Italian migration to Honduras: Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT [[Demographics_of_Honduras#Other_ethnicities]] |
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The immigration of Italian citizens to the [[Honduras|Republic of Honduras]] was made for different reasons, being an important phenomenon that took place after the discovery of America and that developed between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries with greater boom. Italian immigration to Honduras brought various surnames to this country, as well as a notable influence on culture, architecture, and the arts. |
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According to history, the navigator Christopher Columbus (originally from Genoa, Italy) was the discoverer of Honduras in 1502 and of the New World for the [[Monarchy of Spain|Spanish Monarchy]], in the opposite direction to the adventurer and merchant also Italian Marco Polo. From the 16th century on, many Italian nationals went to sea as sailors, then merchants, and then settlers from the American lands. |
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== Century XVIII == |
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During this century, the arrival of the adventurer Juan Bautista Morazzani was recorded, when he arrived in America between the years 1760 to 1762, Morazzani of Corsican origin (Corcega Island, Italy) brought him the American gold rush, settling in San José de Yuscarán, there he was married three times and had nine children. * His first wife was Gertrudis Alemán, his children were: Eusebio, José Inés, Juan Miguel and Benito Morazán Alemán. -Eusebio Morazán Alemán, was the father of José Francisco Morazán Quezada. * His second nuptials were with María Luisa Espinar with whom he procreated José Bernardo Morazán Espinar. * In third nuptials he did it with María Manuela del Castillo with whom he procreated Juan Nepomuceno, Rita, María Concepción and Jacinto Morazán Castillo. This descent can be reflected up to the present time in the Honduran and foreign national territory. |
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== XIX century == |
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In this century, the Lieutenant Colonel of Italian origin Feliciano Viviani, appears within the ranks of the Allied Army Protector of the Central American Law, under the command of José Francisco Morazán Quezada. Viviani died at the Battle of Omoa in 1832. |
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In 1853, the European traveler of English nationality Mary Lester, arrived in [[Comayagua]] and records that in Honduras there are several foreign families residing, she also adds that in the south of the country, in Nacaome, Aramecina and Langue there are Italian immigrants who manage the businesses of hostelry, inns and housing.<ref>Lester, Mary. Un viaje por Honduras, segunda edición EDUCA, San José Costa Rica, 1982</ref><ref>Oyuela, Leticia de. Esplendor y miseria de la minería en Honduras, página 144.</ref> |
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In 1857, the adventurer William Wells, during his visit to southern Honduras, records that the [[Amapala]] Casa Dárdano & Moller Company is owned by the Italian immigrant Carlos Dárdano.<ref>Wells, William. Exploraciones y aventuras en Honduras 1857, Teguciglpa, 1979, Prólogo III.</ref> |
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The architect and sculptor Francisco Durini Vassalli emigrated to [[Central America]] around the year 1879, following his father Giovanni Durini, who was associated with his brother Lorenzo Durini. |
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In 1880 the capital of the [[Honduras|Republic of Honduras]] was transferred by decree from the city of Comayagua to the city of [[Tegucigalpa]], being the prime minister of government Ramón Rosa and under the presidency of -his first cousin- Marco Aurelio Soto, a study was carried out For the transformation and modernization of the Honduran State, the need for public representation of a free and sovereign country was also seen. In 1882, Francisco Durini Vassalli <ref>Vicente D´Antoni. Nacido en Cefalú, Italia el 20 de noviembre de 1885 - falleció Nueva Orleans, Estados Unidos, 29 de octubre de 1918.</ref> was commissioned to create a series of statues of national heroes and allegories that will be placed in the squares of the new capital city Tegucigalpa. |
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Joaquín Caraccioli (Sicilian) and his wife Marie Durand, married in San Pedro Sula and from this union Eugenia Caraccioli Durand was born in 1886 and in 1911 case with Carlos Inestroza (1881-1922), Eugenia would die in 1976. |
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The General Census of the Republic of Honduras, carried out on June 15, 1887, by Dr. Ramón Vallejo, the foreigners were summed up to 185 Americans, 77 Spanish, 72 French, 1,033 English, 43 Germans, 4 Russians, 2 Swiss, 13 Italians, 4 Belgians, 2 Danish, 1 Dutch, 1 Portuguese, 1 Brazilian and 1 Chinese, not counting Central Americans and others from Mexico and Colombia. |
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The banana company established its first dominions in the north of Honduras a strong company destined to the export of bananas in the fields of the Atlantic coast of Ceiba, all this was controlled by the Neapolitan Enrique Pizatti, on February 5, 1890, in the administration of the General Luis Bográn that subsidized permission is granted for the Machecca Bros Company steamers owned by (Joe) Guissepe Machecca established in New Orleans, United States;<ref>Vicente D´Antoni. Nacido en Cefalú, Italia el 20 de noviembre de 1885 - falleció Nueva Orleans, Estados Unidos, 29 de octubre de 1918.</ref> were established in La Ceiba and exports were operating. |
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Among the names of Italian businessmen settled in Honduras in this century are: José and Miguel Tavarone, Hipólito Agasse, Juan B. Gattorno and his son Francisco (Francesco) Gattorno, Demetrio Bennedetto, among others. |
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== XXth century == |
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The influx of Italian citizens to settle in the Republic of Honduras, became clear within the first three decades of the mentioned century, among which stand out entrepreneurs, architects, aviators, engineers, artists in different fields, etc. |
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The Florida Vaccaro Brothers Company and D´Antoni between 1903 and 1920 founded the [[Standard Fruit Company]] in Honduras, which was the first company that dealt with the direct production of bananas (green gold) in the Honduran national territory,<ref>La Inversión extranjera en Centroamérica (Página 286)</ref> the Americans transferred workers from both Italy and a minority from Bulgaria to work in the [[Ceiba]] fields. Among the famous Italians who came to Honduras to settle is the businessman Vicente D´Antoni who also solved a great need of the town of La Ceiba by ordering the construction of the D´Antoni Hospital, a work that was built by Favrst and Livaudais, architects from New Orleans; the building has a modern look and low Spanish brick architecture and tile roof, concrete floors embellished with marble and white tiles with white marble finished bathroom. |
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In 1911 the participation of immigrants in the development of the country is evident, especially the families from Europe (Germany, Italy, France) the main commercialization items were coffee, bananas, precious woods, gold and silver.<ref>Según estimación de Antonio Murga Frassinetti.</ref> |
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Mr. Alberto Bellucci,<ref>Alberto Bellucci, nació en Todi (Perugia) en 1884.</ref> chemical and pharmaceutical engineer, settled in Honduras in 1913 and dedicated himself as a professor of chemistry, mineralogy and mineral exploitation. After his participation in Italy during the First World War, he returned to Tegucigalpa to be appointed, in 1926, Italian Consul for Honduras. Bellucci, ordered to build a residence in "Los Altos de la Leona" site in what is now recognized the remains of such a building, as the "Castillo Belluci". |
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Augusto Bressani<ref>Augusto Bressani, nació en Nimis (Udine, Italia) en 1862.</ref> emigrated as an architect to America in 1889, in 1915 Bressani moved to Honduras to begin, in 1916, the realization of his project for the Presidential House, then he worked on the construction of the Electrical Communications building, in the Central District and in some schools and in the Los Dolores Market in the city of Tegucigalpa. |
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By 1922, aviator Louis Stornaiola brought seven British aircraft to the country, along with an instructor, to establish the Honduran airmail service. Among the Italian aviators who disembarked were, Enrico Massi ex-pilot of the Italian Navy, Giuseppe Villa, the aviation mechanics Antonio D´la Nocha and Asterio Antonutti. The aviator Luigi Venditti, was hired to perform maintenance on the aircraft "Bristol". Venditti, was the one who made several flights using the Toncontin field. |
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* From the union of the Italian immigrant Martín Lazzaroni and Carlota Andino, on July 7, 1929, the Honduran artist Dante Lazzaroni Andino, an icon of national painting and former student of the National School of Fine Arts (Honduras), was born in San Francisco de Yojoa.<ref>Colindres O. Ramiro. Enciclopedia hondureña ilustrada, página 339.</ref> |
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* From the union of the daughter of Italian immigrants, Giacomina Pepitone and the Honduran Manuel Zerón, the Italians Mario, Manuel and Giacomina Zerón Pepitone were born. |
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* From the union of the daughter of Italian immigrants, Dolores Morales Corleto and José María Villeda Chávez, María, Juan José, Manuel and José María, Ramón and Helena Villeda Morales Corleto were born. |
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* Julía Margarita Zúñiga Baín was born from the union of the daughter of Italian immigrants, Julía Baín and the writer Luis Andrés Zúñiga. |
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* From the union between the son of Italian immigrants Francesco (Francisco) Geromini and Francisca Herrera, Carlos Luis Geromini Herrera was born Note 7, who would be Bishop and Vicar General of the Diocese of Santa Rosa de Copán in 1947. |
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* The HRN Radio Broadcasting Company was founded by businessman Rafael Ferrari García, son of Italian immigrant José Ferrari; father of businessman and philanthropist José Rafael Ferrari Sagastume. President of the Televicentro Corporation and the Teletón Foundation and also in sports he is president of the Olimpia Sports Club. |
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* The Apostolic Nuncio Federico Lunardi MontautiNota 8 while in office and resided in the country, carried out extensive research in demography, culture, ethnography, religion, photographic albums, etc. |
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* The architect Emilio Montessi who had been awarded the projection of important Honduran public buildings such as the General Hospital, the Comayagüela Market, the Central Penitentiary and the Paseo El Guanacaste. |
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The HRN Radio Broadcasting Company was founded by businessman Rafael Ferrari García, son of Italian immigrant José Ferrari; father of businessman and philanthropist José Rafael Ferrari Sagastume. President of the Televicentro Corporation and the Teletón Foundation and also in sports he is president of the Olimpia Sports Club. |
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The Apostolic Nuncio Federico Lunardi Montauti Note 8 while in office and resided in the country, carried out extensive research in demography, culture, ethnography, religion, photographic albums, etc. |
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The architect Emilio Montessi who had been awarded the projection of important Honduran public buildings such as the General Hospital, the Comayagüela Market, the Central Penitentiary and the Paseo El Guanacaste. |
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The count of immigrants living in Honduras, according to reports between 1887 and 1935, showed that the following resided in the country and not Central Americans, in this case Italians,<ref>Amaya Banegas, Jorge Alberto. Los judíos en Honduras. (página 39)</ref> the following: |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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!Year |
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!Country of origin |
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!Number of inmigrants |
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!Total inmigrants by the end of the year. |
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|- |
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|1887 |
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|Italy |
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|50 |
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|1444 |
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|- |
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|1910 |
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|Italy |
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|94 |
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|6211 |
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|- |
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|1926 |
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|Italy |
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|322 |
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|8261 |
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|- |
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|1930 |
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|Italy |
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|166 |
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|6531 |
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|- |
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|1935 |
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|Italy |
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|180 |
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|7204 |
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|} |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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== Notes == |
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{{Uncategorized|date=November 2020}} |
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Latest revision as of 22:35, 24 December 2020
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