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Assistant Medical Officers are health care providers in countries like [[Tanzania]] and [[Malaysia]]. They work independently or with limited supervision of a physician to provide healthcare services to largely underserved populations.<ref>Mullan F, Frehywot S. "Non-physician clinicians in 47 sub-Saharan African countries." ''Lancet'', 2007; 370:2158–63.</ref> |
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They are also called "[[surgical technologist]]s" (or ''técnico de cirurgia'') in [[Mozambique]],<ref name="PLOS">Kruk ME et al. "Human resource and funding constraints for essential surgery in district hospitals in Africa: a retrospective cross-sectional survey." ''PLoS Medicine'', 2010; 7(3): e1000242. {{doi|10.1371/journal.pmed.1000242}}</ref> [[clinical associates]] in South Africa,<ref>SouthAfrica.info. ''Mid-level health professionals for South Africa'' http://www.southafrica.info/about/health/clinical-associates.htm, accessed 15 March 2011</ref> or "assistant medical practitioner" (AMP, formerly "native medical practitioner" or NMP) in [[Fiji]].<ref>[http://www.125fsm.ac.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=60&Itemid=61 Fiji School of Medicine]</ref> They are grouped under "medical assistant practitioners" in the [[International Standard Classification of Occupations]], 2008 revision.<ref>World Health Organization. ''Classifying health workers''. Geneva, WHO, 2010.</ref> Assistant Medical Officer will be celebrated for the day of medical assistant on 10 March every year in all countries. {{citation needed|date= July 2012}} |
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==Training and practice== |
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===Tanzania=== |
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Qualified [[clinical officer]]s with working experience of more than three years and who pass a government entrance examination undergo a further two-year training program to become Assistant Medical Officers. They can then enroll in another two-year program to specialise in [[anaesthesia]], [[paediatrics]], [[radiology]] or [[surgery]]. |
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The Assistant Medical Officers program, which combines theory and clinical training, is offered at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre<ref>[http://www.kcmc.ac.tz/Amo.htm Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre], Tanzania.</ref> and Ifakara Training Centre for International Health.<ref>[http://www.healthtrainingifakara.org/index.php?id=82 Ifakara Training Centre for International Health], Tanzania.</ref>, Assistant medical officers training centers in Mbeya (located near Mbeya referral Hospital),Tanga (located near Bombo Regional referral Hospital) and Bugando-Mwanza(located near Bugando referral Hospital),Lugalo Military school in Dar es salaam, and a new school opened in Arusha -Selian medical center. |
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Assistant Medical Officers perform routine and emergency surgery including 80 percent of [[Caesarean section]]s done in Tanzania.<ref name="PLOS"/> |
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===Malaysia=== |
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Assistant Medical Officers complete a three and half year Diploma in Medical Assistant (DMA) undergraduate program recognized by the [[Malaysian Qualifications Agency]]. The DMA students study the human body; how the systems, e.g. cardiovascular and respiratory systems, medical and surgical study, pharmacology, work in normal and diseased states and how they relate to medicine. They also learn pre-hospital care, community health, disaster management, orthopedics, obstetrics and gynecology and surgery. The final year of training involves clinical placement in hospitals and [[clinic|health clinics]]. |
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Government colleges that offer the Diploma in Medical Assistant program are: |
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*College of Medical Assistant, Seremban |
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*College of Medical Assistant, Alor Setar |
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*Allied Health Science College Ulu Kinta, Ipoh |
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*Allied Health Science College, Kuching |
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*Allied Health Science College, Kota Kinabalu |
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These are under the health ministry's training department.<ref>[http://latihan.moh.gov.my Malaysia Health Ministry Training Department]</ref> Private colleges include: |
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*''Kolej Islam Sains & Teknologi''<ref>[http://www.kist.edu.my Kolej Islam Sains & Teknologi]</ref> |
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*''Management and Science University''<ref>[http://www.msu.edu.my Management and Science University]</ref> |
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*''Kolej Universiti ShahPutra''<ref>[http://www.kolejshahputra.edu.my Kolej Universiti ShahPutra]</ref> |
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DMA graduates register with the Medical Assistant Council (''Lembaga Pembantu Perubatan'')<ref>[http://medicalprac.moh.gov.my/v2/ Malaysia Health Ministry Medical Assistant Council]</ref> before being appointed into service. |
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Assistant Medical Officers diagnose and treat common ailments, order and interpret tests, counsel on preventive health care, assist in surgery, manage medical/surgical emergencies, manage medical/surgical ward, manage obstetrics & gynecology and write prescriptions. |
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They often work in places with no medical officers. |
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==See also== |
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*[[HRHIS|Human resources for health information system]] in Tanzania |
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*[[Allied health professions]] |
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*[[Clinical associates]], a similar category of health care provider in South Africa |
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*[[Physician assistant]], a similar category of health care provider in the United States and elsewhere |
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*[[Feldsher]], a similar category of health care provider in Russia and elsewhere |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.kcmc.ac.tz/Amo.htm Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre], Tanzania |
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*[http://www.healthtrainingifakara.org/amos.html Ifakara Health Training], Tanzania |
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*[http://www.fsm.ac.fj/aboutfsm.html# Fiji School of Medicine] |
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*[http://www.msu.edu.my/v6/index.php Management and Science University], Malaysia |
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[[Category:Healthcare occupations]] |
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[[Category:Health in Tanzania]] |
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Latest revision as of 14:30, 3 August 2019
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