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{{short description|British artist}}{{Infobox person
{{short description|British sculptor}}
⚫
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
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{{Use British English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mary Thornycroft
| name = Mary Thornycroft
| image =
| image = Mary Thornycroft by Maull & Polybank,1864.jpg
| caption = Mary Thornycroft, 1864, albumen print (carte-de-visite) by Maull & Polybank, Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC.
| caption = Mary Thornycroft, 1864, albumen print (carte-de-visite) by Maull & Polybank, Dept. of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC.
| birth_date = 1809
| birth_name = Mary Francis
| death_date = 1895
| birth_date = 1809
| birth_place = [[Thornham, Norfolk]], England
| death_date = {{death year and age|1895|1809}}
| death_place =
| nationality = British
| nationality = British
| occupation = Sculptor
| occupation = Sculptor
}}
}}


'''Mary Thornycroft''' (née '''Francis'''; 1809 – 1 February 1895) was a British sculptor who sculpted many different busts, fragments and statues.<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=27368|title=Thornycroft, Mary|first=Nancy|last=Proctor}}</ref> She frequently choose infants and children as her subjects and was commissioned by Queen Victoria to create a number of statues and portraits of her children and other members of the royal family. Several of these are now in the British [[Royal Collection]].
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2012}}
⚫
{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}
'''Mary Thornycroft''' (née '''Francis''') (1809 &ndash; 1 February 1895) was a British [[sculpture|sculptor]]<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=27368|title=Thornycroft, Mary|first=Nancy|last=Proctor}}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
The daughter of sculptor [[John Francis (sculptor)|John Francis]] and his wife Mary, Thornycroft was born at [[Thornham, Norfolk|Thornham]] in [[Norfolk]]. She studied [[sculpture]] under her father, and exhibited her works at the [[Royal Academy of Arts]] at age 21.<ref name=DNB>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Thornycroft, Mary|volume=56}}</ref>
The daughter of sculptor [[John Francis (sculptor)|John Francis]] and his wife Mary, Thornycroft was born at [[Thornham, Norfolk|Thornham]] in [[Norfolk]]. She studied sculpture under her father, and first exhibited a work, a bust of him, at the [[Royal Academy]] in London in 1835, aged 21.<ref name=DNB>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Thornycroft, Mary|volume=56}}</ref><ref name="RGunnis">{{cite book|author=Robert Gunnis |publisher=The Abbey Library|year=1951|title=Dictionary of British Sculpture 1660-1851|isbn=}}</ref> Her 1839 exhibition piece, ''The Orphan Flowergirl'' received good reviews.<ref name="RGunnis"/>


In 1840, she married [[Thomas Thornycroft]], a student of her father. The couple travelled to Italy and lived and worked for a time in Rome. While in Rome, Mary Thornycroft became friends with the sculptors [[Bertel Thorvaldsen]] and [[John Gibson (sculptor)|John Gibson]]. On her return to London, Gibson recommended her services to [[Queen Victoria]].
In 1840, she married [[Thomas Thornycroft]], a student of her father. The couple travelled to Italy and lived and worked in Rome for some years.<ref name="RGunnis"/> While in Rome, Mary Thornycroft became friends with the sculptors [[Bertel Thorvaldsen]] and [[John Gibson (sculptor)|John Gibson]]. On her return to London, Gibson recommended her services to [[Queen Victoria]].<ref name="RGunnis"/> Gibson's recommendation marked the beginning of a sequence of royal commissions for Thornycroft lasting from 1844 to 1877. These included ''The Four Seasons'', a series of life-size statues of Victoria's children that were much praised and reproduced as engravings and in several art journals.<ref name="RGunnis"/> The drawing-room at [[Osborne House]] contained nine life-size marble statues of the young princes and princesses that were modeled by Thornycroft. She also created busts of the Queen in 1840, of the Duchess of Gloucester and, in 1846, of the Prince of Wales.<ref name="RGunnis"/> Her 1863 bust of Princess Alexandra, Princess of Wales was reproduced in [[Parian ware]] for the domestic retail market.<ref name="RGunnis"/>


⚫
Thornycroft also executed a number of busts of private individuals, as well as a few ideal statues. Among the latter is her figure of a ''Skipping Girl''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/object.php?id=msib2_1202434754 |title= 'The Skipping Girl' |website= Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951, University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII |year= 2011 |access-date= 2 August 2011}}</ref> She was a regular exhibitor at the Royal Academy from 1835 until 1871 and at the [[British Institution]] from 1845 to 1864.<ref name="RGunnis"/>
Moreover, Gibson’s recommendation of Mary is what marked the beginning of her sequence of royal commissions lasting from 1844-1877.


Mary Thornycroft's primary artistic practice was sculpture in marble and sometimes bronze. Her style was naturalistic with details that displayed the personal expressions of her subjects. As a woman her commissions were limited therefore, she capitalized on her craft on subjects that were easily reachable for her to study, notably infants and children. This was an advantage because this is how she gained her notable royal commissions.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Penny McCracken|date=1996|title=Sculptor Mary Thornycroft and Her Artist Children|journal=Woman's Art Journal|volume=17|issue=2|pages=3–8|doi=10.2307/1358460|jstor=1358460|issn=0270-7993}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sculptures - Mary Thornycroft and Abraham Kent|url=https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/sculptures-mary-thornycroft/1wHgCiGMcnlvBA|website=Google Arts & Culture|language=en|access-date=2020-05-19}}</ref> She worked with her husband on a frequent basis making attribution of individual pieces sometimes difficult. It is known that the couple, along with their son [[Hamo Thornycroft]], worked together during 1875 on ''The Poets' Fountain'' at [[Hyde Park Corner]] in central London and which was damaged beyond repair in a World War II air raid.<ref name="RGunnis"/>
⚫
Thornycroft created numerous [[Bust (sculpture)|busts]] and statues for the Queen, chiefly of the royal children. The drawing-room at [[Osborne House]] contained nine life-size [[marble]] statues of the young princes and princesses that were modeled by Thornycroft. She also executed a number of busts of private individuals, as well as a few ideal statues. Among the latter is her well-known figure of a ‘Skipping Girl’.<ref>[http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/object.php?id=msib2_1202434754, 'The Skipping Girl', ''Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951'', University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII, online database 2011, accessed 2 Aug 2011]</ref> Most of her works were portraits of the royal children that were commissioned by Queen Victoria.


Thornycroft gave sculpting lessons to Princess Louise who was one of Queen Victoria’s daughters, she eventually became a sculptor herself.<ref name="ODNB">{{ODNBweb|id=27368|title=Thornycroft, Mary|first=Nancy|last=Proctor}}</ref>
Thornycroft gave sculpting lessons to [[Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll|Princess Louise]] who was one of Queen Victoria's daughters and who became a notable sculptor in her own right.<ref name="ODNB">{{ODNBweb|id=27368|title=Thornycroft, Mary|first=Nancy|last=Proctor}}</ref>

Thornycroft died on February 1<sup>st</sup>, 1895.[1]


==Family==
==Family==
The Thornycrofts had six children who grew to adulthood, two sons (Hamo and John Isaac), and four daughters (Alyce, Theresa, Helen and Frances). [[Hamo Thornycroft]] became a sculptor while daughters Alyce, [[Theresa Thornycroft]], and [[Helen Thornycroft]] became artists. [[John Isaac Thornycroft]] became a [[marine engineering|marine engineer]].<ref name=ODNB/>
The Thornycrofts had six children who grew to adulthood, two sons (Hamo and John Isaac), and four daughters (Alyce, Theresa, Helen and Frances). [[Hamo Thornycroft]] became a sculptor while daughters Alyce, [[Theresa Thornycroft]], and [[Helen Thornycroft]] became artists. [[John Isaac Thornycroft]] became a [[marine engineering|marine engineer]].<ref name=ODNB/> The Thornycrofts were the grandparents of [[Siegfried Sassoon]], the war poet, through their daughter Theresa, who married Alfred Ezra Sassoon.<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=35953|title=Sassoon, Siegfried Loraine|first=Rupert|last=Hart-Davis}}</ref>

The Thornycrofts were the grandparents of [[Siegfried Sassoon]], the war poet, through their daughter Theresa, who married Alfred Ezra Sassoon.<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=35953|title=Sassoon, Siegfried Loraine|first=Rupert|last=Hart-Davis}}</ref>

== Artworks ==

=== Early work ===
Mary Thornycroft was hired as a sculptor by Queen Victoria. Thornycroft sculpted many different busts,fragments, and sculptures that are now within the Royal Collection. Her first ever sculpture that was exhibited in the Royal Collection was a bust of her father in 1835. As a woman, she had a limited choice of commissions, but she took the opportunity to choose infants and children as her subjects.

One specific collection called "The Four Seasons" was intended to be carried out by John Gibson; however, he was unavailable for the commission and referred Thornycroft for the job. Her work on the "Four Seasons" collection launched her career as an artist. Through this opportunity she became a significant commissioner for the Royal Collection from years 1844 to 1877.{{fact|date=August 2020}}

⚫
=== The Four Seasons ===


== Selected artworks ==
⚫
=== ''The Four Seasons'' ===
* Victoria (1840-1901), Princess Royal as 'Summer' c.1850-70 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/25/collection/53263/victoria-1840-1901-princess-royal-as-summer</nowiki>
* Victoria (1840-1901), Princess Royal as 'Summer' c.1850-70 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/25/collection/53263/victoria-1840-1901-princess-royal-as-summer</nowiki>
* Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (1841-1910) as 'Winter' c. 1850 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/28/collection/53090/albert-edward-prince-of-wales-1841-1910-as-winter</nowiki>
* Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (1841-1910) as 'Winter' c. 1850 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/28/collection/53090/albert-edward-prince-of-wales-1841-1910-as-winter</nowiki>
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* Prince Alfred (1844-1900) as 'Autumn' 1847 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/15/collection/1566/prince-alfred-1844-1900-as-autumn</nowiki>
* Prince Alfred (1844-1900) as 'Autumn' 1847 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/15/collection/1566/prince-alfred-1844-1900-as-autumn</nowiki>
* Princess Alice (1843-1878) as 'Spring' c.1850-70 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/47/collection/53097/princess-alice-1843-1878-as-spring</nowiki>
* Princess Alice (1843-1878) as 'Spring' c.1850-70 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/47/collection/53097/princess-alice-1843-1878-as-spring</nowiki>

=== Primary Style ===
Mary Thornycroft's primary artistic practice was sculpture. Three main categories of her practice were busts, fragments, and full body compositions. The materials she specialized with were marble and sometimes bronze. Thornycroft's style was naturalistic and she could execute the age of the subject very well. The details that she accomplished in her sculptures actively displayed personalized expressions of each subject she sculpted. Due to her being a woman her commissions were limited therefore, she capitalized on her craft on subjects that were easily reachable for her to study these subjects being infants and children. This was an advantage because this is how she gained these notable commissions.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCracken|first=Penny|date=1996|title=Sculptor Mary Thornycroft and Her Artist Children|journal=Woman's Art Journal|volume=17|issue=2|pages=3–8|doi=10.2307/1358460|jstor=1358460|issn=0270-7993}}</ref>

She was well known for her commission of ''Four Seasons'' as well as, her sculpture ''Skipping Girl'' and ''Skipping Rope''. Her fragment sculptures are interesting and were requested upon Queen Victoria. These fragments were to capture the likeness and act of souvenirs of her children. These are interesting due to them being made of marble, which is associated with funerary ideas. However, all of Queen Victoria’s children survived past childhood.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sculptures - Mary Thornycroft and Abraham Kent|url=https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/sculptures-mary-thornycroft/1wHgCiGMcnlvBA|website=Google Arts & Culture|language=en|access-date=2020-05-19}}</ref>

The details that she accomplished in her sculptures actively displayed personalized expressions of each subject she sculpted. Her style of each sculpture evoke "ideal" figures.


=== Busts ===
=== Busts ===

* Prince Alfred: <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/30/collection/2112/prince-alfred-1844-1900</nowiki>
* Prince Alfred: <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/30/collection/2112/prince-alfred-1844-1900</nowiki>
* Alexandria, Princess of Wales: <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/21/collection/2094/alexandra-princess-of-wales-1844-1925</nowiki>
* Alexandria, Princess of Wales: <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/21/collection/2094/alexandra-princess-of-wales-1844-1925</nowiki>
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=== Fragments ===
=== Fragments ===

* -Leg and Foot of Prince Alfred : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/5/collection/42012/leg-and-foot-of-prince-alfred</nowiki>
* -Leg and Foot of Prince Alfred : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/5/collection/42012/leg-and-foot-of-prince-alfred</nowiki>
* -Princess Helena : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/8/collection/42014/princess-helena-1846-1923</nowiki>
* -Princess Helena : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/8/collection/42014/princess-helena-1846-1923</nowiki>
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* -Prince Alfred : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/58/collection/34581/prince-alfred-1844-1900</nowiki>
* -Prince Alfred : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/58/collection/34581/prince-alfred-1844-1900</nowiki>


=== Full Body Compositions ===
=== Full Body compositions ===

* Victoria (1868-1935) and Maud (1869-1938) of Wales signed & dated 1877 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/61/collection/2073/victoria-1868-1935-and-maud-1869-1938-of-wales</nowiki>
* Victoria (1868-1935) and Maud (1869-1938) of Wales signed & dated 1877 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/61/collection/2073/victoria-1868-1935-and-maud-1869-1938-of-wales</nowiki>
* Louise of Wales (1867-1931) signed & dated 1877 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/60/collection/2072/louise-of-wales-1867-1931</nowiki>
* Louise of Wales (1867-1931) signed & dated 1877 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/60/collection/2072/louise-of-wales-1867-1931</nowiki>
Line 89: Line 72:
* Princess Louise (1848-1939) as 'Plenty' signed & dated 1857 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/36/collection/2171/princess-louise-1848-1939-as-plenty</nowiki>
* Princess Louise (1848-1939) as 'Plenty' signed & dated 1857 : <nowiki>https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/36/collection/2171/princess-louise-1848-1939-as-plenty</nowiki>


==Notes==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

⚫
;Attribution
⚫
{{DNB|wstitle=Thornycroft, Mary|volume=56}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Art UK bio}}
* {{NPG name|name=Mary Thornycroft (née Francis)}}
* {{NPG name|name=Mary Thornycroft (née Francis)}}

⚫
;Attribution
⚫
{{DNB|wstitle=Thornycroft, Mary|volume=56}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1809 births]]
[[Category:1809 births]]
[[Category:1895 deaths]]
[[Category:1895 deaths]]
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[[Category:19th-century English sculptors]]
[[Category:19th-century English women artists]]
[[Category:English women sculptors]]
[[Category:People from Norfolk]]
[[Category:Thornycroft family|Mary]]
[[Category:Thornycroft family|Mary]]
⚫
[[Category:19th-century British sculptors]]


{{UK-sculptor-stub}}

Latest revision as of 15:25, 14 June 2023

Mary Thornycroft
Mary Thornycroft, 1864, albumen print (carte-de-visite) by Maull & Polybank, Dept. of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC.
Born
Mary Francis

1809
Thornham, Norfolk, England
Died1895 (aged 85–86)
NationalityBritish
OccupationSculptor

Mary Thornycroft (née Francis; 1809 – 1 February 1895) was a British sculptor who sculpted many different busts, fragments and statues.[1] She frequently choose infants and children as her subjects and was commissioned by Queen Victoria to create a number of statues and portraits of her children and other members of the royal family. Several of these are now in the British Royal Collection.

Biography

[edit]

The daughter of sculptor John Francis and his wife Mary, Thornycroft was born at Thornham in Norfolk. She studied sculpture under her father, and first exhibited a work, a bust of him, at the Royal Academy in London in 1835, aged 21.[2][3] Her 1839 exhibition piece, The Orphan Flowergirl received good reviews.[3]

In 1840, she married Thomas Thornycroft, a student of her father. The couple travelled to Italy and lived and worked in Rome for some years.[3] While in Rome, Mary Thornycroft became friends with the sculptors Bertel Thorvaldsen and John Gibson. On her return to London, Gibson recommended her services to Queen Victoria.[3] Gibson's recommendation marked the beginning of a sequence of royal commissions for Thornycroft lasting from 1844 to 1877. These included The Four Seasons, a series of life-size statues of Victoria's children that were much praised and reproduced as engravings and in several art journals.[3] The drawing-room at Osborne House contained nine life-size marble statues of the young princes and princesses that were modeled by Thornycroft. She also created busts of the Queen in 1840, of the Duchess of Gloucester and, in 1846, of the Prince of Wales.[3] Her 1863 bust of Princess Alexandra, Princess of Wales was reproduced in Parian ware for the domestic retail market.[3]

Thornycroft also executed a number of busts of private individuals, as well as a few ideal statues. Among the latter is her figure of a Skipping Girl.[4] She was a regular exhibitor at the Royal Academy from 1835 until 1871 and at the British Institution from 1845 to 1864.[3]

Mary Thornycroft's primary artistic practice was sculpture in marble and sometimes bronze. Her style was naturalistic with details that displayed the personal expressions of her subjects. As a woman her commissions were limited therefore, she capitalized on her craft on subjects that were easily reachable for her to study, notably infants and children. This was an advantage because this is how she gained her notable royal commissions.[5][6] She worked with her husband on a frequent basis making attribution of individual pieces sometimes difficult. It is known that the couple, along with their son Hamo Thornycroft, worked together during 1875 on The Poets' Fountain at Hyde Park Corner in central London and which was damaged beyond repair in a World War II air raid.[3]

Thornycroft gave sculpting lessons to Princess Louise who was one of Queen Victoria's daughters and who became a notable sculptor in her own right.[7]

Family

[edit]

The Thornycrofts had six children who grew to adulthood, two sons (Hamo and John Isaac), and four daughters (Alyce, Theresa, Helen and Frances). Hamo Thornycroft became a sculptor while daughters Alyce, Theresa Thornycroft, and Helen Thornycroft became artists. John Isaac Thornycroft became a marine engineer.[7] The Thornycrofts were the grandparents of Siegfried Sassoon, the war poet, through their daughter Theresa, who married Alfred Ezra Sassoon.[8]

Selected artworks

[edit]

The Four Seasons

[edit]
  • Victoria (1840-1901), Princess Royal as 'Summer' c.1850-70 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/25/collection/53263/victoria-1840-1901-princess-royal-as-summer
  • Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (1841-1910) as 'Winter' c. 1850 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/28/collection/53090/albert-edward-prince-of-wales-1841-1910-as-winter
  • Prince Alfred (1844-1900) as 'Autumn' c.1847 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/13/collection/34682/prince-alfred-1844-1900-as-autumn
  • Victoria (1840-1901), Princess Royal, as 'Summer' signed & dated 1847 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/14/collection/1565/victoria-1840-1901-princess-royal-as-summer
  • Albert Edward (1841-1910), Prince of Wales, as 'Winter'. c.1847 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/16/collection/1567/albert-edward-1841-1910-prince-of-wales-as-winter
  • Prince Alfred (1844-1900) as 'Autumn' 1847 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/15/collection/1566/prince-alfred-1844-1900-as-autumn
  • Princess Alice (1843-1878) as 'Spring' c.1850-70 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/47/collection/53097/princess-alice-1843-1878-as-spring

Busts

[edit]
  • Prince Alfred: https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/30/collection/2112/prince-alfred-1844-1900
  • Alexandria, Princess of Wales: https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/21/collection/2094/alexandra-princess-of-wales-1844-1925
  • -Princess Alice https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/9/collection/2086/princess-alice-1843-1878-0
  • -Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna, Duchess of Edinburgh: https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/3/collection/2092/grand-duchess-marie-alexandrovna-duchess-of-edinburgh-1853-1920
  • -Albert, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein: https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/44/collection/2101/albert-duke-of-schleswig-holstein-1869-1931
  • -Princess Helena: https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/53/collection/41292/princess-helena-1846-1923
  • -Princess Louise: https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/54/collection/41293/princess-louise-1848-1939

Fragments

[edit]
  • -Leg and Foot of Prince Alfred : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/5/collection/42012/leg-and-foot-of-prince-alfred
  • -Princess Helena : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/8/collection/42014/princess-helena-1846-1923
  • -Princess Beatrice : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/6/collection/55236/princess-beatrice-1857-1944
  • -Left arm and Hand of Princess Louise : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/2/collection/34578/left-arm-and-hand-of-princess-louise
  • -Prince Leopold : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/10/collection/34357/prince-leopold-1853-1884
  • -Prince Alfred : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/58/collection/34581/prince-alfred-1844-1900

Full Body compositions

[edit]
  • Victoria (1868-1935) and Maud (1869-1938) of Wales signed & dated 1877 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/61/collection/2073/victoria-1868-1935-and-maud-1869-1938-of-wales
  • Louise of Wales (1867-1931) signed & dated 1877 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/60/collection/2072/louise-of-wales-1867-1931
  • Princess Louise (1848-1939) as 'Plenty' c.1853-70 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/51/collection/53089/princess-louise-1848-1939-as-plenty
  • Princess Helena (1846-1923) as 'Peace' c.1850-70 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/46/collection/53096/princess-helena-1846-1923-as-peace
  • Prince Arthur (1850-1942) as a Hunter. c.1850-70 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/48/collection/53098/prince-arthur-1850-1942-as-a-hunter
  • Prince Leopold (1853-1884) as a Fisher Boy c.1860 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/44/collection/53088/prince-leopold-1853-1884-as-a-fisher-boy
  • Prince Leopold (1853-1884) as a Fisher Boy c.1858-60 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/42/collection/41290/prince-leopold-1853-1884-as-a-fisher-boy
  • Prince Arthur (1850-1942) as a Hunter 1859 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/41/collection/41285/prince-arthur-1850-1942-as-a-hunter
  • Princess Beatrice (1857-1944) in the Nautilus Shell signed & dated 1858 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/38/collection/41291/princess-beatrice-1857-1944-in-the-nautilus-shell
  • Princess Helena (1846-1923) as 'Peace' signed & dated 1856 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/34/collection/41295/princess-helena-1846-1923-as-peace
  • Princess Helena (1846-1923) as 'Peace' signed & dated 1857 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/35/collection/2170/princess-helena-1846-1923-as-peace
  • Princess Louise (1848-1939) as 'Plenty' signed & dated 1857 : https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/36/collection/2171/princess-louise-1848-1939-as-plenty

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Proctor, Nancy. "Thornycroft, Mary". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27368. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1898). "Thornycroft, Mary" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 56. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Robert Gunnis (1951). Dictionary of British Sculpture 1660-1851. The Abbey Library.
  4. ^ "'The Skipping Girl'". Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951, University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII. 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  5. ^ Penny McCracken (1996). "Sculptor Mary Thornycroft and Her Artist Children". Woman's Art Journal. 17 (2): 3–8. doi:10.2307/1358460. ISSN 0270-7993. JSTOR 1358460.
  6. ^ "Sculptures - Mary Thornycroft and Abraham Kent". Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  7. ^ a b Proctor, Nancy. "Thornycroft, Mary". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27368. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  8. ^ Hart-Davis, Rupert. "Sassoon, Siegfried Loraine". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35953. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1898). "Thornycroft, Mary". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 56. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

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