechanosensitive channel |journal=Science |volume=298 |issue=5598 |pages=1582-7 |year=2002 |pmid=12446901 |doi=10.1126/science.1077945}}</ref> |
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The MscS family is much larger and more variable in size and sequence than the MscL family. Much of the diversity in MscS proteins occurs in the size of the transmembrane regions, which ranges from three to eleven transmembrane helices, although the three C-terminal helices are conserved. |
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MscS folds as a homo-heptamer with a cylindrical shape, and can be divided into transmembrane and extramembrane regions: an N-terminal periplasmic region, a transmembrane region, and a C-terminal cytoplasmic region (middle and C-terminal domains). The transmembrane region forms a channel through the membrane that opens into a chamber enclosed by the extramembrane portion, the latter connecting to the cytoplasm through distinct portals.<ref name="Bass"> </ref> |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.sanger.ac.uk//cgi-bin/Pfam/getacc?PF00924 Mechanosensitive ion channel family in Pfam] |
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* {{UMichOPM|protein|pdbid|2oau}} |
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[[Category:Transmembrane proteins]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:45, 18 August 2016
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