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Coordinates: 5°3′S 122°53′E / 5.050°S 122.883°E / -5.050; 122.883
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{{Short description|Island in Indonesia}}
{{for|the Buddhist scholar|Buton Rinchen Drub}}
{{for|the Buddhist scholar|Buton Rinchen Drub}}
{{refimprove|date=August 2009}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2009}}
{{Infobox islands
{{Infobox islands
|name = Buton
|name = Buton
|image_name =
|image_name =
|image_caption =
|image_caption =
|locator_map =
|locator_map =
|native_name =
|native_name =
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|total_islands =
|total_islands =
|major_islands =
|major_islands =
|area_km2 = 4408
|area_km2 = 4727.07
|highest_mount = Unnamed
|highest_mount = Unnamed
|elevation_m = 1,100
|elevation_m = 1,100
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|country_admin_divisions = {{flag|Southeast Sulawesi}}
|country_admin_divisions = {{flag|Southeast Sulawesi}}
|country_largest_city = [[Baubau]]
|country_largest_city = [[Baubau]]
|country_largest_city_population = 137,118
|country_largest_city_population = 159,248
|population = 447,408
|population = 414,899
|population_as_of = 2010
|population_as_of = 2020 Census
|density_km2 =
|density_km2 = 87.8
| timezone1 = WITA
| utc_offset1 = +8
|ethnic_groups = [[Butonese people]]
|ethnic_groups = [[Butonese people]]
| pushpin_map = Indonesia Sulawesi
| pushpin_map = Indonesia Sulawesi
}}
}}
[[File:Buton Topography.png|thumb|250px|Buton and surrounding islands]]
[[File:Buton Topography.png|thumb|250px|Buton and surrounding islands]]
'''Buton''' (also '''Butung''', '''Boeton''' or '''Button'''), is an [[island]] in [[Indonesia]] located off the southeast peninsula of [[Sulawesi]]. It covers roughly 4,408 square kilometers in area, or about the size of [[Madura]]; it is the 129th [[List of islands by area|largest island in the world]] and Indonesia's 19th largest in area.
'''Buton''' (also '''Butung''', '''Boeton''' or '''Button''') is an [[island]] in [[Indonesia]] located off the southeast peninsula of [[Sulawesi]]. It covers roughly 4,727 square kilometers in area, or about the size of [[Madura]]; it is the 129th [[List of islands by area|largest island in the world]] and Indonesia's 19th largest in area.


==History==
==History==
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Eerste minister van Buton Zuid-Celebes TMnr 10001614.jpg|thumb|right|250px|First minister of Buton]]
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Eerste minister van Buton Zuid-Celebes TMnr 10001614.jpg|thumb|right|250px|First minister of Buton]]
In the precolonial era, the island, then usually known as Butung, was within the sphere of influence of [[Sultanate of Ternate|Ternate]]. Especially in the sixteenth century, Buton served as an important secondary regional center within the Ternaten empire, controlling regional trade and collecting tribute to be sent to Ternate.
In the precolonial era, the island, then usually known as Butung, was within the sphere of influence of [[Sultanate of Ternate|Ternate]]. Especially in the sixteenth century, Buton served as an important secondary regional center within the Ternaten empire, controlling regional trade and collecting tribute to be sent to Ternate.

The [[Sultanate of Buton]] ruled over the island from the 14th until the 20th century.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Purwanto|first=Muhammad Roy|date=October 2017|title=SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN ISLAM DAN UNDANG-UNDANG KESULTANAN BUTON DI SULAWESI TENGGARA|journal=Kecamatan Galang Dalam Angka |url=https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/5177|language=en|issn=0852-7504}}</ref>


Sultan Murhum, the first Islamic monarch on the island, is remembered in the name of the island's major harbor, Murhum Harbor, in Baubau.
Sultan Murhum, the first Islamic monarch on the island, is remembered in the name of the island's major harbor, Murhum Harbor, in Baubau.

what and who lives here, not me, some wierdos i guess. Shreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is kingShreek is king
==Geography==
==Geography==
Its largest town is [[Baubau]], where the [[Wolio language|Wolio]] and [[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]] languages are spoken. Major nearby islands include [[Wowoni Island|Wawonii]] (to the north), [[Muna Island|Muna]] and [[Kabaena]] (to the west) and Siumpu (to the southwest). The [[Tukangbesi Islands]] lie just to the east where [[Tukang Besi]] is spoken, and is separated by the [[Gulf of Kolowana Watabo]] (''Teluk Kolowana Watabo'').
Its largest town is [[Baubau]], where the [[Wolio language|Wolio]] and [[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]] languages are spoken. Major nearby islands include [[Wowoni Island|Wawonii]] (to the north), [[Muna Island|Muna]] and [[Kabaena]] (to the west) and Siumpu (to the southwest). The [[Tukangbesi Islands]] lie just to the east where [[Tukang Besi]] is spoken, and is separated by the [[Gulf of Kolowana Watabo]] (''Teluk Kolowana Watabo'').
Line 46: Line 51:
== People ==
== People ==
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Portret van een gezantschap van Buton Sulawesi TMnr 10020641.jpg|thumb|Portrait of a delegation from Buton]]
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Portret van een gezantschap van Buton Sulawesi TMnr 10020641.jpg|thumb|Portrait of a delegation from Buton]]
The languages spoken on Buton include [[Wolio language|Wolio]], [[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]], various dialects of [[Muna language|Muna]], [[Tukang Besi]], [[Kumbewaha language|Kumbewaha]], [[Lasalimu language|Lasalimu]], [[Kamaru language|Kamaru]], [[Pancana language|Pancana]], [[Busoa language|Busoa]], [[Taloki language|Taloki]], [[Kulisusu language|Kulisusu]] and [[Kioko language|Kioko]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Rene|last=van den Berg|chapter=Preliminary Notes on the Cia-Cia language (South Buton)|page=305|title=Excursies in Celebes|isbn=90-6718-032-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2009-10-11|url=https://www.google.com/custom?q=%22buton+island%22+site%3Aethnologue.com&|title=Ethnologue}}</ref> The [[Indonesian language]], the national language of Indonesia, is also widely used and taught in schools.
The languages spoken on Buton include [[Wolio language|Wolio]], [[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]], various dialects of [[Muna language|Muna]], [[Tukang Besi]], [[Kumbewaha language|Kumbewaha]], [[Lasalimu language|Lasalimu]], [[Kamaru language|Kamaru]], [[Pancana language|Pancana]], [[Busoa language|Busoa]], [[Taloki language|Taloki]], [[Kulisusu language|Kulisusu]] and [[Kioko language|Kioko]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Rene|last=van den Berg|chapter=Preliminary Notes on the Cia-Cia language (South Buton)|page=305|title=Excursies in Celebes|year=1991 |isbn=90-6718-032-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2009-10-11|url=https://www.google.com/custom?q=%22buton+island%22+site%3Aethnologue.com&|title=Ethnologue}}</ref> The [[Indonesian language]], the national language of Indonesia, is also widely used and taught in schools.


In 2009, the [[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]] tribe in Baubau city began to use the Korean [[Hangul]] alphabet for their language, based on textbooks created by the [[Hunminjeongeum Society]], a linguistic society in Seoul.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/369998.html|title=Cia-Cia adopts Hangul to preserve spoken language|date=7 August 2009}}</ref>
In 2009, the [[Cia-Cia language|Cia-Cia]] tribe in Baubau city began to use the Korean [[Hangul]] alphabet for their language, based on textbooks created by the [[Hunminjeongeum Society]], a linguistic society in Seoul.,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/369998.html|title=Cia-Cia adopts Hangul to preserve spoken language|date=7 August 2009}}</ref> but in 2012 it was reported that adoption ultimately failed and has been abandoned.<ref>[http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/10/10/2011101001151.html "Adoption of Hangeul by Indonesian Tribe Hits Snag"], ''The chosunibo''</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
The island has a massive reserve of natural [[asphalt]] and several other minerals. Asphalt from Buton can be utilized as bitumen modifiers <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bai.co.id|title=Buton Asphalt Indonesia}}</ref> as well as a substitute for petroleum asphalt. As a result, natural asphalt can be used to reduce dependency on conventional fossil based resources.
The island has a massive reserve of natural [[Bitumen|asphalt]] and several other minerals. Asphalt from Buton can be utilized as bitumen modifiers <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bai.co.id|title=Buton Asphalt Indonesia}}</ref> as well as a substitute for petroleum asphalt. As a result, natural asphalt can be used to reduce dependency on conventional fossil based resources.


==Administration==
==Administration==
Buton Island is administratively divided into five second level administrative divisions (''Daerah Tingkat II''): [[Baubau]] City, [[Buton Regency]], [[South Buton Regency]] (which includes several smaller islands to the west and south of Buton), [[North Buton Regency]] and (part of) [[Muna Regency]].
Buton Island is administratively divided into five second level administrative divisions (''Daerah Tingkat II''): [[Baubau]] City, [[Buton Regency]], (part of) [[South Buton Regency]] (which includes several smaller islands to the west and south of Buton), [[North Buton Regency]] and (part of) [[Muna Regency]].

⚫
However, the eponymous archipelago is administered under an additional four regencies: the rest of [[Muna Regency]], together with [[West Muna Regency]], [[Wakatobi Regency]], [[Central Buton Regency]] (which does not include any portion of Buton Island), and (part of) [[Bombana Regency]].
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! Kabupaten || Area<br>in<br> km<sup>2</sup>||Pop'n<br>Census<br>2010 <ref>Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref>||Pop'n<br>Census<br>2020 <ref>Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref>|| comprising
|-
| North Buton Regency ||align="right"|1,923.03||align="right"|54,736||align="right"|66,653||all districts
|-
| Muna Regency (part)||align="right"|400.78||align="right"|19,488||align="right"|22,534|| Pasih Putih, Pasi Kolaga, Wakorumba Selatan, Batukara and Maligano districts
|-
| Buton Regency ||align="right"|1,648.04||align="right"|94,388||align="right"|115,207||all districts
|-
| Baubau city ||align="right"|295.07||align="right"|136,991||align="right"|159,248||all districts
|-
| South Buton Regency (part)||align="right"|460.15||align="right"|41,886||align="right"|51,257||Sampolawa, Lapandewa and Batauga districts
|-
| ''Totals'' ||align="right"|''4,727.07''||align="right"|''347,489''||align="right"|''414,899''||
|-
|}

⚫
However, the eponymous archipelago is administered under an additional four regencies: the rest of [[Muna Regency]] and [[South Buton Regency]], together with [[West Muna Regency]], [[Wakatobi Regency]], [[Central Buton Regency]] (which does not include any portion of Buton Island), and (part of) [[Bombana Regency]].


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{portal|Islands}}
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Islands of Sulawesi]]
[[Category:Islands of Sulawesi]]
[[Category:Landforms of Southeast Sulawesi]]
[[Category:Landforms of Southeast Sulawesi]]
[[Category:Populated places in Indonesia]]

Latest revision as of 19:49, 12 May 2024

For the Buddhist scholar, see Buton Rinchen Drub.
Buton
Buton is located in Sulawesi
Buton
Buton
Geography
LocationSoutheast Asia
Coordinates5°3′S 122°53′E / 5.050°S 122.883°E / -5.050; 122.883
Area4,727.07 km2 (1,825.13 sq mi)
Highest elevation1,100 m (3600 ft)
Highest pointUnnamed
Administration
Province Southeast Sulawesi
Largest settlementBaubau (pop. 159,248)
Demographics
Population414,899 (2020 Census)
Pop. density87.8/km2 (227.4/sq mi)
Ethnic groupsButonese people
Additional information
Time zone
Buton and surrounding islands

Buton (also Butung, Boeton or Button) is an island in Indonesia located off the southeast peninsula of Sulawesi. It covers roughly 4,727 square kilometers in area, or about the size of Madura; it is the 129th largest island in the world and Indonesia's 19th largest in area.

History

[edit]
First minister of Buton

In the precolonial era, the island, then usually known as Butung, was within the sphere of influence of Ternate. Especially in the sixteenth century, Buton served as an important secondary regional center within the Ternaten empire, controlling regional trade and collecting tribute to be sent to Ternate.

The Sultanate of Buton ruled over the island from the 14th until the 20th century.[1]

Sultan Murhum, the first Islamic monarch on the island, is remembered in the name of the island's major harbor, Murhum Harbor, in Baubau.

Geography

[edit]

Its largest town is Baubau, where the Wolio and Cia-Cia languages are spoken. Major nearby islands include Wawonii (to the north), Muna and Kabaena (to the west) and Siumpu (to the southwest). The Tukangbesi Islands lie just to the east where Tukang Besi is spoken, and is separated by the Gulf of Kolowana Watabo (Teluk Kolowana Watabo).

Batuatas Island is to the south. Also the Bouton Passage (as it was known in the pre-Independence era) was an important inter-island navigational location of the northern Flores Sea.[2]

Ecology

[edit]

The island is largely covered by rainforest and is known for its wildlife. It is one of only two habitats of the anoa, a type of buffalo.

People

[edit]
Portrait of a delegation from Buton

The languages spoken on Buton include Wolio, Cia-Cia, various dialects of Muna, Tukang Besi, Kumbewaha, Lasalimu, Kamaru, Pancana, Busoa, Taloki, Kulisusu and Kioko.[3][4] The Indonesian language, the national language of Indonesia, is also widely used and taught in schools.

In 2009, the Cia-Cia tribe in Baubau city began to use the Korean Hangul alphabet for their language, based on textbooks created by the Hunminjeongeum Society, a linguistic society in Seoul.,[5] but in 2012 it was reported that adoption ultimately failed and has been abandoned.[6]

Economy

[edit]

The island has a massive reserve of natural asphalt and several other minerals. Asphalt from Buton can be utilized as bitumen modifiers [7] as well as a substitute for petroleum asphalt. As a result, natural asphalt can be used to reduce dependency on conventional fossil based resources.

Administration

[edit]

Buton Island is administratively divided into five second level administrative divisions (Daerah Tingkat II): Baubau City, Buton Regency, (part of) South Buton Regency (which includes several smaller islands to the west and south of Buton), North Buton Regency and (part of) Muna Regency.

Kabupaten Area
in
km2		 Pop'n
Census
2010 [8]		 Pop'n
Census
2020 [9]		 comprising
North Buton Regency 1,923.03 54,736 66,653 all districts
Muna Regency (part) 400.78 19,488 22,534 Pasih Putih, Pasi Kolaga, Wakorumba Selatan, Batukara and Maligano districts
Buton Regency 1,648.04 94,388 115,207 all districts
Baubau city 295.07 136,991 159,248 all districts
South Buton Regency (part) 460.15 41,886 51,257 Sampolawa, Lapandewa and Batauga districts
Totals 4,727.07 347,489 414,899

However, the eponymous archipelago is administered under an additional four regencies: the rest of Muna Regency and South Buton Regency, together with West Muna Regency, Wakatobi Regency, Central Buton Regency (which does not include any portion of Buton Island), and (part of) Bombana Regency.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Purwanto, Muhammad Roy (October 2017). "SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN ISLAM DAN UNDANG-UNDANG KESULTANAN BUTON DI SULAWESI TENGGARA". Kecamatan Galang Dalam Angka. ISSN 0852-7504.
  2. ^ Goodall, George (Editor)(1943) Philips' International Atlas London, George Philip and Son map 'East Indies' pp.91-92
  3. ^ van den Berg, Rene (1991). "Preliminary Notes on the Cia-Cia language (South Buton)". Excursies in Celebes. p. 305. ISBN 90-6718-032-7.
  4. ^ "Ethnologue". Retrieved 2009-10-11.
  5. ^ "Cia-Cia adopts Hangul to preserve spoken language". 7 August 2009.
  6. ^ "Adoption of Hangeul by Indonesian Tribe Hits Snag", The chosunibo
  7. ^ "Buton Asphalt Indonesia".
  8. ^ Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  9. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
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