Guinea Pig (film series): Difference between revisions

Guinea Pig
Guinea Pig
Created by	Satoru Ogura; Hideshi Hino
Original work	Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment (1985)
Print publications
Comics	Manga by Hideshi Hino
Films and television
Film(s)	List of films

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Guinea Pig (ギニーピッグ, Ginī Piggu) is a Japanese horror (and later, black comedy) series that consists of six films, as well as two making-of documentaries. The series' original concept, was envisioned by manga artist Hideshi Hino (who wrote and directed two films in the series). The series primarily focuses on situations involving graphic violence, gore, mutilation, torture, and murder.

The Guinea Pig series has garnered controversy for its depictions of violence. One or more entries in the series were suspected to have influenced Tsutomu Miyazaki, a serial killer who kidnapped and murdered four young girls. The second film in the series, Guinea Pig 2: Flower of Flesh and Blood, was supposedly withdrawn from the market, and has achieved particular notoriety because of an incident in which American actor Charlie Sheen is said to have watched the film and believed that it depicted the actual killing and dismemberment of a real woman, prompting him to report it to authorities.

The Guinea Pig films were released on DVD by distributor Unearthed Films. As a tribute to the Japanese film series, Unearthed Films began producing a series of horror films titled American Guinea Pig.

Films

Devil's Experiment (1985)

Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment (ギニーピッグ悪魔の実験, Ginī Piggu: Akuma no Jikken, a.k.a. "Unabridged Agony") is a 1985 film directed by Satoru Ogura, and the first entry in the series.^[1]^[2] The film depicts a group of men who kidnap and graphically torture a young woman in a variety of ways—these include hitting her, kicking her, pinching her with pliers, forcing her to endure sound torture, burning her with hot oil, pouring maggots and offal on her, hanging her up in a net, and poking a needle through one of her eyes.^[2]

Flower of Flesh and Blood (1985)

Guinea Pig 2: Flower of Flesh and Blood (ギニーピッグ2 血肉の華, Ginī Piggu 2: Chiniku no Hana) is a 1985 film written and directed by Hideshi Hino, based on his horror manga works, and is the second entry in the series. The plot revolves around a man dressed as a samurai who drugs and abducts a woman, takes her to his home, dismembers her, and adds her body parts to a collection.

This entry in the series has been called "notorious".^[3]^[4] It garnered controversy for its graphic content and was reportedly withdrawn from the market after being examined by a number of Japanese boards of education.^[5] It was also suspected to have influenced serial killer Tsutomu Miyazaki—also known as the Otaku Murderer—who abducted and murdered four young girls in the Saitama and Tokyo prefectures.^[6]^[7]^[8] Miyazaki had an extensive collection of videotapes, many of which were horror films;^[8]^[9] one of the Guinea Pig films was reported to have been found in Miyazaki's collection, though writer-director Hino has asserted that it was not Flower of Flesh and Blood.^[5]

In 1991, American actor Charlie Sheen is said to have obtained a copy of the film from film writer and critic Chris Gore.^[10] Upon watching and becoming convinced that what was on screen was a genuine snuff film that depicted the dismemberment and killing of a woman,^[1]^[5]^[11] Charlie Sheen quickly reported it to authorities in which the Federal Bureau of Investigation purportedly opened an inquiry into those involved in the film's production and distribution. Any official investigations were dropped after it was demonstrated that special effects were used to simulate the violence in the film.^[12]^[13] This incident, and the frequency with which it has been recounted by "hard core" fans of horror films, has been compared to an urban legend.^[1]^[14]

He Never Dies (1986)

Guinea Pig 3: Shudder! The Man Who Never Dies (ギニーピッグ3 戦慄! 死なない男, Ginī Piggu 3: Senritsu! Shinanai Otoko), also known as Guinea Pig 3: He Never Dies, is a 1986 film directed by Masayuki Hisazumi^[15] (or Masayuki Kusumi).^[16] After an introduction given by an American reporter discussing strange cases from around the world, the story begins, centering around an unlucky salaryman named Hideshi. One evening, Hideshi attempts to slit his wrists, and finds that he cannot feel pain.^[17] He then discovers that he has somehow become immortal, and invites a co-worker to his home, asking that he bring sharp gardening utensils with him. When his co-worker arrives, Hideshi plays a practical joke on him by using the tools to mutilate himself,^[18] then ends up decapitating himself with a set of gardening shears, terrifying the co-worker to the point of fainting during the ordeal. Eventually, the co-worker’s girlfriend enters Hideshi’s apartment to see why her fiancé was taking so long, only to find Hideshi’s still-living head on a blood-spattered coffee table. Rather than being scared by the gory scene, the girlfriend is confused by how Hideshi is still alive. She goes to wake her boyfriend, and then the two begin to clean the apartment so Hideshi doesn’t get in trouble with his landlord. As the others get to work cleaning, Hideshi announces that he has become more confident, and would like to return to his job the next day.

Though He Never Dies features graphic imagery, it is more darkly comedic in tone than its predecessors and its successors except Devil Woman Doctor.^[16]^[18]

Mermaid in a Manhole (1988)

Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole (ギニーピッグマンホールの中の人魚, Ginī Piggu: Manhōru no Naka no Ningyo) is a 1988^[1]^[18]^[19] film written and directed by Hideshi Hino, based again on his horror manga works.^[17]^[20] Sources differ on whether it is the fourth or sixth film in the series.^[1]^[15]^[20] In a 2009 interview with Vice, Hino said that he had "nothing to do with" the fourth Guinea Pig film,^[5] implying that he does not consider Mermaid in a Manhole to be the fourth entry in the series. However, Stephen Biro, co-founder of the home video distribution company Unearthed Films, listed Mermaid in a Manhole as the fourth film in the series.^[1] In his book The Encyclopedia of Japanese Horror Films, Salvador Jimenez Murguía claims that it was "the sixth Guinea Pig film to be produced, although it was released fourth."^[19]

The plot of Mermaid in a Manhole follows an artist who has become estranged from his wife. One day while visiting the sewers beneath the streets of Okinawa, he encounters a mermaid that he had once met as a child.^[20] After noticing that she has boils growing on her body, the artist offers to help her, and brings the mermaid to his house to continue illustrating her. Over time, her illness gets worse, and eventually she begins suffering the symptoms of a horrendous infestation in which countless worms of various sizes burst out of the boils on her body. On the verge of death, she begs the artist to kill her, and he does, stabbing her to death then dismembering her body. Later, the artist's two neighbours, who were intrigued by what the artist had been doing after one of them found a fish head in the trash, go to investigate, but flee after they come across the artist holding the pieces of the mermaid while listlessly singing about her death.

When the local police take control of the scene and investigate, they find that instead of the dismembered body being that of a mermaid, it is that of a human woman. The neighbours are interviewed, and everyone suspects the artist to have killed his wife, a statement which the investigation finds to be true; hallucinating, the schizophrenic artist had murdered his wife, who had been suffering from stomach cancer. Now imprisoned, the artist sits, manically muttering to himself about how he was sure he had killed the mermaid. Yet, despite all the evidence against it, a single scale was found in the bathtub in the artist's house, belonging to an unidentified species.^[19]

Unlike its predecessors, Mermaid in a Manhole is more of a body horror film, has more of a storyline and has a tone that is significantly more poignant and falls more into the tragedy genre than the other films in the series. For these reasons, Mermaid in a Manhole is generally considered to be one of the best films in the series and is a fan favorite.^[21]

Android of Notre Dame (1988)

Guinea Pig: Android of Notre Dame (ギニーピッグノートルダムのアンドロイド, Ginī Piggu: Nōtorudamu no Andoroido) is a 1988^[1]^[22] film directed by Kazuhito Kuramoto.^[2]^[17] It revolves around a scientist who tries to find a cure for his sister's grave illness. The scientist needs a "guinea pig" to perform experiments on. A stranger approaches the scientist, offering a body for the experiments, for which the scientist will pay. When the experiments do not go well, the scientist becomes enraged and hacks the body to pieces. The stranger approaches the scientist again and supplies another body so the experiments can continue.

Devil Woman Doctor (1990)

Guinea Pig: Devil Woman Doctor (ギニーピッグピーターの悪魔の女医さん, Ginī Piggu: Pītā no Akuma no Joi-san) is a 1990^[1]^[15]^[16] film directed by Hajime Tabe.^[16] Much like Mermaid in a Manhole, sources differ on whether Devil Woman Doctor is the fourth or sixth entry in the series.^[11]^[15] The front cover art for the VHS release of the film by Sai Enterprise describes it as the fourth film in the series.^[23]^{[better source needed]} According to Salvador Jimenez Murguía: "despite being chronologically labeled as the fourth in the series, [Devil Woman Doctor] is often referred to as the final [Guinea Pig] film."^[24]

Devil Woman Doctor tells the story of a female doctor played by Japanese drag actor Peter.^[17]^[24]^[25] The film takes the form of several vignettes in which she encounters numerous patients, including a family whose heads explode if they get upset and a woman whose heart explodes when she becomes scared, a man with dissociative identity disorder who finds a new life as a street comedian, a yakuza member who has a sentient tumour with a human face growing on his stomach, and a zombie who lives a relatively normal life with his still-living girlfriend. The doctor then saves a woman from an animate internal organ before meeting a man who sweats blood, and attempts to remove a living tattoo from another patient, who she eventually has to flay alive to finally remove the troublesome ink. In the final scene, a group of four men discuss their particularly bizarre conditions. The first patient produces soybean paste under his feet and can spit eggs containing infant aliens from his mouth, the second has an elastic penis, the third constantly emits smoke from his body, and the fourth has a heart which moves around inside him. The Devil Woman Doctor then arrives on the scene and proclaims to the audience that each of the four conditions presented by the patients are incurable. As the credits roll, several of the film's characters hit each other with metal discs coated in sharp metal spikes, causing large amounts of blood to spurt from them, though no one appears to be seriously injured despite the graphic scene.^[26]^[27] Rather than horror, the tone of this installment is more akin to extremely violent and surreal slapstick comedy.^[28]^[27]

Other releases

Making-of documentaries

In 1986, Making of Guinea Pig (Meikingu obu Za Ginipiggu), a making-of documentary about the production of the first three Guinea Pig films, was released.^[1]^[29] The existence of behind-the-scenes footage demonstrating special effects used in the Guinea Pig series is thought to have assuaged fears about the Guinea Pig films being snuff films.^[3]^[13]

Making of Devil Woman Doctor (Bangaihen: Akumano Joi-san Meikingu), a behind-the-scenes look at the production of Devil Woman Doctor, was released in 1990.^[1]^[29]

Slaughter Special (1991)

In 1991, Guinea Pig: Slaughter Special (ギニーピッグ惨殺スペシャル, Ginī Piggu: Zansatsu Supessharu), a "best-of" special which showcases highlights from the series, was released.^[1]^[29]

Home media

In the 1980s, the Guinea Pig films were released on VHS by a variety of companies, including Midnight 25 Video,^[30] Japan Home Video,^[9]^[31] MAD Video,^[23]^{[better source needed]} and Sai Enterprise.^[32]^[33]

In the early 2000s, distributor Unearthed Films released the Guinea Pig films and the associated making-of documentaries on DVD. Each release was a double feature containing two films: Devil's Experiment / Android of Notre Dame,^[2]^[34] Mermaid in a Manhole / He Never Dies,^[18]^[34] Flower of Flesh and Blood / Making of Guinea Pig,^[3]^[34] and Devil Woman Doctor / Making of Devil Woman Doctor.^[34] The following year, Unearthed Films released a DVD box set containing the six Guinea Pig films, the two making-of documentaries and the Slaughter Special.^[34]^{[additional citation(s) needed]}

Legacy

As a tribute to the Guinea Pig series, Unearthed Films began producing a horror film series known as American Guinea Pig.^[35]^[36] The films in this series are as follows: American Guinea Pig: Bouquet of Guts and Gore (2014),^[37] American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock (2015),^[38]^[39] American Guinea Pig: The Song of Solomon (2017),^[40] and American Guinea Pig: Sacrifice (2017).^[41]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "The Guinea Pig History Page". GuineaPigFilms.com. Archived from the original on 28 May 2002. Retrieved 16 November 2006.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wallis, J. Doyle (20 September 2002). "Guinea Pig: Devils Experiment / Android of Notre Dame". DVD Talk. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c Wallis, J. Doyle (17 December 2002). "Guinea Pig: Flower of Flesh and Blood / Making of..." DVD Talk. Archived from the original on 26 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
^ Wojnar, Jason (12 October 2019). "10 Horror Movies Too Intense Even for Halloween". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kosuga, Tomo (30 September 2009). "Flowers of Flesh and Blood". Vice. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
^ O'Neill, Michael, ed. (1989). "Japanese tapes: Claims of inspiration". Asiaweek. Vol. 15, no. 27–51. Google Books: Asiaweek Limited. p. 37. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
^ ""The man, Tsutomu Miyazaki, kidnapped and killed four girls aged between four and seven in Tokyo and Saitama, north of Tokyo..."". Asian Recorder. Vol. 43. Google Books: K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press. 1997. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
^ ^a ^b McRoy 2007, p. 16.
^ ^a ^b Provencher, Ken; Dillon, Mike, eds. (2018). Exploiting East Asian Cinemas: Genre, Circulation, Reception. Global Exploitation Cinemas. Vol. 3. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 103. ISBN 978-1501319655.
^ "Charlie Sheen Thought Guinea Pig 2 Was A Snuff Film". ScreenRant. 2020-03-09. Retrieved 2022-04-19.
^ ^a ^b Figueroa, Dariel (15 January 2015). "When Charlie Sheen Thought He Saw A Real Snuff Film". Uproxx. Archived from the original on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
^ McDowell, Rider (7 August 1994). "Movies to Die For". San Francisco Chronicle.
^ ^a ^b Mikkelson, David (31 October 2006). "FACT CHECK: Snuff Films". Snopes. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
^ McRoy 2007, p. 15.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Davies, Clive (2015). Spinegrinder: The Movies Most Critics Won't Write About. Headpress. p. 442. ISBN 978-1909394278.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d McRoy 2007, p. 35.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Harper 2009, p. 35.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wallis, J. Doyle (20 September 2002). "Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole / He Never Dies". DVD Talk. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c Murguía 2016, p. 134.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ehrenreich, Alex (25 March 2019). "Far East Extreme: How to train your "Mermaid in a Manhole"". Rue Morgue. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
^ "Guinea Pig: Mermaid in the Manhole (1988)".
^ Guinea Pig Devil's Experiment / Android of Notre Dame (DVD, back cover). Satoru Ogura (producer). Unearthed Films. 2004.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
^ ^a ^b Parton, Chip (10 February 2010). "MAD World: A Closer look at the Guinea Pig films on VHS". Severed Cinema. Archived from the original on 25 February 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ ^a ^b Murguía 2016, p. 107.
^ McRoy 2007, p. 36.
^ McRoy 2007, p. 39–40.
^ ^a ^b Harper 2009, p. 36.
^ McRoy 2007, p. 35, 39.
^ ^a ^b ^c Kerekes, David; Slater, David (2016). Killing for Culture: From Edison to ISIS: A New History of Death on Film. Headpress. ISBN 978-1909394346.
^ Hunter, Jack (1999). Eros in Hell: Sex, Blood and Madness in Japanese Cinema. Creation Books. p. 160. ISBN 978-1871592931.
^ Sharp, Jasper (2011). Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-0810857957.
^ Murguía 2016, p. 105.
^ Reyes, Xavier Aldana (2014). Body Gothic: Corporeal Transgression in Contemporary Literature and Horror Film. Gothic Literary Studies. University of Wales Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-1783160921.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "[Unearthed Films] - Collection". Unearthed Films. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Turek, Ryan (16 September 2014). "An American Guinea Pig Series is Being Made – Can You Stomach the Grisly Trailer?". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Squires, John (17 September 2014). "Bouquet of Guts and Gore Ushers in American Guinea Pig Series". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Boiselle, Matt (21 November 2014). "American Guinea Pig: Bouquet of Guts and Gore (2014)". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Moore, Debi (19 January 2016). "Exclusive Images from American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Mr. Dark (16 May 2016). "American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Alexander, Chris (8 June 2017). "American Guinea Pig: The Song of Solomon Red Band Trailer Will Make You Sick!". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Mr. Dark (19 May 2017). "American Guinea Pig 4: Sacrifice". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

Bibliography

Harper, Jim (2009). Flowers from Hell: The Modern Japanese Horror Film. Noir Publishing. p. 35. ISBN 978-0953656479.
McRoy, Jay (2007). Nightmare Japan: Contemporary Japanese Horror Cinema. Rodopi. ISBN 978-9042023314.
Murguía, Salvador Jimenez (2016). The Encyclopedia of Japanese Horror Films. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1442261662.

External links

[gphistory-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k "The Guinea Pig History Page". GuineaPigFilms.com. Archived from the original on 28 May 2002. Retrieved 16 November 2006.

[dvdtalk1-2] Wallis, J. Doyle (20 September 2002). "Guinea Pig: Devils Experiment / Android of Notre Dame". DVD Talk. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.

[dvdtalk2-3] Wallis, J. Doyle (17 December 2002). "Guinea Pig: Flower of Flesh and Blood / Making of..." DVD Talk. Archived from the original on 26 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.

[4] Wojnar, Jason (12 October 2019). "10 Horror Movies Too Intense Even for Halloween". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2019.

[vice-5] Kosuga, Tomo (30 September 2009). "Flowers of Flesh and Blood". Vice. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

[6] O'Neill, Michael, ed. (1989). "Japanese tapes: Claims of inspiration". Asiaweek. Vol. 15, no. 27–51. Google Books: Asiaweek Limited. p. 37. Retrieved 26 December 2019.

[7] ""The man, Tsutomu Miyazaki, kidnapped and killed four girls aged between four and seven in Tokyo and Saitama, north of Tokyo..."". Asian Recorder. Vol. 43. Google Books: K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press. 1997. Retrieved 26 December 2019.

[FOOTNOTEMcRoy200716-8] McRoy 2007, p. 16.

[provencher-9] Provencher, Ken; Dillon, Mike, eds. (2018). Exploiting East Asian Cinemas: Genre, Circulation, Reception. Global Exploitation Cinemas. Vol. 3. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 103. ISBN 978-1501319655.

[10] "Charlie Sheen Thought Guinea Pig 2 Was A Snuff Film". ScreenRant. 2020-03-09. Retrieved 2022-04-19.

[figueroa-11] Figueroa, Dariel (15 January 2015). "When Charlie Sheen Thought He Saw A Real Snuff Film". Uproxx. Archived from the original on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

[mcdowell-12] McDowell, Rider (7 August 1994). "Movies to Die For". San Francisco Chronicle.

[snopes-13] Mikkelson, David (31 October 2006). "FACT CHECK: Snuff Films". Snopes. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

[FOOTNOTEMcRoy200715-14] McRoy 2007, p. 15.

[Davies_2015-15] Davies, Clive (2015). Spinegrinder: The Movies Most Critics Won't Write About. Headpress. p. 442. ISBN 978-1909394278.

[FOOTNOTEMcRoy200735-16] McRoy 2007, p. 35.

[FOOTNOTEHarper200935-17] Harper 2009, p. 35.

[dvdtalk3-18] Wallis, J. Doyle (20 September 2002). "Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole / He Never Dies". DVD Talk. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.

[FOOTNOTEMurguía2016134-19] Murguía 2016, p. 134.

[ehrenreich-20] Ehrenreich, Alex (25 March 2019). "Far East Extreme: How to train your "Mermaid in a Manhole"". Rue Morgue. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

[21] "Guinea Pig: Mermaid in the Manhole (1988)".

[22] Guinea Pig Devil's Experiment / Android of Notre Dame (DVD, back cover). Satoru Ogura (producer). Unearthed Films. 2004.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)

[severed-23] Parton, Chip (10 February 2010). "MAD World: A Closer look at the Guinea Pig films on VHS". Severed Cinema. Archived from the original on 25 February 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[FOOTNOTEMurguía2016107-24] Murguía 2016, p. 107.

[FOOTNOTEMcRoy200736-25] McRoy 2007, p. 36.

[FOOTNOTEMcRoy200739–40-26] McRoy 2007, p. 39–40.

[FOOTNOTEHarper200936-27] Harper 2009, p. 36.

[FOOTNOTEMcRoy200735,_39-28] McRoy 2007, p. 35, 39.

[killing2016-29] Kerekes, David; Slater, David (2016). Killing for Culture: From Edison to ISIS: A New History of Death on Film. Headpress. ISBN 978-1909394346.

[30] Hunter, Jack (1999). Eros in Hell: Sex, Blood and Madness in Japanese Cinema. Creation Books. p. 160. ISBN 978-1871592931.

[31] Sharp, Jasper (2011). Historical Dictionary of Japanese Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-0810857957.

[FOOTNOTEMurguía2016105-32] Murguía 2016, p. 105.

[33] Reyes, Xavier Aldana (2014). Body Gothic: Corporeal Transgression in Contemporary Literature and Horror Film. Gothic Literary Studies. University of Wales Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-1783160921.

[unearthedcol-34] "[Unearthed Films] - Collection". Unearthed Films. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[35] Turek, Ryan (16 September 2014). "An American Guinea Pig Series is Being Made – Can You Stomach the Grisly Trailer?". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[36] Squires, John (17 September 2014). "Bouquet of Guts and Gore Ushers in American Guinea Pig Series". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[37] Boiselle, Matt (21 November 2014). "American Guinea Pig: Bouquet of Guts and Gore (2014)". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[38] Moore, Debi (19 January 2016). "Exclusive Images from American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[39] Mr. Dark (16 May 2016). "American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[40] Alexander, Chris (8 June 2017). "American Guinea Pig: The Song of Solomon Red Band Trailer Will Make You Sick!". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[41] Mr. Dark (19 May 2017). "American Guinea Pig 4: Sacrifice". Dread Central. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Horror film series}}
 {{Italic title}}
 {{about|the Japanese horror film series|the 1948 British film|The Guinea Pig (film)}}
@@ Line 6: / Line 7: @@
 | image size =
 | caption =
-| creator = Satoru Ogura<br>[[Hideshi Hino]]
+| creator = Satoru Ogura<br />[[Hideshi Hino]]
 | origin = ''[[Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment]]'' (1985)
 | owner =
@@ Line 16: / Line 17: @@
 }}
-{{nihongo|'''''Guinea Pig'''''|ギニーピッグ|Ginī Piggu}} is a [[J-horror|Japanese]] [[horror film]] series that consists of six films, as well as two [[Making-of documentary|making-of documentaries]]. The series' original concept, envisioned by [[manga artist]] [[Hideshi Hino]] (who wrote and directed two films in the series), was to create film adaptations of his [[manga]] work.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}} The series primarily focuses on situations involving graphic violence, [[wikt:gore|gore]], mutilation, torture, and murder.
+{{nihongo|'''''Guinea Pig'''''|ギニーピッグ|Ginī Piggu}} is a Japanese [[horror film|horror]] (and later, [[black comedy]]) series that consists of six films, as well as two [[Making-of documentary|making-of documentaries]]. The series' original concept,  was envisioned by [[manga artist]] [[Hideshi Hino]] (who wrote and directed two films in the series). The series primarily focuses on situations involving graphic violence, [[Gore film|gore]], mutilation, torture, and murder.
 The ''Guinea Pig'' series has garnered controversy for its depictions of violence. One or more entries in the series were suspected to have influenced [[Tsutomu Miyazaki]], a [[serial killer]] who kidnapped and murdered four young girls. The second film in the series, ''[[Guinea Pig 2: Flower of Flesh and Blood]]'', was supposedly withdrawn from the market, and has achieved particular notoriety because of an incident in which American actor [[Charlie Sheen]] is said to have watched the film and believed that it depicted the actual killing and dismemberment of a real woman, prompting him to report it to authorities.
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 ===''Devil's Experiment'' (1985)===
 {{Main|Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment}}
-{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment''|ギニーピッグ 悪魔の実験|Ginī Piggu: Akuma no Jikken|a.k.a. "Unabridged Agony"}} is a 1985 film directed by Satoru Ogura, and the first entry in the series.<ref name=gphistory>{{cite web|url=http://www.guineapigfilms.com/History.html|title=The Guinea Pig History Page|website=GuineaPigFilms.com|access-date=16 November 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020528165802/http://www.guineapigfilms.com/History.html|archive-date=28 May 2002}}</ref><ref name=dvdtalk1>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4637/guinea-pig-devils-experiment-android-of-notre-dame/|title=Guinea Pig: Devils Experiment / Android of Notre Dame|last=Wallis|first=J. Doyle|date=20 September 2002|website=[[DVD Talk]]|access-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227013523/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4637/guinea-pig-devils-experiment-android-of-notre-dame/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The film depicts a group of men who kidnap and graphically torture a young woman in a variety of ways—these include hitting her, kicking her, pinching her with pliers, forcing her to endure [[sound torture]], burning her with [[Early thermal weapons#Boiling oil|hot oil]], pouring [[maggot]]s on her, and poking a needle through one of her eyes.<ref name=dvdtalk1 />
+{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment''|ギニーピッグ 悪魔の実験|Ginī Piggu: Akuma no Jikken|a.k.a. "Unabridged Agony"}} is a 1985 film directed by Satoru Ogura, and the first entry in the series.<ref name=gphistory>{{cite web|url=http://www.guineapigfilms.com/History.html|title=The Guinea Pig History Page|website=GuineaPigFilms.com|access-date=16 November 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020528165802/http://www.guineapigfilms.com/History.html|archive-date=28 May 2002}}</ref><ref name=dvdtalk1>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4637/guinea-pig-devils-experiment-android-of-notre-dame/|title=Guinea Pig: Devils Experiment / Android of Notre Dame|last=Wallis|first=J. Doyle|date=20 September 2002|website=[[DVD Talk]]|access-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227013523/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4637/guinea-pig-devils-experiment-android-of-notre-dame/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The film depicts a group of men who kidnap and graphically torture a young woman in a variety of ways—these include hitting her, kicking her, pinching her with pliers, forcing her to endure [[sound torture]], burning her with [[Early thermal weapons#Boiling oil|hot oil]], pouring [[maggot]]s and [[offal]] on her, hanging her up in a net, and poking a needle through one of her eyes.<ref name=dvdtalk1 />
 ===''Flower of Flesh and Blood'' (1985)===
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 {{nihongo|''Guinea Pig 2: Flower of Flesh and Blood''|ギニーピッグ2 血肉の華|Ginī Piggu 2: Chiniku no Hana}} is a 1985 film written and directed by [[Hideshi Hino]], based on his horror [[manga]] works, and is the second entry in the series. The plot revolves around a man dressed as a [[samurai]] who drugs and abducts a woman, takes her to his home, dismembers her, and adds her body parts to a collection.
-This entry in the series has been called "notorious".<ref name=dvdtalk2>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/5185/guinea-pig-flower-of-flesh-and-blood-making-of/|title=Guinea Pig: Flower of Flesh and Blood / Making of...|last=Wallis|first=J. Doyle|date=17 December 2002|website=[[DVD Talk]]|access-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226210128/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/5185/guinea-pig-flower-of-flesh-and-blood-making-of/|archive-date=26 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/horror-movies-too-disturbing-halloween/|title=10 Horror Movies Too Intense Even for Halloween|last=Wojnar|first=Jason|date=12 October 2019|website=[[Screen Rant]]|access-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220201036/https://screenrant.com/horror-movies-too-disturbing-halloween/|archive-date=20 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> It garnered controversy for its graphic content and was reportedly withdrawn from the market after being examined by a number of Japanese boards of education.<ref name=vice>{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/jmgkgg/flowers-of-flesh-and-blood|title=Flowers of Flesh and Blood|last=Kosuga|first=Tomo|date=30 September 2009|work=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711174331/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/jmgkgg/flowers-of-flesh-and-blood|archive-date=11 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> It was also suspected to have influenced serial killer [[Tsutomu Miyazaki]]—also known as the [[Otaku]] Murderer—who abducted and murdered four young girls in the [[Saitama Prefecture|Saitama]] and [[Tokyo]] prefectures.<ref>{{cite magazine|editor-last=O'Neill|editor-first=Michael|date=1989|title=Japanese tapes: Claims of inspiration|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Asiaweek/zS1BAQAAIAAJ|magazine=[[Asiaweek]]|location=Google Books|publisher=Asiaweek Limited|volume=15|issue=27-51|page=37|access-date=26 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|date=1997|title="The man, Tsutomu Miyazaki, kidnapped and killed four girls aged between four and seven in Tokyo and Saitama, north of Tokyo..."|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Asian_Recorder/OIxtAAAAMAAJ|magazine=Asian Recorder|location=Google Books|publisher=K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press|volume=43|access-date=26 December 2019}}</ref>{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=16}} Miyazaki had an extensive collection of videotapes, many of which were horror films;{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=16}}<ref name=provencher>{{cite book|editor-last1=Provencher|editor-first1=Ken|editor-last2=Dillon|editor-first2=Mike|year=2018|title=Exploiting East Asian Cinemas: Genre, Circulation, Reception|series=Global Exploitation Cinemas|volume=3|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]]|page=103|isbn=978-1501319655}}</ref> one of the ''Guinea Pig'' films was reported to have been found in Miyazaki's collection, though writer-director Hino has asserted that it was not ''Flower of Flesh and Blood''.<ref name=vice />
+This entry in the series has been called "notorious".<ref name=dvdtalk2>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/5185/guinea-pig-flower-of-flesh-and-blood-making-of/|title=Guinea Pig: Flower of Flesh and Blood / Making of...|last=Wallis|first=J. Doyle|date=17 December 2002|website=[[DVD Talk]]|access-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226210128/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/5185/guinea-pig-flower-of-flesh-and-blood-making-of/|archive-date=26 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/horror-movies-too-disturbing-halloween/|title=10 Horror Movies Too Intense Even for Halloween|last=Wojnar|first=Jason|date=12 October 2019|website=[[Screen Rant]]|access-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220201036/https://screenrant.com/horror-movies-too-disturbing-halloween/|archive-date=20 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> It garnered controversy for its graphic content and was reportedly withdrawn from the market after being examined by a number of Japanese boards of education.<ref name=vice>{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/jmgkgg/flowers-of-flesh-and-blood|title=Flowers of Flesh and Blood|last=Kosuga|first=Tomo|date=30 September 2009|work=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711174331/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/jmgkgg/flowers-of-flesh-and-blood|archive-date=11 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> It was also suspected to have influenced serial killer [[Tsutomu Miyazaki]]—also known as the [[Otaku]] Murderer—who abducted and murdered four young girls in the [[Saitama Prefecture|Saitama]] and [[Tokyo]] prefectures.<ref>{{cite magazine|editor-last=O'Neill|editor-first=Michael|date=1989|title=Japanese tapes: Claims of inspiration|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zS1BAQAAIAAJ|magazine=[[Asiaweek]]|location=Google Books|publisher=Asiaweek Limited|volume=15|issue=27–51|page=37|access-date=26 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|date=1997|title="The man, Tsutomu Miyazaki, kidnapped and killed four girls aged between four and seven in Tokyo and Saitama, north of Tokyo..."|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OIxtAAAAMAAJ|magazine=Asian Recorder|location=Google Books|publisher=K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press|volume=43|access-date=26 December 2019}}</ref>{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=16}} Miyazaki had an extensive collection of videotapes, many of which were horror films;{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=16}}<ref name=provencher>{{cite book|editor-last1=Provencher|editor-first1=Ken|editor-last2=Dillon|editor-first2=Mike|year=2018|title=Exploiting East Asian Cinemas: Genre, Circulation, Reception|series=Global Exploitation Cinemas|volume=3|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]]|page=103|isbn=978-1501319655}}</ref> one of the ''Guinea Pig'' films was reported to have been found in Miyazaki's collection, though writer-director Hino has asserted that it was not ''Flower of Flesh and Blood''.<ref name=vice />
-In the early 1990s, American actor [[Charlie Sheen]] is said to have obtained a copy of the film, watched it, and became convinced that it was a [[snuff film]] that depicted the actual dismemberment and killing of a real woman.<ref name=gphistory /><ref name=vice /><ref name=figueroa>{{cite web|last=Figueroa|first=Dariel|url=https://uproxx.com/movies/about-that-time-charlie-sheen-thought-a-horror-film-he-watched-was-actually-a-snuff-film/|title=When Charlie Sheen Thought He Saw A Real Snuff Film|date=15 January 2015|website=[[Uproxx]]|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112164922/https://uproxx.com/movies/about-that-time-charlie-sheen-thought-a-horror-film-he-watched-was-actually-a-snuff-film/|archive-date=12 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> He reported it to authorities, and the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] purportedly opened an inquiry into those involved in the film's production and distribution, but any official investigations were dropped after it was demonstrated that special effects were used to simulate the violence in the film.<ref name=mcdowell>{{cite news|last=McDowell|first=Rider|title=Movies to Die For|date=7 August 1994|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]}}</ref><ref name=snopes>{{cite web|last=Mikkelson|first=David|url=http://www.snopes.com/horrors/madmen/snuff.htm|title=FACT CHECK: Snuff Films|date=31 October 2006|website=[[Snopes]]|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> This incident, and the frequency with which it has been recounted by "hard core" fans of horror films, has been compared to an [[urban legend]].<ref name=gphistory />{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=15}}
+In 1991, American actor [[Charlie Sheen]] is said to have obtained a copy of the film from film writer and critic Chris Gore.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-09 |title=Charlie Sheen Thought Guinea Pig 2 Was A Snuff Film |url=https://screenrant.com/charlie-sheen-guinea-pig-2-snuff-film-police-japanese-horror/ |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=ScreenRant |language=en-US}}</ref> Upon watching and becoming convinced that what was on screen was a genuine [[snuff film]] that depicted the dismemberment and killing of a woman,<ref name=gphistory /><ref name=vice /><ref name=figueroa>{{cite web|last=Figueroa|first=Dariel|url=https://uproxx.com/movies/about-that-time-charlie-sheen-thought-a-horror-film-he-watched-was-actually-a-snuff-film/|title=When Charlie Sheen Thought He Saw A Real Snuff Film|date=15 January 2015|website=[[Uproxx]]|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112164922/https://uproxx.com/movies/about-that-time-charlie-sheen-thought-a-horror-film-he-watched-was-actually-a-snuff-film/|archive-date=12 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Charlie Sheen quickly reported it to authorities in which the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] purportedly opened an inquiry into those involved in the film's production and distribution. Any official investigations were dropped after it was demonstrated that special effects were used to simulate the violence in the film.<ref name=mcdowell>{{cite news|last=McDowell|first=Rider|title=Movies to Die For|date=7 August 1994|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]}}</ref><ref name=snopes>{{cite web|last=Mikkelson|first=David|url=http://www.snopes.com/horrors/madmen/snuff.htm|title=FACT CHECK: Snuff Films|date=31 October 2006|website=[[Snopes]]|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> This incident, and the frequency with which it has been recounted by "hard core" fans of horror films, has been compared to an [[urban legend]].<ref name=gphistory />{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=15}}
 ===''He Never Dies'' (1986)===
 {{Redirect|He Never Dies|the 2015 film of a similar name|He Never Died}}
-{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig 3: Shudder! The Man Who Never Dies''|ギニーピッグ3 戦慄! 死なない男|Ginī Piggu 3: Senritsu! Shinanai Otoko}}, also known as ''Guinea Pig 3: He Never Dies'', is a 1986 film directed by Masayuki Hisazumi<ref name=davies>{{cite book|last=Davies|first=Clive|year=2015|title=Spinegrinder: The Movies Most Critics Won't Write About|publisher=Headpress|isbn=978-1909394278}}</ref> (or Masayuki Kusumi).{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}} The plot centers around an unlucky salaryman named Hideshi who attempts to [[Suicide methods#Wrist cutting|slit his wrists]], and finds that he cannot feel pain.{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}} He then realizes that he [[Immortality|cannot die]], and invites a co-worker to his home, asking that he bring sharp gardening utensils with him. When his co-worker arrives, Hideshi plays a practical joke on him by using the tools to mutilate himself,<ref name=dvdtalk3>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4638/guinea-pig-mermaid-in-a-manhole-he-never-dies/|title=Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole / He Never Dies|last=Wallis|first=J. Doyle|date=20 September 2002|website=[[DVD Talk]]|access-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227043524/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4638/guinea-pig-mermaid-in-a-manhole-he-never-dies/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> then ends up decapitating himself with a set of gardening shears, terrifying the co-worker to the point of fainting during the ordeal. Eventually, the co-worker’s girlfriend enters Hideshi’s apartment to see why her fiancé was taking so long, only to find Hideshi’s still-living head on a blood-spattered coffee table. More confused than scared, she goes to wake the co-worker, then the two begin to clean the apartment so Hideshi doesn’t get in trouble with his landlord. As the others get to work cleaning, Hideshi announces that he has become more confident, and would like to return to his job the next day.
+{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig 3: Shudder! The Man Who Never Dies''|ギニーピッグ3 戦慄! 死なない男|Ginī Piggu 3: Senritsu! Shinanai Otoko}}, also known as ''Guinea Pig 3: He Never Dies'', is a 1986 film directed by Masayuki Hisazumi<ref name="Davies 2015">{{cite book|last=Davies|first=Clive|year=2015|title=Spinegrinder: The Movies Most Critics Won't Write About|publisher=Headpress|page=442|isbn=978-1909394278}}</ref> (or Masayuki Kusumi).{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}} After an introduction given by an American reporter discussing strange cases from around the world, the story begins, centering around an unlucky salaryman named Hideshi. One evening, Hideshi attempts to [[Suicide methods#Wrist cutting|slit his wrists]], and finds that he cannot feel pain.{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}} He then discovers that he has somehow become [[Immortality|immortal]], and invites a co-worker to his home, asking that he bring sharp gardening utensils with him. When his co-worker arrives, Hideshi plays a practical joke on him by using the tools to mutilate himself,<ref name=dvdtalk3>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4638/guinea-pig-mermaid-in-a-manhole-he-never-dies/|title=Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole / He Never Dies|last=Wallis|first=J. Doyle|date=20 September 2002|website=[[DVD Talk]]|access-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227043524/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/4638/guinea-pig-mermaid-in-a-manhole-he-never-dies/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> then ends up decapitating himself with a set of [[Pruning shears|gardening shears]], terrifying the co-worker to the point of fainting during the ordeal. Eventually, the co-worker’s girlfriend enters Hideshi’s apartment to see why her fiancé was taking so long, only to find Hideshi’s still-living head on a blood-spattered coffee table. Rather than being scared by the gory scene, the girlfriend is confused by how Hideshi is still alive. She goes to wake her boyfriend, and then the two begin to clean the apartment so Hideshi doesn’t get in trouble with his landlord. As the others get to work cleaning, Hideshi announces that he has become more confident, and would like to return to his job the next day.
 Though ''He Never Dies'' features graphic imagery, it is more [[Dark comedy|darkly comedic]] in tone than its predecessors and its successors except ''Devil Woman Doctor''.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}}<ref name=dvdtalk3 />
 ===''Mermaid in a Manhole'' (1988)===
-{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole''|ギニーピッグ マンホールの中の人魚|Ginī Piggu: Manhōru no Naka no Ningyo}} is a 1988<ref name=gphistory /><ref name=dvdtalk3 />{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=134}} film written and directed by Hideshi Hino, based again on his horror manga works.{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}}<ref name=ehrenreich>{{cite web|last=Ehrenreich|first=Alex|url=https://rue-morgue.com/far-east-extreme-how-to-train-your-mermaid-in-a-manhole/|title=Far East Extreme: How to train your "Mermaid in a Manhole"|date=25 March 2019|work=[[Rue Morgue (magazine)|Rue Morgue]]|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711162825/https://rue-morgue.com/far-east-extreme-how-to-train-your-mermaid-in-a-manhole/|archive-date=11 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Sources differ on whether it is the fourth or sixth film in the series.<ref name=gphistory /><ref name=davies /><ref name=ehrenreich /> In a 2009 interview with ''[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]'', Hino said that he had "nothing to do with" the fourth ''Guinea Pig'' film,<ref name=vice /> implying that he does not consider ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' to be the fourth entry in the series. However, Stephen Biro, co-founder of the home video distribution company [[Unearthed Films]], listed ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' as the fourth film in the series.<ref name=gphistory /> In his book ''The Encyclopedia of Japanese Horror Films'', Salvador Jimenez Murguía claims that it was "the sixth ''Guinea Pig'' film to be produced, although it was released fourth."{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=134}}
+{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole''|ギニーピッグ マンホールの中の人魚|Ginī Piggu: Manhōru no Naka no Ningyo}} is a 1988<ref name=gphistory /><ref name=dvdtalk3 />{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=134}} film written and directed by Hideshi Hino, based again on his horror manga works.{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}}<ref name=ehrenreich>{{cite web|last=Ehrenreich|first=Alex|url=https://rue-morgue.com/far-east-extreme-how-to-train-your-mermaid-in-a-manhole/|title=Far East Extreme: How to train your "Mermaid in a Manhole"|date=25 March 2019|work=[[Rue Morgue (magazine)|Rue Morgue]]|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711162825/https://rue-morgue.com/far-east-extreme-how-to-train-your-mermaid-in-a-manhole/|archive-date=11 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Sources differ on whether it is the fourth or sixth film in the series.<ref name=gphistory /><ref name="Davies 2015" /><ref name=ehrenreich /> In a 2009 interview with ''[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]'', Hino said that he had "nothing to do with" the fourth ''Guinea Pig'' film,<ref name=vice /> implying that he does not consider ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' to be the fourth entry in the series. However, Stephen Biro, co-founder of the home video distribution company [[Unearthed Films]], listed ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' as the fourth film in the series.<ref name=gphistory /> In his book ''The Encyclopedia of Japanese Horror Films'', Salvador Jimenez Murguía claims that it was "the sixth ''Guinea Pig'' film to be produced, although it was released fourth."{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=134}}
-The plot of ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' follows an artist who has become estranged from his wife. One day while visiting the sewers beneath the streets of [[Okinawa, Okinawa|Okinawa]], he encounters a [[mermaid]] that he had once met as a child.<ref name=ehrenreich /> After noticing that she has boils growing on her body, the artist takes her back to his home, and after a brief period of time, the mermaid develops [[lacerations]] and begins to bleed. The artist uses the blood and pus from the wounds to paint her portrait, but as he does so her condition worsens, and she eventually dies.{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=134}}
+The plot of ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' follows an artist who has become estranged from his wife. One day while visiting the sewers beneath the streets of [[Okinawa, Okinawa|Okinawa]], he encounters a [[mermaid]] that he had once met as a child.<ref name=ehrenreich /> After noticing that she has boils growing on her body, the artist offers to help her, and brings the mermaid to his house to continue illustrating her. Over time, her illness gets worse, and eventually she begins suffering the symptoms of a horrendous [[infestation]] in which countless worms of various sizes burst out of the boils on her body. On the verge of death, she begs the artist to kill her, and he does, stabbing her to death then dismembering her body. Later, the artist's two neighbours, who were intrigued by what the artist had been doing after one of them found a fish head in the trash, go to investigate, but flee after they come across the artist holding the pieces of the mermaid while listlessly singing about her death.
+When the local police take control of the scene and investigate, they find that instead of the dismembered body being that of a mermaid, it is that of a human woman. The neighbours are interviewed, and everyone suspects the artist to have killed his wife, a statement which the investigation finds to be true; hallucinating, the [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]] artist had murdered his wife, who had been suffering from [[stomach cancer]]. Now imprisoned, the artist sits, manically muttering to himself about how he was sure he had killed the mermaid. Yet, despite all the evidence against it, a single scale was found in the bathtub in the artist's house, belonging to an unidentified species.{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=134}}
+Unlike its predecessors, ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' is more of a [[body horror]] film, has more of a storyline and has a tone that is significantly more poignant and falls more into the [[tragedy]] genre than the other films in the series. For these reasons, ''Mermaid in a Manhole'' is generally considered to be one of the best films in the series and is a fan favorite.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://letterboxd.com/film/guinea-pig-mermaid-in-the-manhole/ | title=Guinea Pig: Mermaid in the Manhole (1988) }}</ref>
 ===''Android of Notre Dame'' (1988)===
-{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Android of Notre Dame''|ギニーピッグ ノートルダムのアンドロイド|Ginī Piggu: Nōtorudamu no Andoroido}} is a 1988<ref name=gphistory /><ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Guinea Pig Devil's Experiment / Android of Notre Dame|others=Satoru Ogura (producer)|year=2004|type=DVD, back cover|publisher=[[Unearthed Films]]}}</ref> film directed by Kazuhito Kuramoto.<ref name=dvdtalk1 />{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}} It revolves around a scientist who tries to find a cure for his sister's grave illness. The scientist needs a "[[Human subject research|guinea pig]]" to perform experiments on. A stranger approaches the scientist, offering of a body for the experiments, for which the scientist will pay. When the experiments do not go well, the scientist becomes enraged and hacks the body to pieces. The stranger approaches the scientist again and supplies another body so the experiments can continue.
+{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Android of Notre Dame''|ギニーピッグ ノートルダムのアンドロイド|Ginī Piggu: Nōtorudamu no Andoroido}} is a 1988<ref name=gphistory /><ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Guinea Pig Devil's Experiment / Android of Notre Dame|others=Satoru Ogura (producer)|year=2004|type=DVD, back cover|publisher=[[Unearthed Films]]}}</ref> film directed by Kazuhito Kuramoto.<ref name=dvdtalk1 />{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}} It revolves around a scientist who tries to find a cure for his sister's grave illness. The scientist needs a "[[Human subject research|guinea pig]]" to perform experiments on. A stranger approaches the scientist, offering a body for the experiments, for which the scientist will pay. When the experiments do not go well, the scientist becomes enraged and hacks the body to pieces. The stranger approaches the scientist again and supplies another body so the experiments can continue.
 ===''Devil Woman Doctor'' (1990)===
-{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Devil Woman Doctor''|ギニーピッグ ピーターの悪魔の女医さん|Ginī Piggu: Pītā no Akuma no Joi-san}} is a 1990<ref name=gphistory /><ref name=davies />{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}} film directed by Hajime Tabe.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}} Much like ''Mermaid in a Manhole'', sources differ on whether ''Devil Woman Doctor'' is the fourth or sixth entry in the series.<ref name=figueroa /><ref name=davies /> The front cover art for the [[VHS]] release of the film by Sai Enterprise describes it as the fourth film in the series.<ref name=severed>{{cite web|url=http://severed-cinema.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=258&Itemid=26|title=MAD World: A Closer look at the Guinea Pig films on VHS|last=Parton|first=Chip|date=10 February 2010|website=Severed Cinema|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225125837/http://severed-cinema.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=258&Itemid=26|archive-date=25 February 2010}}</ref>{{Better source|date=December 2019}} According to Salvador Jimenez Murguía: "despite being chronologically labeled as the fourth in the series, [''Devil Woman Doctor''] is often referred to as the final [''Guinea Pig''] film."{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=107}}
+{{nihongo|''Guinea Pig: Devil Woman Doctor''|ギニーピッグ ピーターの悪魔の女医さん|Ginī Piggu: Pītā no Akuma no Joi-san}} is a 1990<ref name=gphistory /><ref name="Davies 2015" />{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}} film directed by Hajime Tabe.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35}} Much like ''Mermaid in a Manhole'', sources differ on whether ''Devil Woman Doctor'' is the fourth or sixth entry in the series.<ref name=figueroa /><ref name="Davies 2015" /> The front cover art for the [[VHS]] release of the film by Sai Enterprise describes it as the fourth film in the series.<ref name=severed>{{cite web|url=http://severed-cinema.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=258&Itemid=26|title=MAD World: A Closer look at the Guinea Pig films on VHS|last=Parton|first=Chip|date=10 February 2010|website=Severed Cinema|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225125837/http://severed-cinema.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=258&Itemid=26|archive-date=25 February 2010}}</ref>{{Better source|date=December 2019}} According to Salvador Jimenez Murguía: "despite being chronologically labeled as the fourth in the series, [''Devil Woman Doctor''] is often referred to as the final [''Guinea Pig''] film."{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=107}}
-''Devil Woman Doctor'' tells the story of a female doctor played by Japanese [[drag (clothing)|drag]] actor [[Peter (actor)|Peter]].{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}}{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=107}}{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=36}} The film takes the form of several vignettes in which she "treats" her patients by mutilating them, eating them, or, in the case of a dysfunctional family, causing them to explode.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=39–40}}{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=36}} Rather than horror, the tone of this installment is more akin to extremely violent [[slapstick]] comedy.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35, 39}}{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=36}}
+''Devil Woman Doctor'' tells the story of a female doctor played by Japanese [[drag (clothing)|drag]] actor [[Peter (actor)|Peter]].{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=35}}{{sfn|Murguía|2016|p=107}}{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=36}} The film takes the form of several vignettes in which she encounters numerous patients, including a family whose heads explode if they get upset and a woman whose heart explodes when she becomes scared, a man with [[dissociative identity disorder]] who finds a new life as a street comedian, a [[yakuza]] member who has a sentient tumour with a human face growing on his stomach, and a [[zombie]] who lives a relatively normal life with his still-living girlfriend. The doctor then saves a woman from an animate internal organ before meeting a man who [[Hematidrosis|sweats blood]], and attempts to remove a living tattoo from another patient, who she eventually has to [[flaying|flay alive]] to finally remove the troublesome ink. In the final scene, a group of four men discuss their particularly bizarre conditions. The first patient produces [[soybean paste]] under his feet and can spit eggs containing infant aliens from his mouth, the second has an elastic penis, the third constantly emits smoke from his body, and the fourth has a heart which moves around inside him. The Devil Woman Doctor then arrives on the scene and proclaims to the audience that each of the four conditions presented by the patients are incurable. As the credits roll, several of the film's characters hit each other with metal discs coated in sharp metal spikes, causing large amounts of blood to spurt from them, though no one appears to be seriously injured despite the graphic scene.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=39–40}}{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=36}} Rather than horror, the tone of this installment is more akin to extremely violent and surreal [[slapstick]] comedy.{{sfn|McRoy|2007|p=35, 39}}{{sfn|Harper|2009|p=36}}
 ==Other releases==
@@ Line 74: / Line 79: @@
 {{Expand-section|date=December 2019}}
 As a tribute to the ''Guinea Pig'' series, Unearthed Films began producing a horror film series known as ''American Guinea Pig''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comingsoon.net/horror/news/743303-american-guinea-pig-series-made-can-stomach-grisly-trailer|title=An American Guinea Pig Series is Being Made – Can You Stomach the Grisly Trailer?|last=Turek|first=Ryan|date=16 September 2014|website=ComingSoon.net|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227210811/https://www.comingsoon.net/horror/news/743303-american-guinea-pig-series-made-can-stomach-grisly-trailer|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/68786/bouquet-guts-gore-ushers-american-guinea-pig-series/|title=Bouquet of Guts and Gore Ushers in American Guinea Pig Series|last=Squires|first=John|date=17 September 2014|website=[[Dread Central]]|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227210952/https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/68786/bouquet-guts-gore-ushers-american-guinea-pig-series/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The films in this series are as follows: ''American Guinea Pig: Bouquet of Guts and Gore'' (2014),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/79668/american-guinea-pig-bouquet-guts-gore-2014/|title=American Guinea Pig: Bouquet of Guts and Gore (2014)|last=Boiselle|first=Matt|date=21 November 2014|website=[[Dread Central]]|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227210909/https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/79668/american-guinea-pig-bouquet-guts-gore-2014/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> ''American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock'' (2015),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/147289/exclusive-images-from-american-guinea-pig-bloodshock/|title=Exclusive Images from American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock|last=Moore|first=Debi|date=19 January 2016|website=[[Dread Central]]|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227211024/https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/147289/exclusive-images-from-american-guinea-pig-bloodshock/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/165214/review-american-guinea-pig-bloodshock-2016/|title=American Guinea Pig: Bloodshock|author=Mr. Dark|date=16 May 2016|website=[[Dread Central]]|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227210911/https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/165214/review-american-guinea-pig-bloodshock-2016/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> ''American Guinea Pig: The Song of Solomon'' (2017),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comingsoon.net/horror/features/856735-american-guinea-pig-the-song-of-solomon-red-band-trailer-will-make-you-sick|title=American Guinea Pig: The Song of Solomon Red Band Trailer Will Make You Sick!|last=Alexander|first=Chris|date=8 June 2017|website=ComingSoon.net|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227210810/https://www.comingsoon.net/horror/features/856735-american-guinea-pig-the-song-of-solomon-red-band-trailer-will-make-you-sick|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> and ''American Guinea Pig: Sacrifice'' (2017).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/228833/american-guinea-pig-4-sacrifice/|title=American Guinea Pig 4: Sacrifice|author=Mr. Dark|date=19 May 2017|website=[[Dread Central]]|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227210819/https://www.dreadcentral.com/reviews/228833/american-guinea-pig-4-sacrifice/|archive-date=27 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
+==See also==
+* [[Japanese horror]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 85: / Line 93: @@
 ==External links==
 {{div col}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161634|Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q692244|title=Guinea Pig: Devil's Experiment}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161635|Guinea Pig 2: Flower of Flesh and Blood}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q676182|title=Guinea Pig 2: Flower of Flesh and Blood}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161636|Guinea Pig 3: He Never Dies}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q1589396|title=Guinea Pig 3: He Never Dies}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161638|Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q1466775|title=Guinea Pig: Mermaid in a Manhole}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161633|Guinea Pig: Android of Notre Dame}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q512494|title=Guinea Pig: Android of Notre Dame}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161639|Guinea Pig: Devil Woman Doctor}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q1206808|title=Guinea Pig: Devil Woman Doctor}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161641|Making of Guinea Pig}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q10323260|title=Making of Guinea Pig}}
-* {{IMDb title|1433537|Making of Devil Woman Doctor}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q127689084|title=Making of Devil Woman Doctor}}
-* {{IMDb title|0161640|Guinea Pig: Slaughter Special}}
+* {{IMDb title|qid=Q1668635|title=Guinea Pig: Slaughter Special}}
 {{div col end}}
 [[Category:Direct-to-video film series]]
 [[Category:Film series introduced in 1985]]
+[[Category:Films about kidnapping]]
 [[Category:Horror film series]]
 [[Category:Japanese horror films]]
 [[Category:Japanese film series]]
+[[Category:Japanese splatter films]]
 [[Category:Live-action films based on manga]]
-[[Category:Films about kidnapping]]
 [[Category:Obscenity controversies in film]]
-[[Category:Splatter films]]