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The Grand-Place (former spelling: Grand'Place) is the main square of the historical centre of the Belgian city of Mons.

The Grand-Place, which is very spacious and similar to other town squares in Flanders, is located next to the pedestrian shopping street and the belfry. The edges of the square are accessible by car, but it is forbidden to park or to drive through the centre. Each year, on Trinity Sunday, it is the stage of the fight called Lumeçon, a fight between Saint Georges and a dragon.^[1]

The Grand-Place is cobbled in the style of old cities and is home to many cafes, restaurants, as well as a chapel and the City Hall that dominates the squar with its huge structure, stature, construction (emblematic presence). The City Hall, as well as the theatre, respond to its historical traditions, like a master plan to follow. We can also admire a wrought iron statuette that was inserted into the Town Hall's facade at an unknown date. It represents a monkey,^[2] that has so often been stroked by the inhabitant of Mons and tourists from all over the world that its skull is polished.

History

Executions of criminals have taken place on the Grand-Place of Mons. In 1791, before their sentences were carried out,^[3] Alexandre Buisseret and Félix-François Gérin (two accomplices of the robber Moneuse) were exhibited respectively for six and two hours. They were fastened to a post placed on a scaffold, in view of the population. A sign in large letters over their heads displayed their names, their professions, their address, the reason of their condemnation and the judgment given against them.

On Friday, 5 June 1807, the guillotine was erected in the lower part of the Grand-Place, near the Rue d'Havré, for the execution of eight convicted persons, la bande à Boulanger. Those were hooded and were brought by cart. The younger convicts were guillotined first and the leader of the gang, Jean-Joseph Boulanger, last.^[4] Mons was at that time under Napoleon's regime.

On 16 June 1846, Euphrasie Deroux was executed there for infanticide of her two-year-old daughter.^[5] Originally from Montignies-lez-Lens, she was the last woman to be guillotined in Belgium.^[6]

On 19 July 1851, Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé was also executed. He had been condemned for having poisoned his brother-in-law with nicotine.^[7]^[8]

The monkey

Several centuries old, the exact origin of the presence of this monkey hanging next to the porch, on the facade of the Town Halll, is unknown. There are 3 theories: the masterpiece of a blacksmith, the sign of a small café,^[9] or a pillory for "unruly" children. The only sure thing is that it has become the lucky charm of the city of Mons, if we stroke his skull of the left hand. A legend that has been fabricated entirely by Paul Heupgen in 1930^[10].

The Lumeçon

Once a year, on Trinity Sunday, the Lumeçon takes place on the Grand-Place. It is a tradition^[11] going back to the Middle Ages, when the confraternity of Saint George was expected to participate in the procession and to relate the life of their patron saint. The most emblematic episode is his fight against the dragon and that was performed as a holy mystery within the procession itself. Having become popular and noisy, disturbing the order required for the procession, the confraternity was excluded from the route and had to go into exile on the square to perform the fight, which still explains the spatio-temporal difference between the two events. The confraternity would be reintegrated into the procession during the second part of the 20th century. This tradition gathers the adults, as well as the children, who enjoy a copy adapted to their age on the Sunday of the Feast of Corpus Christi, when they grab the horsehair placed at the end of the dragon's tail. Tradition regards this as a sign of good luck. The word "Lumeçon" derives from "limaçon" (snail): the participants of the fight spin in opposite directions, giving the visual effect of a snail shell. The current word shows change of time and popular practice.

Gallery

Grand-Place
	La Grand-Place de Mons
Type	rectangular
Location	Mons, Hainaut
Coordinates	lat : 50.454688 long: 3.952235

The Town Hall, and behind it on the left, is the belfry
The fountain
The fall fair
At the end of the Grand-Place, the beginning of the rue de Nimy and the Sainte-Elisabeth church
General view
Some renovated facades
The house known as the Blanc Lévrier
The former Saint-Georges chapel
The house known of the Toison d'Or
The former Hotel of the Crown
The Town Hall
The royal Theatre

Notes and references

MHAN2016

^ http://www.doudou.mons.be/ducasse-rituelle/combat-dit-lumecon
^ "Singe du Grand Garde".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "Moneuse. Le procès".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Declercq, Jacques. "Petites notes d'Histoire Locale".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ http://www.montignies-lez-lens.be/index.php/en/35-a-la-une/155-le-saviez-vous-d-2
^ http://www.lesoir.be/archive/recup/-amorce-ces-enfants-qui-deviennent-des-mobiles-de-crime_t-20100809-010LW3.html
^ http://www.visart.be/grands_dossier_criminels.htm
^ http://plus.lesoir.be/171978/article/2018-08-08/histoire-dassises-de-1851-le-roi-refusa-sa-grace-au-comte-visart-de-bocarme
^ http://www.dhnet.be/archive/et-le-petit-singe-la-dedans-51b7e2d9e4b0de6db9944739
^ http://www.visitmons.be/decouvrir/mons-superstars/le-singe-du-grand-garde
^ http://www.doudou.mons.be/

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 |type        =rectangular
 |country     =Belgium
-|location    =Mons / Hainaut
+|location    =Mons, Hainaut
 }}
-= Grand-Place de Mons =
 The '''Grand-Place''' (former spelling: ''Grand'Place'') is the main square of the historical centre of the [[:fr:Liste_des_villes_de_Belgique|Belgian city]] of [[Mons]].
-The Grand-Place, which is very spacious and similar to others Grand-Places in [[Flanders]], is located next to the [[Pedestrian zone|pedestrian]] shopping street and the  belfry. The outskirts of the place is accessible by car, but it is forbidden to park or to drive through the centre. Each year, during the Trinity Sunday, it is the stage of the fight called ''[[Ducasse de Mons|Lumeçon]]'', a fight between [[Saint George|Saint Georges]] and a [[dragon]]<ref>http://www.doudou.mons.be/ducasse-rituelle/combat-dit-lumecon</ref>.
+The Grand-Place, which is very spacious and similar to other town squares in [[Flanders]], is located next to the [[Pedestrian zone|pedestrian]] shopping street and the belfry. The edges of the square are accessible by car, but it is forbidden to park or to drive through the centre. Each year, on Trinity Sunday, it is the stage of the fight called ''[[Ducasse de Mons|Lumeçon]]'', a fight between [[Saint George|Saint Georges]] and a [[dragon]].<ref>http://www.doudou.mons.be/ducasse-rituelle/combat-dit-lumecon</ref>
-The Grand-Place is paved in the style of the old cities and is home to many cafes '''(cafes or bars?)''', restaurants, as well as the chapel and the [[Town hall|Town Hall]] '''/City hall''' that dominates the place with its huge structure, stature, construction (emblematic presence). It responds to its historical traditions, like a master plan to follow, '''the Town Hall (city hall?) as well as the theatre'''. We can also admire a statuette of wrought iron that was inserted into the Town Hall's facade at an unknown date. It represents a monkey<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mons.be/vivre-a-mons/mons-et-son-histoire/patrimoine/patrimoine-civil/singe-du-grand-garde|title=Singe du Grand Garde|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> that is so much stroken by the inhabitant of Mons and tourists from all over the world that its skull is polished. <br />
+The Grand-Place is cobbled in the style of old cities and is home to many cafes, restaurants, as well as a chapel and the [[Town hall|City Hall]] that dominates the squar with its huge structure, stature, construction (emblematic presence). The City Hall, as well as the theatre, respond to its historical traditions, like a master plan to follow.<!-- I don't understand this sentence --> We can also admire a wrought iron statuette that was inserted into the Town Hall's facade at an unknown date. It represents a monkey,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mons.be/vivre-a-mons/mons-et-son-histoire/patrimoine/patrimoine-civil/singe-du-grand-garde|title=Singe du Grand Garde|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> that has so often been stroked by the inhabitant of Mons and tourists from all over the world that its skull is polished.
+== History ==
+Executions of criminals have taken place on the Grand-Place of Mons. In 1791, before their sentences were carried out,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://users.skynet.be/sky71622/Moneuse3.html|title=Moneuse. Le procès|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> Alexandre Buisseret and Félix-François Gérin (two accomplices of the robber [[:fr:Antoine-Joseph_Moneuse|Moneuse]]) were exhibited respectively for six and two hours. They were fastened to a post placed on a scaffold, in view of the population. A sign in large letters over their heads displayed their names, their professions, their address, the reason of their condemnation and the judgment given against them.
+On Friday, 5 June 1807, the guillotine was erected in the lower part of the Grand-Place, near the Rue d'Havré, for the execution of eight convicted persons, [[Chauffeur (criminal)|la bande à Boulanger]]. Those were hooded and were brought by cart. The younger convicts were guillotined first and the leader of the gang, Jean-Joseph Boulanger, last.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gen.declercq.free.fr/Histoire%20Locale/8%20NISOLLES%20ET%20COMPAGNIE.htm|title=Petites notes d'Histoire Locale|last=Declercq|first=Jacques|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> Mons was at that time under [[Napoleon|Napoleon's regime]].
-= History =
-It was on the Grand-Place of Mons that some '''(of the condemnations of)''' criminals were executed.
+On 16 June 1846, [[:fr:Euphrasie_Deroux|Euphrasie Deroux]] was executed there for infanticide of her two-year-old daughter.<ref>http://www.montignies-lez-lens.be/index.php/en/35-a-la-une/155-le-saviez-vous-d-2</ref> Originally from [[:fr:Montignies-lez-Lens|Montignies-lez-Lens]], she was the last woman to be guillotined in Belgium.<ref>http://www.lesoir.be/archive/recup/-amorce-ces-enfants-qui-deviennent-des-mobiles-de-crime_t-20100809-010LW3.html</ref>
-In 1791, before the execution of their sentences<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://users.skynet.be/sky71622/Moneuse3.html|title=Moneuse. Le procès|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>, Alexandre Buisseret and Félix-François Gérin (two accomplices of the robber [[:fr:Antoine-Joseph_Moneuse|Moneuse]]  '''/who were ...''') were exhibited respectively for six and two hours. They were fastened to a post placed on a scaffold, in view of the population. Above their head, on a sign, were written in big letters, their names, their professions, their address, the reason of their condemnation and the judgment given against them. '''(either were written in big letters : their names, ..... or ... on a sign, their names, their professions, ... were written in big....??)'''
+On 19 July 1851, [[Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé]] was also executed. He had been condemned for having poisoned his brother-in-law with nicotine.<ref>http://www.visart.be/grands_dossier_criminels.htm</ref><ref>http://plus.lesoir.be/171978/article/2018-08-08/histoire-dassises-de-1851-le-roi-refusa-sa-grace-au-comte-visart-de-bocarme</ref>
-On Friday the 5th of June 1807, the guillotine was dressed in the lower part of the place of Mons, near the rue d'Havré to proceed to the execution of eight convicted persons, [[Chauffeur (criminal)|la bande à Boulanger]]. Those were hooded and were brought by cart. The younger convicts were decapitated first and the leader of the gang, Jean-Joseph Boulanger, last<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gen.declercq.free.fr/Histoire%20Locale/8%20NISOLLES%20ET%20COMPAGNIE.htm|title=Petites notes d'Histoire Locale|last=Declercq|first=Jacques|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>. Mons was at that time under [[Napoleon|Napoleon's regime]].
+== The monkey ==
-On the 16th of June 1846, [[:fr:Euphrasie_Deroux|Euphrasie Deroux]] was executed there for infanticidal on her two-year's daughter<ref>http://www.montignies-lez-lens.be/index.php/en/35-a-la-une/155-le-saviez-vous-d-2</ref>. Originally from [[:fr:Montignies-lez-Lens|Montignies-lez-Lens]], she was the last woman of Belgium to be guillotined<ref>http://www.lesoir.be/archive/recup/-amorce-ces-enfants-qui-deviennent-des-mobiles-de-crime_t-20100809-010LW3.html</ref>.
+Several centuries old, the exact origin of the presence of this monkey hanging next to the porch, on the facade of the Town Halll, is unknown. There are 3 theories: the masterpiece of a blacksmith, the sign of a small café,<ref>http://www.dhnet.be/archive/et-le-petit-singe-la-dedans-51b7e2d9e4b0de6db9944739</ref> or a  pillory for "unruly" children. The only sure thing is that it has become the lucky charm of the city of Mons, if we stroke his skull of the left hand. A legend that has been fabricated entirely by [[:fr:Paul_Heupgen|Paul Heupgen]] in 1930<ref>http://www.visitmons.be/decouvrir/mons-superstars/le-singe-du-grand-garde</ref>.
+== The ''Lumeçon'' ==
-On the 19th of July 1851, [[Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé]] was also executed, he had been condemned to have poisoned his brother-in-law with nicotine<ref>http://www.visart.be/grands_dossier_criminels.htm</ref><ref>http://plus.lesoir.be/171978/article/2018-08-08/histoire-dassises-de-1851-le-roi-refusa-sa-grace-au-comte-visart-de-bocarme</ref>.<br />
+Once a year, on Trinity Sunday, the [[Ducasse de Mons|Lumeçon]] takes place on the Grand-Place. It is a tradition<ref>http://www.doudou.mons.be/</ref> going back to the Middle Ages, when the confraternity of Saint George was expected to participate in the procession and to relate the life of their patron saint. The most emblematic episode is his fight against the dragon and that was performed as a holy mystery within the procession itself. Having become popular and noisy, disturbing the order required for the procession, the confraternity was excluded from the route and had to go into exile on the square to perform the fight, which still explains the spatio-temporal difference between the two events. The confraternity would be reintegrated into the procession during the second part of the 20th century. This tradition gathers the adults, as well as the children, who enjoy a copy adapted to their age on the Sunday of the Feast of Corpus Christi, when they grab the horsehair placed at the end of the dragon's tail. Tradition regards this as a sign of good luck. The word "Lumeçon" derives from "limaçon" (snail): the participants of the fight spin in opposite directions, giving the visual effect of a snail shell. The current word shows change of time and popular practice.
-= The monkey =
-Ancient of several centuries, the exact origin of the presence of this monkey hanging next to the porch, on the facade of the Town Halll, is unknown. There are 3 theories: the masterpiece of a blacksmith, the sign of a small café<ref>http://www.dhnet.be/archive/et-le-petit-singe-la-dedans-51b7e2d9e4b0de6db9944739</ref> or a  pillory for "unruly" children. The only thing that is certain '''/the only sure thing''' is that it has become the lucky charm of the city of Mons, if we stroke his skull of the left hand. A legend that has been fabricated entirely by [[:fr:Paul_Heupgen|Paul Heupgen]] in 1930<ref>http://www.visitmons.be/decouvrir/mons-superstars/le-singe-du-grand-garde</ref>.
-= ''The Lumeçon'' =
-Once a year, on Trinity Sunday, the [[Ducasse de Mons|"Lumeçon"]] takes place on the Grand-Place. It's '''/It is''' a tradition<ref>http://www.doudou.mons.be/</ref> because during the Middle Ages, the friary of Saint-Georges had for mission to participate to the procession and to relate the life of its patron saint '''/saint patron's life'''. The most emblematic episode is the fight that he did against the dragon and that was interpreted as a holy mystery within the procession itself. Having become popular and noisy, disturbing the order required for the procession, the friary was out of the tour and had to go into exile in the place to interpret the fight, which still explains the spatio-temporal difference between the two events. The friary would be reintegrated in the procession during the second part of the 20th century. This tradition gather the adults, as well as the children, who enjoy a copy adapted to their age on the Sunday of the Feast of Corpus Christi, when they grab the horsehair placed at the end of the dragon's tail. This is a sign of good lucky charm attributed by the tradition. The word "Lumeçon" comes from "snail": the participants of the fight spin in the wrong /opposite direction, that gives a graphic effect of a snail shell. The current word is a derivative of the ages and the popular practice.
 = Gallery =

User:Didile04/sandbox: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:41, 7 May 2020

History

The monkey

The Lumeçon

Gallery

Notes and references

See also

External links

Bibliography