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Herod II

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+#REDIRECT [[Herod II]]
-{{confuse|Herod Philip II}}
-'''Herod II''' (ca. 27 BC - 33 AD)<ref>Kokkinos, The Herodian Dynasty, p. 237</ref> was the son of [[Herod the Great]] and [[Mariamne (third wife of Herod)|Mariamne II]], the daughter of [[Boethusians|Simon Boethus]] the [[Kohen Gadol|High Priest]] (Mark 6:17). For a brief period he was his father's [[heir]].
+{{Redirect category shell|1=
-Herod was the first husband of [[Herodias]], and because the [[Gospel of Mark]] states that Herodias was married to Philip, some scholars have argued that his name was actually Herod Philip. Many scholars dispute this, however, and believe the Gospel writer was in error, a suggestion supported by the fact that the later [[Gospel of Luke]] drops the name Philip.<ref>Harold W. Hoehner, ''Herod Antipas: A Contemporary of Jesus Chris''t (Zondervan, 1983), page 132 - 134.</ref><ref>see also, for example, E. Mary Smallwood, "Behind the New Testament", ''Greece & Rome'', Second Series, Vol. 17, No. 1 (Apr., 1970), pp. 81-99
+{{R from alternate title}}
-[http://www.jstor.org/stable/642331]</ref> Because he was the grandson of the high priest Simon Boethus he is sometimes described as Herod Boethus, but there is no evidence he was actually called this.<ref>Florence Morgan Gillman, ''Herodias: at home in that fox's den'' (Liturgical Press, 2003) page 16.</ref>
+}}
-==Life and marriage==
-Herod the Great's execution of his [[Hasmonean]] sons, Alexander and [[Aristobulus IV]] in 7 BC, left the latter's daughter Herodias [[orphan]]ed and a minor.  Herod engaged her to Herod II Boethus, her half-uncle, and her connection to the Hasmonean bloodline supported her new husband's right to succeed his father.
-As [[Josephus]] reports in ''[[Jewish Antiquities]]'' (Book XVIII, Chapter 5, 4):<blockquote>Herodias, [...], was married to Herod, the son of Herod the Great by [[Mariamne (third wife of Herod)|Mariamne II]], the daughter of Simon the High Priest.  [Herod II and Herodias] had a daughter, Salome...<ref name="gutenberg.org">[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/2848 W. Whiston translation at Project Gutenberg]</ref></blockquote>
-This marriage led to opposition to the marriage from [[Antipater III]], Herod the Great's eldest son, and so Herod demoted Herod II Boethus to second in line to the succession.  Antipater's execution in 4 BC for plotting to poison his father seemed to leave Herod II Boethus, now Herod I's eldest surviving son, as first in line, but his mother's knowledge of the poison plot, and failure to stop it, led to his being dropped from this position in Herod I's will just days before he died.
-==Divorce==
-Herodias later married Herod Boethus's half-brother, [[Herod Antipas]]. According to [[Josephus]]:
-<blockquote>Herodias took upon her to confound the laws of our country, and divorced herself from her husband while he was alive, and was married to Herod Antipas<ref name="gutenberg.org"/></blockquote>
-According to the [[Gospel of Matthew]]<ref>Matthew 14:3-5</ref> and the [[Gospel of Luke]],<ref>Luke 3:18-20</ref> it was this proposed marriage that [[John the Baptist]] opposed. The Gospel of Matthew indicates that John was executed because he criticized this marriage<ref>Matt 14:3-12</ref>. Josephus does not say this but the two events, the marriage and the execution — and the resulting war with [[Aretas IV Philopatris]],  [[Rulers of Nabatea|King of the Nabataeans]]<ref>(Josephus, Antiquities 18:116-119)</ref> — may be linked.
-Herod had lived in [[Rome]] with Herodias as a private citizen<ref>Merrill Chapin Tenney, Walter M. Dunnett, 'New Testament Survey', Pub. by Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1985)</ref> and therefore survived his father's deathbed purges. [[Herod Antipas]] and his other remaining half-brothers shared [[Iudaea Province|Judaea]] out amongst them.
-==Notes==
-{{reflist|2}}
-==References==
-*{{cite book |last=Kokkinos|first=Nikkos |title=The Herodian Dynasty: Origins, Role in Society and Eclipse|series=Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Supplement Series |year=1998 |publisher=Sheffield Academic Press |location=Sheffield |isbn=1-85075-690-2 |pages=236–240}}
-==External links==
-* [http://virtualreligion.net/iho/herod2.html Herod Dynasty Family Tree]
-[[Category:Herodian dynasty]]
-[[Category:27 BC births]]
-[[Category:33 deaths]]
-[[Category:1st-century people]]
-[[Category:Roman client rulers]]
-[[be:Ірад Філіп I]]
-[[ca:Herodes Filip I]]
-[[de:Herodes Boethos]]
-[[fr:Hérode Philippe Ier]]
-[[nl:Herodes Filippus]]
-[[pl:Herod III]]