Sudhanoti District: Difference between revisions

Sudhanoti District

ضلع سدھنوتی
Sudhanoti District ضلع سدھنوتی
District of Azad Kashmir administered by Pakistan
	A view of Cadet College Pallandri in the Sudhanoti District
	Interactive map of Sudhanoti district
	A map showing Sudhanoti district shaded in Yellow along with Poonch district
	Coordinates (Pallandri Tehsil): 33°40′N 73°43′E / 33.667°N 73.717°E
Administering country	Pakistan
Territory	Azad Kashmir
Division	Poonch Division
Headquarters	Pallandri
Government
• Type	District Administration
• Deputy Commissioner	N/A
• District Police Officer	N/A
• District Health Officer	N/A
Area
• Total	569 km2 (220 sq mi)
Population (2017)
• Total	297,584
• Density	523/km2 (1,350/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Urdu
• Spoken	Pahari, Gujari, Pothwari
Time zone	UTC+5 (PST)
Number of Tehsils	4
Website	sudhanoti.com

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Sudhanoti (Urdu: سدھنوتی ) meaning the "heartland of Sudhans" or "Sudhan heartland"),^[4]^[5]^[6] is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.^[1]^[7] The Sudhanoti District is bounded on the north and east by the Poonch District,^[8] on the south by the Kotli District, and on the west by the Rawalpindi District of Pakistan's Punjab Province. It is located 90 kilometres (56 mi) from Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. It is connected with Rawalpindi and Islamabad via the Azad Pattan Road.

The district headquarters is the town of Pallandri. It lies at an elevation of 1,372 meters and is at a distance of 97 kilometers from Rawalpindi via the Azad Pattan Road. Pallandri is connected to Rawalakot by a 64-km metalled road.

Administrative divisions

The Sudhanoti District is divided into four tehsils:^[9]

Population

The district is overwhelmingly dominated by the Sudhans, and the population of Sudhanoti was recorded as 297,584 in the 2017 Census.^[2]^[10]

The main native language is Pahari, spoken by an estimated 95% of the population.^[11]^[12]

Education

According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017, Sudhanoti is ranked 34 out of 155 districts with a score of 68.85 in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked last with the very low score of 6.76.^[13]

Educational institutes include:

Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST) Pallandri campus, Sudhanoti District
Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif, a chartered university situated 125 km west of Islamabad
University of Poonch (SM campus, Mang, Sudhanoti District)

Notable people

Kiran Imran Dar, Member National Assembly (MNA) Pakistan
Aziz Khan, General of the Pakistan Army and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee^[14]
Khan Muhammad Khan, Politician and the Chairman of the War Council during the 1947 Poonch Rebellion^[15]
Dr. Muhammad Najeeb Naqi Khan, Minister for Health and Finance. He was elected as a member of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly five times (in 1991, 1996, 2006, 2011, and 2016) from the Pallandri constituency and was a member of the Kashmir Council from 2001 to 2006.
Muhammad Alauddin Siddiqui was a great Islamic Sufi Scholar and 2nd custodian of Nerian Sharif, Tarar Khel. He died on 3 February 2017.

References

^ ^a ^b The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the tertiary sources (a) through (e), reflecting due weight in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below).
(a) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 15 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
(b) Pletcher, Kenneth, Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 16 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
(c) "Kashmir", Encyclopedia Americana, Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006, p. 328, ISBN 978-0-7172-0139-6 C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947";
(d) Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan (2003), Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M, Taylor & Francis, pp. 1191–, ISBN 978-0-415-93922-5 Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China."
(e) Talbot, Ian (2016), A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas, Yale University Press, pp. 28–29, ISBN 978-0-300-19694-8 Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";
(f) Skutsch, Carl (2015) [2007], "China: Border War with India, 1962", in Ciment, James (ed.), Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II (2nd ed.), London and New York: Routledge, p. 573, ISBN 978-0-7656-8005-1, The situation between the two nations was complicated by the 1957–1959 uprising by Tibetans against Chinese rule. Refugees poured across the Indian border, and the Indian public was outraged. Any compromise with China on the border issue became impossible. Similarly, China was offended that India had given political asylum to the Dalai Lama when he fled across the border in March 1959. In late 1959, there were shots fired between border patrols operating along both the ill-defined McMahon Line and in the Aksai Chin.
(g) Clary, Christopher (25 February 2024), The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, p. 109, ISBN 9780197638408, Territorial Dispute: The situation along the Sino-Indian frontier continued to worsen. In late July (1959), an Indian reconnaissance patrol was blocked, "apprehended," and eventually expelled after three weeks in custody at the hands of a larger Chinese force near Khurnak Fort in Aksai Chin. ... Circumstances worsened further in October 1959, when a major class at Kongka Pass in eastern Ladakh led to nine dead and ten captured Indian border personnel, making it by far the most serious Sino-Indian class since India's independence.
(h) Bose, Sumantra (2009), Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace, Harvard University Press, pp. 294, 291, 293, ISBN 978-0-674-02855-5 Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control."
(i) Fisher, Michael H. (2018), An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge University Press, p. 166, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
(j) Snedden, Christopher (2015), Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris, Oxford University Press, p. 10, ISBN 978-1-84904-621-3 Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."
^ ^a ^b "Population of Districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir - Sudhanoti District population". Citypopulation.de website. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
^ Rahman, Tariq (1996). Language and politics in Pakistan. Oxford University Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-19-577692-8.
^ Watch (Organization), Human Rights (2006). Pakistan, with Friends Like These. Human Rights Watch.
^ Human Rights Watch: "With Friends Like These...". Human Rights Watch.
^ Talbot, Ian (28 January 2016). A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21659-2.
^ "AJ&K Portal". www.ajk.gov.pk.
^ ^a ^b "Subdivisions of AJK". Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
^ "Tehsils of Sudhnoti District on AJK map". ajk.gov.pk. AJK Official Portal. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
^ "Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m". The Nation. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
^ Statistical Year Book 2020 (PDF). Muzaffarabad: AJ&K Bureau Of Statistics. p. 140. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
^ Shakil, Mohsin (2012). "Languages of Erstwhile State of Jammu Kashmir (A Preliminary Study)". p. 12.
^ "Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017" (PDF). elections.alifailaan.pk. Alif Ailaan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
^ Bhattacharya, Samir (2014). NOTHING BUT!. Partridge Publishing. p. 228. ISBN 978-1-48281-787-4.
^ "Introduction". Khan Sahib Government College of Technology, Rawalkot. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

External links

Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir travel guide from Wikivoyage

[tertiary-kashmir-1] The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the tertiary sources (a) through (e), reflecting due weight in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below).
(a) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 15 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
(b) Pletcher, Kenneth, Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 16 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
(c) "Kashmir", Encyclopedia Americana, Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006, p. 328, ISBN 978-0-7172-0139-6 C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947";
(d) Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan (2003), Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M, Taylor & Francis, pp. 1191–, ISBN 978-0-415-93922-5 Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China."
(e) Talbot, Ian (2016), A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas, Yale University Press, pp. 28–29, ISBN 978-0-300-19694-8 Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";
(f) Skutsch, Carl (2015) [2007], "China: Border War with India, 1962", in Ciment, James (ed.), Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II (2nd ed.), London and New York: Routledge, p. 573, ISBN 978-0-7656-8005-1, The situation between the two nations was complicated by the 1957–1959 uprising by Tibetans against Chinese rule. Refugees poured across the Indian border, and the Indian public was outraged. Any compromise with China on the border issue became impossible. Similarly, China was offended that India had given political asylum to the Dalai Lama when he fled across the border in March 1959. In late 1959, there were shots fired between border patrols operating along both the ill-defined McMahon Line and in the Aksai Chin.
(g) Clary, Christopher (25 February 2024), The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, p. 109, ISBN 9780197638408, Territorial Dispute: The situation along the Sino-Indian frontier continued to worsen. In late July (1959), an Indian reconnaissance patrol was blocked, "apprehended," and eventually expelled after three weeks in custody at the hands of a larger Chinese force near Khurnak Fort in Aksai Chin. ... Circumstances worsened further in October 1959, when a major class at Kongka Pass in eastern Ladakh led to nine dead and ten captured Indian border personnel, making it by far the most serious Sino-Indian class since India's independence.
(h) Bose, Sumantra (2009), Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace, Harvard University Press, pp. 294, 291, 293, ISBN 978-0-674-02855-5 Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control."
(i) Fisher, Michael H. (2018), An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge University Press, p. 166, ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
(j) Snedden, Christopher (2015), Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris, Oxford University Press, p. 10, ISBN 978-1-84904-621-3 Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."

[city-2] "Population of Districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir - Sudhanoti District population". Citypopulation.de website. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2023.

[3] Rahman, Tariq (1996). Language and politics in Pakistan. Oxford University Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-19-577692-8.

[4] Watch (Organization), Human Rights (2006). Pakistan, with Friends Like These. Human Rights Watch.

[5] Human Rights Watch: "With Friends Like These...". Human Rights Watch.

[6] Talbot, Ian (28 January 2016). A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21659-2.

[7] "AJ&K Portal". www.ajk.gov.pk.

[pndajk.gov.pk-8] "Subdivisions of AJK". Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 24 May 2009.

[9] "Tehsils of Sudhnoti District on AJK map". ajk.gov.pk. AJK Official Portal. Retrieved 19 November 2019.

[10] "Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m". The Nation. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

[11] Statistical Year Book 2020 (PDF). Muzaffarabad: AJ&K Bureau Of Statistics. p. 140. Retrieved 3 March 2022.

[Shakil_2012-12] Shakil, Mohsin (2012). "Languages of Erstwhile State of Jammu Kashmir (A Preliminary Study)". p. 12.

[13] "Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017" (PDF). elections.alifailaan.pk. Alif Ailaan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2019.

[14] Bhattacharya, Samir (2014). NOTHING BUT!. Partridge Publishing. p. 228. ISBN 978-1-48281-787-4.

[15] "Introduction". Khan Sahib Government College of Technology, Rawalkot. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|District in Azad Jammu and Kashmir}}
+{{Use Pakistani English|date=December 2023}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
 {{Infobox settlement
-| name                            = Sudhanoti District
+| name               = Sudhanoti District
-| official_name                   =
+| official_name      =
-| native_name                     = ضلع سدھنوتی
+| native_name        = {{nq|ضلع سدھنوتی}}
-| native_name_lang                = ur
+| native_name_lang   = ur
-| settlement_type                 = [[Districts of Pakistan|District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]
+| settlement_type    = [[List of districts in Azad Kashmir|District of Azad Kashmir]] administered by Pakistan<ref name=tertiary-kashmir/>
-| image_skyline                   = A view of Pallandri city and Cadet Collage Pallandri..jpg
+| image_skyline      = A view of Pallandri city and Cadet Collage Pallandri..jpg
-| imagesize                       =
+| imagesize          =
+| image_alt          =
-| image_alt                       =
+| image_caption      = A view of Cadet College Pallandri in the Sudhanoti District
+| coordinates      = {{coord|33|40|N|73|43|E|type:adm2nd_region:PK_dim:50000|display=inline,title}}
-| image_caption                   = A view of Cadet College Pallandri in the Sudhanoti District
+| image_map          = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=170|frame-align=center|zoom=4|type=point|title=Sudhanoti District|marker=district|type2=shape|stroke-width2=2|stroke-color2=#808080}}
-| image_map                       = Pakistan - Azad Kashmir - Sudhnati.svg
-| mapsize                         = 250px
+| map_caption        = Interactive map of Sudhanoti district
-| map_alt                         =
+| image_map1         = Map of Sudhan heartland2.png
-| map_caption                     = Map of Azad Kashmir with the Sudhanoti District highlighted in red
+| map_caption1       = A map showing Sudhanoti district shaded in Yellow along with [[Poonch District, Pakistan|Poonch]] district
+| coor_pinpoint      = Pallandri Tehsil
-| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Sovereign state]]
+| subdivision_type   = Administering country
-| subdivision_name        = {{Pak}}
-| subdivision_type1       = [[Administrative units of Pakistan|Dependent territory]]
+| subdivision_name   = [[Pakistan]]
+| subdivision_type1  = [[Administrative units of Pakistan|Territory]]
-| subdivision_name1       = {{Flag|Azad Kashmir}}
+| subdivision_name1  = [[Azad Kashmir]]
-| subdivision_type2       = Division
-| subdivision_name2       = [[Poonch Division]]
+| subdivision_type2  = [[Divisions of Pakistan|Division]]
+| subdivision_name2  = [[Poonch Division]]
-| established_title       = Established
+| established_title  = Established
-| established_date        =
+| established_date   =
-| founder                 =
-| seat_type               = Headquarters
+| founder            =
-| seat                            = [[Pallandri]]
+| seat_type          = Headquarters
+| seat               = [[Pallandri]]
+| government_type    = District Administration
-| government_footnotes            =
-| leader_party                    =
+| leader_party       =
-| leader_title                    = District Nazim
+| leader_title       = [[Deputy Commissioner (Pakistan)|Deputy Commissioner]]
-| leader_name                     =
+| leader_name        = N/A
-| leader_title1                   = District Naib Nazim
+| leader_title1      = District Police Officer
-| leader_name1                    =
+| leader_name1       = N/A
-| area_total_km2                  = 569
+| leader_title2      = District Health Officer
-| population_total                = 297,584
+| leader_name2       = N/A
-| population_as_of                = 2017
+| area_total_km2     = 569
+| population_total   = 297,584
-| population_density_km2          = 523
+| population_as_of   = 2017
-| demographics_type1               = Languages
+| population_footnotes   =<ref name=city>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/AzadKashmir.html |url-status=dead|title=Population of Districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir - Sudhanoti District population|website=Citypopulation.de website|archive-date=29 June 2020|access-date=19 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629022906/http://www.citypopulation.de/AzadKashmir.html}}</ref>
-| demographics1_title1               = Official
+| population_density_km2 = 523
-| demographics1_info1        = [[Urdu]]<ref>{{cite book| last = Rahman| first = Tariq| author-link = Tariq Rahman| title = Language and politics in Pakistan| date = 1996| publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 978-0-19-577692-8| p = 226}}<!-- ref is only for Urdu's status in Azad Kashmir as a whole--></ref>
+| demographics_type1 = Languages
-| demographics1_title2       = Spoken
+| demographics1_title1 = Official
-| demographics1_info2        = {{hlist|[[Pahari-Pothwari]]|[[Gojri]]}}{{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}
+| demographics1_info1 = [[Urdu]]<ref>{{cite book| last = Rahman| first = Tariq| author-link = Tariq Rahman| title = Language and politics in Pakistan| date = 1996| publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 978-0-19-577692-8| page = 226}}<!-- ref is only for Urdu's status in Azad Kashmir as a whole--></ref>
-| timezone1                       = [[Time in Pakistan|PST]]
+| demographics1_title2 = Spoken
-| utc_offset1                     = +5
+| demographics1_info2 = [[Pahari (Poonchi)|Pahari]], [[Gujari]], [[Pahari-Pothwari|Pothwari]]
-| blank_name_sec1                 = District Council
-| blank_info_sec1                 =
+| timezone1          = [[Time in Pakistan|PST]]
-| blank1_name_sec1                = Number of [[Tehsil]]s
+| utc_offset1        = +5
+| blank_name_sec1    = District Council
-| blank1_info_sec1                = 4
-| website                         =
+| blank_info_sec1    =
+| blank1_name_sec1   = Number of [[List of tehsils of Azad Kashmir|Tehsils]]
-| constituencies                  = 2
+| blank1_info_sec1   = 4
+| website            = [https://sudhanoti.com/ sudhanoti.com]
 }}
+'''Sudhanoti''' ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|سدھنوتی }}}}) meaning the "heartland of [[Sudhan]]s" or "[[Sudhan]] heartland"),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Watch (Organization) |first=Human Rights |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QfyEAAAAMAAJ&q=heartland+of+sudhans |title=Pakistan, with Friends Like These |date=2006 |publisher=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=99WTTyxnkDYC&dq=heartland+of+sudhans&pg=PA13 |title=Human Rights Watch: "With Friends Like These..." |publisher=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Talbot |first=Ian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sXsmCwAAQBAJ&dq=heartland+sudhan&pg=PA23 |title=A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas |date=28 January 2016 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-21659-2 |language=en}}</ref> is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan-administered [[Azad Kashmir]] in the [[Kashmir#Dispute|disputed]] [[Kashmir]] region.<ref name=tertiary-kashmir>The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of [[Kashmir]] and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the [[WP:TERTIARY|tertiary sources]] (a) through (e), reflecting [[WP:DUE|due weight]] in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below). <br/>
-The '''Sudhanoti District''' (also spelled '''Sudhnoti District''') ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|ضلع سدھنوتی}}}}), meaning the "heartland of [[Sudhan]]s" ''[[Sudhan]]'' (tribe) ''Noti'' (heartland), is one of the 10 districts of [[Pakistan]]'s dependent territory of [[Azad Kashmir]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ajk.gov.pk/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2256&Itemid=144|title=AJ&K Portal|website=www.ajk.gov.pk}}</ref>  The Sudhanoti District is bounded on the north and east by the [[Poonch District, Pakistan|Poonch District]],<ref name="pndajk.gov.pk">{{cite web|url=http://www.pndajk.gov.pk/ajk_glance2007.asp#DDSDAJK|title=Subdivisions of AJK}}</ref> on the south by the [[Kotli District]], and on the west by the [[Rawalpindi District]] of [[Pakistan]]'s [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab Province]].  It is located {{convert|90|km}} from Islamabad, the [[Capital city|capital]] of Pakistan. It is connected with [[Rawalpindi]] and [[Islamabad]] via the Azad Pattan Road.
+(a) {{citation|title=Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kashmir-region-Indian-subcontinent |access-date=15 August 2019}} (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";<br/> (b) {{citation|last1=Pletcher|first1=Kenneth|title=Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Aksai-Chin |access-date=16 August 2019}} (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state."; <br/> (c) {{citation|chapter=Kashmir|title=Encyclopedia Americana|publisher=Scholastic Library Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_cWAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA328|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7172-0139-6|page=328}} C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947"; <br/> (d) {{citation|last1=Osmańczyk|first1=Edmund Jan|title=Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fSIMXHMdfkkC&pg=PA1191|year=2003|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-93922-5|pages=1191–}} Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China." <br/>(e) {{citation|last=Talbot|first=Ian|title=A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eNg_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA28|year=2016|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-19694-8|pages=28–29}} Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";  <br/> (f) {{citation|last=Skutsch|first=Carl|editor-last=Ciment|editor-first=James|title=Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II|edition=2nd|year=2015|orig-year=2007|isbn=978-0-7656-8005-1|chapter=China: Border War with India, 1962|location=London and New York|publisher=Routledge|page=573|quote=The situation between the two nations was complicated by the 1957–1959 uprising by Tibetans against Chinese rule.  Refugees poured across the Indian border, and the Indian public was outraged.  Any compromise with China on the border issue became impossible.  Similarly, China was offended that India had given political asylum to the Dalai Lama when he fled across the border in March 1959.  In late 1959, there were shots fired between border patrols operating along both the ill-defined McMahon Line and in the Aksai Chin.}}<br/>  (g) {{citation|last=Clary|first=Christopher|title=The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia|date=25 February 2024 |publisher=Oxford University Press|location = Oxford and New York|isbn=9780197638408|page=109|quote=Territorial Dispute: The situation along the Sino-Indian frontier continued to worsen.  In late July (1959), an Indian reconnaissance patrol was blocked, "apprehended," and eventually expelled after three weeks in custody at the hands of a larger Chinese force near Khurnak Fort in Aksai Chin.  ... Circumstances worsened further in October 1959, when a major class at Kongka Pass in eastern Ladakh led to nine dead and ten captured Indian border personnel, making it by far the most serious Sino-Indian class since India's independence.}} <br/> (h) {{citation|last=Bose|first=Sumantra|title=Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ACMe9WBdNAC&pg=PA294|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-02855-5|pages=294, 291, 293}} Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control." <br/> (i) {{citation|last=Fisher|first=Michael H.|title=An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA166|year=2018|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-11162-2|page=166}} Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir."; <br/> (j) {{citation|last=Snedden|first=Christopher|title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5amKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10|year=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-1-84904-621-3|page=10}} Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."
+</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ajk.gov.pk/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2256&Itemid=144|title=AJ&K Portal|website=www.ajk.gov.pk}}</ref>  The Sudhanoti District is bounded on the north and east by the [[Poonch District, Pakistan|Poonch District]],<ref name="pndajk.gov.pk">{{cite web|url=http://www.pndajk.gov.pk/ajk_glance2007.asp#DDSDAJK|title=Subdivisions of AJK|access-date=24 May 2009|archive-date=5 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405225014/http://pndajk.gov.pk/ajk_glance2007.asp#DDSDAJK|url-status=dead}}</ref> on the south by the [[Kotli District]], and on the west by the [[Rawalpindi District]] of Pakistan's [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab Province]]. It is located {{convert|90|km}} from [[Islamabad]], the capital of Pakistan. It is connected with [[Rawalpindi]] and Islamabad via the [[Azad Pattan]] Road.
-The district headquarters is the town of [[Pallandri]]. It is at an elevation of 1,372 meters and is at a distance of 97 kilometers from Rawalpindi via the Azad Pattan Road. [[Pallandri]] is connected to [[Rawalakot]] by a 64-km metaled road.
+The district headquarters is the town of [[Pallandri]]. It lies at an elevation of 1,372 meters and is at a distance of 97 kilometers from Rawalpindi via the Azad Pattan Road. Pallandri is connected to [[Rawalakot]] by a 64-km metalled road.
+[[File:Pakistan - Azad Kashmir - Sudhnati.svg|thumb|300px|right|Map of Azad Kashmir with the Sudhanoti District highlighted in red]]
-== History ==
-Sudhanoti, along with other parts of [[Poonch Division]] were the main areas of the violent [[1955 Poonch uprising]], led by the [[Sudhans]] against [[Sher Ahmed Khan]] and the government.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Kashmir: The Unwritten History|last=Snedden|first=Christopher|publisher=Harper Collins Publishers|year=2013|isbn=978-9350298978|location=India}}</ref>
 ==Administrative divisions==
 The Sudhanoti District is divided into four [[tehsil]]s:<ref>{{cite web |title=Tehsils of Sudhnoti District on AJK map |url=https://www.ajk.gov.pk/ajkmap |website=ajk.gov.pk |publisher=AJK Official Portal |access-date=19 November 2019}}</ref>
 * [[Balouch, Azad Kashmir|Baloch Tehsil]]
 * [[Mong, Azad Kashmir|Mang Tehsil]]
@@ Line 65: / Line 71: @@
 ==Population==
-Sudhanoti has a population of 297,584 according to the [[2017 Census of Pakistan|2017 Census]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nation.com.pk/national/27-Aug-2017/census-2017-ajk-population-rises-to-over-4m|title=Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m|work=The Nation|access-date=2017-09-01|language=en-US}}</ref>
+The district is overwhelmingly dominated by the [[Sudhan]]s, and the population of Sudhanoti was recorded as 297,584 in the [[2017 Census of Pakistan|2017 Census]].<ref name=city/><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nation.com.pk/national/27-Aug-2017/census-2017-ajk-population-rises-to-over-4m|title=Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m|work=The Nation|access-date=1 September 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>
+The main native language is [[Pahari language (Kashmir)|Pahari]], spoken by an estimated 95% of the population.<ref>{{Cite book| title = Statistical Year Book 2020| place = Muzaffarabad| publisher = AJ&K Bureau Of Statistics| url = https://www.pndajk.gov.pk/uploadfiles/downloads/Statistical%20Year%20Book%202020.pdf| access-date = 3 March 2022| page = 140}}</ref><ref name="Shakil 2012">{{Cite web| last = Shakil| first = Mohsin| date = 2012| title = Languages of Erstwhile State of Jammu Kashmir (A Preliminary Study)| url = https://www.academia.edu/6485567| page = 12}}</ref>
 ==Education==
-According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017, Sudhanoti is ranked 34 out of 155 districts with a score of 68.85 in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked last with the very low score of 6.76.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017 |url=https://elections.alifailaan.pk/wp-includes/file/DER17.pdf |website=elections.alifailaan.pk |publisher=[[Alif Ailaan]] |access-date=19 November 2019}}</ref>
+According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017, Sudhanoti is ranked 34 out of 155 districts with a score of 68.85 in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked last with the very low score of 6.76.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017 |url=https://elections.alifailaan.pk/wp-includes/file/DER17.pdf |website=elections.alifailaan.pk |publisher=[[Alif Ailaan]] |access-date=19 November 2019 |archive-date=30 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730105939/https://elections.alifailaan.pk/wp-includes/file/DER17.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 Educational institutes include:
+<!---♦♦♦ Only add an institute to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
+<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
-*[[Cadet College Palandri]], situated about 100&nbsp;km from Islamabad
 *[[Mirpur University of Science & Technology]] (MUST) Pallandri campus, Sudhanoti District
 *[[Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University]] [[Nerian Sharif]], a chartered university situated 125&nbsp;km west of Islamabad
 *[[University of Poonch]] (SM campus, Mang, Sudhanoti District)
-*[khan Muhammad khan post graduate boys college ]
-*[ Darul Uloom Al-Islamia Palandri AJK]
-Ajk's biggest islamic institute having 1500 students along with 50 plus academic staff.
 ==Notable people==
 <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
 <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
+*[[Kiran Imran Dar]], Member National Assembly (MNA) Pakistan
-* General [[Aziz Khan (general)|Aziz Khan]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Bhattacharya|first=Samir|title=NOTHING BUT!|year=2014|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=978-1-48281-787-4|page=228|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xO3HAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA228}}</ref>
+* [[Aziz Khan (general)|Aziz Khan]], General of the Pakistan Army and Chairman of the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Bhattacharya|first=Samir|title=NOTHING BUT!|year=2014|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=978-1-48281-787-4|page=228|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xO3HAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA228}}</ref>
-* [[Khan Muhammad Khan]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gctr.edu.pk/pages/Intromore.html |publisher=Khan Sahib Government College of Technology, Rawalkot |title=Introduction |access-date=14 October 2018}}</ref>
+* [[Khan Muhammad Khan]], Politician and the Chairman of the War Council during the [[1947 Poonch Rebellion]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gctr.edu.pk/pages/Intromore.html |publisher=Khan Sahib Government College of Technology, Rawalkot |title=Introduction |access-date=14 October 2018}}</ref>
 * Dr. [[Muhammad Najeeb Naqi Khan]], Minister for Health and Finance. He was elected as a member of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly five times (in 1991, 1996, 2006, 2011, and 2016) from the Pallandri constituency and was a member of the Kashmir Council from 2001 to 2006.
+*[[Muhammad Alauddin Siddiqui]] was a great Islamic Sufi Scholar and 2nd custodian of [[Nerian Sharif]], [[Tarar Khel]]. He died on 3 February 2017.
-Sardar feroz ali khan also known as Munshi feroz ali khan [ one of those leaders who initiated revolt against the Mahraja ]
-Sardar Altaf hussain khan [Ex chairman to Prime Minister monitoring commission]
-Sardar farooq Ahmed tahir [ deputy speaker ajk assembly 2006-2011, Minister of law ajk 2016-2021]
-Sardar Muhammad Hussain khan [ Ex minister ajk ]
 ==See also==
 *[[Balouch, Azad Kashmir]]
@@ Line 105: / Line 102: @@
 ==External links==
 *[http://www.ajk.gov.pk Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir]
-*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Azad Jammu and Kashmir}}
+*{{Wikivoyage inline|Azad Jammu and Kashmir}}
 {{Poonch Division}}
 {{Administrative units of Azad Kashmir}}
-{{Coord|33|42|54|N|73|41|09|E|region:PK_type:city|display=title}}
 [[Category:Sudhanoti District| ]]
 [[Category:Districts of Azad Kashmir]]
+[[Category:Poonch Division]]

v t e Poonch Division
Bagh District	Bagh Bees Bagla Birpani Chirala Dhal Qazian Bagh Dhirkot Kharal Abbasian Kotla Mahldara Mallot Munasa Nar Sher Ali Khan Panyali Pīr Kanthi Sirsyedan Sudhan Gali
Haveli District	Forward Kahuta Nezapir
Poonch District	Abbaspur Bhalgran Devi Gali Hajira Hurnamaira Jandala Khai Gala Motialmara Narwal Rawalakot Tatrinote Tatta Pani Tolipir Trar Dewan Village Pakhar Hill Town
Sudhanoti District	Azad Pattan Balouch Mong Mongriot Pallandri Baithak Awanabad Tarar Khel

v t e Districts of Azad Kashmir
Provincial capital: Muzaffarabad
Mirpur	Bhimber Kotli Mirpur
Muzaffarabad	Hattian Bala Muzaffarabad Neelum
Poonch	Bagh Haveli Poonch Sudhanoti