Peniocereus: Difference between revisions

Peniocereus
	Peniocereus greggii flower
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Cactaceae
Subfamily:	Cactoideae
Tribe:	Echinocereeae
Genus:	Peniocereus; (A.Berger) Britton & Rose
Synonyms
	Cullmannia Distefano; Neoevansia W.T.Marshall; Nyctocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose;

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Peniocereus is a genus of vining cacti, comprising about 18 species, found from the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a large underground tuber, thin and inconspicuous stems. Its name comes from the prefix penio- (from the Latin penis, meaning ‘tail’) and Cereus, the large genus from which it was split.^[1]

Known as the desert night-blooming cereus, it also shares its common names of "night-blooming cereus" and "queen of the night" with many other similar cacti.

Taxonomy

Peniocereus was first described in 1905 by Alwin Berger as a subgenus of Cereus with a single species, Cereus greggii. This taxon was elevated to the genus level as Peniocereus greggii by Britton and Rose in 1909. Later in 1974 an infrageneric classification was constructed based on morphological features that split Peniocereus into two subgenera: Peniocereus and Pseudoacanthocereus. In 2005 a molecular phylogenetic study of the genus supported this split and showed that Peniocereus is not monophyletic.^[2]

Species

Species include:^[3]

Subgenus Peniocereus

Molecular phylogeny supported the position of this subgenus within Echinocereeae.^[2]

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Peniocereus greggii – desert nightblooming cereus	United States (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas), Mexico
	Peniocereus johnstonii	Mexico (Baja California Sur)
	Peniocereus lazaro-cardenasii	Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan de Ocampo)
	Peniocereus viperinus	Mexico (Morelos, Puebla)
	Peniocereus zopilotensis	Mexico (Guerrero)
	Peniocereus marianus	Mexico (Sinaloa, Sonora)
	Peniocereus striatus – gearstem cactus	Mexico (Baja California, Sinaloa, and Sonora) and United States (Arizona)

Nyctocereus

The 2005 molecular study showed that P. serpentinus is in Echinocereeae along with subgenus Peniocereus, but suggests resurrecting the monotopic Nyctocereus as it is sister to Bergerocactus.^[2]

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Peniocereus serpentinus	Mexico (Michoacan de Ocampo, Morelos, Oaxaca)

Subgenus Pseudoacanthocereus

Molecular phylogeny and morphological evidence suggests this subgenus is more closely related to Acanthocereus.^[2]

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Peniocereus hirschtianus	Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua
	Peniocereus maculatus	Mexico ( Guerrero)
	Peniocereus oaxacensis	Mexico (Oaxaca)
	Peniocereus cuixmalensis	Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo)
	Peniocereus fosterianus	Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca)
	Peniocereus castellae	Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo)
	Peniocereus macdougallii	Mexico (Oaxaca)
	Peniocereus rosei	Mexico (Jalisco, Sinaloa)
	Peniocereus tepalcatepecanus	Mexico (Michoacan de Ocampo)

References

^ A. Michael Powell; James F. Weedin (2004). Cacti of the Trans-Pecos & Adjacent Areas. Texas Tech University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-89672-531-7.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Vázquez-Sánchez, Monserrat (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequence data". Journal of Plant Research. 118 (5): 317–328. Bibcode:2005JPlR..118..317A. doi:10.1007/s10265-005-0225-3. PMID 16143879. S2CID 5617876.
^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 20 January 2014.

This Cactaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] A. Michael Powell; James F. Weedin (2004). Cacti of the Trans-Pecos & Adjacent Areas. Texas Tech University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-89672-531-7.

[molecular-2] Vázquez-Sánchez, Monserrat (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequence data". Journal of Plant Research. 118 (5): 317–328. Bibcode:2005JPlR..118..317A. doi:10.1007/s10265-005-0225-3. PMID 16143879. S2CID 5617876.

[3] "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 20 January 2014.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Genus of plant in the family Cactaceae}}
 {{More citations needed|date=September 2014}}
-{{short description|genus of plant in the family Cactaceae}}
 {{Automatic taxobox
 |image = Night-Blooming Cereus Sonora.jpg
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 Its name comes from the prefix ''penio-'' (from the Latin ''penis'', meaning ‘tail’) and ''[[Cereus (plant)|Cereus]]'', the large genus from which it was split.<ref>{{cite book|author1=A. Michael Powell|author2=James F. Weedin|title=Cacti of the Trans-Pecos & Adjacent Areas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tix9HeLUOt4C&pg=PA193|year=2004|publisher=Texas Tech University Press|isbn=978-0-89672-531-7|page=193}}</ref>
-Known as  the '''desert night-blooming cereus''', it also shares its common names of “[[night-blooming cereus]]” and “queen of the night” with many other similar cacti.
+Known as  the '''desert night-blooming cereus''', it also shares its common names of "[[night-blooming cereus]]" and "queen of the night" with many other similar cacti.
 ==Taxonomy==
-Peniocereus was first described in 1905 by Alwin Berger as a subgenus of Cereus with a single species, Cereus greggii. This taxon was elevated to the genus level as Peniocereus greggii by Britton and Rose in 1909. Later in 1974 an infrageneric classification was constructed based on morphological features that split Peniocereus into two subgenera: Peniocereus and Pseudoacanthocereus. In 2005 a molecular phylogenetic study of the genus showed that Peniocereus is not monophyletic.<ref name = "molecular">{{cite journal |last1=Vázquez-Sánchez |first1=Monserrat |title=Phylogenetic relationships in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequence data |journal=Journal of Plant Research |date=2005 |volume=118 |page=317-328 |doi=10.1007/s10265-005-0225-3}}</ref>
+''Peniocereus'' was first described in 1905 by Alwin Berger as a subgenus of ''Cereus'' with a single species, ''Cereus greggii''. This taxon was elevated to the genus level as ''Peniocereus greggii'' by Britton and Rose in 1909. Later in 1974 an infrageneric classification was constructed based on morphological features that split ''Peniocereus'' into two subgenera: ''Peniocereus'' and ''Pseudoacanthocereus''. In 2005 a molecular phylogenetic study of the genus supported this split and showed that ''Peniocereus'' is not monophyletic.<ref name = "molecular">{{cite journal |last1=Vázquez-Sánchez |first1=Monserrat |title=Phylogenetic relationships in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequence data |journal=Journal of Plant Research |date=2005 |volume=118 |issue=5 |pages=317–328 |doi=10.1007/s10265-005-0225-3|pmid=16143879 |bibcode=2005JPlR..118..317A |s2cid=5617876 }}</ref>
-==Species List==
+==Species==
 Species include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=peniocereus|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species |access-date = 20 January 2014}}</ref>
-===Subgenus Peniocereus===
+===Subgenus ''Peniocereus''===
-Molecular phylogeny supported the position of this subgenus within Echinocereeae.<ref name="molecular" />
+Molecular phylogeny supported the position of this subgenus within ''Echinocereeae''.<ref name="molecular" />
+{| class="wikitable"
-*''[[Peniocereus greggii]]'' desert nightblooming cereus
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus johnstonii]]''
+! Image !! Scientific name!! Distribution
-*''[[Peniocereus lazaro-cardenasii]]''
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus viperinus]]''
+|[[File:Peniocereus greggii var. greggii - Flickr - aspidoscelis (48).jpg|120px]] ||''[[Peniocereus greggii]]'' &ndash; desert nightblooming cereus|| United States (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas), Mexico
-*''[[Peniocereus zopilotensis]]''
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus marianus]]''
-*''[[Peniocereus striatus]]'' &ndash; gearstem cactus
+| ||''[[Peniocereus johnstonii]]''||Mexico (Baja California Sur)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus lazaro-cardenasii]]''||Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan de Ocampo)
+|-
+|[[File:Peniocereus viperinus.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Peniocereus viperinus]]''|| Mexico (Morelos, Puebla)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus zopilotensis]]''|| Mexico (Guerrero)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus marianus]]''|| Mexico (Sinaloa, Sonora)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus striatus]]'' &ndash; gearstem cactus|| Mexico (Baja California, Sinaloa, and Sonora) and United States (Arizona)
+|-
+|}
-===Nyctocereus===
+===''Nyctocereus''===
-The 2005 molecular study showed that this species is in Echinocereeae along with subgenus Peniocereus, but suggests resurrecting the monotopic Nyctocereus as it is sister to Bergerocactus.<ref name="molecular" />
+The 2005 molecular study showed that ''P. serpentinus'' is in ''Echinocereeae'' along with subgenus ''Peniocereus'', but suggests resurrecting the monotopic ''Nyctocereus'' as it is sister to ''Bergerocactus''.<ref name="molecular" />
+{| class="wikitable"
-*''[[Peniocereus serpentinus]]''
+|-
+! Image !! Scientific name!! Distribution
+|-
+|[[File:Peniocereus serpentinus2126111279.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Peniocereus serpentinus]]''|| Mexico (Michoacan de Ocampo, Morelos, Oaxaca)
+|-
+|}
-===Subgenus Pseudoacanthocereus===
+===Subgenus ''Pseudoacanthocereus''===
-Molecular phylogeny suggests this sugbenus is more closely related to Acanthocereus.<ref name="molecular" />
+Molecular phylogeny and morphological evidence suggests this subgenus is more closely related to ''Acanthocereus''.<ref name="molecular" />
+{| class="wikitable"
-*''[[Peniocereus hirschtianus]]''
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus maculatus]]''
+! Image !! Scientific name!! Distribution
-*''[[Peniocereus oaxacensis]]''
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus cuixmalensis]]''
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus fosterianus]]''
-*''[[Peniocereus castellae]]''
+| ||''[[Peniocereus hirschtianus]]'' ||Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus macdougallii]]''
-*''[[Peniocereus rosei]]''
+| ||''[[Peniocereus maculatus]]'' ||Mexico ( Guerrero)
+|-
-*''[[Peniocereus tepalcatepecanus]]''
+| ||''[[Peniocereus oaxacensis]]'' ||Mexico (Oaxaca)
+|-
+|[[File:Peniocereus cuixmalensis 01 SSZ.jpg|120px]] ||''[[Peniocereus cuixmalensis]]'' ||Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus fosterianus]]'' || Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus castellae]]'' ||Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus macdougallii]]'' || Mexico (Oaxaca)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus rosei]]'' || Mexico (Jalisco, Sinaloa)
+|-
+| ||''[[Peniocereus tepalcatepecanus]]'' ||Mexico (Michoacan de Ocampo)
+|-
+|}
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
 {{Commons}}
+{{Reflist}}
 {{Taxonbar|from=Q134510}}

Taxon identifiers
Peniocereus	Wikidata: Q134510 Wikispecies: Peniocereus APNI: 119315 BioLib: 105620 CoL: 6KNQ EoL: 38331 EPPO: 1PNKG FNA: 124343 FoC: 124343 GBIF: 3084043 GRIN: 9015 iNaturalist: 156640 IPNI: 296856-2 IRMNG: 1070840 ITIS: 500467 NCBI: 336100 Open Tree of Life: 801971 PLANTS: PENIO POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296856-2 Tropicos: 40003482 WFO: wfo-4000028539
Cereus subsect. Peniocereus	Wikidata: Q14928255 APNI: 243705 IPNI: 60466503-2 Tropicos: 50183872