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Some communities along the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada, developed as linear settlements, as is still clearly seen in Champlain

A linear settlement is a (normally small to medium-sized) settlement or group of buildings that is formed in a long line.^[1] Many of these settlements are formed along a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Others form due to physical restrictions, such as coastlines, mountains, hills or valleys. Linear settlements may have no obvious centre.^[2]

In the case of settlements built along a route, the route predated the settlement, and then the settlement grew along the transport route. Often, it is only a single street with houses on either side of the road. Mileham, Norfolk, England is an example of this pattern. Later development may add side turnings and districts away from the original main street. Places such as Southport, England developed in this way.

A linear settlement is in contrast with ribbon development, which is the outward spread of an existing town along a main street, and with a nucleated settlement, which is a group of buildings clustered around a central point.

Particular types of linear settlements are linear village, chain village,^{[citation needed]} street village (Polish: ulicówka;^[3] German: Straßendorf,^[3] Lithuanian: gatvinis kaimas, French: village-rue), and some others. Different countries have varying classifications of linear settlements.

Sułoszowa, Poland, is notable for its 9 km long, single main street and its thin strips of farm land, inhabited by 6000 people.

Cities and city districts

Linear designs have also been proposed for new city and district development projects, such as Arturo Soria y Mata's linear city, Michael Graves and Peter Eisenman's linear city, Madrid's Ciudad Lineal district, and Saudi Arabia's The Line.^[4] Such designs have been criticized as expressing a simplistic understanding of the process of urban growth and ignoring the human factor in design, resulting in inefficiency and limited growth potential.^[5]

References

^ English heritage thesaurus Archived 2007-09-14 at the Wayback Machine, 23-05-2013
^ "Linear settlements". National Grid for Learning Cymru. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008 – via Internet Archive.
^ ^a ^b "Poland Population Distribution"
^ Ravenscroft, Tom (2022-10-19). "Drone footage reveals The Line megacity under construction in Saudi Arabia". Dezeen. Archived from the original on 2022-10-19. Retrieved 2022-11-13.
^ Hicks, Stewart (2023-01-12), Why Linear Cities Don't Work (5 Reasons), retrieved 2023-07-04

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 {{Short description|Type of village}}
-[[File:Champlain(Quebec).JPG|thumb|right|250px|Some communities along the [[Saint Lawrence River]] in [[Quebec]], [[Canada]], developed as linear settlements, as is still clearly seen in [[Champlain, Quebec]]]]
+[[File:Champlain(Quebec).JPG|thumb|Some communities along the [[Saint Lawrence River]] in [[Quebec]], Canada, developed as linear settlements, as is still clearly seen in [[Champlain, Quebec|Champlain]]]]
+A '''linear settlement''' is a (normally small to medium-sized) [[Human settlement|settlement]] or group of buildings that is formed in a long line.<ref>[http://thesaurus.english-heritage.org.uk/thesaurus_term.asp?thes_no=1&term_no=68988 English heritage thesaurus] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914043943/http://thesaurus.english-heritage.org.uk/thesaurus_term.asp?thes_no=1&term_no=68988 |date=2007-09-14 }}, 23-05-2013</ref> Many of these settlements are formed along a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Others form due to physical restrictions, such as coastlines, mountains, hills or valleys. Linear settlements may have no obvious centre.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Linear settlements|url=http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/vtc/settlement_wales/eng/Linearsettlemen/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202052839/http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/vtc/settlement_wales/eng/Linearsettlemen/|archive-date=2 December 2008|website=National Grid for Learning Cymru|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
-{{multiple image
-| footer    =
-| header    =
-| width     = 250
-| direction = vertical
+In the case of settlements built along a route, the route predated the settlement, and then the settlement grew along the transport route. Often, it is only a single street with houses on either side of the road. [[Mileham]], Norfolk, England is an example of this pattern. Later development may add side turnings and districts away from the original main street. Places such as [[Southport]], England developed in this way.
-| image1    = City_of_Victoria.jpg
-| alt1      = Picture of Victoria City
-| caption1  = A picture of Victoria City, capital of [[British Hong Kong]], between 1860 and 1865
+A linear settlement is in contrast with [[ribbon development]], which is the outward spread of an existing [[town]] along a [[main street]], and with a [[nucleated settlement]], which is a group of buildings clustered around a central point.
-| image2    = Victoria_City_and_Kowloon_1915.jpg
-| alt2      = Map of Victoria City (and Kowloon across the Victoria Harbour)
-| caption2  = A map of [[Victoria, Hong Kong|Victoria City]] (bottom) and the city of Kowloon across the harbour, of [[British Hong Kong]] in 1915
-}}
+[[File:Wieś ulicówka.svg|thumb|A sketch of a street village]]
-A '''linear settlement''' is a (normally small to medium-sized) settlement or group of buildings that is formed in a long line.<ref>[http://thesaurus.english-heritage.org.uk/thesaurus_term.asp?thes_no=1&term_no=68988 English heritage thesaurus] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914043943/http://thesaurus.english-heritage.org.uk/thesaurus_term.asp?thes_no=1&term_no=68988 |date=2007-09-14 }}, 23-05-2013</ref> Many of these settlements are formed along a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Others form due to physical restrictions, such as coastlines, mountains, hills or valleys. Linear settlements may have no obvious centre, such as a road junction.<ref>[http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/vtc/settlement_wales/eng/Linearsettlemen/ Linear settlements], 23-05-2013</ref> Linear settlements have a long and narrow shape.
+Particular types of linear settlements are '''linear village''', '''chain village''',{{citation needed|date=May 2022}} '''street village''' ({{Langx|pl|ulicówka}};<ref name=acl>[https://www.allcountrylist.com/poland-population-distribution/ "Poland Population Distribution"]</ref> {{Langx|de|Straßendorf}},<ref name=acl/> {{Langx|lt|gatvinis kaimas}}, {{Langx|fr|village-rue}}), and some others. Different countries have varying classifications of linear settlements. <!-- for now, you may look into the corresponsing interwikis-->
+[[Sułoszowa]], Poland, is notable for its 9&nbsp;km long, single main street and its thin strips of farm land, inhabited by 6000 people.
-In the case of settlements built along a route, the route predated the settlement, and then the settlement grew along the transport route. Often, it is only a single street with houses on either side of the road. [[Mileham]], [[Norfolk]], [[England]] is an example of this pattern. Later development may add side turnings and districts away from the original main street. Places such as [[Southport]], England developed in this way.
+== Cities and city districts ==
-A linear settlement is in contrast with [[ribbon development]], which is the outward spread of an existing [[town]] along a main street, and with a nucleated settlement, which is a group of buildings clustered around a central point; these include, for example, [[Klaukkala]] in [[Nurmijärvi]], [[Finland]].<ref>[https://www.hel.fi/enwiki/static/hkm/lausunnot/2015/003659.pdf Keski-Uudenmaan maakuntamuseon lausunto Nurmijärven Klaukkalan osayleiskaavaehdotuksesta (Statement of the Central Uusimaa Regional Museum on the partial master plan proposal for Klaukkala, Nurmijärvi)] (in Finnish)</ref>
+{{See also|Urban planning|Urbanization|Real estate development}}
+Linear designs have also been proposed for new city and district development projects, such as [[Arturo Soria y Mata]]'s [[Linear city (Soria design)|linear city]], [[Michael Graves]] and [[Peter Eisenman]]'s [[Linear city (Graves and Eisenman design)|linear city]], [[Madrid]]'s ''[[Ciudad Lineal]]'' district, and [[Saudi Arabia]]'s [[The Line, Saudi Arabia|The Line]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ravenscroft |first=Tom |date=2022-10-19 |title=Drone footage reveals The Line megacity under construction in Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.dezeen.com/2022/10/19/line-megacity-under-construction-saudi-arabia-drone/ |access-date=2022-11-13 |website=Dezeen |language=en |archive-date=2022-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019085354/https://www.dezeen.com/2022/10/19/line-megacity-under-construction-saudi-arabia-drone/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Such designs have been criticized as expressing a simplistic understanding of the process of urban growth and ignoring the [[Human-centered design|human factor in design]], resulting in inefficiency and limited growth potential.<ref>{{Citation |last=Hicks |first=Stewart |title=Why Linear Cities Don't Work (5 Reasons) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHRMcwQHicI |date=2023-01-12 |access-date=2023-07-04 |language=en}}</ref>
-==Linear villages==
+==See also==
+* [[Eyeball planet]]
-A ''linear village''<ref>[https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/33028%20Outlane geograph, SE0817 : Outlane - a linear village], 23-05-2013</ref> or a ''chain village''<ref>http://www.pg.geo.uj.edu.pl/documents/3189230/4676039/2003_112_161-172.pdf</ref> is a [[village]] that is also a linear settlement.
-== See also ==
 * [[Reihendorf]]
-* [[Ribbon development]]
+* [[Ribbon farm]]
-* [[Linear city]]
+* [[Zeilendorf]]
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
-==External links==
+==Further reading==
+* {{Cite journal| issn = 2543-8700| issue = 14| pages = 190–195| last1 = Tufek-Memisevic| first1 = T.| last2 = Stachura| first2 = E.| title = A linear city development under contemporary determinants| journal = Środowisko Mieszkaniowe| accessdate = 2022-08-02| date = 2015| url = https://www.infona.pl//resource/bwmeta1.element.baztech-052d5671-bbd9-47d9-99d4-63b4c464a16c}}
-*[https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/33028 Outlane - a linear village]
 {{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Human geography]]
 [[Category:Urban planning]]
-[[Category:Types of populated places]]
 [[Category:City layout models]]
+[[Category:Types of village]]