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{{short description|American jazz guitarist}}
{{short description|American jazz guitarist (1944–2017)}}
{{other people||John Abercrombie (disambiguation)}}
{{other people||John Abercrombie (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
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| years_active = 1969–2017
| years_active = 1969–2017
| label = [[ECM Records|ECM]]
| label = [[ECM Records|ECM]]
| associated_acts = [[Dreams (band)|Dreams]], [[Gateway (band)|Gateway]], [[Jack DeJohnette]], [[Ralph Towner]], [[George Mraz]], [[Richie Beirach]], [[Michael Brecker]], [[Marc Johnson (musician)|Marc Johnson]], [[Peter Erskine]], [[Dan Wall]], [[Adam Nussbaum]], [[Andy LaVerne]]
| past_member_of = [[Dreams (band)|Dreams]], [[Gateway (band)|Gateway]]
| website =
| website =
}}
}}


'''John Laird Abercrombie''' (December 16, 1944 – August 22, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist.<ref>{{cite book |last=Robinson |first=J. Bradford |title=The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz |year=2002 |publisher=Grove's Dictionaries |location=New York |isbn=1561592846 |edition=2nd |author2=Kernfeld, Barry |editor=Barry Kernfeld |pages=4–5}}</ref><ref name="RCJE">{{Cite book |last=Cook |first=Richard |year=2005 |title=Richard Cook's Jazz Encyclopedia |url=https://archive.org/details/richardcooksjazz00rich |url-access=registration |publisher=Penguin |location=London |isbn=0-141-00646-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/richardcooksjazz00rich/page/n16 1] }}</ref> His work explored jazz fusion, free jazz, and avant-garde jazz. Abercrombie studied at [[Berklee College of Music]] in Boston, Massachusetts. He was known for his understated style and his work with organ trios.<ref name="New Grove">{{cite web |url=http://0-www.oxfordmusiconline.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu/subscriber/article/grove/music/J000900 |title=CONSORT Libraries |publisher=OxfordMusicOnLine.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2015-03-09}}</ref>
'''John Laird Abercrombie''' (December 16, 1944 – August 22, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist.<ref>{{cite book |last=Robinson |first=J. Bradford |title=The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz |year=2002 |publisher=Grove's Dictionaries |location=New York |isbn=1561592846 |edition=2nd |author2=Kernfeld, Barry |editor=Barry Kernfeld |pages=4–5}}</ref><ref name="RCJE">{{Cite book |last=Cook |first=Richard |year=2005 |title=Richard Cook's Jazz Encyclopedia |url=https://archive.org/details/richardcooksjazz00rich |url-access=registration |publisher=Penguin |location=London |isbn=0-141-00646-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/richardcooksjazz00rich/page/n16 1] }}</ref> His work explored jazz fusion, free jazz, and avant-garde jazz. Abercrombie studied at [[Berklee College of Music]] in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]. He was known for his understated style and his work with organ trios.<ref name="New Grove">{{cite web |url=http://0-www.oxfordmusiconline.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu/subscriber/article/grove/music/J000900 |title=CONSORT Libraries|publisher=OxfordMusicOnLine.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2015-03-09}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:John Abercrombie KJAZ.jpg|thumb|John Abercrombie, KJAZ radio, Alameda, California, August 11, 1981]]
[[File:John Abercrombie KJAZ.jpg|thumb|John Abercrombie, KJAZ radio, Alameda, California, August 11, 1981]]

===Early life and education===
===Early life and education===
John Abercrombie was born on December 16, 1944, in [[Port Chester, New York|Port Chester]], New York.<ref name="New Grove" /> Growing up in the 1950s in [[Greenwich, Connecticut|Greenwich]], Connecticut he was attracted to the rock and roll of [[Chuck Berry]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Fats Domino]], and [[Bill Haley and the Comets]]. He also liked the sound of jazz guitarist [[Mickey Baker]] of the vocal duo Mickey and Silvia. He had two friends who were musicians with a large jazz collection. They played him albums by [[Dave Brubeck]] and [[Miles Davis]].<ref name="Barth">{{cite book |last1=Barth |first1=Joe |title=Voices in Jazz Guitar |date=2006 |publisher=Mel Bay |location=Pacific, Missouri |isbn=0786676795 |pages=1–21 }}</ref> The first jazz guitar album he heard was by [[Barney Kessel]].<ref name="Barth" /><ref name="Bio">{{cite web |url=https://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/johnabercrombie |title=John Abercrombie Biography |website=[[All About Jazz]] |access-date=August 23, 2017}}</ref>
John Abercrombie was born on December 16, 1944, in [[Port Chester, New York|Port Chester]], New York.<ref name="New Grove" /> Growing up in the 1950s in [[Greenwich, Connecticut|Greenwich]], Connecticut he was attracted to the rock and roll of [[Chuck Berry]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Fats Domino]], and [[Bill Haley and the Comets]]. He also liked the sound of jazz guitarist [[Mickey Baker]] of the vocal duo Mickey and Silvia. He had two friends who were musicians with a large jazz collection. They played him albums by [[Dave Brubeck]] and [[Miles Davis]].<ref name="Barth">{{cite book |last1=Barth |first1=Joe |title=Voices in Jazz Guitar |date=2006 |publisher=Mel Bay |location=Pacific, Missouri |isbn=0786676795 |pages=1–21 }}</ref> The first jazz guitar album he heard was by [[Barney Kessel]].<ref name="Barth" /><ref name="Bio">{{cite web |url=https://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/johnabercrombie |title=John Abercrombie Biography |website=[[All About Jazz]] |access-date=August 23, 2017}}</ref>
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He took guitar lessons at the age of ten, asking his teacher to show him what Barney Kessel was playing. After high school, he attended [[Berklee College of Music]].<ref name="Grove Dictionary">{{cite web |url=http://0-www.oxfordmusiconline.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu/subscriber/article/grove/music/A2226773 |title=CONSORT|publisher=OxfordMusicOnLine.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2015-03-09}}</ref> At Berklee, he was drawn to the music of [[Jim Hall (musician)|Jim Hall]], the 1962 album ''[[The Bridge (Sonny Rollins album)|The Bridge]]'' by [[Sonny Rollins]], and [[Wes Montgomery]] on his albums ''[[The Wes Montgomery Trio]]'' (1959) and ''[[Boss Guitar]]'' (1963). He cites [[George Benson]] and [[Pat Martino]] as inspirations.<ref name="Barth" /> He often played with other students at Paul's Mall, a jazz club in Boston connected to a larger club, Jazz Workshop. Appearing at Paul's Mall led to meetings with [[Michael Brecker]], [[Randy Brecker]], and organist [[Johnny Hammond Smith]], who invited him to go on tour.<ref name="New Grove" /><ref name="Bio" />
He took guitar lessons at the age of ten, asking his teacher to show him what Barney Kessel was playing. After high school, he attended [[Berklee College of Music]].<ref name="Grove Dictionary">{{cite web |url=http://0-www.oxfordmusiconline.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu/subscriber/article/grove/music/A2226773 |title=CONSORT|publisher=OxfordMusicOnLine.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2015-03-09}}</ref> At Berklee, he was drawn to the music of [[Jim Hall (musician)|Jim Hall]], the 1962 album ''[[The Bridge (Sonny Rollins album)|The Bridge]]'' by [[Sonny Rollins]], and [[Wes Montgomery]] on his albums ''[[The Wes Montgomery Trio]]'' (1959) and ''[[Boss Guitar]]'' (1963). He cites [[George Benson]] and [[Pat Martino]] as inspirations.<ref name="Barth" /> He often played with other students at Paul's Mall, a jazz club in Boston connected to a larger club, Jazz Workshop. Appearing at Paul's Mall led to meetings with [[Michael Brecker]], [[Randy Brecker]], and organist [[Johnny Hammond Smith]], who invited him to go on tour.<ref name="New Grove" /><ref name="Bio" />


===Dreams and Gateway===
===Stark Reality, Dreams, and Gateway===
Abercrombie graduated from Berklee in 1967 and attended [[North Texas State University]] before moving to New York City in 1969.<ref name="New Grove" /> He became a popular [[session musician]],<ref name="Bio" /> recording with [[Gato Barbieri]] in 1971, [[Barry Miles (musician)|Barry Miles]] in 1972, and [[Gil Evans]] in 1974.<ref name="Grove Dictionary" /> In 1969 he joined the [[Brecker Brothers]] in the jazz-rock fusion band [[Dreams (band)|Dreams]].<ref name="Grove Dictionary" /> He continued to play fusion in [[Billy Cobham]]'s band, but found that he disliked its focus on rock over jazz.<ref name="Barth" /> Nonetheless his reputation grew with the popularity of both Cobham and Dreams. The band shared billing with such acts as the [[Doobie Brothers]], but Abercrombie found his career taking an unwanted direction. "One night we appeared at the Spectrum in Philadelphia and I thought, 'What am I doing here?' It just didn't compute."<ref name="Bio" />
Abercrombie graduated from Berklee in 1967 and attended [[North Texas State University]] before moving to New York City in 1969.<ref name="New Grove" /> Before becoming a popular [[session musician]],<ref name="Bio" /> he joined Monty Stark's band, [[Stark Reality]], in 1969 and recorded several sides including Stark Reality Discovers Hoagy Carmichael's Music Shop. Abercrombie went on to record with [[Gato Barbieri]] in 1971, [[Barry Miles (musician)|Barry Miles]] in 1972, and [[Gil Evans]] in 1974.<ref name="Grove Dictionary" /> In 1969 he joined the [[Brecker Brothers]] in the jazz-rock fusion band [[Dreams (band)|Dreams]].<ref name="Grove Dictionary" /> He continued to play fusion in [[Billy Cobham]]'s band, but found that he disliked its focus on rock over jazz.<ref name="Barth" /> Nonetheless his reputation grew with the popularity of both Cobham and Dreams. The band shared billing with such acts as the [[Doobie Brothers]], but Abercrombie found his career taking an unwanted direction. "One night we appeared at the Spectrum in Philadelphia and I thought, 'What am I doing here?' It just didn't compute."<ref name="Bio" />


An invitation from drummer [[Jack DeJohnette]] led to the fulfillment of Abercrombie's desire to play in a jazz-oriented ensemble. Around the same time, record producer [[Manfred Eicher]], founder and president of [[ECM Records]], invited him to record an album. He recorded his first solo album, ''[[Timeless (John Abercrombie album)|Timeless]]'', with DeJohnette and keyboardist [[Jan Hammer]],<ref name="Barth" /><ref name="New Grove" /> who had been his roommate in the 1960s.<ref name="Barth" /> In 1975 he formed the band [[Gateway (band)|Gateway]] with DeJohnette and bassist [[Dave Holland]], recording the albums ''[[Gateway (Gateway album)|Gateway]]'' (1976) and ''[[Gateway 2]]'' (1978).<ref name="Bio" /> Though Abercrombie would record for other labels going forward, ECM became his mainstay, and his association with that label continued for the rest of his career.
An invitation from drummer [[Jack DeJohnette]] led to the fulfillment of Abercrombie's desire to play in a jazz-oriented ensemble. Around the same time, record producer [[Manfred Eicher]], founder and president of [[ECM Records]], invited him to record an album. He recorded his first solo album, ''[[Timeless (John Abercrombie album)|Timeless]]'', with DeJohnette and keyboardist [[Jan Hammer]],<ref name="Barth" /><ref name="New Grove" /> who had been his roommate in the 1960s.<ref name="Barth" /> In 1975 he formed the band [[Gateway (band)|Gateway]] with DeJohnette and bassist [[Dave Holland (bassist)|Dave Holland]], recording the albums ''[[Gateway (Gateway album)|Gateway]]'' (1976) and ''[[Gateway 2]]'' (1978).<ref name="Bio" /> Though Abercrombie would record for other labels going forward, ECM became his mainstay, and his association with that label continued for the rest of his career.


===Working as a leader===
===Working as a leader===
The Gateway band played songs written by all three members, in a [[free jazz]] style.<ref name="Barth" /> Following his albums as a member of the Gateway trio, Abercrombie moved to playing in a more traditional style, recording for ECM three albums, ''[[Arcade (John Abercrombie album)|Arcade]]'' (1979), ''[[Abercrombie Quartet]]'' (1979), and ''[[M (John Abercrombie Quartet album)|M]]'' (1981) with a quartet that included pianist [[Richie Beirach]], bassist [[George Mraz]], and drummer Peter Donald. Abercrombie said, "it was extremely important to have that group&nbsp;... it was my first opportunity to really be a leader and write consistently for the same group of musicians."<ref name="Bio" /> During the mid-1970s and into the 1980s, he contributed to ensembles led by DeJohnette and participated in other sessions for [[ECM Records|ECM]], occasionally doubling on electric mandolin. He toured with guitarist [[Ralph Towner]] with whom he recorded two albums, ''[[Sargasso Sea (John Abercrombie and Ralph Towner album)|Sargasso Sea]]'' (1976) and ''[[Five Years Later]]'' (1981). During the mid-1980s, he continued to play standards with bassist George Mraz, and he played in a bop duo with guitarist [[John Scofield]].<ref name="New Grove" /> He also appeared on a number of ECM releases in various ensembles with other artists on the label.
The Gateway band played songs written by all three members, in a [[free jazz]] style.<ref name="Barth" /> Following his albums as a member of the Gateway trio, Abercrombie moved to playing in a more traditional style, recording for ECM three albums, ''[[Arcade (John Abercrombie album)|Arcade]]'' (1979), ''[[Abercrombie Quartet]]'' (1979), and ''[[M (John Abercrombie Quartet album)|M]]'' (1981) with a quartet that included pianist [[Richie Beirach]], bassist [[George Mraz]], and drummer Peter Donald. Abercrombie said, "it was extremely important to have that group&nbsp;... it was my first opportunity to really be a leader and write consistently for the same group of musicians."<ref name="Bio" /> During the mid-1970s and into the 1980s, he contributed to ensembles led by DeJohnette and participated in other sessions for ECM, occasionally doubling on electric mandolin. He toured with guitarist [[Ralph Towner]] with whom he recorded two albums, ''[[Sargasso Sea (John Abercrombie and Ralph Towner album)|Sargasso Sea]]'' (1976) and ''[[Five Years Later]]'' (1981). During the mid-1980s, he continued to play standards with bassist George Mraz, and he played in a bop duo with guitarist [[John Scofield]].<ref name="New Grove" /> He also appeared on a number of ECM releases in various ensembles with other artists on the label.


Between 1984 and 1990, Abercrombie experimented with a [[guitar synthesizer]]. He first used the instrument, though not exclusively, in 1984 in a trio with [[Marc Johnson (musician)|Marc Johnson]] on bass and [[Peter Erskine]] on drums, as well as with pianist [[Paul Bley]] in a free jazz group.<ref name="New Grove" /> The synthesizer allowed him to play what he called "louder, more open music." Abercrombie's trio with Johnson and Erskine released three albums during this time showcasing the guitar-synth: ''[[Current Events (album)|Current Events]]'' (1986), ''[[Getting There (album)|Getting There]]'' (1988, with Michael Brecker), and a live album, ''[[John Abercrombie / Marc Johnson / Peter Erskine]]'' (1989).<ref name="Bio" />
Between 1984 and 1990, Abercrombie experimented with a [[guitar synthesizer]]. He first used the instrument, though not exclusively, in 1984 in a trio with [[Marc Johnson (musician)|Marc Johnson]] on bass and [[Peter Erskine]] on drums, as well as with pianist [[Paul Bley]] in a free jazz group.<ref name="New Grove" /> The synthesizer allowed him to play what he called "louder, more open music." Abercrombie's trio with Johnson and Erskine released three albums during this time showcasing the guitar-synth: ''[[Current Events (album)|Current Events]]'' (1986), ''[[Getting There (album)|Getting There]]'' (1988, with Michael Brecker), and a live album, ''[[John Abercrombie / Marc Johnson / Peter Erskine]]'' (1989).<ref name="Bio" />


The 1990s and 2000s marked a time of many new associations. In 1992, Abercrombie, drummer [[Adam Nussbaum]], and Hammond organist Jeff Palmer made a free-jazz album. He then started a trio with Nussbaum and organist Dan Wall and released ''[[While We're Young (album)|While We're Young]]'' (1992), ''[[Speak of the Devil (John Abercrombie album)|Speak of the Devil]]'' (1994), and ''[[Tactics (album)|Tactics]]'' (1997). He added trumpeter [[Kenny Wheeler]], violinist [[Mark Feldman]] and saxophonist [[Joe Lovano]] to the trio to record ''[[Open Land]]'' (1999). The Gateway band reunited for the albums ''[[Homecoming (Gateway album)|Homecoming]]'' (1995) and [[In the Moment (Gateway album)|''In the Moment'']] (1996).
The 1990s and 2000s marked a time of many new associations. In 1992, Abercrombie, drummer [[Adam Nussbaum]], and Hammond organist Jeff Palmer made a free-jazz album. He then started a trio with Nussbaum and organist Dan Wall and released ''[[While We're Young (album)|While We're Young]]'' (1992), ''[[Speak of the Devil (John Abercrombie album)|Speak of the Devil]]'' (1994), and ''[[Tactics (album)|Tactics]]'' (1997). He added trumpeter [[Kenny Wheeler]], violinist [[Mark Feldman]] and saxophonist [[Joe Lovano]] to the trio to record ''[[Open Land]]'' (1999). The Gateway band reunited for the albums ''[[Homecoming (Gateway album)|Homecoming]]'' (1995) and [[In the Moment (Gateway album)|''In the Moment'']] (1996).{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}


Abercrombie continued to tour and record to the end of his life. He also continued to release albums on the ECM label, an association which lasted for more than 40 years. As he said in an interview, "I'd like people to perceive me as having a direct connection to the history of jazz guitar, while expanding some musical boundaries."<ref name="Bio" />
Abercrombie continued to tour and record to the end of his life. He also continued to release albums on the ECM label, an association which lasted for more than 40 years. As he said in an interview, "I'd like people to perceive me as having a direct connection to the history of jazz guitar, while expanding some musical boundaries."<ref name="Bio" />
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==Discography==
==Discography==
⚫
{{Div col}}
===As leader or co-leader===
===As leader or co-leader===
* ''[[Timeless (John Abercrombie album)|Timeless]]'' ([[ECM Records|ECM]], 1975) {{small|with [[Jan Hammer]], [[Jack DeJohnette]]}}
* ''[[Timeless (John Abercrombie album)|Timeless]]'' ([[ECM Records|ECM]], 1975) {{small|with [[Jan Hammer]], [[Jack DeJohnette]]}}
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* ''Route Two'' (Landslide, 1981) {{small|with [[David Earle Johnson]], [[Dan Wall]]}}
* ''Route Two'' (Landslide, 1981) {{small|with [[David Earle Johnson]], [[Dan Wall]]}}
* ''[[Five Years Later]]'' (ECM, 1982) {{small|with [[Ralph Towner]]}}
* ''[[Five Years Later]]'' (ECM, 1982) {{small|with [[Ralph Towner]]}}
* ''The Midweek Blues'' (Plug, 1983) {{small|with David Earle Johnson, Jan Hammer}}
* ''[[Night (John Abercrombie album)|Night]]'' (ECM, 1984) {{small|with [[Michael Brecker]], [[Jan Hammer]], [[Jack DeJohnette]]}}
* ''[[Night (John Abercrombie album)|Night]]'' (ECM, 1984) {{small|with [[Michael Brecker]], [[Jan Hammer]], [[Jack DeJohnette]]}}
* ''Drum Strum'' (1750 Arch, 1984) {{small|with [[George Marsh (musician)|George Marsh]]}}
* ''Drum Strum'' (1750 Arch, 1984) {{small|with [[George Marsh (musician)|George Marsh]]}}
* ''[[Solar (John Abercrombie & John Scofield album)|Solar]]'' ([[Palo Alto Records|Palo Alto]], 1984) {{small|with [[John Scofield]]}}
* ''[[Solar (John Abercrombie & John Scofield album)|Solar]]'' ([[Palo Alto Records|Palo Alto]], 1984) {{small|with [[John Scofield]]}}
* ''[[Current Events (album)|Current Events]]'' (ECM, 1986) {{small|with [[Marc Johnson (musician)|Marc Johnson]], [[Peter Erskine]]}}
* ''[[Current Events (album)|Current Events]]'' (ECM, 1986) {{small|with [[Marc Johnson (musician)|Marc Johnson]], [[Peter Erskine]]}}
* ''All Strings Attached'' (Verve, 1987) {{small|with [[Tal Farlow]], [[Larry Carlton]], [[Larry Coryell]], [[John Scofield]], [[John Patitucci]], [[Billy Hart]]}}
* ''All Strings Attached'' ([[Verve Records|Verve]], 1987) {{small|with [[Tal Farlow]], [[Larry Carlton]], [[Larry Coryell]], [[John Scofield]], [[John Patitucci]], [[Billy Hart]]}}
* ''[[Emerald City (John Abercrombie and Richie Beirach album)|Emerald City]]'' (Pathfinder, 1987) {{small|with [[Richie Beirach]]}}
* ''[[Emerald City (John Abercrombie and Richie Beirach album)|Emerald City]]'' (Pathfinder, 1987) {{small|with [[Richie Beirach]]}}
* ''[[Getting There (album)|Getting There]]'' (ECM, 1988) {{small|with Marc Johnson, Peter Erskine, [[Michael Brecker]]}}
* ''[[Getting There (album)|Getting There]]'' (ECM, 1988) {{small|with Marc Johnson, Peter Erskine, [[Michael Brecker]]}}
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* ''[[John Abercrombie / Marc Johnson / Peter Erskine]]'' (ECM, 1989)
* ''[[John Abercrombie / Marc Johnson / Peter Erskine]]'' (ECM, 1989)
* ''[[Upon a Time (John Abercrombie album)|Upon a Time]]'' (New Albion, 1989) {{small|with Mel Graves, George Marsh}}
* ''[[Upon a Time (John Abercrombie album)|Upon a Time]]'' (New Albion, 1989) {{small|with Mel Graves, George Marsh}}
* ''[[Animato (album)|Animato]]'' (ECM, 1989) {{small|with [[Vince Mendoza]], [[Jon Christensen]]}}
* ''[[Animato (album)|Animato]]'' (ECM, 1989) {{small|with [[Vince Mendoza]], [[Jon Christensen (musician)|Jon Christensen]]}}
* ''Abracadabra'' (Soul Note, 1990) {{small|with Jeff Palmer, [[Dave Liebman|David Liebman]], [[Adam Nussbaum]]}}
* ''Abracadabra'' (Soul Note, 1990) {{small|with Jeff Palmer, [[Dave Liebman|David Liebman]], [[Adam Nussbaum]]}}
* ''Double Variations'' (Justin Time, 1990) {{small|with [[Tim Brady]]}}
* ''Double Variations'' (Justin Time, 1990) {{small|with [[Tim Brady]]}}
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* ''[[Within a Song]]'' (ECM, 2012) {{small|as John Abercrombie Quartet with [[Joe Lovano]], [[Drew Gress]], [[Joey Baron]]}}
* ''[[Within a Song]]'' (ECM, 2012) {{small|as John Abercrombie Quartet with [[Joe Lovano]], [[Drew Gress]], [[Joey Baron]]}}
* ''[[39 Steps (album)|39 Steps]]'' (ECM, 2013) {{small|as John Abercrombie Quartet with [[Marc Copland]], [[Drew Gress]], [[Joey Baron]]}}
* ''[[39 Steps (album)|39 Steps]]'' (ECM, 2013) {{small|as John Abercrombie Quartet with [[Marc Copland]], [[Drew Gress]], [[Joey Baron]]}}
* ''The Angle Below'' (SteepleChase, 2013)
* ''The Angle Below'' ([[SteepleChase Records|SteepleChase]], 2013)
* ''Inspired'' ([[ArtistShare]], 2016) {{small|with [[Peter Bernstein (guitarist)|Peter Bernstein]], [[Lage Lund]], [[Rale Micic]]}}
* ''Inspired'' ([[ArtistShare]], 2016) {{small|with [[Peter Bernstein (guitarist)|Peter Bernstein]], [[Lage Lund]], [[Rale Micic]]}}
* ''[[Up and Coming (album)|Up and Coming]]'' (ECM, 2017) {{small|as John Abercrombie Quartet with [[Marc Copland]], [[Drew Gress]], [[Joey Baron]]}} <ref name="jad">{{cite web|title=John Abercrombie ECM Records Discography |url=https://www.ecmrecords.com/artists/1435045813/john-abercrombie |website=ecmrecords.com |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>
* ''[[Up and Coming (album)|Up and Coming]]'' (ECM, 2017) {{small|as John Abercrombie Quartet with [[Marc Copland]], [[Drew Gress]], [[Joey Baron]]}} <ref name="jad">{{cite web|title=John Abercrombie ECM Records Discography |url=https://www.ecmrecords.com/artists/1435045813/john-abercrombie |website=ecmrecords.com |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>


'''With [[Gateway (band)|Gateway]]'''
'''With [[Gateway (band)|Gateway]]'''
* ''[[Gateway (Gateway album)|Gateway]]'' (ECM, 1976) {{small|with [[Dave Holland]], [[Jack DeJohnette]]}}
* ''[[Gateway (Gateway album)|Gateway]]'' (ECM, 1976) {{small|with [[Dave Holland (bassist)|Dave Holland]], [[Jack DeJohnette]]}}
* ''[[Gateway 2]]'' (ECM, 1978)
* ''[[Gateway 2]]'' (ECM, 1978)
* ''[[Homecoming (Gateway album)|Homecoming]]'' (ECM, 1995)
* ''[[Homecoming (Gateway album)|Homecoming]]'' (ECM, 1995)
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* ''Live from New York'' (Steeplechase, 2010)
* ''Live from New York'' (Steeplechase, 2010)


⚫
{{Div col}}
===As sideman===
===As sideman===
'''With [[Franco Ambrosetti]]'''
'''With [[Franco Ambrosetti]]'''
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'''With [[Billy Cobham]]'''
'''With [[Billy Cobham]]'''
* ''[[Spectrum (Billy Cobham album)|Spectrum]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Crosswinds (Billy Cobham album)|Crosswinds]]'' ([[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], 1974)
* ''[[Crosswinds (Billy Cobham album)|Crosswinds]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Total Eclipse (Billy Cobham album)|Total Eclipse]]'' (Atlantic, 1974)
* ''[[Total Eclipse (Billy Cobham album)|Total Eclipse]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Shabazz (album)|Shabazz]]'' (Atlantic, 1975)
* ''Shabazz'' (1975)


'''With [[Marc Copland]]'''
'''With [[Marc Copland]]'''
* ''Second Look'' (1996)
* ''Second Look'' ([[Savoy Records|Savoy]], 1996)
* ''That's For Sure'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/Marc-Copland-John-Abercrombie-Kenny-Wheeler-Thats-For-Sure/release/2503498|title=Marc Copland, John Abercrombie, Kenny Wheeler – That's For Sure (2001, CD)|access-date=July 23, 2021|website=Discogs.com}}</ref>
* ''...And'' (2002)
* ''...And'' (Hatology, 2003)
* ''Another Place'' (Pirouet, 2008)


'''With [[Jack DeJohnette]]'''
'''With [[Jack DeJohnette]]'''
* ''[[Sorcery_(Jack_DeJohnette_album)|Sorcery]]'' ([[Prestige_Records|Prestige]], 1974)
* ''[[Cosmic Chicken]]'' (Prestige, 1975)
* ''[[Cosmic Chicken]]'' (Prestige, 1975)
* ''[[Untitled (Jack DeJohnette album)|Untitled]]'' (ECM, 1976)
* ''[[Untitled (Jack DeJohnette album)|Untitled]]'' (ECM, 1976)
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* ''[[New Directions (DeJohnette)|New Directions]]'' (ECM, 1978)
* ''[[New Directions (DeJohnette)|New Directions]]'' (ECM, 1978)
* ''[[New Directions in Europe]]'' (ECM, Live 1979, rel. 1980)
* ''[[New Directions in Europe]]'' (ECM, Live 1979, rel. 1980)

'''With [[Peter Erskine]]'''
* ''Transition'' ([[Denon_Records|Denon]], 1987)
* ''Motion Poet'' (Denon, 1988)


'''With [[Danny Gottlieb]]'''
'''With [[Danny Gottlieb]]'''
* ''[[Whirlwind (album)|Whirlwind]]'' ([[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], 1989)
* ''Aquamarine'' ([[Atlantic_Records|Atlantic Jazz]], 1987)
* ''Brooklyn Blues'' (1991) {{small|with [[Jeremy Steig]], [[Gil Goldstein]], Chip Jackson}}
* ''Whirlwind'' (Atlantic, 1989)
* ''Brooklyn Blues'' (Big World, 1991) {{small|with [[Jeremy Steig]], [[Gil Goldstein]], Chip Jackson}}


'''With [[Dave Liebman]]'''
'''With [[Dave Liebman]]'''
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* ''[[Hyperion with Higgins]]'' (ECM, 2001)
* ''[[Hyperion with Higgins]]'' (ECM, 2001)
* ''[[Lift Every Voice (Charles Lloyd album)|Lift Every Voice]]'' (ECM, 2002)
* ''[[Lift Every Voice (Charles Lloyd album)|Lift Every Voice]]'' (ECM, 2002)

'''With [[Barry Miles (musician)|Barry Miles]]'''
* ''White Heat'' ([[Mainstream Records|Mainstream]], 1971)
* ''Scatbird'' (Mainstream, 1972)

'''With [[Terry Plumeri]]'''
* ''He Who Lives In Many Places'' (Airborne, 1971) {{small|featuring [[Herbie Hancock]], [[Michael S. Smith (drummer)|Michael Smith]], John Abercrombie, [[Eric Gravatt]]}}
* ''Ongoing'' (Airborne, 1978)


'''With [[Enrico Rava]]'''
'''With [[Enrico Rava]]'''
* ''Katcharpari'' ([[MPS Records|MPS]]/[[BASF]], 1973)
* ''Katcharpari'' ([[MPS Records|MPS]]/[[BASF]], 1973)
* ''[[The Pilgrim and the Stars]]'' (ECM, 1975)
* ''[[The Pilgrim and the Stars]]'' (ECM, 1975)
* ''Pupa o Crisalide'' ([[RCA_Records|RCA]], 1975)
* ''"Quotation Marks"'' ([[JAPO Records|Japo]], 1976)
* ''[[The Plot (album)|The Plot]]'' (ECM, 1977)
* ''[[The Plot (album)|The Plot]]'' (ECM, 1977)


'''With [[Lonnie Smith (jazz musician)|Lonnie Smith]]'''
'''With [[Johnny "Hammond" Smith]]'''
⚫
* ''[[Nasty!]]'' ([[Prestige Records|Prestige]], 1968)
⚫
* ''Afro Blue'' (1993)
* ''Forever Taurus'' ([[Milestone Records|Milestone]], 1976)
⚫
* ''Purple Haze: Tribute to Jimi Hendrix'' (1995)
* ''Storm Warning'' (Milestone, 1977)
⚫
* ''Foxy Lady: Tribute to Jimi Hendrix'' (1996)

'''With [[Lonnie Smith (organist)|Lonnie Smith]]'''
⚫
* ''Afro Blue'' (Venus, 1993)
⚫
* ''Purple Haze: Tribute to Jimi Hendrix'' (Venus, 1995)
⚫
* ''Foxy Lady: Tribute to Jimi Hendrix'' (Venus, 1996)


'''With [[Collin Walcott]]'''
'''With [[Collin Walcott]]'''
Line 190: Line 212:


'''With others'''
'''With others'''
* [[Horace Arnold|Horacee Arnold]] – ''Tales of the Exonerated Flea'' ([[Columbia Records|Columbia]], 1974)
* [[Jerry Bergonzi]] – ''Tenorist'' ([[Savant Records|Savant]], 2007)
* [[Jerry Bergonzi]] – ''Tenorist'' ([[Savant Records|Savant]], 2007)
* [[Paul Bley]] – ''[[Live at Sweet Basil (Paul Bley album)|Live at Sweet Basil]]'' (Soul Note, 1988)
* [[Paul Bley]] – ''[[Live at Sweet Basil (Paul Bley album)|Live at Sweet Basil]]'' ([[Soul Note]], 1988)
* [[Bob Brookmeyer]] and the [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk|WDR]] Big Band – ''Electricity'' (1994)
* [[Bob Brookmeyer]] and the [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk|WDR]] Big Band – ''Electricity'' (1994)
* [[Royce Campbell]] – ''Six by Six: A Jazz Guitar Celebration'' (rec. 1994, rel. 2004) {{small|with [[Larry Coryell]], [[Pat Martino]], [[Bucky Pizzarelli]], [[Dave Stryker]]}}
* [[Royce Campbell]] – ''Six by Six: A Jazz Guitar Celebration'' (rec. 1994, rel. 2004) {{small|with [[Larry Coryell]], [[Pat Martino]], [[Bucky Pizzarelli]], [[Dave Stryker]]}}
* [[Stanley Clarke]] & Bill Shields – ''Shieldstone'' (Optimism, 1987)
* [[Dreams (band)|Dreams]] – ''Dreams'' (Columbia, 1970)
* [[Urszula Dudziak]] – ''Future Talk'' ([[Inner City Records|Inner City]], 1979)
* [[Mark Egan]] - ''As We Speak'' (Wavetone, 2006)
* [[Mark Egan]] - ''As We Speak'' (Wavetone, 2006)
* [[Gil Evans]] – ''[[The Gil Evans Orchestra Plays the Music of Jimi Hendrix]]'' ([[RCA Records|RCA]], 1974)
* [[Gil Evans]] – ''[[The Gil Evans Orchestra Plays the Music of Jimi Hendrix]]'' ([[RCA Records|RCA]], 1974)
* [[Jan Garbarek]] – ''[[Eventyr]]'' (ECM, 1981)
* [[Jan Garbarek]] – ''[[Eventyr]]'' (ECM, 1981)
* [[Jim Hall (musician)|Jim Hall]] – ''Jim Hall And Friends Live At Town Hall Vol.2'' (Musicmasters, 1991) {{small|featuring John Scofield, John Abercrombie, Mick Goodrick, [[Gary Burton]]}}
* [[Jim Hall (musician)|Jim Hall]] – ''Jim Hall And Friends Live At Town Hall Vol.2'' (Musicmasters, 1991) {{small|featuring John Scofield, John Abercrombie, Mick Goodrick, [[Gary Burton]]}}
* [[Bobby Hutcherson]] – ''[[Un Poco Loco (album)|Un Poco Loco]]'' (1979)
* [[Tom Harrell]] – ''Sail Away'' ([[Contemporary Records|Contemporary]], 1989)
* [[Clint Houston]] – ''Watership Down'' (Trio, 1978)
* [[Bobby Hutcherson]] – ''[[Un Poco Loco (album)|Un Poco Loco]]'' (Columbia, 1980)
* [[Jeff_Johnston_Trio|Jeff Johnston]] – ''Nuage'' (Justin Time, 2001) {{small|featuring [[Dave Liebman]] & John Abercrombie}}
* [[Jeff_Johnston_Trio|Jeff Johnston]] – ''Nuage'' (Justin Time, 2001) {{small|featuring [[Dave Liebman]] & John Abercrombie}}
* [[Lee Konitz]] – ''[[Sound of Surprise]]'' ([[RCA Victor]], 1999)
* [[Lee Konitz]] – ''[[Sound of Surprise]]'' ([[RCA Victor]], 1999)
Line 206: Line 234:
* [[Bob Mintzer]] – ''Hymn'' (Owl, 1990)
* [[Bob Mintzer]] – ''Hymn'' (Owl, 1990)
* [[Czesław Niemen]] – ''[[Mourner's Rhapsody]]'' (1974)
* [[Czesław Niemen]] – ''[[Mourner's Rhapsody]]'' (1974)
* [[Mike Nock]] – ''Climbing'' ([[Tomato Records|Tomato]], 1979)
* [[Makoto Ozone]] – ''Now You Know'' (Columbia, 1987)
* Jeff Palmer – ''Laser Wizzard'' (Statiras, 1987) {{small|with Adam Nussbaum, Gary Campbell}}
* Jeff Palmer – ''Laser Wizzard'' (Statiras, 1987) {{small|with Adam Nussbaum, Gary Campbell}}
* [[Michel Petrucciani]] – ''[[Michel plays Petrucciani]]'' ([[Blue Note Records|Blue Note]], 1988)
* [[Barre Phillips]] – ''[[Mountainscapes]]'' (ECM, 1976)
* [[Barre Phillips]] – ''[[Mountainscapes]]'' (ECM, 1976)
⚫
* [[Johnny "Hammond" Smith]] – ''[[Nasty!]]'' ([[Prestige Records|Prestige]], 1968)
* [[Stark Reality]] – ''The Stark Reality Discovers Hoagy Carmichael's Music Shop'' (1970)<ref name="Murph">{{cite web |last1=Murph |first1=John |title=Stark Reality: Now is Starkers! |url=https://jazztimes.com/news/stark-reality-now-is-starkers/ |website=JazzTimes |access-date=1 December 2018 |date=1 September 2003}}</ref>
* [[Stark Reality]] – ''The Stark Reality Discovers Hoagy Carmichael's Music Shop'' (1970)<ref name="Murph">{{cite web |last1=Murph |first1=John |title=Stark Reality: Now is Starkers! |url=https://jazztimes.com/news/stark-reality-now-is-starkers/ |website=JazzTimes |access-date=1 December 2018 |date=1 September 2003}}</ref>
* [[John Surman]] – ''[[Brewster's Rooster]]'' (ECM, 2009)
* [[John Surman]] – ''[[Brewster's Rooster]]'' (ECM, 2009)
* [[Harvie Swartz]] – ''Arrival'' (RCA 1992)
* [[Harvie Swartz]] – ''Arrival'' (RCA 1992)
* [[Joseph Tawadros]] – ''The Hour of Separation'' (2010)
* [[Joseph Tawadros]] – ''The Hour of Separation'' (2010)
* [[Henri Texier]] – ''Colonel Skopje'' (Label Bleu, 1988)
* [[Don Thompson (musician)|The Don Thompson Quartet]] – ''A Beautiful Friendship'' ([[Concord_Records|Concord Jazz]], 1984)
* [[McCoy Tyner]] – ''[[Quartets 4 X 4]]'' (Milestone, 1980)
* [[Michał Urbaniak]] – ''Fusion III'' ([[Columbia Records|Columbia]], 1975)
* [[Michał Urbaniak]] – ''Fusion III'' ([[Columbia Records|Columbia]], 1975)
* Jim Vivian - ''Sometime Ago'' (Cornerstone, 2018)
* Jim Vivian - ''Sometime Ago'' (Cornerstone, 2018)
* [[Jack Walrath]] – ''[[Neohippus]]'' (Blue Note, 1989)
* [[Jack Walrath]] – ''[[Neohippus]]'' (Blue Note, 1989)
* [[Denny Zeitlin]] – ''Tidal Wave'' (Palo Alto, 1984)
{{Div col end}}
{{Div col end}}


Line 232: Line 266:
* [http://www.progarchives.com/artist.asp?id=2443 John Abercrombie biography, discography, album credits & user reviews] at ProgArchives.com
* [http://www.progarchives.com/artist.asp?id=2443 John Abercrombie biography, discography, album credits & user reviews] at ProgArchives.com
* [https://open.spotify.com/artist/1OCdpTg8d7Ehpj8B9j4iqa John Abercrombie albums to be listened] as stream on [[Spotify]]
* [https://open.spotify.com/artist/1OCdpTg8d7Ehpj8B9j4iqa John Abercrombie albums to be listened] as stream on [[Spotify]]
{{John Abercrombie (guitarist)}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Latest revision as of 21:55, 20 October 2024

For other people with the same name, see John Abercrombie (disambiguation).
John Abercrombie
Abercrombie at Bratislava Jazz Days, 2007
Abercrombie at Bratislava Jazz Days, 2007
Background information
Birth nameJohn Laird Abercrombie
Born(1944-12-16)December 16, 1944
Port Chester, New York, U.S.
DiedAugust 22, 2017(2017-08-22) (aged 72)
Cortlandt Manor, New York
GenresJazz, jazz fusion, free jazz
Occupation(s)Musician, composer
InstrumentGuitar
Years active1969–2017
LabelsECM
Formerly ofDreams, Gateway

John Laird Abercrombie (December 16, 1944 – August 22, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist.[1][2] His work explored jazz fusion, free jazz, and avant-garde jazz. Abercrombie studied at Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts. He was known for his understated style and his work with organ trios.[3]

Career

[edit]
John Abercrombie, KJAZ radio, Alameda, California, August 11, 1981

Early life and education

[edit]

John Abercrombie was born on December 16, 1944, in Port Chester, New York.[3] Growing up in the 1950s in Greenwich, Connecticut he was attracted to the rock and roll of Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, and Bill Haley and the Comets. He also liked the sound of jazz guitarist Mickey Baker of the vocal duo Mickey and Silvia. He had two friends who were musicians with a large jazz collection. They played him albums by Dave Brubeck and Miles Davis.[4] The first jazz guitar album he heard was by Barney Kessel.[4][5]

He took guitar lessons at the age of ten, asking his teacher to show him what Barney Kessel was playing. After high school, he attended Berklee College of Music.[6] At Berklee, he was drawn to the music of Jim Hall, the 1962 album The Bridge by Sonny Rollins, and Wes Montgomery on his albums The Wes Montgomery Trio (1959) and Boss Guitar (1963). He cites George Benson and Pat Martino as inspirations.[4] He often played with other students at Paul's Mall, a jazz club in Boston connected to a larger club, Jazz Workshop. Appearing at Paul's Mall led to meetings with Michael Brecker, Randy Brecker, and organist Johnny Hammond Smith, who invited him to go on tour.[3][5]

Stark Reality, Dreams, and Gateway

[edit]

Abercrombie graduated from Berklee in 1967 and attended North Texas State University before moving to New York City in 1969.[3] Before becoming a popular session musician,[5] he joined Monty Stark's band, Stark Reality, in 1969 and recorded several sides including Stark Reality Discovers Hoagy Carmichael's Music Shop. Abercrombie went on to record with Gato Barbieri in 1971, Barry Miles in 1972, and Gil Evans in 1974.[6] In 1969 he joined the Brecker Brothers in the jazz-rock fusion band Dreams.[6] He continued to play fusion in Billy Cobham's band, but found that he disliked its focus on rock over jazz.[4] Nonetheless his reputation grew with the popularity of both Cobham and Dreams. The band shared billing with such acts as the Doobie Brothers, but Abercrombie found his career taking an unwanted direction. "One night we appeared at the Spectrum in Philadelphia and I thought, 'What am I doing here?' It just didn't compute."[5]

An invitation from drummer Jack DeJohnette led to the fulfillment of Abercrombie's desire to play in a jazz-oriented ensemble. Around the same time, record producer Manfred Eicher, founder and president of ECM Records, invited him to record an album. He recorded his first solo album, Timeless, with DeJohnette and keyboardist Jan Hammer,[4][3] who had been his roommate in the 1960s.[4] In 1975 he formed the band Gateway with DeJohnette and bassist Dave Holland, recording the albums Gateway (1976) and Gateway 2 (1978).[5] Though Abercrombie would record for other labels going forward, ECM became his mainstay, and his association with that label continued for the rest of his career.

Working as a leader

[edit]

The Gateway band played songs written by all three members, in a free jazz style.[4] Following his albums as a member of the Gateway trio, Abercrombie moved to playing in a more traditional style, recording for ECM three albums, Arcade (1979), Abercrombie Quartet (1979), and M (1981) with a quartet that included pianist Richie Beirach, bassist George Mraz, and drummer Peter Donald. Abercrombie said, "it was extremely important to have that group ... it was my first opportunity to really be a leader and write consistently for the same group of musicians."[5] During the mid-1970s and into the 1980s, he contributed to ensembles led by DeJohnette and participated in other sessions for ECM, occasionally doubling on electric mandolin. He toured with guitarist Ralph Towner with whom he recorded two albums, Sargasso Sea (1976) and Five Years Later (1981). During the mid-1980s, he continued to play standards with bassist George Mraz, and he played in a bop duo with guitarist John Scofield.[3] He also appeared on a number of ECM releases in various ensembles with other artists on the label.

Between 1984 and 1990, Abercrombie experimented with a guitar synthesizer. He first used the instrument, though not exclusively, in 1984 in a trio with Marc Johnson on bass and Peter Erskine on drums, as well as with pianist Paul Bley in a free jazz group.[3] The synthesizer allowed him to play what he called "louder, more open music." Abercrombie's trio with Johnson and Erskine released three albums during this time showcasing the guitar-synth: Current Events (1986), Getting There (1988, with Michael Brecker), and a live album, John Abercrombie / Marc Johnson / Peter Erskine (1989).[5]

The 1990s and 2000s marked a time of many new associations. In 1992, Abercrombie, drummer Adam Nussbaum, and Hammond organist Jeff Palmer made a free-jazz album. He then started a trio with Nussbaum and organist Dan Wall and released While We're Young (1992), Speak of the Devil (1994), and Tactics (1997). He added trumpeter Kenny Wheeler, violinist Mark Feldman and saxophonist Joe Lovano to the trio to record Open Land (1999). The Gateway band reunited for the albums Homecoming (1995) and In the Moment (1996).[citation needed]

Abercrombie continued to tour and record to the end of his life. He also continued to release albums on the ECM label, an association which lasted for more than 40 years. As he said in an interview, "I'd like people to perceive me as having a direct connection to the history of jazz guitar, while expanding some musical boundaries."[5]

In 2017, Abercrombie died of heart failure in Cortlandt Manor, New York, at the age of 72.[7][8]

Discography

[edit]

As leader or co-leader

[edit]

With Gateway

With Andy LaVerne

As sideman

[edit]

With Franco Ambrosetti

With Gato Barbieri

With Billy Cobham

With Marc Copland

  • Second Look (Savoy, 1996)
  • That's For Sure (2001)[10]
  • ...And (Hatology, 2003)
  • Another Place (Pirouet, 2008)

With Jack DeJohnette

With Peter Erskine

  • Transition (Denon, 1987)
  • Motion Poet (Denon, 1988)

With Danny Gottlieb

With Dave Liebman

With Rudy Linka

  • Rudy Linka Quartet (Arta, 1991)
  • Mostly Standards (Arta, 1993)
  • Lucky Southern (Quinton, 2006)
  • Every Moment (Acoustic Music, 2011)

With Charles Lloyd

With Barry Miles

  • White Heat (Mainstream, 1971)
  • Scatbird (Mainstream, 1972)

With Terry Plumeri

With Enrico Rava

With Johnny "Hammond" Smith

With Lonnie Smith

  • Afro Blue (Venus, 1993)
  • Purple Haze: Tribute to Jimi Hendrix (Venus, 1995)
  • Foxy Lady: Tribute to Jimi Hendrix (Venus, 1996)

With Collin Walcott

With Kenny Wheeler

With others

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Robinson, J. Bradford; Kernfeld, Barry (2002). Barry Kernfeld (ed.). The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz (2nd ed.). New York: Grove's Dictionaries. pp. 4–5. ISBN 1561592846.
  2. ^ Cook, Richard (2005). Richard Cook's Jazz Encyclopedia. London: Penguin. p. 1. ISBN 0-141-00646-3.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "CONSORT Libraries". OxfordMusicOnLine.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu. 2010-10-06. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Barth, Joe (2006). Voices in Jazz Guitar. Pacific, Missouri: Mel Bay. pp. 1–21. ISBN 0786676795.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "John Abercrombie Biography". All About Jazz. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  6. ^ a b c "CONSORT". OxfordMusicOnLine.com.dewey2.library.denison.edu. 2010-10-06. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
  7. ^ Russonello, Giovanni (August 23, 2017). "John Abercrombie, Lyrical Jazz Guitarist, Dies at 72". The New York Times.
  8. ^ Chinen, Nate (August 23, 2017). "John Abercrombie, Wry And Exploratory Jazz Guitarist, Dies At 72". NPR Music.
  9. ^ "John Abercrombie ECM Records Discography". ecmrecords.com. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  10. ^ "Marc Copland, John Abercrombie, Kenny Wheeler – That's For Sure (2001, CD)". Discogs.com. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  11. ^ Murph, John (1 September 2003). "Stark Reality: Now is Starkers!". JazzTimes. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
[edit]
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