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{{Infobox galaxy |
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| name = Hen 2-10 |
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| image = [[image:Henize 2-10 (Chandra & Hubble).jpg|300px]] |
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| caption = A composite image of Hen 2-10. Visual data comes from [[Hubble]], X-ray data comes from the [[Chandra X-Ray Observatory]], and radio data comes from the [[Very Large Array]]. |
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| credit = |
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| epoch = J2000 |
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| pronounce = |
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| constellation name = [[Pyxis]] |
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| ra = {{RA|08|36|15}} <ref name="NED">{{cite web|url=http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/nph-objsearch?objname=HE+2-10&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES|title=NED entry for HE 2-10|accessdate=1 June 2011}}</ref> |
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| dec = {{DEC|-26|24|34}}<ref name="NED"/> |
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| z = 0.002912<ref name="NED"/> |
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| h_radial_v = 873 km/s<ref name="NED"/> |
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| gal_v = 657 km/s<ref name="NED"/> |
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| dist_ly = 34.24 [[light-year|Mly]]<ref name="NED"/> |
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| group_cluster = |
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| type = [[Dwarf galaxy|dwarf]] |
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| mass = ~1{{e|10}}<ref name="Amy et al 2016">{{cite journal |
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|last=Reines |first=Amy E. |
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|last2=Reynolds |first2=Mark T. |
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|last3=Miller |first3=Jon M. |
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|last4=Sivakoff| first4=Gregory R. |
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|last5=Greene |first5=Jenny E. |
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|last6=Hickox |first6=Ryan C. |
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|last7=Johnson |first7=Kelsey E. |
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|year=2016 |
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|title=Deep Chandra Observations of the Compact Starburst Galaxy Henize 2-10: X-rays from the Massive Black Hole |
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|url= |
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|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters, |
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|volume=830 |
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|pages= |
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|arxiv=1610.01598 |
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|doi = |
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10.3847/2041-8205/830/2/L35 |
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|via=}}</ref> |
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| stars = |
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| appmag_v = 11.09 (R Band)<ref name="NED"/> |
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| size_v = 1.8'<ref name="NED"/> |
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| notes = |
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| names = ESO 495-21, [[Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies|MCG]]-04-21-005, [[Principal Galaxies Catalogue|PGC]] 24171/24175 <ref name="NED"/> |
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}} |
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'''Hen 2-10''', also known as '''He 2-10''' and '''Henize 2-10''', is a [[dwarf galaxy]] located 34 million light years away in the constellation of [[Pyxis (constellation)|Pyxis]].<ref name="NED"/> It is the first dwarf galaxy discovered that contains, at its center, a [[supermassive black hole]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/01/110110-dwarf-galaxy-black-holes-universe-science-space/|title=Huge Black Hole Found in Dwarf Galaxy|last=Kaufman|first=Rachel|date=10 January 2011|work=[[National Geographic Society|National Geographic]]|accessdate=1 June 2011}}</ref> This discovery was surprising since the black hole was about one quarter of the size of the black hole at the center of the [[Milky Way Galaxy]], despite the fact that the galaxy is roughly one thousandth the size of the Milky Way. This discovery suggests that the black holes found at the center of most large galaxies may have formed before the galaxies themselves.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/01/dwarf-galaxy-black-hole/|title=Baby Galaxy Hosts Monster Black Hole |last=Grossman|first=Lisa|date=10 January 2011|work=[[Wired News]]|accessdate=3 July 2011}}</ref> Recent estimates have placed the mass of this black hole around {{Solar mass|3{{e|6}}|link=y}}, and the mass of the entire dwarf galaxy at about {{Solar mass|1{{e|10}}}}.<ref name="Amy et al 2016"/> |
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== History == |
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The earliest identification of Hen 2-10 is from an unpublished paper by [[Rudolph Minkowski]] who discovered it while looking for planetary nebulae.The galaxy's strong [[Hα]] emission lines mean that it appeared similarly to a planetary nebula when its spectral lines were observed. [[Karl Henize]] would later include the galaxy in his catalog of planetary nebulae, giving it the designation 2-10.<ref name="Henize">{{cite journal|last1=Henize|first1=Karl|title=Observations of Southern Planetary Nebulae|journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement|date=April 1967|volume=14|pages=127-128|doi=10.1086/190151|accessdate=March 5, 2017}}</ref> |
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Recently, observations of Hen 2-10 have indicated that the center of the galaxy harbors a strong source of radio and x-ray waves. [Cite] However it was not until 2011 when a team of researchers indicated that the source strengths are too strong for supernova remnants and pulsars resepctively, but do align with known data for black holes.[Cite] This original paper postulated the mass of the black hole to be ~{{Solar mass|1{{e|6}}}}, but a newer paper led by the same team has refined the estimate to {{Solar mass|3{{e|6}}}}.<ref name = "Amy et al 2016"/> |
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== Structure == |
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===Central black hole=== |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Sky|08|36|15|-|26|24|34|34240000}} |
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{{Galaxy}} |
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[[Category:PGC objects|24171]]] |
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[[Category:Dwarf galaxies]] |
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[[Category:Pyxis (constellation)]] |
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